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Embryonic Genome Editing: Scientific Progress and Ethical Boundaries

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of PG studies in Biotechnology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, India
  • 2Department of PG studies in Biotechnology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, India

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 15, Issue (4), Pages 41-44, October,2 (2026)

Abstract

The appearance of the precise gene-editing tool, unveiled by the development of the technology known as CRISPR-Cas9, has allowed the creation of new remedial strategies for genetically caused conditions analogous to sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis. Nevertheless, germline editing, having an impact on future generations, stays a contentious issue. This review aims to critically assess the scientific foundations for editing the genome in embryos, the operations of this procedure, as well as ethical dilemma that surfaced after a procedure was conducted by He Jiankui in 2018 in which he edited mortal embryos without proper regulation. Current technical issues, analogous to out-target and mosaicism and nonsupervisory programs in different countries, are mooted. Although the use of Host Directed Therapy in remedy for rare heritable conditions is apparently promising, there remain major safety and ethical enterprises. The agreement among the international community is strict regulation of the use of this technology, with clear governance and use for the prevention of complaint rather than enhancement. This review article elaborates on different perspectives from bioethics, regulatory bodies, and public opinion to provide a balanced assessment of the current technology.

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