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The utility of Albumin Creatinine ratio in early assessment of Renal function in Hypertensive Pregnant patients in Benin City, Nigeria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo State University Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Edo State University Uzairue, Edo State, Nigeria

Res. J. Recent Sci., Volume 14, Issue (1), Pages 1-12, January,2 (2025)

Abstract

Worldwide, hypertensive conditions via pregnancy (HDP) are a major cause of maternity death. This study explores the potential utility of the Albumin Creatinine Ratio (ACR) in initial renal function assessment for hypertensive pregnant patients in Benin City, Nigeria. The research addresses challenges in accurately measuring the incidence of pregnancy-related hypertension, emphasizing limited access to prenatal care and standardized definitions for pre-eclampsia. Elevated levels of microalbuminuria and ACR in preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertensive cases underscore the link between renal dysfunction and hypertensive disorders. The study reveals a prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive pregnant women and emphasizes the need for early assessment tools. Bivariate correlation analyses show significant associations between ACR and gestational age, microalbuminuria, total cholesterol, and urine creatinine during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses demonstrate promising diagnostic potential for ACR at both trimesters. The distribution of ACR values across age groups provides insights into potential variations in renal function based on maternal age. Notably, severe preeclampsia is associated with higher ACR levels, suggesting its role in indicating the severity of renal involvement. Despite the study's shortcomings, which include its insufficient sampling size, the findings highlight ACR's potential as a valuable marker for renal function and risk stratification in hypertensive pregnant patients.

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