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Nutraceutical Potential of Jatropha tanjorensis Stem: Comprehensive Nutritional Characterization and Heavy Metal Risk Assessment

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Chemistry Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja, Nigeria
  • 2Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex Abuja, Nigeria
  • 3Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex Abuja, Nigeria
  • 4Biotechnology Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex Abuja, Nigeria
  • 5Biochemistry Department, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
  • 6Biochemistry Department, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria
  • 7Chemistry Advanced Research Centre, Sheda Science and Technology Complex, Abuja, Nigeria

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 16, Issue (3), Pages 18-22, October,18 (2026)

Abstract

Jatropha tanjorensis is a medicinal plant frequently consumed as a vegetable in Nigeria, yet the nutritional value of this plant's stems remains largely unknown. This study evaluated the proximate and mineral composition of Jatropha tanjorensis stem to assess its nutraceutical potential. Stems were collected, authenticated, dried, and pulverized. Proximate analysis was conducted using standard analytical methods, and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to quantify mineral elements. The stem contained high carbohydrate (43.93%) and crude fiber (20.90%) levels, indicating strong potential as an energy and dietary fiber source. Lipid content was appreciable (13.73%), with moderate ash (7.53%) and moisture (10.76%). Protein was relatively low (3.15%). Mineral analysis revealed exceptionally high calcium (1190.75 mg/100 g) and potassium (1003.1 mg/100 g), alongside appreciable magnesium (63.65 mg/100g). Trace elements included iron (58.83 mg/100 g), copper (27.62 mg/100g), and zinc (4.43 mg/100g). However, lead was detected at 15.70 mg/100 g, exceeding the WHO safety limits, while cadmium, nickel, and cobalt were below detection limits. Overall, the stem of Jatropha tanjorensis shows considerable nutraceutical potential due to its carbohydrate, fiber, and mineral content, particularly calcium and potassium. Nonetheless, the elevated lead concentration presents a considerable health hazard, highlighting the urgent need for safety assessments and possible detoxification methods before consumption.

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