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Unveiling the physicochemical behaviour of homoeopathic dilutions of acidum phosphoricum at different temperatures by using volumetric, acoustic and viscometric properties

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi – 110 003, India
  • 2Department of Chemistry, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi – 110 003, India
  • 3Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi – 110 058, India
  • 4Nehru Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, University of Delhi, New Delhi – 110024, India

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 15, Issue (2), Pages 41-65, June,18 (2025)

Abstract

The physicochemical studies of homoeopathic medicines can provide better understanding regarding the presence and mechanism of their action in ultra-dilutions. The physicochemical behaviour of dilutions of acidum phosphoricum have been investigated from the measurements of densities, , ultrasonic speeds, u and viscosities,  of pure ethanol control and 33dilutions of acidum phosphoricum of potencies ranging from 1C to 200C (with intervals of 2C up to 30C and then with intervals of 10 C up to 200 C) at six different temperatures and atmospheric pressure. From the experimental data, a number of physicochemical parameters, viz., the isentropic compressibilities, s, intermolecular free length, Lf, acoustic impedance, Z, relative association, RA, deviations in isentropic compressibility, s, deviations in intermolecular free length, Lf, deviations in acoustic impedance, Z and deviations in viscosity,  have been evaluated. These parameters show anomalous behaviour at certain potencies, viz., 1C, 6C, 8C, 12C, 22C, 70C, 80C, 100C, 120C and 170C to 180C, of these homoeopathic dilutions. The results have been qualitatively discussed in terms of interactions between H+/phosphate ions and dissipative structures of ethanol-water molecules in these acidum phosphoricum dilutions. The results indicated that that even in extreme dilutions the molecules of acidum phosphoricum may be present in these homoeopathic dilutions.

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