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Quantum Entanglement and the Nature of Reality: Philosophical Implications of Non-Locality and Observer Dependence

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Physics, Veer Kunwar Singh University, Ara, Bihar, India

Res. J. Physical Sci., Volume 14, Issue (2), Pages 29-32, August,4 (2026)

Abstract

Quantum entanglement presents one of the most striking departures from classical intuitions about the physical world. It reveals correlations between spatially separated particles that cannot be explained within the framework of local realism. Experimental violations of Bell's inequalities have firmly established that such correlations are not merely theoretical curiosities but reflect the structure of nature itself. At the same time, the observer-dependent aspects of quantum mechanics complicate the picture further, as the act of measurement appears to play an active role in determining outcomes. Together, these features raise important philosophical questions about the independence of physical systems, the nature of causality, and the status of objective reality. Various interpretations of quantum mechanics—such as the Copenhagen interpretation, Many-Worlds interpretation, and relational approaches—offer different ways of understanding these issues, yet none provides a universally accepted resolution. This paper examines how entanglement and observer dependence jointly challenge classical realism and suggests that reality may be better understood as relational, contextual, and fundamentally interconnected.

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