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Cytogenotoxicity evaluation of Flucloxacillin using the Allium cepa assay

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Institute of Teacher Education and Information Technology, Southern Philippines Agri-business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Malita Davao Occidental Philippines
  • 2Institute of Teacher Education and Information Technology, Southern Philippines Agri-business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Malita Davao Occidental Philippines
  • 3Research and Laboratory Services Center (RLSC), Southern Philippines Agri-business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Malita Davao Occidental Philippines

Int. Res. J. Medical Sci., Volume 13, Issue (1), Pages 1-7, February,28 (2025)

Abstract

This study investigated the cytogenotoxic effects of flucloxacillin capsules, an antibiotic used to treat skin infections, using the Allium cepa assay. Different concentrations of flucloxacillin (50 ppm, 125 ppm, 250 ppm, and 500 ppm) were applied to assess their impact on root length, mitotic index, and chromosomal aberrations during a 96-hour exposure period. The results revealed a concentration-dependent root growth inhibition, indicating a dose-response relationship. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences (P < 0.05) in root length among the tested concentrations. Moreover, as flucloxacillin concentrations increased, there was an observed decrease in the mitotic index, suggesting a cytotoxic effect. Some chromosomal aberrations, including vagrant chromosomes, bridges, fragments, and sticky chromosomes, were observed, with bridges and fragments being predominant at lower concentrations. These findings highlighted the potential genotoxicity of flucloxacillin and emphasized the utility of the Allium cepa assay for monitoring the adverse effects of antibiotics, such as flucloxacillin. This study reported the cytogenotoxic effect of flucloxacillin, a known antibiotic for treating common skin infections. The findings can be utilized as a to revisit tentative cytogenotoxic properties of flucloxacillin.

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