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Towards Embracing sewage Stabilization ponds for Sewage effluent Treatment for small communities: A review

Author Affiliations

  • 1 University of Eldoret, Department of Biological Sciences, 1125-30100, Eldoret, KENYA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 4, Issue (5), Pages 91-95, May,22 (2015)

Abstract

One of the biggest challenges facing the world today is management of waste water particularly due to pressures imposed by population growth and rapid urbanization. In most countries, the few sewerage systems that are present serve only the formal urban population while in the informal settings and areas that are far flung from the cities, raw sewage is left to run in the open most often joining the natural waterways. In order to address this challenge, other sewage water treatment options must be developed and adopted for protection of the environment. Sewage stabilization ponds (SSPs) are artificially constructed ponds or wetlands that use natural purification processes to purify sewage water. They are simple to construct and maintain and have low capital investment and annual running costs. The SSPs are used to retain sewage waters can become stabilized before being discharged into receiving water bodies. The main aim of this review paper was to assess scientific knowledge of SSPs in treatment of sewage in order to evaluate their applicability in treatment of sewage in the informal settlements and for small communities. This document does not provide the actual design of these ponds but rather is a review that can be useful to public works engineers and researchers to assess the feasibility of SSPs especially for stabilization of sewage effluents in areas that are far-flung from the central conventional sewage treatment systems.

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