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Assessment of Stormwater accumulation and Urban Flood Hazard in Samarkand City Using Remote Sensing, GIS Technologies and the SWMM Model

Author Affiliations

  • 1Samarkand State Technical University, Lolazor Street, Samarkand 140143, Uzbekistan

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 15, Issue (4), Pages 106-111, October,22 (2026)

Abstract

Rapid urban expansion, increasing impervious cover and the growing variability of precipitation make stormwater management a pressing issue for the cities of Central Asia. This study assesses stormwater accumulation and the resulting flood hazard in Samarkand city (Uzbekistan) by integrating satellite remote sensing data, GIS-based spatial analysis and the EPA Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Land cover, imperviousness and surface topography derived from remote sensing products were used to delineate urban subcatchments and parameterise the hydrological model. Four design-storm scenarios of 120 minutes duration were generated with the Alternating Block Method (ABM); peak intensities ranged from about 102 to 120 mm/h. The 2025 climatic record shows a strongly seasonal regime: roughly 285 mm of annual precipitation, of which about 91% fell between December and May, and a single month (December) contributed about 35% of the annual total. Modelled flood hazard was classified into five classes (very low to very high). Under the least severe scenario, high and very high hazard zones covered about 9% of the study area, rising to about 32% under the most severe scenario, while the very high class grew from about 1% to 15%. The results demonstrate that a combined RS-GIS-SWMM workflow is an effective and low-cost tool for identifying drainage bottlenecks and prioritising stormwater infrastructure and low-impact development (LID) measures in semi-arid cities.

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