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Fractionation and biodisponibility of phosphorus in the sediments of the river Mékrou

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matériaux et Modélisation Moléculaire (LCP3M), Unité de recherche de Chimie Inorganique, Ingénierie des Matériaux et Environnement (URCIIME), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université d’Abomey - Calavi , République du Bénin
  • 2Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matériaux et Modélisation Moléculaire (LCP3M), Unité de recherche de Chimie Inorganique, Ingénierie des Matériaux et Environnement (URCIIME), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université d’Abomey - Calavi , République du Bénin
  • 3Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matériaux et Modélisation Moléculaire (LCP3M), Unité de recherche de Chimie Inorganique, Ingénierie des Matériaux et Environnement (URCIIME), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université d’Abomey - Calavi , République du Bénin
  • 4Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matériaux et Modélisation Moléculaire (LCP3M), Unité de recherche de Chimie Inorganique, Ingénierie des Matériaux et Environnement (URCIIME), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques (FAST), Université d’Abomey - Calavi , République du Bénin
  • 5Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée (LERCA), Ecole polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi (EPAC), Université d’Abomey- Calavi, République du Bénin

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 14, Issue (1), Pages 30-42, January,22 (2025)

Abstract

The watershed of the Mekrou River is a large cotton production area where there is an overuse of agricultural inputs. This exaggerated use of agricultural fertilizers is likely to lead to phosphorus pollution of this river. The objective of this research work is to study the fractionation of phosphorus in the sediments of the Mekrou River to assess its bioavailability. For this, samples were taken from eight sites along the Mekrou River in two campaigns. The physicochemical parameters as well as the total phosphorus content and its fractionation were determined. The results obtained reveal a high rate of total phosphorus in the sediments, which amounts to 3465.73 µg/g of sediment on average for the two campaigns, indicating phosphorus pollution. Similarly, the total phosphorus content increases from 3016.58µg/g in December 2021 to 3914.88µg/g in February 2022. The fractionation results are as follows: labile P (0.41% of total P), Fe-P (1.68% of Ptotal), Al-P (0.23% of Ptotal), Ca-P (0.20% of Ptotal) Porg (15.43% of Ptotal) and P-residual (82.04% of Ptotal). The directly assimilable labile fraction is low, but the relatively high proportion of the organic fraction constitutes a danger for the watercourse because under certain optimal conditions, it can end up in the water column through the phenomenon of salting out and contribute to the eutrophication. To effectively assess the pollution rate of this river, it is desirable to study the effect of pH on the release of phosphorus and also to conduct the same study on the other pollutants in this river. The same studies could be carried out on other rivers in Benin whose watersheds are agricultural production areas.

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