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Morpho-anatomical Characterization and Biochemical Profiling of Two Lichen Species, Physmabyrsaeum (Ach.) Tuck and Leptogium azureum (Sw. ex Ach.) Mont., collected from Mount Banahaw de Lucban, Quezon Province, Philippines

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Bacolor, Pampanga 2001, Philippines
  • 2Department of Biology, Institute of Arts and Sciences, Mabalacat City College, Mabalacat City, Pampanga2010, Philippines

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 14, Issue (1), Pages 19-29, January,22 (2025)

Abstract

Lichens are renowned for their diverse secondary metabolites with diverse bioactivities and uses. This study generally aimed to characterize and determine the phytochemical constituents of two lichen species purposively collected from Mount Banahaw de Lucban. Morpho-anatomical and chemical characterization identified the specimens as Physmabyrsaeum and Leptogium azureum. The lichens were then subsequently extracted with two different extracts of acetone and dichloromethane to obtain polar and non-polar phytochemical constituents. The phytochemical screening by test tube reaction showed presence of potent alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, anti-oxidant rich flavonoids, foaming saponins, condensed tannins, and aromatic terpenoids. Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) also revealed the presence of various lichen products that could possibly belong to substance class anthraquinones, xanthones, pulvinic and usnic acid derivatives, β-Orcinol depsides and terpenoids and infrequent substances napthaquinone, bi- and diphenyl. In conclusion, collected lichens of P. byrsaeum and L. azureum from Mount Banahaw de Lucban showed substantial presence of phytochemicals that may contribute valuable insights for their chemical diversity.

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