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Heavy metal composition in recycled metal slag in dumpsites and immediate soils in two industrial towns in Southwest Nigeriaq

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biological Science, Lagos State University of Science and Technology, Ikorodu – Lagos, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Lagos State University of Science and Technology, Ikorodu – Lagos, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Chemical Science, Lagos State University of Science and Technology, Ikorodu – Lagos, Nigeria

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 14, Issue (1), Pages 1-9, January,22 (2025)

Abstract

The scrap metal recycling processes produce solid, liquid and gaseous wastes among which is a large quantity of solid slag. This study assessed heavy metal (HM) contents in waste slag dumpsites and their immediate soils in two industrial towns in South western Nigeria. Five slag dump sites were selected each in Odoguyan, Lagos State and Ogijo, Ogun State, for this study denoted OD1-OD5 and OG1-OG5 respectively. Samples of slag and immediate topsoil from each location and a control soil from a remote location (X) were randomly collected in three replicates. These were analysed for Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Fe and Ni using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (Perkin Elmer Win Lab AA). Data analysis was conducted using ANOVA, while mean separation was by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P≤0.05. The Result showed that the lowest mean HM contents occurred in the control soil samples with only Pb being significantly lower (P ≤ .05). Significantly highest mean concentration of all six metals (P ≤ .05) occurred in the slag in Odogunyan, each in different sites, except Cu and Pb where both were highest at OD2. In Odoguyan soil, mean Cu and Cr in all sites were significantly higher (P ≤ .05) than values obtained in both slag and soil of all sites at Ogijo. Higher mean HM levels in slag did not result in equally higher values in the soil of corresponding sites at Odoguyan. In Ogijo, higher mean HMs also occurred in the slag, except for Cd in all soils and Cu in soils at OG4 and OG5, which were significantly higher (P ≤ .05) than those in the slag. Higher mean Fe and Pb in slag in locations OG3 and OG5 resulted in higher mean contents in their immediate soils, although values in the slag were significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, the mean Cd and Fe contents in the soil of all sites and Cr in OD3 exceeded the limit set by the Federal Ministry of Environment of Nigeria for arable soils, indicating serious health risks in these locations. Treatment and large-scale utilisation of slag are recommended to prevent such risks.

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