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Source apportionment and short-term variation of Black Carbon and PM2.5 during Diwali Festivals over an industrial city in India

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur 831014, Jharkhand, India
  • 2Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur 831014, Jharkhand, India
  • 3Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur 831014, Jharkhand, India
  • 4Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur 831014, Jharkhand, India

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 13, Issue (3), Pages 11-19, July,22 (2024)

Abstract

Fireworks play an important role in impacting the quality of air, which is experienced in the Diwali festival, where majority of population celebrate the festival with burning of crackers and oil lamps. The investigation is taken to challenge the variability, source apportionment of Black Carbon (BC) and PM2.5 during Diwali Festivals in 2020 and 2021 over an industrial city. This monitoring was conducted during two Diwali periods (DP1 and DP2), in which observations were made for 4 consecutive days i.e., Before-Diwali, Diwali, Chota-Diwali, After-Diwali. The level of BC ranged from 2.15 to 136.9μg m-3 and 2.5 to 185.6μg m-3 in DP1 and DP2 respectively. The concentration of BC in DP1 was found to be lower compared to DP2 due to less pre-suspended particulate matter after the first Covid19 waves. Likewise, there was a reduced concentration of PM2.5 at DP1 varied from 15.4 to 281.4μg m−3 as compared to DP2 ranged from 17.6 to 322.3μg m−3. The average BC was found to be 7.1, 14.38, 13.5, and 9.1μg m-3 in DP1 whereas 8.5, 17.4, 15.5 and 11.9μg m-3 in DP2 during consecutive days respectively. The source apportionment of BCBB and BCFF ratio was observed 39:61 and 46:54 in DP1 and DP2 respectively which indicates the larger bursting of crackers in DP2.

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