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Diversity of endophilic mosquitoes in three local government areas of Kano State, Northwest Nigeria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
  • 4Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Federal University Dutse, P.M.B. 7156, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 15, Issue (2), Pages 1-8, May,10 (2026)

Abstract

Nigeria hosts a high diversity of mosquito species, with over 100 recorded, primarily form genera like Anopheles, Culex, Aedes and Mansonia. Kano State urban-rural mix supports diverse mosquito habitats such as stagnant water, irrigation canals, urban puddles and open drainages. This study assess the diversity of endophilic mosquito species in some rural, semi-urban and urban areas of Kano State, including Babban Gura in Makoda Local Government Area (LGA), Unguwar Fulani in Wudil LGA, and Darmanawa in Tarauni LGA respectively. Mosquitoes were collected using the Pyrethrum spray collection method once in a month from each site over twelve-month period, from August 2023 to July 2024. The collected mosquitoes were identified morphologically using reported taxonomic guides. Density, species richness, Shannon’s index, and Simpson’s index were employed to evaluate the diversity of the identified mosquitoes. A total of 2,521 mosquitoes were collected, representing 21 species across 6 genera. The highest number of mosquito species was collected from Darmanawa, followed by Unguwar Fulani. Culexpipiens was a frequently species while Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles gambiae were common species. Endophilic mosquitoes exhibited greater diversity in May, June, and January particularly in Babban Gura during the dry season. However, highest species richness was recorded in January while no species richness was recorded in September, November and June. The high diversity indices of Shannon and Simpson recorded in the study pointed out that most of the species were represented and randomly sampled.

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