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In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of stem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
  • 2Pasteur Institute of Côte d'Ivoire, Immunity Biology Pole, PO BOX 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire
  • 3Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire
  • 4Laboratory of Biology and Health, Unit of –Biochemical-Pharmacodynamics, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, PO BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 14, Issue (1), Pages 32-37, February,10 (2025)

Abstract

Thrombotic diseases, i.e. diseases related to blood clotting, are currently a major health problem and one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In this study, the anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of stem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii were evaluated. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated on citrated and depleted plasma using two chronometric tests: prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). The phytochemical screening of extracts was carried out using specific reagents and the antioxidant activity was determined by the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The results indicate that the aqueous stem bark extract of Piliostigma thonningii at 80 and 100mg/mL showed significant anticoagulant activity in aPTT test, while no significant effect was observed in PT test. Concerning the hydroethanolic one, the clotting time was significantly prolonged in PT and aPTT tests at concentrations of 80 and 100 mg/mL. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, quinones and alkaloids in aqueous and hydroethanolicstem bark extracts of Piliostigma thonningii. Moreover, both extracts exhibited DPPH scavenging activity with antiradical power (AP) of 5.32 ± 0.03µmol/mg for aqueous (IC50 = 18.8 ± 0.12µg/mL) and 8.6 ± 0.33 µmol/mg for hydroethanolic extract (IC50 = 11.67 ± 0.44µg/mL).

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