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Unraveling the Mystery of multiple suspicious Deaths in wells: Case Studies of forensic investigation in four Districts of Chhattisgarh, India

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Author Affiliations

  • 1District Scene of Crime Mobile Unit, Korba, Home Police Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, India
  • 2Centre for Woman Studies and UNESCO Chair, Canada, Community Based Participatory Research Mentor of Sangawari Hub (CWS), Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
  • 3State Forensic Science Laboratory, Raipur, Home Police Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, India
  • 4Reginal Forensic Science Laboratory, Ambikapur, Sarguja, Home Police Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, India
  • 5State Forensic Science Laboratory, Raipur, Home Police Department, Government of Chhattisgarh, India

Res. J. Forensic Sci., Volume 13, Issue (2), Pages 16-22, July,29 (2025)

Abstract

Chhattisgarh, a predominantly agriculture-based state in India, heavily relies on various irrigation methods, with wells being a vital resource for farmers growing vegetables. However, the widespread practice of well digging poses significant safety risks. This study investigates a series of fatal incidents in the districts of Janjgir Champa, Korba, Bemetara, and Bilaspur, where individuals entered wells for maintenance or rescue operations and succumbed to suffocation, resulting in 13 deaths. Utilizing empirical methods, which is a vital part of forensic investigation technique in such case studies. The present research investigation examines the lack of oxygen in wells through combustion tests using materials such as candles and matchsticks. Findings reveal that individuals descending beyond eight feet into the wells face a dangerous drop in oxygen levels, leading to unconsciousness and drowning. Case studies from Janjgir Champa, Korba, Bemetara and Bilaspur districts underscore the recurring hazards associated with such practices. Additionally, the study highlights the presence of hazardous gases like methane and hydrogen sulfide etc. in water wells, which exacerbate the dangers for individuals entering these confined spaces. The deaths documented were largely due to asphyxia, as confirmed by autopsy reports. This research stresses the urgent need for increased awareness, safety protocols, and preventive measures to mitigate the risks associated with well-related agricultural practices in Chhattisgarh, aiming to prevent further loss of life.

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