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Determination of Multidrug-resistant Livestock associated Bacteria from Goats, Cows, and Buffaloes in Pokhara Kaski, Nepal

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Prithvi Narayan Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal
  • 2Department of Microbiology, Prithvi Narayan Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal
  • 3Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal

Res. J. Animal, Veterinary and Fishery Sci., Volume 12, Issue (2), Pages 14-17, November,24 (2024)

Abstract

Misuse of antibiotics in people and animals resulted in bacteria becoming resistant to several drugs. Antibiotic abuse is likely rampant among goats, cows, and buffaloes in order to boost growth and reduce production losses. The aim of this study is to determine the multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in goats, cows, and buffaloes. Out of 68 samples that were examined, S. aureus, Bacillus spp., E. coli, Shigella spp., Klebsiella spp., S. epidremidis, and Salmonella spp. were isolated. S. aureus was the most isolated bacteria (91.17%), followed by Bacillus spp. (61.76%), E. coli (48.52%), Shigella spp. (22.05%), Klebsiella spp. (17.64%), S. epidermidis (13.23%), and Salmonella spp. (7.35%). Multidrug resistance was demonstrated by Salmonella spp. and E. coli to at least four antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Piperacillin, and Ciprofloxacin) and to at least three antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, and Nalidic Acid). The highest-resistant bacteria, Salmonella spp., showed (57.14%) E. coli and Bacillus spp. showed (42.85%), S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and Shigella spp. showed (28.57%), and Klebsiella spp. showed (14.28%). This study demonstrated that healthy farm animals like goats, cows, and buffaloes harbor large concentrations of antibiotic-resistant bacteria that are resistant to tetracycline, amoxicillin, and penicillin. This will probably mean fewer options for antibiotic therapy—for both humans and animals. Therefore, there needs to be tight regulation over the usage, distribution, storage, and sale of antibiotics in veterinary offices.

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