@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Isolation of indigenous glyphosate degrading microbes from selected agro ecological zones of Malawi<#LINE#>Samuel @Mwafulirwa,George @Obiero,Placid @Mpeketula,Gabriel @Aboge <#LINE#>1-8<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2017-087.pdf<#LINE#>Ministry of Agriculture, Chitedze Agricultural Research Station box 158 Lilongwe, Malawi@Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Nairobi P.O BOX 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya@University of Malawi, chancellor college box 208 Zomba, Malawi@CAVS University of Nairobi P.O BOX 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya<#LINE#>24/10/2017<#LINE#>18/11/2017<#LINE#>Weed infestation is one of the remarkably causes for the decrease in yield and yield components for all type crops in Malawi. To minimize losses herbicides control like glyphosate is used because it surpasses other methods employed by farmers since it’s supported by the current strategy of green revolution techniques, timely and cheap. The residuals of glyphosate compounds have an impact and effect on immunity, bio argumentation, bio-magnification, and environment. It is therefore important to investigate synchronized strategies that can degrade of glyphosate because no study has been performed showing prospect microbes in bioremediation study in Malawi. Microbes were isolated for their capacity to utilize glyphosate as sole carbon and phosphorous source complimented by presence of laccase gene. Biochemical test and molecular characterization using 16S rDNA and 18S rDNA genes for bacteria and fungus respectively were used in identification and this was supplemented by testing for the presence of Plant Growth Promoting (PGP). Several fungi and bacteria were found to degrade glyphosate; Mucor irregularis, Fusarium oxysporum, Meyerozyma caribbica, Aspergillus parasiticus for fungus and genus Achromobacter and Enterobacter and for bacteria. 90 % of strains had PGP traits besides potential in bioremediation. The study also adds new strains that can be used in degradation of glyphosate.<#LINE#>Gupta G., Parihar S.S., Ahirwar N.K., Snehi S.K. and Singh V. (2015).@Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Current and Future Prospects for Development of Sustainable Agriculture.@J Microb Biochem Technol., 7(2), 96-102. doi:10.4172/1948-5948.1000188.@Yes$Saiyad S.A., Jhala Y.K. and Vyas R.V. (2015).@Comparative efficiency of five potash and phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their key enzymes useful for enhancing and improvement of soil fertility.@Int J Sci Res Pub, 5(2), 1-6.@Yes$Zea MA. Y Ield and Y Ield C Omponents (2016), 729-736. doi:10.1590/S0100-83582016340400013.@undefined@undefined@No$Kearney P.C. and Roberts T. (1998).@Pesticide remediation in soils and water.@John Wiley & Sons Ltd.@Yes$Kucharski M., Dzi&#261;gwa M. and Sadowski J. (2014).@Monitoring of acetochlor residues in soil and maize grain supported by the laboratory study.@Plant, Soil and Environment, 60(11), 496-500.@Yes$Katholm C.L. (2016).@Effects of Roundup (glyphosate) on gut microorganisms of farm animals (Doctoral dissertation.@MSc Thesis. Aarhus University, Department of Animal Science).@Yes$Thatheyus A.J. and Selvam A.D.G. (2013).@Synthetic pyrethroids: toxicity and biodegradation.@Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 1(3), 33-36.@Yes$Ahmad F., Ahmad I. and Khan M.S. (2008).@Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple plant growth promoting activities.@Microbiological research, 163(2), 173-181.@Yes$Johal G.S. and Huber D.M. (2009).@Glyphosate effects on diseases of plants.@European Journal of agronomy, 31(3), 144-152.@Yes$Eman A., Abdel-Megeed A., Suliman A.A., Sadik M.W. and Sholkamy E.N. (2013).@Biodegradation of glyphosate by fungal strains isolated from herbicides polluted-soils in Riyadh area.@Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci, 2(8), 359-381.@Yes$Beres K.K. (2016).@The toxicity of glyphosate &#8208; based herbicides to soil bacteria and freshwater crustaceans.@@No$Carvalho F.P. (2017).@Pesticides, environment, and food safety.@Food and Energy Security, 6(2), 48-60.@Yes$Singh R. (2014).@Microorganism as a tool of bioremediation technology for cleaning environment: a review.@Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 4(1), 1.@Yes$D@Role of autochthonous filamentous fungi in bioremediation of a soil historically contaminated with aromatic hydrocarbons.@Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 72(1), 28-36.@Yes$Ahuja S.K., Ferreira G.M. and Moreira A.R. (2004).@Utilization of enzymes for environmental applications.@Critical reviews in biotechnology, 24(2-3), 125-154.@Yes$Shamsuddeen U. and Inuwa A.B. (2013).@Utilization of cypermethrin by bacteria isolated from irrigated soils.@Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 6(2), 19-22.@Yes$Akbar S., Sultan S. and Kertesz M. (2015).@Determination of cypermethrin degradation potential of soil bacteria along with plant growth-promoting characteristics.@Current microbiology, 70(1), 75-84.@Yes$Singh N. and Abraham J. (2013).@Isolation of laccase producing fungus from compost soil and partial characterization of laccase.@Advances in Applied Science Research, 4(5), 91-98.@Yes$Liu M., Liu X., Cheng B.S., Ma X.L., Lyu X.T., Zhao X.F. and Fang Y.L. (2016).@Selection and evaluation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from grapevine rhizospheres for use as biofertilizers.@Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 14(4), 1106.@Yes$Nourouzi M.M., Chuah T.G., Choong T.S. and Lim C.J. (2011).@Glyphosate utilization as the source of carbon: isolation and identification of new bacteria.@Journal of Chemistry, 8(4), 1582-1587.@Yes$Hindumathy C.K. and Gayathri V. (2013).@Effect of pesticide (chlorpyrifos) on soil microbial flora and pesticide degradation by strains isolated from contaminated soil.@J Bioremed Biodeg, 4(2), 1-6.@Yes$Viswanath B., Rajesh B., Janardhan A., Kumar A.P. and Narasimha G. (2014).@Fungal laccases and their applications in bioremediation.@Enzyme research.@Yes$Castilho F.J., Torres R.A., Barbosa A.M., Dekker R.F. and Garcia J.E. (2009).@On the diversity of the laccase gene: a phylogenetic perspective from Botryosphaeria rhodina (Ascomycota: Fungi) and other related taxa.@Biochemical genetics, 47(1-2), 80.@Yes$Sprankle P., Meggitt W.F. and Penner D. (1975).@Adsorption, mobility, and microbial degradation of glyphosate in the soil.@Weed Science, 23(3), 229-234. URL&#8239;: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4042279. 2017;23(3):229-234.@Yes$Yang C., Shen S., Wang M. and Li J. (2013).@Mild salinization stimulated glyphosate degradation and microbial activities in a riparian soil from Chongming Island, China.@Journal of environmental biology, 34(2 suppl), 367.@Yes$Neumann D., Heuer A., Hemkemeyer M., Martens R. and Tebbe C.C. (2014).@Importance of soil organic matter for the diversity of microorganisms involved in the degradation of organic pollutants.@The ISME journal, 8(6), 1289-1300. doi:10.1038/ismej.2013.233.@Yes$Ogot H.A., Boga H.I., Budambula N., Tsanuo M., Andika D.O. and Ogola H.J. (2013).@Isolation , characterization and identification of roundup degrading bacteria from the soil and gut of Macrotermes michaelseni.@1(1), 31-38.@Yes$Kryuchkova Y.V., Burygin G.L., Gogoleva N.E., Gogolev Y.V., Chernyshova M.P., Makarov O.E. and Turkovskaya O.V. (2014).@Isolation and characterization of a glyphosate-degrading rhizosphere strain, Enterobacter cloacae K7.@Microbiological research, 169(1), 99-105. doi:10.1016/j.micres.2013.03.002.@Yes$Rohilla S.K. and Salar R.K. (2012).@Isolation and characterization of various fungal strains from agricultural soil contaminated with pesticides.@Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1, 297-303. ISSN, 2277, 2502.@Yes$Figueroa del Castillo L., Melgarejo P., Rocío M., Fuentes de Piedrahíta C.L. and Lozano de Yunda A. (2010).@14C-glyphosate mineralization and follow up of the dynamics of Pseudomonas sp. populations in three soils under different uses in Tolima (Colombia).@Agronomía Colombiana, 28(3), 403-410.@Yes$Zhao H., Tao K., Zhu J., Liu S., Gao H. and Zhou X. 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@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Analysis of banned organochlorine pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable samples from a market in shillong, Meghalaya, using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry<#LINE#>Balawan Joshua @Mawrie,Dipyendu @Paul <#LINE#>9-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2017-089.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Environmental Studies, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022., Meghalaya, India@Department of Environmental Studies, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793022., Meghalaya, India<#LINE#>26/10/2017<#LINE#>23/11/2017<#LINE#>In this study, six fruits and vegetable products (apple, grapes, tomato, lettuce, potato and cabbage) were collected from Iewduh market in Shillong which is the state capital of Meghalaya, India, and were tested to reveal whether they were contaminated with organochlorine pesticides which are banned under Indian Law for posing a threat to the health of humans as well as the environment. For the purpose of this study three banned organochlorines: dieldrin, heptachlor and endosulfan were chosen. A standard operating procedure using Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry was employed for their analysis.<#LINE#>Garcai P.F., Ascencio C.Y., Oyarzun G.C.J., Hernandez C.A. and Alavarado V.P. (2012).@Pesticides: classification, uses and toxicity. Measures of exposure and genotoxic risks.@Journal of Research in Environmentl Science and Toxicology (ISSN: 2315-5698), 1(11), 279-293.@Yes$Dent D. (1991).@Insect Pest Management: Insecticides.@C.A.B International, 146-147. ISBN: 0-85198-667-6.@No$http://cibrc.nic.in/list_pest_bann.html. Retrieved on 10.10.2017.@undefined@undefined@No$Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (2002).@Toxicological Profile for Aldrin and Dieldrin.@U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1-4.@No$US Department of Health and Human Services (2005).@Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2007.@Case Studies in Envionmental medicin-Lead toxicity. ATSDR Publication ATSDR-HE-CS-2001-0001.@Yes$Naiar S.A., Tom T.T. and Pradeep T. (2003).@Detection and Extraction of Endosulfan by Metal Nanoparticles.@J. Environmenta Monit., 5(2), 363-365.@Yes$Department of Health and Family Welfare, Report on Health Effects of Endosulfan and Progress of Rehabilitation Activities in Kerala (2011).@Endosulfan The Kerela Story.@Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Kerala, 9.@No$Press Information Bureau (2014).@Ban on Endosulphan. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.@Retrived on 19.10.2017 http://pib.nic.in/newsite/ PrintRelease.aspx?relid=107462.@No$Census (2011).@Shillong City Census 2011 data.@http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/187-shillong.html.@No$Sneddon J., Masuram S. and Richert C.J. (2007).@Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry- Basic Principles, Instrumentation and Selected Applications for Detection of Organic Compounds.@Analytical Letters (ISSN: 0003-2719), 40(6), 1003-1012.@Yes$Hussain Z.S. and Maqbool K.M. (2014).@GC-MS: Principle, Technique and its application in Food Science.@INT CURR SCI, 13(E), 116-126.@Yes$Bhuvaneshwari R. and Rajendran B.R. (2012).@GCMS Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPS) in Fish from River Cauvery and Veeranam Lake.@E-Journal of Chemistry, 9(4), 2346-2353.@Yes$Press Trust of India. (2016).@Use of pesticides elsewhere allowed in India.@Business Lines, The Hindu, 1. Retrieve on 13.10.2017. http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/ economy/agri-business/use-of-51-pesticides-banned-elsewhere-allowed-in-india-centre-tells-high-court/article 9416251.ece@No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Medicinal plants of genus Ipomoea found in Uttar-Pradesh, India<#LINE#>Deepa @Srivastava <#LINE#>12-22<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2017-071.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Botany, D.D.U Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, UP, India<#LINE#>14/8/2017<#LINE#>21/11/2017<#LINE#>About 600-700 species of Ipomoea, Convolvulaceae, are found throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Several of them have been used as ornamental plants, food, medicines or in religious ritual. These species are used for the treatment of several diseases, such as, fatigue, inflammations, hypertension, diabetes, dysentery, constipation, rheumatism, arthritis, rheumatism, meningitis, and hydrocephaly. Some of these species showed antimicrobial, anticoagulant, analgesic, hypoglycemic and anticancer activities. The present study deals with genus Ipomoea of family Convolvulaceae from various division of Uttar Pradesh. A total 22 species of the genus have been collected from various district of Uttar Pradesh on the basis of collection made from May 2014 till June 2017. The present paper illustrates the synonyms, common name, Taxonomic description, medicinal properties and active ingredients of the Ipomoea species present in this state.<#LINE#>Undirwade D.N., Bhandane V.V. and Baviskar P.S. (2015).@Diversity of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in some region of Maharashtra.@International J. of Life Sciences, Special issue, A3, 136-139.@No$Cronquist A. (1988).@The Evolution and classification of Flowering Plants.@IInd Ed. NYBG, New Tork, U.S.A.@Yes$Mabberley D.J. (1997).@The Plant Book.@2nd edn. Cambridge University Press.@Yes$Oudhia P. (2001).@Major Ipomoea species of Chhattisgarh.@Source: Botanical.com.@No$Sivdasan M. and Mathue P. (1998).@Biodiversity and Taxonomy of tropical plant Calcutta.@Parallel and convergent evolution in the family Convolvulaceae,  201-234.@No$Jangid M.S. and Sharma S.S. 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(2006).@Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities screening of some Brazilian medicinal plants used in Governador Valadares district.@Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 42(2), 195-202.@Yes$Essiett K.N., Anderson and Bala D.N. (2014).@Comparative phytochemical screening, nutritional and anti-nutritional potentials of the stems of three Nigerian medicinal Plants.@(Ipomoea alba Lam.,Ipomoea nil Roth., Ipomoea batats Lam.) European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical sciences, 1(3), 22-34.@No$Morales S.C., Gomez J.C., Gonzalez G.F., Garcia A.D.M., Lorence A. and Miranda R.P. (2012).@Mammalian multidrug resistance Lipopentasaccharide inhibitor from Ipomoea alba seeds.@J. Nat. Prod., 75(9), 1603-1611.@Yes$Khare C.P. (2007).@Indian Medicinal Plants.@Springer Science, NY, 335.@No$Mamum M.M., Billah M.M., Ashek M.A., Ahasan M.M., Hossain M.J. and Sultana T. (2003).@Evaluation of diuretic activity of Ipomoea aquatic in mice model study.@J. Med. 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(2010).@Preliminary Phytochemical screening of Ipomoea obscura(L)- A hepatoprotective medicinal plant.@International Journal of Pharm Tech. Research., 2(4), 2307-2312.@Yes$Selvam N.T. and Acharya M.V. (2015).@Review of Ipomoea pes-tigridis L.Traditional Uses, Botanical Characteristics, Chemistry and Biological Activities.@International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research, 6(12), 1443-1448.@No$Chopra R.N., Nayer S.L. and Chopra I.C. (1956).@Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants.@CSIR. V Ed.  New Delhi, 12, 157.@Yes$Uma R. and Parthipan B. (2015).@Survey on Medico-Botanical climbers in Pazhayaru river bank of Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu.@JMPS, 3(1), 33-36.@Yes$Rekha D., Panneerselvam A. and Thajuddin N. (2014).@Studies on medicinal plants of A.V.V.M. Sri pushpam college campus Thanjavur Dis¬trict of Tamil Nadu, Southern India.@WJPR, 3(5), 785-820.@No$Ramesh R. (2010).@Analgesic effects of the Aqueous Extract of Plant Ipomoea pes-tigridis studied in Abino Mice.@Global Journal of Pharmacology, 4(1), 31-35.@Yes$Chowdhury R.H., Saha R., Minhazul Islam K.M., Fatema K., Afrin F. and Hossain M.M. (2014).@Analgesic and Neuropharmacological effect of Ethyle Acetate Extract of Ipomoea pes-tigridis in Albino Mice.@European Scientific Journal, 10(27), 344-353.@Yes$Begum S.S., Aruna A., Sivakumar T., Premanand C. and Sribhuvanewari C. (2015).@Invitro Cytotoxic Activity on ethanolic Extacts of Leaves of Ipomoea pes-tigridis ( Convolvulaceae) against Liver Hep G2 Cellline.@International Journal of Ayurvedic and herbal Medicine, 5(3), 1778-1784.@Yes$Pratap G.P., Sudarsanam G., Jyoti B., Prasad G.P. and David K.M. (2011).@Ethanopharmacognostical Investigation on Ipomoea pes-tigridis Linn.@International Journal of Phytomedicine, 3(4), 524-539.@Yes$Selvam N.T., Kumar V.K.G. and Acharya M.V. (2017).@Physico-chemical, phytochemical and spectroscopic Characterization of various extracts of leaves and stems of Ipomoea pes-tigridis L.@Advance Pharmaceutical Journal, 2(1), 34-40.@Yes$Ahmed E., Arshad M., Saboor A., Qureshi R., Mustafa G. and Sadiq S. (2013).@Ethanobotanical appraisal and medicinal use of plants in Patriata, New Muree evidence from Pakistan.@Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9, 13.@Yes$Rani A., Pandey S.K. and Singh A.N. (2014).@Documentation of medicinal plants from northern coal fields areas, Singrauli, M.P.@IJBASR, 1(1), 12-18.@No$Rahmatullah M., Ferdausi D., Mollik M.A.H, Azam M.N.K., Taufiq-Ur-Rahman M. and Jahan R. (2009).@Ethnomedicinal Survey of Bheramara Area in Kushtia District, Bangladesh.@American-Eurasian Jour¬nal of Sustainable Agriculture, 3(3), 534-541.@Yes$Hasan S.M.R., Hossain M.M., Raushanara A., Mariam J., Mazum¬der H.E.M. and Rahman S. (2009).@DPPH free radical scavenging activity of some Bangladeshi medicinal plants.@J. Med. Plant Res., 3(11), 875-879.@Yes$Paul D. and Sinha N.S. (2016).@A update on biological activities of medicinal plant Ipomoea quamocilt L.@Tropical plant research, An International Journal, 3(1), 186-190.@Yes$Bhatt M.K., Dholwani K.K. and Saluja A.K. (2011).@Isolation and structure elucidation of Scopoletin from Ipomoea reniformis (Convolvulaceae).@Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 01(05), 138-144.@Yes$Usnale S.V., Garad S.V., Panchal C.V., Poul B.N., Dudhamal S.S. and Thakre C.V. (2009).@Pharmacognostical studies on Ipomea reniformis chois.@International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 1(2), 65-67.@Yes$Jabeen Q. and Aslam N. (2013).@Hypotensive, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE), Inhibitory and Diuretic activities of the Aqueous- methanol Extract of Ipomoea reniformis.@Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(4), 769-776.@Yes$Majmuder S. and Nishteshwar K. (2013).@Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical investigations of Ipomoea sepiaria Koenig Ex. Roxb.@Leaf. International research Journal of Pharmacy, 4(1), 212-217.@No$Senthill J., Rameashkannan M.V. and Mani P. (2016).@Phytochemical profiling of Ethanolic Leaves Extract of Ipomoea separia (Koenig Ex. Roxb).@International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(3), 3140-3147.@Yes$Austin D.F. (2007).@Merremia dissecta (Convolvulaceae): Condiment, Medicine, Ornamental and weed: A Review.@Economic Botany, 61(2), 109-120.@Yes$Austin D.F. (1998).@Xixicamatic or wood rose ( Merremia tuberose, Convolvulaceae): Origin and dispersal.@Economic Botany, 52(4), 412-422.@Yes$Essiet U.A. and Obioboho G.E. (2014).@Phytochemical, Nutrients and Antinutrients of Ipomoea triloba, Ipomoea batata, Ipomoea involucrate leaves.@International Journal of Research, 1(11), 1412-1415.@Yes$Meira M., Silva da E.P., David J.P. and David J.M. (2012).@Review of Genus Ipomoea: Traditional uses, chemistry and biological activities.@Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 22(3), 682-713.@Yes