
	<!DOCTYPE ArticleSet PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD PubMed 2.0//EN" "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query/static/PubMed.dtd">
	<ArticleSet>

	<Article> 

	<Journal> 

	<PublisherName>International Science Community Association</PublisherName>

	<JournalTitle>Research Journal of Recent Sciences</JournalTitle> 

	<Issn>2277 - 2502</Issn>

	<Volume>4</Volume>

	<Issue>3</Issue>

	<PubDate PubStatus="ppublish"> 

	<Year>2015</Year> 

	<Month>March</Month> 

	<Day>2</Day> 

	</PubDate>

	</Journal>



	<ArticleTitle>Importance of Watermark Lossless Compression in Digital Medical Image Watermarking</ArticleTitle> 


	<FirstPage>75</FirstPage>

	<LastPage>79</LastPage>



	<ELocationID EIdType="pii"></ELocationID>

	<Language>EN</Language> 
	<AuthorList>

	
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Zanganeh</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Mohsen</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>New Castle University School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Zanjan, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Farshid</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Norouzi</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Khuram</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Mushtaque</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, PAKISTAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Kamran</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Ahsan</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, PAKISTAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Ahmer</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Umer</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Tekei</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Abdolghader</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Department of   Public Administration, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad   University, Tehran, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Memarzadeh</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Gholamreza.</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Reza</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Najafbeigi</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Mahdi</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Mortazavi</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Management, Institute of Management and Planning Studies, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Elham</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Vahedi</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Executive Master of Business Administration, Alborz, Qazvin, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Zarei</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Mohammadreza</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Dept. of Master of Business Administration, Science and Culture University, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Farzane</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Hemmatian</LastName>

		<Suffix>4</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Dept. Entrepreneurship Management, Tehran University, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Razavi</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Maryam</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Department of industrial management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>AbbasToloie</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Eshlaghy</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Gizem</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>SAYGILI</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Faculty of Education, Süleyman Demirel University, TURKEY </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Khadse</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Shaila</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>LIT, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, MH, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Patil</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>P.V.</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Chemistry, Dr. Ambedkar College, Deekshaboomi, Nagpur, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Panhekar</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Deepa</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Civil lines, Nagpur, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Satpute</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Shridhar</LastName>

		<Suffix>4</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Khodabakhshi</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Faranak</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Islamic Azad University, Astara, IRAN </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Badri</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Abbasi</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Srivastava</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Nitisha</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, U. P., INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Kumar </FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Girjesh</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>MohammadSadegh</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Barkhordari</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Bachelor of Civil Engineering, Isfahan University of technology, Isfahan, IRAN</Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Gran</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Badshah</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Faculty of Computer Systems and Software Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang,TunRazak HighwayGambang, 26300 Kuantan, Pahang MALAYSIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Siau-Chuin</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Liew</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>JasniMohamad</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Zain</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>IzharHisham</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Syifak</LastName>

		<Suffix>4</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Amatul</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Zehra</LastName>

		<Suffix>5</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>

	<Author>

	<CollectiveName></CollectiveName>>

	</Author>

	</AuthorList>


	<PublicationType>Research Paper</PublicationType>


	<History>  
	<PubDate PubStatus="received">
	<Year>2014</Year>
	<Month>5</Month>
	<Day>30</Day>
	</PubDate>
	<PubDate PubStatus="accepted">										
	<Year>2015</Year> 
	<Month>March</Month>									
	<Day>2</Day> 
	</PubDate>

	</History>
	<Abstract>Large size data requires more storage space, communication time, communication bandwidth and degrades host image quality when it is embedded into it as watermark. Lossless compression reduces data size better than lossless one but with permanent loss of important part of data. Data lossless compression reduces data size contrast to lossy one without any data loss. Medical image data is very sensitive and needs lossless compression otherwise it will result in erroneous input for the health recovery process. This paper focuses on Ultrasound medical image region of interest(ROI) lossless compression as watermark using different techniques; PNG, GIF, JPG, JPEG2000 and Lempel Ziv Welsh (LZW). LZW technique was found 86% better than other tabulated techniques. Compression ratio and more bytes reduction were the parameters considered for the selection of better compression technique. In this work LZW has been used successfully for watermark lossless compression to watermark medical images in teleradiology to ensure less payload encapsulation into images to preserve their perceptual and diagnostic qualities unchanged. On the other side in teleradiology the extracted lossless decompressed watermarks ensure the images authentication and their lossless recoveries in case of any tamper occurrences.  </Abstract>

	<CopyrightInformation>Copyright@ International Science Community Association</CopyrightInformation>

	<ObjectList> 
	<Object Type="keyword">
	<Param Name="value"></Param>
	</Object>

	</ObjectList>	

	</Article>

	</ArticleSet>
	