@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Strategic Management of Project Cost Control to Improve Green Project Management<#LINE#>Attariani@Peyman,Afshar@Babak,Mohammad@Aghania,Nabhani@Milad<#LINE#>1-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2013-1097.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Management Limkokwing University, Limkokwing Cyberjaya, MALAYSIA <#LINE#>18/12/2013<#LINE#>25/5/2014<#LINE#>  Green management is a model used to make the best decision regarding a project implementation so that the least environmental damages are resulted. All the management processes are affected by the green notion. It is needed to mention that the green management does not only mean to reduce the impact of activities on environment but means to consider the environment while making decisions. The present paper focuses on strategic management of project cost control to improve project management which has been conducted as a case study in Iran. To achieve the research objectives, the managers’ and project experts’ opinions have been collected via the field method. Therefore, in order to follow the research purposes, the managers’ and project experts’ opinions are used. Also, their opinions are studied in order to determine the research variables. In this research, the statistical population consists of contractors, engineers, and managers of the construction managers who use the green project management in their project. As the findings reveal, applying strategic management affects the index of principles of green project cost control. <#LINE#> @ @ Adizes Ichak, Managing Corporate Lifecycles, Paramus, NJ: Prentice Hall Press, (1999) @No $ @ @ Ajorlu Mansour, Project management, Payam-e-Nour university, (2011) @No $ @ @ Aliverdi R., Moslemi Naeni L. and Salehipour A., Monitoring project duration and cost in a construction project by applying statistical quality control charts, International journal of project management, 31, 3, 411-42 (2013) @No $ @ @ Anbari F., Earned value method and extensions, International journal of project management,34(4), 12-23 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ansari S., Swenson D., Bell J. and Kim W., Best Practice in Target Costing, Management Accounting Quarterly, winter, 4,2, 12-17 (2003) @No $ @ @  Azimisani A., strategic management accounting: implementation and control, World academy of science and technology, 59, 57-62 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ben-Arieh D., Qian L, Activity-based cost management for design anddevelopment stage, International Journal of Production Economics, (2003) @No $ @ @  Brown S.L. and Eisenhardt K.M., Competing on the Edge, Boston MA: Harvard Business School Press (1998) @No $ @ @  Buckingham M. and Loomba A.P.S., Advantageous Cost Structure: A Strategic Costing Case Study, Production and Inventory Management Journal, 1st Quarter, 42, 1, 12-18 (2001) @No $ @ @ Burke R., Project management planning and control techniques, 4th Ed. (2003) @No $ @ @ Callahan Kevin. R. and Brooks Lynne. M., Essentials of strategic management, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. (2004) @No $ @ @ Cheung D.S, Suen H.C.H. and Cheung K.K.W., PPMS: A web-based construction project performance monitoring system, Automation in Construction, 13(3), 361-376 (2004) @No $ @ @  Cieland and  King, System Analysis and Project Management, McGraw Hill (1983) @No $ @ @  David Ben-Arieh and Li Q, Activity-based cost management for design and development stage, International Journal of Production Economics, (2003) @No $ @ @  Amir A Khaliq, Qureshi I.M., Jawad Ali Shah, Suheel Abdullah and Ihsanulhaq, Covariance based BSS Algorithm for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data Source Separation, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(9), 86-91 (2013) @No $ @ @  El Kelety, I.A.E.M.A., Towards a conceptual framework for strategic cost management: The concept, objectives, and instruments: Ph.D. Student at the Chemnitz University of Technology, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Chair of Management Accounting and Controlling (2006 )@No $ @ @  David, Strategic management: Concept and cases, Hardcover, Published March 1st 2006 by prentice Hall, (2000) @No $ @ @  Götze U.K., Ostenrechnung Und Kosten Management., 3. Aufl., Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2004) @No $ @ @  Hansen D.R., Guan L., Mowen M.M., Cost management: Accounting and control, 2 reviews. Six ed. First covers functional-based (2009) @No $ @ @ Harrison, Advanced Project Management, Grower press alder shot (1982) @No $ @ @ Hwang B-G. and Tan J.S., green building project management: obstacles and solutions for sustainable development, Sustainable Development,20, 5, 335-349 (2012) @No $ @ @  Hwang B-G., Wei J.N., Project management knowledge and skills for green construction: overcoming challenges, International journal of project management,31, 2, 272-284 (2013) @No $ @ @  Jackson S., Sawyers R. and Jenkins G., Managerial Accounting: A Focus on Decision Making. 3rd ed., Thomson South-Western, Canada, Toronto (2006) @No $ @ @  Cheng Y.M., An exploration into cost-influencing factors on construction projects, International Journal of Project Management, (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Relationship between Managers' Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Commitment in Governmental Organizations of Iran<#LINE#>FarahabadaiHossein@Shojaee,Hakimeh@Tabatabaei<#LINE#>10-15<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2014-25.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Administration Management, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>5/1/2014<#LINE#>12/4/2014<#LINE#>  This study aims surveying the level of emotional intelligence and its association with organizational commitment in governmental organizations of Iran. The studied population of the research consists of all male and female managers governmental organizations of Iran who are 400 people and considering Cochran formula 197 of them were picked as the sample. The current research is performed using descriptive correlation method and the data was collected by questionnaires. A questionnaire with five components of self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relations management and motivation was used for surveying emotional intelligence and another with three components of affective commitment, continuous commitment and normative commitment was used for surveying commitment. Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients, stepwise regression and linear log were used for analyzing and hypotheses examination. Research results show that managers of governmental organizations of Iran have proper emotional intelligence. Following probing the relationship between emotional intelligence with five components of self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relations management and motivation and managers' commitment, it is also concluded that there is a positive and meaningful relationship associating emotional intelligence and its components with organizational commitment; emotional intelligence's components can predict managers' organizational commitment. <#LINE#> @ @ Gormley Denise K. and Kennerly  Susan, Influence of Work Role and Perceptions of Climate on Faculty Organizational Commitment, Journal of Professional Nursing, 26,(2),  108-115 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ng Thomas W.H. and Feldman Daniel C., Affective organizational commitment and citizenship behavior: Linear and non-linear moderating effects of organizational tenure, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(2), 528-537 (2011) @No $ @ @ Føllesdal Hallvard and Hagtvet Knut., Does emotional intelligence as ability predict transformational leadership?, A multilevel approach, The Leadership Quarterly, 24(5), 747-762 (2013) @No $ @ @ Prentice Catherine and King Brian E.M., Impacts of personality, emotional intelligence and addictiveness on service performance of casino hosts: A hierarchical approach, Journal of Business Research, 66(9), 1637-1643 (2013) @No $ @ @ Furnham A. and Petrides K.V., Triat emotional intelligence and happiness, Social Behavior and Personality, an international journal, 31(8), 815-823 (2003) @No $ @ @ Gallagher E.N. and Vella Brodick D.A., Social Support and emotional intelligence as predictors of subjective well-being, Personality and Individual Differences, 44(7), 1551-1561 (2008) @No $ @ @ Diggins C., Emotional Intelligence: The Key to Effective Performance and to Staying Ahead of the Pack at Times of Organizational Change, Human Resource Management International Digest, 12(1), 33-5 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sillick T.J. and Schutte N.S., Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult Happiness, E Journal of Applied Psychology: Emotional Intelligence, 2(2), 38-48 (2006) @No $ @ @ Rahim M.R., A model of emotional intelligence and conflict management strategies: A study in seven countries, Journal of Organizational Analysis, 10(4),302-326 (2002) @No $ @ @ Modassir A. and Singh T., Relationship of Emotional Intelligence with Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, International Journal of Leadership Studies, 4(1), 3-21 (2008) @No $ @ @ George M., How intelligent are you…really? From IQ to EQ to SQ, with a little intuition along the way, Training and Management Development Methods, 20(4), 425-436 (2006) @No $ @ @ Lindebaum Dirk, Does emotional intelligence moderates the relationship between mental health and job performance? An exploratory study, European Management Journal, 31(6), 538-548 (2013) @No $ @ @ Morrow Paula C., McElroy James C and Scheibe Kevin P., Influencing organizational commitment through office redesign, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(1), 99-111 (2012) @No $ @ @ Panaccio Alexandra and Vandenberghe Christian., Five-factor model of personality and organizational commitment: The mediating role of positive and negative affective states, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3),  647-658 (2012) @No $ @ @ Chang Li-Chun, Shih Chia-Hui and Lin Shu-Man., the mediating role of psychological empowerment on job satisfaction and organizational commitment for school health nurses: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey, International Journal of Nursing Studies, 47(4), 427-433 (2010) @No $ @ @ Carmon Anna F., Miller Amy N. Raile, Amber N.W. andRoers Michelle M., Fusing family and firm: Employee perceptions of perceived homophily, organizational justice, organizational identification, and organizational commitment in family businesses, Journal of Family Business Strategy, 1(4),  210-223 (2010) @No $ @ @ Adeyemo D.A., Emotional Intelligence and the Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment of Employee in Public Parastatals in Oyo State, Nigeria, Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 4(2), 324-330 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Scrutiny Analysis on Consumer Buying Behavior and Integrated Marketing Communication Strategy in Iranian Cosmetic Sector<#LINE#>Alireza@Miremadi,Shirin@RanjbarToutouee,Mozafari@OghaniRosa,Mohammadrashidi@Sheida<#LINE#>16-24<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2014-194.pdf<#LINE#> Graduate School of Management Sharif University of Technology, International Campus, IRAN<#LINE#>21/1/2014<#LINE#>5/5/2014<#LINE#>  Today’s Mascara of eye makeup products is a popular cosmetic item for all generations because it can greatly change the impression of eye look by applying it to eyelash directly. So in this paper for the first time we focus on the increasing trendtowards buying more different types of cosmetics, and more specifically Mascara in Iran in the recent years. Furthermore we focus on integrated marketing communication concept, in order to provide assessment of Iranian consumer buying behavior along with the best configuration of promotional package for mascara product which in turn has influential impact on consumer satisfaction, branding, improving sales and gaining further market share. The main purpose of this exploratory is to gain comprehensive frame work for marketers in cosmetic industry, this frame work could guide marketers about the proper promotional activities about mascara product and aware us from the most influential factors of Iranian consumer buying behavior.this study have initiated with exploratory research which use qualitative data and then gradually shifted to descriptive research with respect to the quantitative data. The instruction method for collecting the primary data was questionnaire. However, having a website and online shopping for a business is important and it could help to bring products or services to the right people and to reach the target audience, but according the survey, there is not much interest in online shopping in Iran Empirical studies have shown Quality, reliability, packaging and price are the most important factors that impact on consumer satisfaction about the Mascara. <#LINE#> @ @ Joy V.A.A., Postmodernism, Feminism, The visible and the invisible in consumer research, 333-3357 (1994) @No $ @ @ H.E.S.S, Mirror ... The Importance of Looks in Everyday Life, Albany: State University of New York Press,(1986)@No $ @ @   GR, Physical  Attractiveness  Research, Toward  a  De-velopmental Social Psychology of Beauty, 217-239, (1977) @No $ @ @   NL E., Survival of the Prettiest, New York: Doubleday,(1999) @No $ @ @  R.G.V. Godoy R, Huanca T, Tanner S, Leonard WR and McDade T Vadez, Do smiles  have  a face  value?, Panel  evidence from Amazonian Indians, 469-490, (2005) @No $ @ @ L.O. Byrne D and Reeves  K, The  effects  of  physical attractiveness, sex,  and  attitude similarity  on interpersonal  attraction, 259-271, (1968) @No $ @ @ G.M. Askegaard  S and Langer  R, Reflexivity  and  Cosmetic  Surgery, Psychology  and  Marketing, 793-812, (2002) @No $ @ @ Available: http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM, (2015) @No $ @ @ S.C. Churchill  GA, An  investigation  into  the determinants of customer satisfaction, 491-504, (1982) @No $ @ @  P.H. Vanessa Apaolaza-Ibáñez, Sandra Diehl and Ralf Terlutter2, Women satisfaction with cosmetic brands: The role of dissatisfaction and hedonic brand benefits, African Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 792-802 (2011) @No $ @ @ N. Etcoff, survival of the prettiest, the science of beauty, little, Brown and Co, London, (1999) @No $ @ @  Walter P., Martinetto P. and Tsoucaris G, Making make up in ancient Egypt nature, 397-483-484, (1999) @No $ @ @  G.F.R. Mulhern, Do cosmetic enhance female Caucasian facial attractiveness?, International journal of cosmetic science, 199-205 (2003) @No $ @ @  Kakizawa E., To create a beautiful eyelash, Journal of The chemical society of Japan, 58, 374-375 (2010)@No $ @ @ history of cosmetic. Available: http://www.history ofcosmetics.net/cosmetic-history/ cosmetic -timeline/,(2013)@No $ @ @  S.M.L.A.W.G.C., Taek-Jong Kwak, The character of eyelashes and the choice of mascara in Korean women,Cosmetic R and D center, LG household and health care ltd, korea, (2002) @No $ @ @  Hart N., Implementing an Integrated Marketing Communications Strategy: Thorogood Limited, 12-18 Grosvenor Gardens, London SW1W 0DH. Thorogood  Limited is part of the Hawksmere Group of Companies, (1999) @No $ @ @ Percy L., Strategic Integrated Marketing Communication: ELSEVIER, (2008) @No $ @ @  M.S.n. Dr. Mirza Hasan Hosseini, Analyzing The Influence Of Promotion Mix on Increase of Sale In Cosmetics And Beauty Products, Asian Journal of Business and Management Sciences, , 99-113 (2012) @No $ @ @  S.F.A.a. H.A.H.J. Ismail K., Effect of Marketing Communication on Sales Performance of Multinational Companies: A Case Study of Proctor and Gamble Company, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), (2012) @No $ @ @ Banerjee S., Effect of product category on promotional choice: comparative study of discounts and freebies, Management Research News, 32, 120-131 (2009) @No $ @ @  Ryan M. and Bonfield E, The Fishbein Extended Model and Consumer Behavior, Consumer Research, 118-36, (1975) @No $ @ @ Burnkrant C. and Whetzel, Attribution and the Rate of Participation in Ongoing Interaction, submitted for publication, (1976) @No $ @ @  Ross, Self-Concept and Brand Preference, Journal of Business, 38-50 (1971) @No $ @ @  Stafford E., Effects of Group Influence on Consumer Brand Preferences, Journal of Marketing Research, 68-75 (1966) @No $ @ @  Witt D.B. and Grady, Purchase Decisions and Group Influence, Marketing research, (1970) @No $ @ @ Fishbein M. and Ajzen I, Percept of Self, Generalized Stereotypes, and Brand Selections, Marketing research, 58-63 (1968) @No $ @ @  Jacobson E. and Kossoff J., Self-Percept and Consumer Attitudes Toward Small Cars, Journal of Applied Psychology, (1963) @No $ @ @ Jones E. and Davis K, The  Attribution Process  in  Person  Perception,  in Advances in Experimental  Social  Psychology, New York academic press, , (1965) @No $ @ @ Kelley H., Attribution in  Social  Psychology, Nebraska  Symposium  on  Motivation, 192-238, (1967) @No $ @ @  Attribution in Social Interaction, New York: General Learning Press, (1971) @No $ @ @  Morristown N.J., Causal Schemata and the Attribution Process, General learning press, (1972) @No $ @ @ O.R. Mano H, Assessing  the Dimensionality and Structure of the Consumption Experience: Evaluation, Feeling, and Satisfaction, 451-446, (1993) @No $ @ @  Z. VA, Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence, 2-22, (1988) @No $ @ @  Indvik, How cosmetics giant Estée Lauder leverages social media on a global scale, (2011) @No $ @ @  S.R.T. Alireza Miremadi and Rosa Mozaffari Oghani, An Empirical Investigation among Iranian Consumers with Variety Consumption Habits in Cosmetic Sector, International Journal of Marketing Studies, , (2012) @No $ @ @  J.k.H. Atazadeh Dadabeyglu Yashar, Effective Internal strategic Factor on Consumer Satisfaction from the Perspective of Organization`s Managers in Tabriz Travels Agencies, Research Journal of Recent Science, 2(9), (2013) @No $ @ @  J.M. K.M Jalili Seyyed Mehdi, Investigation of the effective factors on brand loyalty and repurchase intention (case study: Iranian consumers), Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(2), (2013) @No  
<#LINE#>Paremeter Estimation and Prediction of the Exponential Life Time Model via Bayesian Approach<#LINE#>Javed@Muneeb,Saleem@Muhammad,Alamgir<#LINE#>25-31<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJRS-2014-208.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Statistics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, PAKISTAN @ Department of Statistics, Government Post Graduate College of Science, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>21/1/2014<#LINE#>20/5/2014<#LINE#>  In this paper the Bayesian analysis for Exponential model assuming uninformative conjugate (Jeffrey’s and Uniform) and informative conjugate (inverted gamma and two component inverted gamma mixture) priors is presented. The comparison between the two approaches is made on the basis of Bayes estimates, posterior risks, credible intervals and highest posterior density regions for different sample sizes and parameter values. The Bayesian predictive intervals assuming informative priors are calculated for different combinations of the hyperparameters to discover the range of hyper-parameters that lead towards more precise estimates of the parameters of interest. <#LINE#> @ @ Sinha S.K., Bayesian Estimation, New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi, (1998) @No $ @ @ Javed M. and Saleem M Alamgir, A Bayesian Analysis of the Rayleigh Life Time Model, World Applied Science Journal, 16(2), 220-226 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sinha S.K. and Howlader H.A., Credible and HPD intervals of the parameter and reliability of Rayleigh distribution, IEEE Transactions-Reliability, 32, 217-220 (1983) @No $ @ @ Lalitha S. and Mishra A., Modified maximum likelihood estimation for Rayleigh distribution, Communications in Statistics: Theory and Methods, 25, 389-401 (1996) @No $ @ @ Bose S., Bayesian robustness with mixture classes of priors, The Annals of Statistics, 22(2), 652-667 (1994) @No $ @ @ Bolstad W.M., Introduction to Bayesian Statistics. John Wiley and Sons Inc. New Jersey (2004) @No $ @ @  Mendenhall W. and Hader R.A., Estimation of parameters of mixed exponentially distributed failure time distributions from censored life test data, Biometrika, 45(3-4), 504-520 (1958) @No $ @ @ Dey Sanku and Das M.K., A note on prediction interval for a Rayleigh distribution: Bayesian approach, In the proceedings of International Workshop/ Conference on Bayesian Statistics and its Applications Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India (2005) @No $ @ @ Saleem M. and Aslam M., On Prior Selection for the Mixture of Rayleigh Distribution using Predictive Intervals, Pakistan Journal of Statistics, 24(1), 21-35 (2008) @No $ @ @ Saleem M., Aslam M. and Economou P., On the Bayesian analysis of the mixture of Power function distribution using the complete and the censored sample, Journal of Applied Statistics, 37(1), 25-40 (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Assessment of Reliability of Electrical Distribution Networks Using Fuzzy AHP<#LINE#>Maryam@Narouie,Kord@Baqer<#LINE#>32-40<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJRS-2014-223.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Industrial Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, IRAN @ Department of Management, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, IRAN<#LINE#>24/1/2014<#LINE#>14/5/2014<#LINE#>  Reliability is one of the important factors in the electricity networks studies by which the weak points of the network are identified. Appropriate strategies can be suggested for future planning and efficient utilization of the networks by the identification of the weak points. Considering that electrical distribution networks are among the most appropriate parts in reliability measurement studies, reliability scales for Zahedan Distribution Network in 2012 were calculated in the current work. In this study, input parameters were modelled by defining appropriate membership functions with the triangular fuzzy algorithm. Then, the appropriate criterion for calculation of reliability in distribution systems was selected using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and reliability of the input parameters were calculated based on the selected criterion. The purpose of these calculations is presentation of necessary strategies for planning to decrease the number and duration of unplanned power failures, decrease the losses, and propitiate electricity consumers in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. In this paper, the case study is based on the sample network of Zahedan. <#LINE#> @ @ Ghazi A. and Falaghi H. et al., Modeled and investigating changes in reliability indexes of distribution networks over the years (2004) @No $ @ @ Shokrolahi Gavzan A. and Ahmadi Kamarposhti M., Investigating factors affecting failure rate of lines and repair time on the reliability indexes of electrical distribution networks using fuzzy logic (2011) @No $ @ @ Kazemi A., Power Systems Analysis (2), First Edition, Payam Noor University Press (1999) @No $ @ @ Milani K., Airlines of electricity distribution networks: Equipment and Design, Sixth Edition, Journal of Applied Educational Institute of Water and Power, (2010) @No $ @ @ Jirofti M. and Nazari M., Identifying and Prioritizing Effective Factors on Price Satisfaction in Banking Services using Fuzzy AHP, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(3), 33-39 (2014) @No $ @ @ Taghizadeh H. and Ershadi sis M., Supplier's, Selection in Supply Chain with Combined QFD and ANP Approaches (Case study), Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(6), 66-76 (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>The Relationship between Communication Skills and Error Reporting by Nurses in Iranian Social Security Organization Hospitals in Isfahan, Iran<#LINE#>M.R.@Maleki,A.A.@Nasiripour,NajafabadiM.@Pouladchang<#LINE#>41-46<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJRS-2014-235.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Health Services Management, Collage of management and Economics, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>25/1/2014<#LINE#>1/5/2014<#LINE#>  Nowadays, clinical errors are one of the serious problems of the health system and a threat for the patients’ safety. Different aspects of the patient safety including communication skills, group works and disclosing clinical errors have been considered by the policy-makers today. In this study, 248 nurses employed in three hospitals of Isfahan Province Social Security Organization served as the participants and the communication skill score of each one was calculated on three verbal skill, listening and feedback dimensions. Total clinical errors reported by the nurses within three domains including Near-Miss errors, No-Harm errors and Adverse Event were determined and the effect of communication skill score on the rate of reporting clinical errors was studied. This study provides a basis for setting preventive strategies for clinical errors. <#LINE#> @ @ Ravaghi H., Sadat S.M., Mostofian F., Vazirian S. and Heidarpour P., Friendly Hospital Patient Safety, Assessment Guide/WHO, Published: Mehrravash, Tehran (2011) @No $ @ @ Quagly H., Mckee M., Nolte E. and Glinos I., Assuring the Quality of Health Care in the European Union. Copenhagen: WHO regional office for European scherfigsvey and DK. (2008) @No $ @ @ Mogheri J., Validation of Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) and Assessment Patient Safety Culture from Physicians, Nurses and Radiology and Laboratory Staff View (M.S. Thesis), Tehran: Tehran University of Medical Sciences (2009) @No $ @ @ Smites M., Dingelhoff I., Wangner C., Vanderwal G. and Groenewegen D., The psychometric properties of the hospital survey on patient safety culture in Dutch hospitals, BMC health services research, 8(230), 1-9 (2008) @No $ @ @ Grober ED and Bohnen JM., Defining Medical Error, Can. J. Surg., 48, 39-44 (2005) @No $ @ @ Singer S.J. and Tucker A.L., Creating a Culture of Safety in Hospitals: URL: // iis-db.stanford.edu/events/4218/creating-safety.ca/turessinger RIP.pdf., (2011) @No $ @ @ National Patient Safety Agency, Seven Steps to Patient Safety the Full Reference Guide, Available from URL: www.npsa.uk/sevensteps/, (2004) @No $ @ @ Sanders J. and Cook G., ABC of Patient Safety, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing Institute, (2007) @No $ @ @ Health, Remedy and Medical Education Ministry, Patient Safety, Patient Right and Our Responsibility, www. mums.ac.ir/btom/fa/a-modiran oando6, (2010) @No $ @ @ Johnstone MY. and Kanitsaki O., The Ethics and Practical Importance of Defining, Distinguishing and Disclosing Nursing Errors: A Discussion Paper, Int. Nurse Stud., 43, 367-376 (2006) @No $ @ @ R Kingston M, Evans SM, Smith BJ and Berry JG.,  Attitude of Doctors and Nurse towards Incidents Reporting: A Qualitative Analysis, Med. J. Aust., 181, 36-39 (2004) @No $ @ @ Warburyon R.N., Improving Patient Safety: An Economic Perspective on the Role of Nurse, Journal of Nursing Management, 85 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kouhestani H and Baghcheghi N., Medication Calculation Skills in Nursing Students of Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2007, Iranian J Med Education, 7(2), 353-359 (2008) @No $ @ @ Chiang H. and Pepper G.A., Barriers to Nurses Reporting of Medication Administration Errors in Taiwan, Journal of Nursing Scholorship, 38(4), 392-399 (2006) @No $ @ @ Joolaee S, Hajibabaee F., Peyravi H and Haghani Kh., The Incidence and Report Rate of Medication Errors in Iran, Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 3(1), 65-76 (2010) @No $ @ @ Nasiripour A.A., Raeissi P., Tabibi S.J. and Keikavoosi Arani L., Hidden Threats Inducing Medical Errors in Tehran Public Hospitals, Hormozgan Medical University Journal, Iran, 15(2), 152-162 (2010) @No $ @ @ Leonard M., Graham S. and Bonacum D., The Human Factor: The Critical Importance of Effective Teamwork and Communication in Providing Safe Care, Qual Safe Health Care, 13, 85-90 (2004) @No $ @ @ Evans SM, Berry JG. and Smith BJ. et al., Attitudes and Barriers to Incident Reporting: a Collaborative Hospital Study, Qual Safe Health Care, 15(1), 39-43 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mardani Hamule, Shahraky M. and Vahed A., Barriers to Reporting Nursing Job Errors from Nurses Viewpoint, Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 2(4) (2009) @No $ @ @ Mayo AM. and Duncan D., Nurses Perceptions of Medication Errors: What We Need to Know for Patient Safety, J. Nurse Care Qual., 9(3), 209-217 (2004) @No $ @ @ Osborn Y., Blais K. and Hages Ys., Nurses Perceptions: When Is It a Medication Errors?, J. Nurse Adm., 29(4), 33-38 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ghalandarpour S.M., Asghari F., Kavian A. and Daemi M., Attitude and Practice of General Surgery Faculty and Residents about Reprting Medical Error, Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, 4(3), (2010) @No $ @ @ Uribe CL., Schweikhart SB., Pathak DS., Dow M. and Marsh GB., Perceived Barriers to Medical Error Reporting an Exploratory Investigation, Y. Health C. Manage, 47(4), 263-279 (2002) @No $ @ @ Jones L. and Arana G., Is Downsizing Affecting Incident Reports?, JT. Comm. J. Qual. Improve, 23(8), 592-594 (1996) @No $ @ @ Ogbimi R.I. and Clement A., Questionnaire Survey of Working Relationships between Nurses and Doctors in University Teaching Hospitals in Southern Nigeria BMC Nursing, 5(2), 1-6 (2006) @No $ @ @ McCabe C., Nurse-Patient Communication: An Exploration of Patients` Experiences, J. Clin. Nurse, 13(1), 41-49 (2004) @No $ @ @ Karow HS., Creating of Medication Administration Safety: Laying the Foundation for Computerized Provider Order Entry, JT Comm. J. Qual. Improv, 28(7), 396-402 (2002) @No $ @ @ Coeling H., Cukr PL., Communication Styles that Promote Perceptions of Collaboration, Quality, and Nurse Satisfaction, J Nurse Care Qual., 14(2), 63-74 (2000) @No $ @ @ De Meester K., Verspuy M., Monsieurs KG. and Van Bogaert P., SBAR Improves Nurse-Physician Communication and Reduces Unexpected Death: a Pre and Post Intervention Study, Resuscitation. pii: S0300-9572(13)00168-8. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation. 2013.03.016. [Available at: pub med]. (2013) @No $ @ @ Sang Long C., Jusoh A., Akintunde Ajagbe M. and Cheng Ghee L., A review on Job Stressor in the Perspective of Health Care Industry, Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(3), 81-86 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kalpa Sh., Health IT in Indian Heathcare System: A New Intitiative, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 83-86 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nasiripour A.A., Masoudi-asl I. and Hesami F., The Relationship between Nurses' Organizational Participation and Patient Safety Culture in Jahrom Motahari Hospital, Iran. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(8), 73-76 (2012) @No $ @ @ Abhijit B., Science Communication through Mass Media, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(1), 10-15 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nasiripour A., Afshar Kazemi M. and Izadi A., Effect of Different HRM policies on Potential of employee Productivity, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 45-54 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dev Nikhil, Attri Rajesh, Mittal Vijay, Kumar Sandeep, Mohit, Satyapal and Kumar Pardeep, Strategic Supply Chian Management: Perception versus Reality-A Review, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(5), 83-86 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Psychometric properties of Maslach Burnout Inventory-General survey (MBI-GS) in an uncertain Economy<#LINE#>Shamila@NabiKhan,Zafar@Sohail<#LINE#>47-57<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJRS-2014-270.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Business, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>31/1/2014<#LINE#>5/5/2014<#LINE#>  We tested the Maslach burnout inventory- general survey (MBI-GS) in an uncertain economy. Theoretically, MBI consists of three sub-scales: emotional exhaustion, cynicism and personal efficacy. We further test for the relationship between the three subscales as indicated by the literature. We used confirmatory factor loading (CFA) to validate the instrument and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationship of variables. The data was collected from two hundred and sixty-three employees in Pakistan. The results confirmed that MBI-GS is a three- factor construct. MBI-GS is valid and reliable scale. The results also confirmed the relationship within the subscales (positive relationship of exhaustion and cynicism and negative relationship of cynicism and personal efficacy) in the developing country. <#LINE#> @ @ Schaufeli W.B., Leiter M.P., Maslach C. andS.E., Maslach Burnout Inventory: General SurveyMaslach, S.E. Jackson and M.P. Leiter, Burnout Inventory (3rd.ed) - Test ManualCA: Consulting Psychologists Press (1996) @No $ @ @ Khan S.N. and Zafar S., Exploring the Causes and Consequences of Job Burnout in a Developing CountryJournal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research,212-227 (2013) @No $ @ @  Khan S. N., The Relationship between Job Burnout and Gender-Based Socio-Demographic Characteristics in  Lahore, The Lahore Journal of Business,(2013)@No $ @ @  Yusoff R.M. and Khan F., Higher Education Sector in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of Literature, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(11), 90-98 (2013) @No $ @ @  Schaufeli W.B. and Enzmann D.companion to study and research: A critical analysisLondon: Taylor and Francis @No $ @ @   Schaufeli W.B.., Leiter M.P and Maslach C. Burnout: 35years of research and practice, Career Development International, 14(3), 204-220 (2008) @No $ @ @  Halbesleben J.R.B. and Buckley M.R., Burnout in Organizational Life, Journal of Management, 30, 859-879 (2004) @No $ @ @  Choi S.L., Ahmad J., Musibau A.A. and Lim C.G., A Review on Job Stressor in the Perspective of Health Care Industry, Research Journal od Recent Sciences, 2(3), 81- 86 (2013) @No $ @ @ Maslach C and Jackson S.E., The measurement of experienced burnout, Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113 (1981) @No $ @ @ Iyer K. and Khan Z.A., Depression: A Review, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 79-87 (2012) @No $ @ @ Schaufeli W.B., Bakker A.B., Hoogduin K., Schaap C. and Kladler A., On the clinical validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Burnout Measure, Psychology and Health, 16, 565–582 (2001) @No $ @ @  Schutte N., Toppinen S., Kalimo R. and Schaufeli W., The factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) across occupational groups and nations, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 73, 53–67 (2000) @No $ @ @  Haque A and Aslam M.S., The Influence of Demographics on Job Burnout, Far East Journal of Psychology and Business, 4(2), 57-72 (2011) @No $ @ @  Jamal M., Burnout among Canadian, Chinese, Malaysian and Pakistani Employees: An Empirical Examination, International Management Review, 6(1), 32-42(2010) @No $ @ @  Schaufeli W.B., Salanova M., Gonzalez-Roma V. and Bakker A.B., The measurement of engagement and burnout: A confirmative analytic approach, Journal of Happiness Studies,, 71 -92 (2002) @No $ @ @  Leiter M.P. and Schaufeli W.B., Consistency of the burnout construct across occupations, Anxiety,Stress and Coping, 9 229-243 (1996) @No $ @ @  Taris T.W., Schreurs P.J.G. and Schaufeli W.B., Construct validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey: A two-sample examination of its factor structure and correlates, Work and Stress, 13 223-237 (1999) @No $ @ @  Rothmann S., Jackson L.T.B. and Kruger M.M., Burnout and job stress in a local government: The moderating effects of sense of coherence, S A Journal of Industrial Psychology, 29(4), 52-60 (2003) @No $ @ @  Rothmann S. and Jansen van Vuuren J.A., Sense of Coherence, Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, Coping and Bumout of Senior Managers in a Manufacturing Industry, Paper presented at the South African Burnout Conference, Potchefstroom (2002) @No $ @ @ Storm K. and Rothmann S., A psychometric analysis of the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey in the South African Police Service, SA Journal of Psychology, 33, 219-226 (2003) @No $ @ @  Campbell C. and Rothmann S., A psychometric assessment of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (General Survey) in a customer-service environment. Management Dynamics, 14(2), 16-28 (2005) @No $ @ @ Maslach C., Schaufeli W.B. and Leiter M.P., Job burnout, Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 397-422 (2001) @No $ @ @  Shaughnessy J.J. and Zechmeister E.B., Research Methods in Psychology (4th ed.),  New York: McGraw-Hill (1997) @No $ @ @  Armstrong  J.S. and Overton T.S., Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys, Journal of Marketing Research, 14(3), 396–402 (1977) @No $ @ @  Kline R.B., Principles and Practices of Structural Equation Modeling. Guilford Press, New York (2005) @No $ @ @  Hu L.T. and Bentler P.M., Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55(1999) @No $ @ @  PapkeShields K.E., Malhotra M.K. and Grover V., Strategic manufacturing planning systems and their linkage to planning system success, Decision Sciences, 33(1), 1-30 (2002) @No $ @ @  Byrne B.M., A Primer of LISREL: Basic Applications and Programming for Confirmatory Factor Analysis Analytic Models, Springer: Verlog, NY (1989) @No $ @ @  Bentler P.M., Comparative fit indexes in structural models, Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246 (1990) @No $ @ @  Hair J.F., Black W.C., Babin B.J., Anderson R.E. and Tatham R.L., Multivariate Data Analysis, 6th ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey (2006) @No $ @ @ Fornell C. and Larcker D.F., Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50 (1981) @No $ @ @  Kim S.W., An investigation on the direct and indirect effect of supply chain integration on firm performance, International Journal of Production Economics, 119,328–346 (2009) @No $ @ @ Batra R. and Sinha I. Consumer-level factors moderating the success of private label brands, Journal of Retailing, 76(2), 175–191 (2000) @No $ @ @  Maslach C., Jackson S.E. and Leiter M.P., MBI: The Maslach Burnout Inventory: Manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press (1996) @No  
<#LINE#>Exploration of Relationship between Content of Media, Body image and Choosing Clothes among Male and Female University Students<#LINE#>Bijan@Zare,Naseri@Samaneh,Zare@Marzieh<#LINE#>58-63<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJRS-2014-281.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Sociology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Art, University of Uroumiyeh, Uroumiyeh, IRAN<#LINE#>1/2/2014<#LINE#>23/6/2014<#LINE#>  One of the effective factors on formation of an individual’s body image and body management that leads to picking a special wearing style is media. The content of media can play a considerable role in shaping an “ideal body” or “a negative/positive body image”. This image, therefore, affects choosing clothes as one of dimensions of body experience. Accordingly, the present research investigates the relationship between content of media, body image and choosing clothes among male and female university students. To do this, a survey method was used. The population consists of 300 male and female students in associate degree, undergraduate and graduate degrees at Islamic Azad University. The participants aged 18-30 were selected through the random sampling method. Using the Cochran’s formula, 163 subjects were selected as the sample size. For the data collection, two standardized SATAQ-3 and researcher-made questionnaires in form of Likert scale were applied as the research instruments in order to measure the background factors like age, sex, and social status. The obtained results indicate that a positive and meaningful association exists between content of media and body image. Also, body image positively relates to choosing clothes. However, no meaningful association was observed between age, sex, and social status and body image. <#LINE#> @ @ Green P. and Pritchard M., Predictors of body image dissatisfaction in adult men and women, J. Social Behav. Personality, 31, 215-222 (2003) @No $ @ @ Sclafani A., Psychological aspects of plastic surgery, Medicine, 24(15), 1101-14 (2003) @No $ @ @ Bronell K., Dieting and the search for the perfect body where physiology and culture collide, Behavior Therapy, 22, 1-12 (1991) @No $ @ @ Frith H. and Gleeson K., Clothing and embodiment: Men managing body image and appearance, Psychol. of Men and Masculinity, , 40–48 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rezaei A., Inanlou M. and Fekri M., Body management and its relation with social factors among female university students, university of Mazandaran, J. Strategic Women Studies, 12(47), 141-170 (2010) @No $ @ @ Riahi M., Examination of sexual differences in rate of body satisfaction, J. Woman in Development and Politics, 3(9), 5-33 (2011) @No $ @ @ Movahed M., Mohammadi N. and Husseini M., A study on relationship between media, body image, self-esteem and desire to makeup, J. Social and Psych. Studi. of Women, 133-160 (2011) @No $ @ @ Khanjani Z., Bababpour J. and Gazizeh S., Comparison of psychological and body image status of applicant women of plastic surgery with non-applicant women in Tehran city, J.Shahid Sadoughi Univ. of Medical Scien.,2(20), 237-248 (2012) @No $ @ @ Tavasoli Gh. and Modiri F., Examination of women’s desire to plastic surgery in Tehran city, J. Soci. Studi. of Iran, 4(4), 12-19 (2012) @No $ @ @ Fatehi A. and Ekhlasi E., Body management and its relation with social acceptance, case study: Shirazi women, J. Soci. Scien., 41, 9-42 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kwon Y.H., Body consciousness, self-consciousness, and women’s attitudes toward clothing practices, Social Behav. and Personality, 20, 295–307 (1992) @No $ @ @ Miller F.G., Davis L.L. and Rowold K.L., Public self-consciousness, social anxiety, and attitudes toward the use of clothing, Res. J. Home Economi., 10, 363–368 (1982) @No $ @ @ Solomon M.R. and Schopler J., Self-consciousness and clothing, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 508–514 (1982) @No $ @ @ Harden A.J., Butler S. and Scheetz M., Body perceptions of bulimic and non-bulimic groups, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 87, 108–110 (1998) @No $ @ @ Cattarin J., Thompson J.K., Thomas C.M. and Williams R., Body image, mood and televised images of attractiveness: The role of social comparison, J. Social and Clinic. Psychology, 19(2) 220–39 (2000) @No $ @ @ Bessenoff G., Can the media affect us? Social comparison, self discrepancy, and the thin ideal, Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(3) 239–51 (2006) @No $ @ @ Groetz L.M., Levine M.P. and Murnen S.K., The effect of experimental presentation of thin media images on body satisfaction: A meta-analytic review, Intern. J. Eating Disorders, 31, 1–16 (2002) @No $ @ @ Heinberg L., Thompson, Body image and televised images of thinness and attractiveness: A Controlled laboratory investigation, J. Social and Clinical Psycho.14, 325–38 (1995) @No $ @ @ Rudd N.A. and  Lennon S.J., Body image and appearance-management behaviors in college women, Res. J. Clothing and Textiles, 18, 152–162 (2000) @No $ @ @ Furnham A. and Greaves N., Gender and locus of control correlates of body image dissatisfaction, Europ. J. Personality,  183–200 (1994) @No $ @ @ Wardle J., Bindra R., Fairclough B. and Westcombe A., Culture and body image: Body perception and weight concern in young Asian and Caucasian British women, J. Community and Appl. Social Psycho., , 173–81 (1993) @No $ @ @ Cash T.F., Cash D.W. and Butters J.W., Mirror, mirror on the wall ,Contrast effects and self-evaluations of physical attractiveness, Personality and Social Psychology, , 359–64 (1983) @No $ @ @ Kwon Y.H. and Parham E.S., Effects of state of fatness perception on weight conscious women’s clothing practices, Res. J. Clothing and Textiles,12, 16–21 (1994) @No $ @ @ Askari P. and Shabaki R., The role of body image in life quality, life satisfaction, J. Thought and Behav.,17(5), 35-45 (2010) @No $ @ @ Joffa Paul, Kwaku P., Nwafor Arthur and Ologhaguo Macstephen A, Correlation between Body Mass Index and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate of an Indigenous Nigerian Population in the Niger Delta Region,Res. J. Recent Sci, 2(2), 28-32 (2013) @No $ @ @ Alemmebrat Kiflu A., Reddy R.C. and Syam Babu M., Relationship of Body Fat Percentage and Selected Physical Fitness Performances between Overweight and Normal Weight Sedentary Young Male Adults, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(12), 15-20 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Effects of Cooperative Learning and Group Study on Reducing Test Anxiety<#LINE#>Masomi@FatemehSaati<#LINE#>64-71<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJRS-2014-338.pdf<#LINE#>Educational Psychology Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IRAN<#LINE#>8/2/2014<#LINE#>2/8/2014<#LINE#>  Cooperative learning is one of the active methods of education that has attracted the attention of experts. The present study was designed to assess the precise impact of cooperative learning through learning together on the reduction of test anxiety. In this study, cluster sampling was used. This research is a quasi-experimental field study and was carried from early February 2012 at Islamic Azad University of Hamedan. Method of this study was quasi-experimental that has been performed using repeated measurements in experimental and control groups. The number of experimental group was 20 people and the number of control group was 16 people and 4 people were randomly removed, in other words the two groups included 16 people. In the analysis of the test, Kolmogorov - Smirnov tests ANOVA, t-test, independent and multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) were used. The results of this study suggest that collaborative learning reduces test anxiety at Islamic Azad University and there is a significant relationship between dependent and independent variables with a confidence level of 95%. In this paper, the study of anxiety in men and women and their comparison showed that there was not much difference variance and is almost identical in both men and women.  <#LINE#> @ @ Behbudi Muhammad, The relationship between critical thinking and self-efficacy, Identity Style studying in third year high school students, Master's thesis (2004) @No $ @ @ Karimi, The effect of teaching methods on student achievement in elementary cooperation models, Council for Educational Research, (2005) @No $ @ @ Adibnia Assad, Advanced teaching methods, Islamic Azad University Branch: Research, (2010) @No $ @ @ Khalkhaali M., Chemistry teaching models, Tehran: Center for Academic Publication, (1996) @No $ @ @ Shabani Hassan, Skills, teaching methods and teaching techniques, Tehran: Samt, (2004) @No $ @ @ Slavin Robert, Summarizes research conducted on collaborative learning, (Translated by F. faqih Qazvin), Education Quarterly. 2, 129-114, (Release date is not the primary language),  (1992) @No $ @ @ Saif Ali Akbar, Modern Educational Psychology: The Psychology of Learning. Tehran: Doran, (2011) @No $ @ @ Hoffman M., Mukete V., Szmanda J. and Witt Ch., The effect of increased stress levels on memory test performance, (2011) @No $ @ @ Hefer B., Test Anxiety and Academic pelay of Gretivietion college student Journal, 430, 7, progues, (2009) @No $ @ @ Saif Ali Akbar, xModern educational psychology, Tehran: Doran, (2008) @No $ @ @ Strahan E.Y., The effects of social anxiety and social skills on academic performance, Journal of personality and individual differences, 34(2), 346-366 (2003) @No $ @ @ Nazari M., factors in student success, Tehran: School (2004) @No $ @ @ Abolghasemi Abbas, Epidemiologic study of test anxiety and the effectiveness of two methods of reducing anxiety in high school students. PhD thesis, University of martyr Chamran, (2002) @No $ @ @ Abedi MR. and Rashidi Ali, Effects of psychological immunization in reducing test anxiety in students: High school students in the new system of project area 2. of Education, (1996) @No $ @ @ Erfani Nasrallah, Developed a model to explain student achievement on the third grade of secondary skills Hamadan, PhD thesis, University of Allameh Tabatabai, (2009) @No $ @ @ Biyabangard Ishmael, Anxiety, Tehran: Islamic Culture Publishing Office, (1999) @No $ @ @ Naderi F., Ismaili E., Asgari P. and Heydari AR, Psychological anxiety, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran, (2010) @No $ @ @ Giddens, Anthony. Sociology (translated by M. patience), Tehran: Ney, (Original publication (1989) @No $ @ @  Giddens, Anthony. Sociology (translated by M.patience), Tehran: Ney, (Original publication 1989), 71(2006) @No $ @ @  Asro F Connell, History of education in the twentieth century, Translated by H. Afshar, Tehran: Center. (Release date is not the primary language), (1989) @No $ @ @  Sahebalzamani M. and Zirak Aida, Evaluation of Student Learning and Study Strategies in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and the level of test anxiety, (2012) @No $ @ @  Sepheryan and Rezaii, Prevalence and impact of coping therapy on reducing test anxiety and raise the academic performance of students Mvzn, Curriculum Planning: Knowledge and Research in Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University (Iran), 25 (2010) @No $ @ @ Keramati M and Husseini Bibi Maryam, The impact of cooperative learning on student achievement in high school physics, Journal of Psychology,38, 2 (2008) @No $ @ @  Izadian Poor N., Yousefi A. and Haqqani Fariba, Journal: Islamic Azad University (Isfahan), Sixth year, 23, (2009) @No $ @ @  Sharon beavers, Dalton state college, High school economics  cooperative learning, and the end – of –course – test – a case study; Journal of case studies in Education, (2008) @No $ @ @  Sarmad Z., Bazargan A. and Hejazi E., Behavioral science research methods, Agah, Tehran (in Persian), (2007) @No $ @ @  Bazargan A, Sarmad Z and Hejazi E, Research method in behavioral sciences, Theran, Agah publications. (2000) @No $ @ @  Abolqasemi A., Asaadi-Moghadam A., Najariyan B. andShokrkon H., Construction and navigation validated scale to measure anxiety, Quarterly Journal of Educational Science and Psychology,3(3–4), 61-74(1996) @No  
<#LINE#>Detection and Enhancement of Image Edges through Fuzzy Logic<#LINE#>Farnaz@ Hoseini,Sabzi@Sajjad,Reza@Maleki,Poormohammad@Moradali<#LINE#>72-76<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJRS-2014-392.pdf<#LINE#>Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ardabil Branch Azad Islamic University, Ardabil, IRAN @ University of mohagheghardabili, Faculty of agricultural technology and Natural resources, Ardabil, IRAN  @ K.N. Toosi University of Technology of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN @ Islamic Azad University of International unit of Jolfa, East azarbyjan, IRAN<#LINE#>15/2/2014<#LINE#>19/5/2014<#LINE#>  Detecting edge is one of the important concepts in image processing that is possible via marking points of image, in which light intensity changes suddenly. Usually, these sharp changes in image characteristics indicate significant events and changes in environment characteristics. Therefore, this study aims to detect and retouch image edges by fuzzy logic. Existence of additional points and lines is one of the important disadvantages of different methods of edge detection. This disadvantage causes difficulties in detecting edge. In recommended method by fuzzy adjustment of images, the additional lines and points are removed in edge detection results, weak edges are reinforced, and important edges are extracted. In order to identify the additional points and lines and weak edges in edge detection, some rules have been defined in fuzzy rule base. Finally, comparison of extracted edges with fuzzy adjustment method and other methods indicated that edge detection by the fuzzy adjustment method (recommended by this paper) is more effective than other methods in edge detection. <#LINE#> @ @ Aborisade D.O., Novel Fuzzy logic Based Edge Detection Technique, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, (32), 75-82 (2011) @No $ @ @ Canny J.F., A computational approach to edge detection, IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, (6), 679-698 (2009) @No $ @ @ Madasu H., John S. and Shantaram V., Fuzzy Edge Detector Using Entropy Optimization, Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing, (54), 1004-1006 (2010) @No $ @ @ Zadeh L.A, Fuzzy sets, Information and Control, (8),338-353 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kaufmann A., Introduction to the Theory of Fuzzy Subsets, Fundamentals Theoretical Elements, (96), 125-129 (2011) @No $ @ @ Bezdek L.C., Pattern Recognition with fuzzy Objective Function Algorithm, Plenum Press5(45), 158-162 (2007) @No $ @ @ Cheung K. and Chan W., Fuzzy One –Mean Algorithm for Edge Detection, (55) 2039-2044 (1995) @No $ @ @ Kuo Y., Lee C. and Liu C., A New Fuzzy Edge Detection Method for image Enhancement, IEEE Inter. Conf. on Fuzzy Systems, (201), 1069-1074 (2001) @No $ @ @ El-Kham S., El-Yamany N. and Lotfy M., Modified Fuzzy Sobel Edge Detector, Seventeenth National Radio Science Conference, (85), 22-24 (2001) @No $ @ @ Zhao M., Fu A.M.N. and Yan H., A Technique of ThreeLevel Thresholding Based on Probability Partition a Fuzzy, IEEE Trans. on Fuzzy Systems, (32), 469- 479 (2001) @No $ @ @ Tao C.W. et al, A Fuzzy if-then approach to edge detection, Proc. of 2nd IEEE intl.conf. On fuzzy systems, (102), 1356–1361 (2002) @No $ @ @ Aghaei M., Asadollahi A., Deilami Moezzi A., Beigi M. and Parvinnejad F., the Relation between Personality Types, Locus of Control, Occupational Satisfaction and Occupational Exhaustion and Determining the Effectiveness Of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on reducing it among staffers of Saipa Company, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(12) 11-16 (2013) @No $ @ @ Heidari M,  Nekoubin A., Heidari R. and Jafari M., Optimum locating and Sizing of Distributed Generation Based on Artificial Ant Colony Algorithm, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(12), 15-18 (2013) @No $ @ @ Jana M., Fire Safety Properties of Heat Treated Wood, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(12) 80-82 (2013) @No $ @ @  Limousine E., Capacitor Replacement in Distribution Networks using Genetic Algorithm, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(12), 64 (2013) @No $ @ @ Fook C.Y., Sidhu G.K., Hashim R.A., Hamid A.A. and Yunus F.W., Teacher's Perception towards Psychometrics Analysis Software, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 376-381 (2011) @No $ @ @ Eskandar J., Intellectual Capital and its Effects on Firms’market value and Financial Performance in Iran: An Investigating Public Model, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(3), 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @ Amanchi N.R. and Mohd M.H., Ecophysiological and cytopathological impact of delfin insecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) to a unicellular ciliate protozoan, Euplotes patella, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 64-67 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>The study of various types of Participative design based on Contextualism-Regionalism (based on Designing a student’s  Science park in Razi University of Kermanshah)<#LINE#>Parya@Pourmohammadi<#LINE#>77-85<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJRS-2014-414.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Architecture, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, IRAN<#LINE#>17/2/2014<#LINE#>18/5/2014<#LINE#>  The regional feature is the necessary characteristic of each valid architecture. As all buildings form the definite place, all places are not the same and they should have the special features of definite place. The regionalism term was introduced in the late 18th century as one of the main theories of architecture criticism and it asked for continuing the traditions, beliefs and cultural and ethnic values and taking into attention the cultural, geographical and climatic characteristics of a special region and is rooted in deep beliefs as resistance to others culture and returning to the ethnical cultural tradition. The followers of regionalism in participative architecture consider using the features of region in architecture as indirect participation. The various participative types are social gathering, questionnaire participation, consulting design, functional participation, interactional participation, regionalism and indirect participation. This study evaluated various types of participative design that by searching new ways to respond the applied needs in a society, with special features and special definition of it their participative type in design process attempts the effect interference and respond the users in design. The study and analysis of participative samples in various regions showed that using regionalism participative type and indirect participation in the form of considering the models and symbolic buildings, referring to the collective memories and considering the sign qualities in the region can be applied as responding method in making the users interfere in design process of students science park in Razi University of Kermanshah. <#LINE#> @ @ Lee Y., What Are The Social Responsibilities Of Designers? Investigating New Prespectives for Design Pa Rticipation, Royal College of Art, Helen Hamlyn Centre,London, UK. (2007) @No $ @ @   Toker Z., Recent Trends in Community Design: The Eminence of Participation, Design Studies, 24,309-323 (2007) @No $ @ @  Eslami Q., The forgotten model- people participation principle in design and development process, scientificresearch journal of fine arts, 10, 44-52 (2003) @No $ @ @  Palasma Y. and Cheshman P., Architecture and sensory perceptions, Ganj Honar publications, Parham Naghsh, (2005) @No $ @ @   Granath Å., J. Architecture: Participation of users in design activities (2001) @No $ @ @   Lefaivre L. and Populism R., In What People Want, in: Populism, In Architecture and Design. Switzerland: Birkhäuser, 1(1), 271-287 (2002) @No $ @ @  Kamelnia H. and Shayan H., Architecture plan in collective systematic design, Abadi journal, 50, 10-13 (2006) @No $ @ @   Farshidfar R. and Ranjbar A., Investigating the effects of Architecture Residential Recreational Complex on Tourism Industry in Iran, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), 25-30 (2012)@No $ @ @  Selvam S., Manimaran G., Sivasubramanian P. and Seshunarayana T., Geo environmental Resource Assessment Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case study from Southern Coastal Region, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(1), 108-115 (2014) @No 
<#LINE#>Non-Destructive Evaluation of Stress Field in Billets by Ultrasonic Technique<#LINE#>Gholamreza@Ghashami,Khaleghian@Mehrnoosh,Mohammad@Ghashami<#LINE#>86-92<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJRS-2014-454.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eslamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Chemistry, Eslamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah, Utah, USA<#LINE#>24/2/2014<#LINE#>6/5/2014<#LINE#>  The equations of particle motion in an anisotropic elastic media in the presence of the stress have been derived. These equations are nonlinear and in the form of twenty seven variable of displacement gradients and hence they are not applicable in the practical works. Due to the fact that the particle displacement is composed of two parts, the static part caused by the applied stress and the dynamic part due to the propagating stress wave, to linearize the equations of motion, a Taylor series expansion about the static deformation state is used. Three linearized components of the equations of motion have the form of an eigenvalue problem and its solution gives the wave velocities in the billet in the presence of stress. The analytical results in time delay for one dimensional stress field in a billet are compared with the experimental results and there is a reasonable agreement between them.  <#LINE#> @ @ Deputat J., Ultrasonic measurement of residual stresses under industrial conditions, ACTA Acust United AC., 79(2), 161-169 (1993) @No $ @ @ Fukuoka H. and Toda H., Field applications of acoustoelastic stress measurement, Residual Stresses –III, Science and Technology, Edited by Fujiwara, H., Abe, T., Tanaka , K., Vol.1 , 290-297, Elsevier Applied Sciences, (1992) @No $ @ @ Srinivasan M.N., Chunda S.N., Bray S.N. and Alagarsamy D.EA., Ultrasonic technique for residual stress measurement in ductile iron continuous cast round bars, J Test Eval, 205), 331-335 (1992) @No $ @ @ Talana E., Bourse M., Fremiot M. and De Belleval J.F., Determination of near surface stresses on welded joints using ultrasonic methods, NDT and EINT, 282), 83-88(1995) @No $ @ @ He L.F. and Kobayashi S., Acoustoelastic determination of residual stress with laser doppler velocimetry, Exp Mech, 41(2), 190-194 (2001) @No $ @ @ Toupin R.A. and Bernstein B., Sound waves in deformed perfectly elastic materials. Acoustoelastic effect, J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 33, 216-225 (1961) @No $ @ @ Green Jr. R.E., Ultrasonic investigation of mechanical properties, Vol. 3, Treatise on materials science and technology, Ed; Herman, H., Academic Press, (1973) @No $ @ @ Murnaghan T.D., Finite deformation of elastic solid, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., (1951) @No $ @ @ Egle D.M. and Koshti A.M., Stress measurement via the acoustoelastic effect and water-coupled ultrasonic waves, NDT and E INT, 282), 118-123 (1995) @No  
<#LINE#>The Relationship between L2 Lexical Knowledge and Phonological Memory in Adult Male and Female EFL Learners at Different Language Proficiency Levels<#LINE#>Taghi@FarvardinMohammad,Afghari@Akbar,Mansoor@Koosha<#LINE#>93-98<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJRS-2014-548.pdf<#LINE#> Department of English Language, College of Foreign Languages, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IRAN<#LINE#>6/3/2014<#LINE#>30/6/2014<#LINE#>  The current study examined the relationship between phonological memory (PM) and L2 lexical knowledge among male and female adults in an EFL context. The number of participants was 368 (180 males and 188 females). Based upon the scores obtained from the Quick Placement Test, the participants were assigned to three levels of language proficiency, i.e. beginner, lower intermediate, and advanced. PM was measured by nonword repetition (NWRP) and nonword recognition (NWRC) tests, and L2 lexical knowledge was assessed by Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) in the first week of an intensive six-week English course. Afterward, Pearson correlations were conducted through SPSS 21. The findings showed that adult male/female EFL learners’ L2 lexical knowledge and PM tests were moderately high correlated in the beginning and lower intermediate levels of language proficiency. <#LINE#> @ @ Baddeley A.D., Working memory and language: An overview, Journal of Communication Disorders, 36(3)189-208 (2003) @No $ @ @ Baddeley A.D., The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory?, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, , 417-422 (2000) @No $ @ @ Martin K.I. and  Ellis N., The roles of phonological short-term memory and working memory in L2 grammar and vocabulary learning, Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 34, 379-413 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hummel K.M. and French L.M., Phonological memory and implications for the second language classroom, The Canadian Modern Language Review, 66(3), 371–391 (2010) @No $ @ @ Cheung H., Nonword span as a unique predictor of second-language vocabulary learning, Developmental Psychology, 32(2), 867-873 (1996) @No $ @ @ Service E. and Kohonen V., Is the relation between phonological memory and foreign-language learning accounted for by vocabulary acquisition?, Applied Psycholinguistics, 15 155-172 (1995) @No $ @ @ Masoura E.V. and Gathercole S.E., Phonological short-term memory and foreign language learning. International Journal of Psychology, 34 (5/6), 383-388 (1999) @No $ @ @ Masoura E.V. and Gathercole S.E., Contrasting contributions of phonological short-term memory and long-term knowledge to vocabulary learning in a foreign language, Memory, 13, 422-429 (2005) @No $ @ @ Afghari A., Koosha M. and Farvardin M.T., The relationship between L2 grammatical knowledge and phonological memory in adult male EFL learners at different language proficiency levels, International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World, 4(4), 1-12 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mizera G.J., Working memory and L2 oral fluency, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, (2006) @No $ @ @ Kormos J. and Sáfár A., Phonological short-term memory, working memory and foreign language performance in intensive language learning, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 11(2), 261–271 (2008) @No $ @ @ Intakhab A.K., Effectiveness of Blended Learning for Teaching of English: An Exploratory Study, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(3), 78-85 (2014) @No $ @ @ Bora A., Science Communication through Mass Media. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(1), 10-15 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sadia K. and Muhammad Z., Humanitarian Intervention: A New Perspective, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(1), 97-102 (2014) @No $ @ @ Pooya A., Barfoei H.R., Kargozar N. and Maleki F., Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Conflict Management Strategies, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(7), 37-42 (2013) @No $ @ @ Genji P. and Yaghoubi Doust M., Examining the effect of the social confidence, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(9), 25-28 (2013) @No $ @ @ Nation I.S.P., Learning vocabulary in another language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, (2001) @No $ @ @ Akbarian I., The relationship between vocabulary size and depth for ESP/EAP learners, System, 38, 391-401(2010) @No $ @ @ Schmitt N. and Meara P., Researching vocabulary through a word knowledge framework: word associations and verbal suffixes, Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 19, 17-36 (1997) @No $ @ @ Harley T.A., The psychology of language: from data to  theory (3rd edition), New York: Psychology Press, (2008) @No $ @ @ McGivern R.F., Mutter K.L., Anderson J., Wideman G., Bodnar M. and Huston P., Gender differences in incidental learning and visual recognition memory: Support for a sex difference in unconscious environmental awareness, Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 223–232 (1998) @No $ @ @ Freides D. and Avery M.E., Narrative and visual spatial recall: Assessment incorporating learning and delayed retention, The Clinical Neuropsychologist, , 338–344 (1991) @No $ @ @ Robert M. and Savoie N., Are there gender differences in verbal and visuospatial working-memory resources?, European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 18(3), (2006) @No $ @ @ Quick Placement Test, Oxford: Oxford University Press, (2001) @No $ @ @ Gathercole S.E., Pickering S.J., Hall M. andPeaker S.M., Dissociable lexical and phonological influences on serial recognition and serial recall, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54A(1), 1-30 (2001) @No $ @ @ Granpayeh A.A, Quick review of the English Quick Placement Test, Research Notes, 12, 8-10 (2003) @No $ @ @ Nation 1.S.P., Teaching and learning vocabulary¸ New York: Newbury House, (1990) @No $ @ @ Keskin S., Comparison of several univariate normality tests regarding Type I error rate and power of  the test in simulation based small samples, Journal of Applied Science Research, 2(5), 296–300 (2006) @No $ @ @ Razali N.M. and Wah Y.B., Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests, Journal of Statistical Modeling and Analytics, 2(1), 21–33 (2011) @No $ @ @ IBM Corp, Released. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. (2012)  @No 
<#LINE#>Physical Chemical Characterization of Vegetable Oil and Defatted Meal of Garcinia kola Heckel (Guttiferae)   from Benin<#LINE#>Yété@Pélagie,Vital@Ndayishimiye, Djènontin T.@Sébastien,WottoV.@Dieudonné,Dominique@Sohounhloué <#LINE#>99-104<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1085.pdf<#LINE#>Laboratory of Physical Chemistry , Faculty of Science and Technology , University of Abomey-Calavi (LCP/FAST/UAC), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou,BENIN @ Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Chemistry, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey Calavi(LERCA/EPAC/UAC) ), 01 BP 2009 Cotonou, BENIN<#LINE#>16/5/2014<#LINE#>23/8/2014<#LINE#>  In view of forest species development little or less crop, this work has focused on the study of unconventional oils extracted from Garcinia kola. The study was aimed to determine the physical-chemical parameters (acidity, peroxide, iodine and saponification values), the fatty acid profile, of vegetable oils obtained from Garcinia kola Heckel produced in Benin. Analyses showed a lipid potential of Garcinia kola was 28.37%. Quality index obtained: acidity (1%); saponification (176 mg KOH / g oil); peroxide (9 O2/kg-oil meq) and iodine (80 mg of iodine g-oil) were in conformity with conventional standards of appreciation of the quality of alimentary oils. The fatty acid profile was dominated by oleic acid (38.35%) followed by linoleic acid (27.15%), palmitic acid (21.80%) and stearic acid (10.93%). Myristic acid (~1.76%), arachidic acid (~1%) and palmitoleic (~0.2%) were poorly represented. The high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids (&#x-100;70%), largely known in nutrition allowed these vegetable oils to be used as food supplements. This study revealed in defatted meal the predominance of minerals such as nitrogen N (0.59%), potassium K (0.34%), Calcium Ca (0.10%) and as well as total protein (MS ~9%), starch (62.9% DM) and total sugar (12.00% DM) indicating their potential use in animal feed. The unsaponifiables of vegetable oil such as sterols and tocols were quantified to 63 and 4000 mg/100 g edible by LC-MS method which could predict their use in cosmetics. <#LINE#> @ @ Raita M., Laothanachareon T., Champreda V. and Laosiripojana N., Biocatalytic esterification of palm oil fatty acids for biodiesel production using glycine-based cross-linked protein coated microcrystalline lipase, Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 73, 74-79.(2011) @No $ @ @ McMichael P, Agrofuels in the food regime, The Journal of Peasant Studies,37(4), 609-629 (2010) @No $ @ @ Timilsina G.R., Beghin J.C., Mensbrugghe D., and Mevel S., The impacts of biofuels targets on landuse change and food supply: A global CGE assessment, Agricultural Economics,43, 315-332 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nyam K.L., Tan C.P., Lai O.M., Long K. and CheMan Y.B., Physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of selected seed oils LWT, Food Science and Technology,42, 1396-1403 (2009) @No $ @ @ Li C., Yao Y., Zhao G., Cheng W., Liu H., Liu C., Shi Z., Chen Y. and Wang S., Comparison and Analysis of Fatty Acids, Sterols, and Tocopherols in eight Vegetable Oils, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,59, 12493-12498 (2011) @No $ @ @ Legrand P., Les acides gras : structures, fonctions, apports nutritionnels conseillés, Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététiques, 42, Hors série 1, 7-12 (2007) @No $ @ @ Rioux V., Galat A., Jan G., Vinci F., D’Andréa S. and Legrand P., Exogenous myristic acid acylates proteins in cultured rat hepatocytes, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,13, 66-74 (2002) @No $ @ @ Bourre J.M., Dumont O., Clement M. and Durand G., Endogenous synthesis cannot compensate for absence of dietary oleic acid in rats, Journal of Nutrition,127, 488-493 (1997) @No $ @ @ Burr G.O. and Burr M.M., A new deficiency disease produced by the rigid exclusion of fat from the diet, Journal Biological Chemistry,82, 345-367 (1929) @No $ @ @ Djenontin S.T., Wotto V.D., Lozano P., Pioch D. and Sohounhloué D.K.C., Characterisation of Blighia sapida (Sapindaceae) seed oil and defatted cake from Benin. Natural Product Research,23(6), 549-560 (2009) @No $ @ @ Iwu M.M., Igboko O.A., Elekwa O.K. and Tempesta M.S., Prevention of thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity by biflavanones of Garcinia kola, Phytotherapy Research,4(4), 157-159 (1990a) @No $ @ @ Essien E.U., Esenowo G.J. and Akpanabiatu M.I., Lipid composition of lesser known tropical seeds, Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 48, 135-140 (1995) @No $ @ @ Cheftel J.C. and Chefte H., Introduction à la chimie et à la biochimie des aliments, Vol.1, Tec. et Doc. ; Lavoisier : Paris, (1984) @No $ @ @  Ajayi I.A., Oderinde R.A., Ogunkolya B.O., Egunyomi A., Taiwo V.O.,Chemical analysis and preliminary toxicological evaluation of Garcinia mangostana seeds and seed oil, Food Chemistry,101, 999-1004 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kapseu C., Mbofung C.M. and Kayem G.J., Acides gras et triglycerides des huiles de Cyperus esculentus et Balanites aegyptiaca, Sciences des aliments, 17(5), 531-537 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kapseu C. and Parmentier M.,Composition en acides gras de quelques huiles végétales du Cameroun, Sciences des aliments,17(3), 325-331 (1999) @No $ @ @ Idowu S.O., Adeyemo M.A. and Ogbonna U.I., Engineering and validation of a novel lipid thin film for biomembrane modeling in lipophilicity determination of drugs and xenobiotics, J. Biol. Engin.,3(14) (2009) @No $ @ @ Aderibigbe S.A., Antimicrobial activities of Garcinia kola seed oil against some clinical microbial isolates, International Journal of Pharmaceutical,2(3), 68-72 (2012) @No $ @ @ Tchobo F.P., Alcoolyse des huiles végétales par catalyse enzymatique, Mémoire de fin d’étude pour l’obtention du DEA, Science Des Matériaux, 49 (2002) @No $ @ @ Codex Alimentarius Commission, Graisses et huiles végétales, division 11, Version abrégée FAO/WHO, Codex Stan, 20-1981, 23-1981 (1993) @No $ @ @ Djenontin S.T., Dangou J., Wotto D.V., Sohounhloué K.C.D., Lozano P. and Pioch D., Composition en acides gras, sterols et tocophérols de l’huile végétale non conventionnelle extraite des grains de jathropha Curcas (Euphorbiaceae) du Bénin, Journal de la Société Ouest-Africaine de Chimie.,22, 59-68 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kpoviessi D.S.S., Georges Accrombessi. G.C., Kossouoh C., Soumanou M.M. and Moudachirou M., Propriétés physico-chimiques et composition de l’huile non conventionnelle de pourghère (JathrophaCurcas) de différentes régions du Bénin, Comptes Rendus Chimie,7(10-11)  , 1007-1012 (2004) @No $ @ @ Adesuyi A.O., Elumm I.K., Adaramola F.B. and Nwokocha A.G.M.,Nutritional and phytochemical screening of Garcinia kola, Adv. J. Food Sci. Tech.,4(1),9-14 (2012) @No $ @ @  Leclerc B., Les Engrais Organiques. Matières Organiques Fiche n°18, Agriculture et Territoire, Chambre d’Agriculture Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, (2012) @No $ @ @  Silou T., Biyoko S., Heron S., Tchapla A. and Maloumbi M.G., Caractéristiques physico-chimiques et potentialités technologiques des amandes de irvingia gabonensis. Rivista Italiana delle Sostanze Grasse.,  81(1), 49-57(2004) @No $ @ @ Couleau A., Evaluation des impacts de l’utilisation de biocarburants de seconde génération sur les usages des sols, Analyse en équilibre général calculable: le cas du miscanthus en union européenne, Diplôme d’ingénieur de l’institut supérieur des sciences agronomiques, agroalimentaires, horticoles et du paysage, 10 (2012) @No $ @ @  Chopra R.N., Naya S.I. and Chopra I.C., Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants (including the supplement), New Delhi, Canal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 18-30(1986) @No $ @ @  Adetuyi A.O. and Akpambang O.E., The nutritional value of sorgum bicolorl stems flour used for infusion drinks in Nigeria, Pak. J. Sci. Ind. Res.,49, 276-276(2005) @No $ @ @  AFNOR EN 118 Standard X41-539, Wood Preservatives, Determination of the Preventive Action Against Reticulitermes santonensis of Feytaud (Laboratory method), BSI, 17 (1990) @No $ @ @  AFNOR CorpsGras, Graines Oléagineuses, Produits Dérivés, Recueil de Normes Françaises, 5th ed. AFNOR, 73 (1993) @No  
<#LINE#>Enhancement of Semiconductor Mediated Photocatalytic Removal of Polyethylene Plastic Wastes from the Environment by Oxidizers<#LINE#>P.D.@Phonsy,Suguna@Yesodharan,E.P@Yesodharan<#LINE#>105-112<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1299.pdf<#LINE#>School of Environmental studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682022, INDIA<#LINE#>17/10/2014<#LINE#>25/12/2014<#LINE#>  Plastics have become an essential ingredient of modern life with wide range of applications. At the same time the ‘white pollution’ caused by plastic wastes is a major environmental problem due to their recalcitrant nature. Even the simplest form of plastics, i.e., polyethylene is strong and highly durable and takes upto 1000 years for natural degradation in the environment. Current study reveals that photocatalysis can be used successfully as an Advanced Oxidation Technique for the slow but steady degradation of polyethylene plastics (PEP). Semiconductors such as ZnO and TiO assist the photodegradation of PEP through the generation of highly reactive free radicals which interact with the pollutant. TiO is at least 20% more efficient than ZnO as a photocatalyst in this respect. The process is pH dependent and acidic condition favours the degradation. Oxidizing agents such as H2 and peroxydisulphate (PDS) accelerate the semiconductor catalysed degradation. The enhancement depends on the concentration of the oxidizer and stabilises at an optimum range. Critical parameters for optimum efficiency for the degradation of PEP are identified and evaluated. A tentative mechanism for the degradation is also proposed based on the observations.  <#LINE#> @ @ Herrmann J.M., Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants, Catal. Today., 53, 115-129 (1999) @No $ @ @ Hoffmann M., Martin S., Choi W. and Bahnemann D., Environmental applications of semiconductor catalysis, Chem. Rev., 95, 69-96 (1995) @No $ @ @ Devipriya S. and Yesodharan S., Photocatalytic degradation of pesticide pollutants in water, Solar Energy Mater and Solar Cells, 86, 309-348 (2005) @No $ @ @ Nosaka Y and Nosaka A., in Photocatalysis and Water Purification, First Edition, Pichat. P. Ed., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co., 1-24 (2013) @No $ @ @ Pelaez  M., Nolan N.T., Pillai S.C., Seery M.K.,  Falaras P., Kontos A.G., Dunlop P.S.M., Hamilton  J.W.J., Byrne J.A., O’Shea K., Entezari M.H. and  Dionysiou D.D., Appl. Catal B: Environ., 125, 331-349 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ollis D.F.,  Pichat P. and  Serpone N., TiOphotocatalysis: 25 years, Applied Catalysis B: Environ., 99 377-387 (2010) @No $ @ @ Turchi C.S. and Ollis D.F., Photocatalytic degradation of organic water contaminants: mechanisms involving hydroxyl radical attacks, J. Catal., 122, 178-192 (1990) @No $ @ @ Mathews R.W., Phto-oxidation of organic material in aqueous suspensions of titanium dioxide, Wat. Res.,20, 569-578 (2011) @No $ @ @ Wu C.G., Chao C.C. and Kuo F.T., Enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 catalysts via transition metal modification, Catal. Today, 97(23), 103-112 (2004) @No $ @ @ Sakthivel S., Shankar M.V., Palanichamy M., Arabindoo A., Bahnemann D.M. and Murugesan B.V., Enhancement of photocatalytic activity by metal deposition: characterization and photonic efficiency of Pt, Au, and Pd deposited on TiO catalyst, Wat. Res., 38 (130), 3001-3008 (2004) @No $ @ @ Pellegrin J.Y., Le Pleux L, Blart L.E., Renaud A., Chavilion B., Szuwarski N., Boujitita M., Cario L., Jobic S., Jacquemin D. and Odobel F., Ruthenium polypyridine complexes as sensitisers in NiO based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells: Effects of the anchoring groups, J Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 219(2), 235-242 (2011) @No $ @ @ Sakthivel S, Neppolian B, Shankar M.V, Arabindoo B, Palanichamy M and Murugesan V., Solar photocatalytic degradation of azodye: Comparison of photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO and TiO, Solar Energy Mater. and Solar Cells., 77, 65-82 (2003) @No $ @ @ Devipriya S.P and Suguna Yesodharan., Solar photocatalytic removal of chemical and bacterial pollutants from water using Pt/TiO-coated ceramic tiles, Int J Photoenergy, Article ID 970474 (2012) @No $ @ @ Lam SM, Sin JC, Abdullah A.Z and  Mohamed A.R., Degradation of wastewaters containing organic dyes photocatalysed by zinc oxide: a review, Desalination and Water Treatment, 41, 131-169 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shibin O.M, Rajeev B, Veena V, Yesodharan E.P and Suguna Yesodharan, ZnO photocatalysis using solar energy for the removal of trace amounts of Alfa-methylstyrene, Diquat and Indigo Carmine from Water, J Adv. Oxid. Technol., 17, 297-304 (2014) @No $ @ @ Sindhu Joseph, Jyothi K.P., Devipriya S.P., Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Influence of reaction  intermediates on the oscillation in the concentration of insitu formed H2O2 during the photocatalytic degradation of phenol pollutant in water on semiconductor oxides, Res. J. Recent. Sci., Intermediates, 82-89 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hariprasad N, Anju S.G., Yesodharan E.P. and Suguna Yesodharan., Sunlight induced removal of Rhodamine B from water through semiconductor photocatalysis: Effects of adsorption, reaction conditions and additives, Res. J. Mater. Sci.,1(14), 9-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ He Y., Grieser F and Ashokkumar M., The mechanism of sonophotocatalytic degradation of methyl orange and its products in aqueous solutions, Ultrason. Sonochem., 18, 974–980 (2011) @No $ @ @ Jyothi K.P., Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Ultrasound, Ultraviolet light and combination assisted semiconductor catalysed degradation of organic pollutants in water: Oscillation in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide formed insitu, Ultrason. Sonochem., 21, 1787-1796 (2014) @No $ @ @ Anju S.G, Suguna Yesodharan and  Yesodharan E.P., Zinc oxide mediated sonophotocatalytic degradation of phenol in water, Chem. Eng. J., 189-190, 84-93 (2012) @No $ @ @ Evegenidou E., Fytianos K and Poulios I., Semiconductor-sensitized photodegradation of dichlorvos in water using tiO2 and ZnO as catalysts,  Appl. Catal B : Environ., 59, 81-89 (2000) @No $ @ @ Malato S., Blanco J., Maldonado  M.I., Fernandez-Ibanez P and Campos  A., Optimising solar photocatalytic mineralization of pesticides by adding inorganic oxidising species: application to the recycling of pesticide containers, Appl. Catal B: Environ., 28, 163-174 (2000) @No $ @ @ Shang  J, Chai M and  Zhu Y., Photocatalytic degradation of polystyrene plastic under fluorescent light, Environ Sci. Technol., 37, 4494-4499 (2003) @No $ @ @ Crawford K.D and Hughes K.D., Rapid formation and spectroscopic observation of polystyrene conjugation in individual micron-diameter particles with visible radiation, J Phys. Chem., B101, 864-870 (1997) @No $ @ @ Wells R.K., Royston A. and Badyal J.P.S., Direct evidence for the generation of phenyl radicals and cross linking during the photolysis of polystyrene film, Macromolecules,  27,7465-7468 (1994) @No  
@Research Article
<#LINE#>Observation of Image and Color of Isfahan Mosques in Perspective of Islamic Art‘s Indices<#LINE#>Majidi@Fateme<#LINE#>113-121<#LINE#>16.ISCA-RJRS-2013-092.pdf<#LINE#> Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>7/3/2013<#LINE#>22/6/2014<#LINE#>  Islamic Art narrates the mania narration, which it refers to the anecdotage of intuition and discovery. In present research, the symbolic and mysterious meaning of this art has been considered, and we would also observe the necessity of Islamic Art; Afterward the symbolic meaning of the images, color and light in the architecture of Islamic mosques in Isfahan, a city of Iran, would be observed in perspectives of Islamic art .Along this, some mystical and metaphysical bases of this Art would be observed in this research. It could be mentioned that the aim of this research, is actually the observation of colors‘symbolic role based on Islamic art characteristics in psychological and semantic perspectives. <#LINE#> @ @ Eva Wilson, Islamic designs, (trans. Mohammad rezaRiazi), Tehran publication, 22 (2000) @No $ @ @ Architecture of mosques, Volume 1, Resanesh publication, 429 (2004) @No $ @ @ The magazine of mosque, No 57, 36 (2000) @No $ @ @ Najm Abadi and Mohammad Hosein,  Sheikh Lutf Allah Mosque and i s characteristics, publication of Farzanraz, 30 (2003) @No $ @ @ Rezaee Ali, The position of mosques in Islamic culture, The cultural institute of Saqalein, 323 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rostami Mohammad Ali , The faith of mosque, Volume 3, Goyeh publication, 82 (2002) @No $ @ @ Najm Abadi and Mohammad Hosein,  Sheikh Lutf Allah Mosque and i s characteristics, publication of Farzanraz, 30 (2003) @No $ @ @ Melol Herman, Islamic wisdom, (trans. DaryooshParviz). 4th edition, Amir Kabir publication, 251. (1986) @No $ @ @ Poor Shiravi Ahmad, Applying the azure tiles in Isfahan‘s mosques, Master degree thesis, The Art University of Isfahan (1996) @No $ @ @ Qasemi Kambiz, Catholic mosques, Shahid Beheshti University: Rozaneh (2003) @No $ @ @ Eva Wilson, Islamic designs, (trans. Mohammad rezaRiazi), Tehran publication, 22 (2000) @No $ @ @ Afshar Mohajer Kamran, symbolism in traditional arts, Art publication, No 6, 55 (1999) @No $ @ @ Hidi Esmat, Applying images in traditional arts, master degree thesis, 43 (2002) @No $ @ @ Mosadeqian Vahid, Using images and colors in Goharshad mosque, Tehran publication, 92-93 (2004) @No $ @ @ Guenon Rene, Symbols of Sacred Science, Sophia Perenis Hillsdele Ny (2001) @No $ @ @ Geza Feherevari, Pottery of the Safavid and Qajarperiodsin, London (1973) @No $ @ @ Rappaport Roy A, Ritual and Religion in the Making of Humanity, Cambridge University, Press (2002) @No $ @ @ Stiver Danr, The Philosophy of Religious Language, Sign, Symbols and Story, Blackwell (1996) @No $ @ @ Titus Burckhardt Sacred Art. (trans. Jalal Satari), 1st edition, Tehran: Soroush, 631 (2003) @No $ @ @ Johans Ethin, The book of color, trans. Mohammad Hosein Halimi, (Tehran: Ershad ministry), 612. (1996) @No $ @ @ , Soroush (1989) @No $ @ @  Sepehri Sohrab, Blue Rroom, 1, Tehran (2005) @No $ @ @ Jaberi Ansari Hasan, History of Isfahan, Isfahan publication (1998) @No $ @ @  The magazine of Mosque, No 117, 64 (2008) @No $ @ @ Art chapter, No 33, 558 (1996) @No $ @ @  Kermani I, Searching seven valleys of love by Attar in construction of houses of God, Persian language and Literature  research, (2007) @No $ @ @ Sattari J, An introduction to semiotics, Journal of theater, (2002) @No $ @ @  Khazaee Mohammad, Symbolism in Islamic art, The collection of first papers of Islamic Art, Tehran publication, 132 (2001) @No $ @ @  Hatam Gh., A Study about Painting Art of Iran, Journal of Art,(1997) @No $ @ @  Madadpoor Mohammad, Wisdom and spiritual realms of art, (Tehran: Soroush, volume 1), 891 (1999) @No $ @ @  Armin Sadeghi Adl, Keramatollal Ziari and Kiomars Habibi, Planning of land-use along with environmental sustainability, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(2), 16-25 (2014) @No $ @ @  Heydari F, Kashan Jame Mosque- a study about establishing the mosque, tourism,  26 (2011) @No $ @ @ Riaz Ahmed, Noor Azmi and Muhammad Tahir Masood, The Essence of Project Leadership is Significant to Project  Management,  Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(5), 44-48 (2007) @No $ @ @ Shokrollah Pouralkhas, Death Rock in Masnavi Benchmark, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(5), 63-67 (2013) @No $ @ @  Selvam S., Manimaran G., Sivasubramanian P. and Seshunarayana T., Geo environmental Resource Assessment Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case study from Southern Coastal Region, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(1), 108-115 (2014) @No $ @ @  Dev Nikhil, Attri Rajesh, Mittal Vijay, Kumar Sandeep, Mohit Satyapal and Kumar Pardeep, Economic and Performance Analysis of Thermal System, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(4), 57-59 (2012) @No $ @ @  Viewpoints about Illustrations domain, Journal of Art,9 (1985) @No $ @ @  Heydari F, Kashan Jame Mosque: A study about establishing the mosque, tourism,  26 (2011) @No 
<#LINE#>Observing role of Tradition and Identity in Iran’s Contemporary Architecture<#LINE#>Ebrahim@Moradi,Rezaie@Masuod<#LINE#>122-125<#LINE#>17.ISCA-RJRS-2013-762.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Archaeology, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, IRAN @ Department of Architectural, Ilam Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, IRAN<#LINE#>20/10/2013<#LINE#>19/4/2014<#LINE#>  It has been concerned about the role of tradition and identity in Iran’s contemporary architecture believing that today, these two elements are not in their own place.  On the other hand, some architects attempt to mimic the western designs in order to precede the advancements in world architecture making  Iran’s architecture  similar to western designs. Also, to develop an Iranian identity, architects attempt to mimic Vernacular Architecture of Iran as Islamic architecture and/or national identity resulting in giving Iranian identity to the buildings. Generally speaking, it could be stated that contemporary architecture of Iran is immersed in uncertainty about tradition and modernization. Previous experiences dating back to four or five decades ago have shown that despite lots of deficiencies, there is an expectancy for modernization of Iran’s traditional architecture concerning today’s needs resulting in efflorescence of historic and cultural identity. The main objective of present paper is to observe role of tradition and identity in Iran’s contemporary architecture, for this library method including descriptive type within observing texts, books, references and papers has been used. Obtained results report the great change in architecture domain by which preserving traditional and identity principles in today’s modern works could be seen. <#LINE#> @ @ Arian Pour M., English to Persian dictionary, Tehran,  Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance, (2006) @No $ @ @ Akrami Gh., The mysteries of the rural life, Tehran, House and the Rural Environment,131,  27-50 (2010) @No $ @ @ Benevolo L., Modern architecture history, trans. Bavar, S., Tehran, first edition, seventh print, Tehran University publication, (2011) @No $ @ @ Heydari Sh., Searching for the urban identity of Ilam, Tehran, Research center of Architecture and Urbanization, (2009) @No $ @ @ Kasmaii M., The Architecture and Climate, Isfahan, Khak publication, (2003) @No $ @ @ Khodakarami M., An evaluation of the traditional architecture consistent with the cold climate (Sanandaj city), Malayer, quarterly of geography, 10, 91-114 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mumford L., The cities culture, trans. Aghvami Moghadam, A., Tehran, Department of Housingand Urban Development, research center of architecture and urbanization, (2006) @No $ @ @ Mansouri A., Study of Ilam Province, department of textbooks planning, Tehran, (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohammadzade R., Evaluating the climatic factors of the traditional and modern houses of Kahnamou village, the geographical space quarterly, 39, 1-15 (2012) @No $ @ @ Rafiei Z., The trends of Nafa developments in the vernacular architecture of Mazandaran, Tehran, research scientific quarterly of Baghe Nazar, 19, 55-64 (2011) @No $ @ @ Saremi H., Analyzing the city and beauty places in Islamic art, Tehran, the quarterly of the Iranian Islamic city studies, 4, 101-11 (2011) @No $ @ @ Taghavi N., The rural sociology, Payam Nur publication, sixth edition, Tehran, (2010) @No $ @ @ Zandie M., The sustainable development and its concepts in the residential architecture of Iran, the house and rural environment magazine, 2-21 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ziari K., The comparative evaluation the patterns governing the western and southern rural habitants of Iran (Khoramabad and Bandarabbas), Boroujerd, the geographical quarterly of Zagros perspective, second year, 3, 79-91 (2010) @No  
<#LINE#>Military and Army Department of Ghaznavid Dynasty<#LINE#>Milani@Abdoulhosein<#LINE#>126-131<#LINE#>18.ISCA-RJRS-2013-847.pdf<#LINE#> Litrature and Humanity Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz, Khuzestan, IRAN<#LINE#>10/11/2013<#LINE#>12/4/2014<#LINE#>  When Islam was entered Iran, Department of Army was also changed like other organizations in this country. Comparing to armies of 4th and 5th decades in Iran, Ghaznavidarmy was different from Samanids army through relying on a body composed of its relatives from Turk members. However, the organization changed into a multinational army as a result of lack of force or lack of trust in some Sepahsalars. The organizations was composed of different nations and generations; although, the main core was again composed of Turk slaves. The present study is in kind of a descriptive-analytical and historical research and is aimed at investigating quality of military and army department of Ghaznavid dynasty through applying traditional references and current studies.  <#LINE#> @ @ Ibn Hughol Abolghasem, Sovar Al-arz, trans. Dr. Jafar Shoar, Tehran: Foundation of Culture,(1961) @No $ @ @ Abilfeda K Ismaeil, Taqvim Al-baladan, Cairo: Center of Religious Affairs, 6427, (2007) @No $ @ @ Spuler Bertold, Iran in primary Islamic ages, trans. JavadFalaturi, Tehran: Science and Culture, (2007) @No $ @ @ Bertold Vasili and Lodi Mirvich, history of Turkestan, trans. KarimKeshavarz, Tehran: Foundation of Culture, 2, (1973) @No $ @ @ Bert old, History of mid Asia Turks, trans. Qafar Hosseini, Tehran: Toos publications, (1997) @No $ @ @ Bosworth Clifford Edmond, History of Ghaznavids, trans. Hassan anousheh, Tehran: Amir Kabir publications, (1986) @No $ @ @ Beyhaghi Abolfazl, Geyhaghi History, Tehran: Mahtab publications, (1994) @No $ @ @ Jarfazqani Abu Sharaf,  trans. Yamini History, Tehran: Translation and Publication center of books, (1978) @No $ @ @ Zarinkoob Dr. Abdolhosein, , History of Iran After Islam Emergence, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications, (1973) @No $ @ @ Sanaei Ghaznavi Abolmajd, Divan-e Sanaei, Tehran: Tahoori Publications, 2535, (1973) @No $ @ @ Shabankareyi Mohammad Ibn Ali, Majma-ulAnsab, in the efforts of MohaddesArmavi, Tehran: Amir Kabir publications, (1979) @No $ @ @ Dr Safa Zabiollah, Iranian History of Literature, Tehran: Ghoghnoos publications, (1994) @No $ @ @  Toosi Nezam-ol Molk, Siyasatnameh, second edition, Tehran: Asatiri publications, (1993) @No $ @ @ Farrokhi Sistani, Abol Hassan Ali Ibn Juluq, Divan-e Farrokhi, Tehran: Safi Ali-shah, (1963) @No $ @ @ Fry ran, History of Iran Cambridge, Vol.4, trans. Hassan Anusheh, Tehran: Amir Kabir publications, (1985) @No $ @ @ Ghobadiani Naser Khosro, itinerary of Ahmad Ibrahimi, Tehran: science and culture, (1985) @No $ @ @ Christenson Arthur, Iran in Samanid era, trans. Rashid Yasemi, Tehran: IbnSina publications, (1972) @No $ @ @ Gordizi Abdol Kay Ibn Zahak, Zin-olAkhbar, Tehran: World of Books, (1984) @No $ @ @ MasudiAbol Hassan, Moravej-olZahab, trans. Abol Ghasem Payandeh, Tehran: translation and publication center, 2, (1981) @No $ @ @ Dr. Moein Mohammad, Persian dictionary of Moein, sixth edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications, (1984) @No $ @ @ Manoochehridamghani, Ahmad Ibn Ghos, Divan-e Manoochehri, Tehran: Zavar publications, (1968) @No $ @ @ Unknown author, History of Sistan, in efforts of Maleko Shoara Bahar, Tehran: KolaleKhavar, (1940) @No $ @ @ Khadraoui A., Léonard M., Pham Thi TT. and Helfert M., A Framework for Compliance of Legacy Information Systems with Legal Aspect, AIS Transactions on Enterprise Systems journal, 1867-7134, GITO mbH, 15-26 (2009) @No $ @ @ Rolland C., Parakash N. and Benjamen A., A multi Model view of Process Modelling, Springer, Heidelberg,4(4) 169–187 (1999) @No $ @ @ Cronbach L.J., Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests, Psychometrika,(16) 297–333 (1951) @No $ @ @ Churchill G.A., A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing Constructs, Journal of Marketing Research,(16) 64–73 (1979) @No $ @ @ Mehdi S. and Gholami Avati R., Investigating the Asymmetric Effects of Government Spending on Economic Growth, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(5), 51-58 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Self and Gender in Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf<#LINE#>Azizmohammadi@Fatemeh,Zahrakafil,Samadian@Taraneh<#LINE#>132-137<#LINE#>19.ISCA-RJRS-2014-605.pdf<#LINE#>Department of English literature, Islamic Azad university ,Science and Research Branch, Arak, IRAN @ Islamic Azad University of Arak, Kafil, IRAN<#LINE#>10/3/2014<#LINE#>16/6/2014<#LINE#>  The aim of this study was to inspect concept of feminism in Virginia Woolf's Novel ‘Mrs. Dalloway’. The study demonstrates how patriarchal society degraded women in different fields and under question their gender and identity. Virginia Woolf  as a feminist writer constitute a climate in which  how women faces with this  discrimination. Mrs. Woolf discloses that despite the development of technology and modernity in an  industrial city like a London , how sexual differences between men and women become enormous  day by day, impede their advancement and how this kinds of society can influence and direct  women life to the annihilation  due to their corrupted point of view. <#LINE#> @ @ Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway, (1925) @No $ @ @ Deborah Guth, What a Lark! What a Plunge!" Fiction as Self-Evasion in, Mrs. Dalloway, Modern language review, 84(1) 18-25 (1989) @No $ @ @ Christina N., The concept of self in Virginia wolf's Mrs. Dalloway, assistant university, 693, http://www.upm.ro/ facultati_departamente/stiinte_litere/conferinte/situl_integrare_europeana/Lucrari3/engleza/66_Nicolae_cristina.pdf, (2015) @No $ @ @ Moi T., Sexual/Textual Politics: Feminist Literary Theory, 2th Edition, London and New York, (2002) @No $ @ @ Isam M. Shihada, A Feminist Perspective of Virginia Wolf's Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse. International Journal of Arabic-English Studies (IJAES), 6, 121-122 (2005 ) @No  
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>A brief Review on Plant Type III Polyketide Synthases, an Important Group of Enzyme of Secondary Metabolism<#LINE#>Dibyendu@DuttaMajumdar<#LINE#>138-147<#LINE#>20.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1140.pdf<#LINE#> Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Lower Saxony,GERMANY<#LINE#>24/5/2014<#LINE#>1/9/2014<#LINE#>  From the ancient time, plants have been used for the treatment of several different types of human health disorders. The main bioactive compounds which exert pharmacological effect are derived from secondary plant metabolism. Several different groups of secondary metabolic compounds with different chemical structure and pharmacological properties are produced in plants. Among such different groups of secondary metabolic compounds, the compounds produced by simple modification of the basic chalcone or stilbene backbone have drawn interest of researcher working in this field. The enzyme(s) responsible for the formation of such chalcone or stilbene backbone structures are collectively known as type III polyketide synthase. These chalcone or stilbene backbone structures are further modified in enzymatic process within the plant cell and thus acts as the precursor substrate(s) in the biosynthesis of an array of compounds with significant pharmacological properties. The existence of enzyme(s) within this group producing functionally diversified products with immense pharmacological properties made them a good candidate for studying in molecular level. Research involving protein engineering approach to modify the enzyme architecture through modification in gene level for altering the substrate specificity, number of condensation reaction and cyclization of the intermediate product to alter the compound structure are getting priorities. A brief overview of this group of enzyme, their evolutionary significance, state of research in molecular level and recent interesting findings are presented here. <#LINE#> @ @ Dixon R.A., Natural products and plant disease resistance, Nature, 411, 843-847 (2001) @No $ @ @ Harborne J.B., Classes and functions of secondary products from plants, Chemicals from Plants-Perspectives on Plant Secondary Products, ed by Walton JN and Brown DE, Imperial College Press, London, UK, 1-25 (1999) @No $ @ @ Voget T., Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis, Molecular Plant, 3(1), 2-20 (2010) @No $ @ @ Austin M. B. and Noel J.P., The chalcone synthase superfamily of type III polyketide synthases, Nat. Prod. Rep., 20, 79-110 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ferrer J.L., Jez J.M., Bowman M.E., Dixon R.A. and Noel J.P., Structure of chalcone synthase and the molecular basis of plant polyketide biosynthesis, Nature structural biology, 6(8), 775-784 (1999) @No $ @ @ Reimold U., Kroger M., Kreuzaler F. and Hahlbrock K., Coding and 3’ non-coding nucleotide sequence of chalcone synthase mRNA and assignment of amino acid sequence of the enzyme, EMBO J., , 1801-1805 (1983) @No $ @ @ Schröder G., Brown J.W.S. and Schröder J., Molecular analysis of resveratrol synthase: cDNA, genomic clones and relationship with chalcone synthase, European Journal of Biochemistry, 172, 161-169 (1988) @No $ @ @ Zheng D. and Hrazdina G., Molecular and biochemical characterization of benzalacetone synthase and chalcone synthase genes and their proteins from raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 470, 139-145 (2008) @No $ @ @ Austin M.B., Bowman M.E., Ferrer J.L., Schröder J. and Noel J.P., An aldol switch discovered in stilbene synthases mediates cyclization specificity of type III polyketide synthases, Chem. Biol., 11, 1179-1194 (2004) @No $ @ @ Austin M.B. and Noel J.P., The chalcone synthase superfamily of type III polyketide synthases, Nat. Prod. Rep., 20, 79-110 (2003) @No $ @ @ Wanibuchi K., Zhang P., Abe T., Morita H., Kohno T., Chen G., Noguchi H. and Abe I., An acridone-producing novel multifunctional type III polyketide synthase from Huperzia serrata, FEBS J., 274(4), 1073-1082 (2007) @No $ @ @ Helariutta Y., Elomaa P., Kotilainen M., Griesbach R.J., Schröder J. and Teeri T.H., Chalcone synthase-like genes active during corolla development are differentially expressed and encode enzymes with different catalytic properties in Gerbera hybrida (Asteraceae), Plant Mol Biol., 28(1), 47-60 (1995) @No $ @ @ Eckermann C., Schröder G., Eckermann S., Strack D., Schmidt J., Schneider B. and Schröder J., Stilbenecarboxylate biosynthesis: a new function in the family of chalcone synthase-related proteins, Phytochemistry, 62(3), 271-286 (2003) @No $ @ @ Abe I., Takahashi Y., Morita H. and Noguchi H., Benzalacetone synthase. A novel polyketide synthase that plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of phenylbutanones in Rheum palmatum, Eur. J. Biochem., 268(11), 3354-3359 (2001) @No $ @ @ Paniego N.B., Zuurbier K.W., Fung S.Y., Van der Heijden R., Scheffer J.J.C. and Verpoorte R., Phlorisovalerophenone synthase,a novel polyketide synthase from hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cones, Eur. J. Biochem., 262, 612-616 (1999) @No $ @ @ Liu B., Falkenstein-Paul H., Schmidt W. and Beerhues L., Benzophenone synthase and chalcone synthase from Hypericum androsaemum cell cultures: cDNA cloning, functional expression, and site-directed mutagenesis of two polyketide synthases, Plant J., 34, 847-855 (2003) @No $ @ @ Liu B., Raeth T., Beuerle T. and Beerhues L., Biphenyl synthase, a novel type III polyketide synthase, Planta, 225(6), 1495-503 (2007) @No $ @ @ Preisig-Muller R., Gnau P. and Kindl H., The inducible 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrene pathway: characterization and expression of bibenzyl synthase and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, Arch Biochem Biophys., 317(1), 201-207 (1995) @No $ @ @ Taura F., Tanaka S., Taguchi C., Fukamizu T., Tanaka H., Shoyama Y. and Morimoto S., Characterization of olivetol synthase, a polyketide synthase putatively involved in cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway, FEBS Lett., 583 (12), 2061-2066 (2009) @No $ @ @ Abe I., Utsumi Y., Oguro S., Morita H., Sano Y. and Noguchi H., A plant type III polyketide synthase that produces pentaketide chromone, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127, 1362-1363 (2005a) @No $ @ @ Morita H., Kondo S., Oguro S., Noguchi H., Sugio S., Abe I. and Kohno T., Structural insight into chain-length control and product specificity of pentaketide chromone synthase from Aloe arborescens, Chemistry and Biology, 14, 359-369 (2007) @No $ @ @ Abe I., Utsumi Y., Oguro S. and Noguchi H., The first plant type III polyketide synthase that catalyzes formation of aromatic heptaketide, FEBS Lett., 562, 171-176 (2004) @No $ @ @ Abe I., Oguro S., Utsumi Y., Sano Y. and Noguchi H., Engineered biosynthesis of plant polyketides: chain length control in an octaketide-producing plant type III polyketide synthase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127(36), 12709-12716 (2005b) @No $ @ @ Akiyama T., Shibuya M., Liu H.M. and Ebizuka Y., Coumaroyltriacetic acid synthase, a new homologue of chalcone synthase, from Hydrangea macrophylla var. thunbergii, Eur. J. Biochem., 263(3), 834-839 (1999) @No $ @ @ Katsuyama Y., Matsuzawa M., Funa N. and Horinouchi S., In vitro synthesis of curcuminoids by type III polyketide synthase from Oryza sativa, J. Biol. Chem., 282, 37702-37709 (2007) @No $ @ @ Katsuyama Y., Kita T., Funa N. and Horinouchi S., Curcuminoid biosynthesis by two type III polyketide synthases in the herb Curcuma longa, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 11160-11170 (2009) @No $ @ @ Jez J.M., Austin M.B., Ferrer J., Bowman M.E., Schröder J. and Noel J.P., Structural control of polyketide formation in plant-specific polyketide synthases, Chem. Biol., , 919-930 (2000) @No $ @ @ Abe I., Watanabe T., Lou W. and Noguchi H., Active site residues governing substrate selectivity and polyketide chain length in aloesone synthase, FEBS Journal, 273, 208-218 (2006) @No $ @ @ Klundt T., Bocola M., Lütge M., Beuerle T., Liu B. and Beerhues L., A single amino acid substitution converts benzophenone synthase into phenylpyrone synthase, J. Biol. Chem., 284, 30957-30964 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lukacin R., Schreiner S. and Matern U., Transformation  of acridone synthase to chalcone synthase, FEBS Lett., 508, 413-417 (2001) @No $ @ @ Reshmi M.S., Verma P., Gokhale R.S. and Soniya E.V., Identification and characterization of a Type III polyketide synthase involved in quinolone alkaloid biosynthesis from Aegle marmelos Correa, 288(10), 7271-7281 (2013) @No $ @ @ Abe T., Morita H., Noma H., Kohno T., Noguchi H. and Abe I., Structure-function analysis of benzalacetone synthase from Rheum palmatum, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 3161-3166 (2007) @No $ @ @ Morita H., Shimokawa Y., Tanio M., Kato R., Noguchi H., Sugio S., Kohno T. and Abe I., A structure-based mechanism for benzalacetone synthase from Rheum palmatum, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 107 (2), 669-673 (2010) @No $ @ @ Tropf S., Lanz T., Rensing S.A., Schröder J. and Schröder G., Evidence that stilbene synthases have developed from chalcone synthases several times in the course of evolution, J. Mol. Evol., 38, 610-618 (1994) @No $ @ @ Durbin M.L., Learn G.H. Jr., Huttley G. A. and Clegg M.T., Evolution of the chalcone synthase gene family in the genus Ipomoea, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 92, 3338-3342 (1995) @No $ @ @ Yu D., Xu F., Zeng J. and Zhan J., Type III polyketide synthases in natural product biosynthesis, IUBMB Life, 64(4), 285-295 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mallika V., Sivakumar K.C. and Soniya E.V., Evolutionary implications and physicochemical analyses of selected proteins of type III polyketide synthase family, Evolutionary Bioinformatics, , 41-53 (2011) @No $ @ @ Beckert C., Horn C., Schnitzler J.P., Lehning A., Heller W. and Veit M., Styrylpyrone biosynthesis in Equisetum arvense, Phytochemistry, 44 (2), 275-283 (1997) @No $ @ @ Yamazaki Y., Suh D.Y., Sitthithaworn W., Ishiguro K., Kobayashi Y., Shibuya M., Ebizuka Y. and Sankawa U., Diverse chalcone synthase superfamily enzymes from the most primitive vascular plant, Psilotum nudum, Planta, 214, 75-84 (2001) @No $ @ @ Abe Ikuro., Novel applications of plant polyketide synthases, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 16, 179-185 (2012) @No