@Research Paper
<#LINE#>A Model for Suppliers' Assessment through fuzzy AHP Technique at Piece Making Firms<#LINE#>Hadi@Yasrebdoost,Saeid@SarbazyMoghadam,Bagloo@SalmaGhassem<#LINE#>1-9<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2013-084.pdf<#LINE#> Management Dept, Tabriz Branch, Islamic, Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN<#LINE#>6/3/2013<#LINE#>6/11/2013<#LINE#>  This research indicates a model for choosing the suppliers in IDEM factory. The statistical samples in criteria-selecting stage were 92 people who were selected spontaneously, and also there were 8 people of the senior managers from each part in the ranking stage. In the first step it was specified by Cronbach  and in the second step by the inconsistency coefficient of reliability of the questionnaires. In the next step the criteria was specified by biniminal test calculations, and finally we paid to classify them by FAHP which according to the obtained results, the quality criterion with 0.135 weights has the most important. The green production criterion with 0.131 weights is in the second priority. The geographical location criterion with minimum weight (0.075) is in the last priority. For testing this model, five suppliers were ranked; so we have: the first ranking is for the fourth supplier with 0.332 weights. The fifth ranking is for the sixth supplier with 0.133 weights.  <#LINE#> @ @ Ghodsypour S.H. and Obrien C., The total cost of logestics in supplier selection , under conditions of multiple sourcing ,multiple criteria and capacity constraints, International journal of production economics, 15-27 (2001) @No $ @ @ Jaefarnejad A., Ajdari B. and Saleh M.R., Using data envelopment analysis and cross-efficient method for evaluating suppliers, engineering companies thoughtFarafan, Second National Conference on Performance Management (2007) @No $ @ @ Azadeh A., Ghaderi S.F., Javaheri Z. and Saberi M., A fuzzy mathematical programming approach to DEA models, Am. J. Applied Sci.,5, 1352-1357 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sawik T., Single vs. multiple objective supplier selection in a make to order environment, Omega, 38, 203-212 (2010) @No $ @ @ Kheljani J.G., Ghodsypour S.H. and O'Brien C., Optimizing whole supply chain benefit versus buyer's benefit through supplier selection, Int. J. Product. Econ.,121, 482-493 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lee A.H.I.,, A fuzzy supplier selection model with the consideration of benefits, opportunities, costs and risks, Expert Syst. Appli.,36, 2879-2893 (2009) @No $ @ @ Yang J.L., Chiu H.N., Tzeng G.H. and Yeh R.H., Vendor selection by integrated fuzzy MCDM techniques with independent and interdependent relationships, Inform. Sci.,178, 4166-4183 (2008) @No $ @ @ Choi T.Y. and Hatly J.L., An exploration of supplier selection practices across the supply chain, J. Oper. Manage.,14(4), 333-343 (1996) @No $ @ @ Oxenfeldt A., Cost Bene"t Analysis for Executive Decision Making: the Danger of Plain Common Sense, Amacon, New York (1979) @No $ @ @ Pinsoneault A. and Kraemer K.L., The e!ects on electronic meetings on group processes and outcomes: an assessment of the empirical research, European Journal of Operational Research, 46, 143-161 (1989) @No $ @ @ Ellram L.M., The supplier selection decision in strategic partnerships, J. Purchas. Material Manage, 26(4), 8-12 (1990) @No $ @ @ Chaudhry S.S., Forst F.G. and Zydiak J.L., Vendor selection with price breaks, European Journal of Operational Research,70, 52}66 (1993) @No $ @ @ Rosenthal E.C., Zydiak J.L. and Chaudhry S.S., Vendor selection with bundling, Decision Sciences, 26(1), 35}48 (1995) @No $ @ @ Sadrian A.A. and Yoon Y.S., A procurement decision support system in business volume discount environments, Operations Research, 42(1), 14-23 (1994) @No $ @ @ Ganeshan R., Tyworth J.E. and Guo Y., Dual sourced supply chains: the discount supplier option, Transportation Research Part E, 35, 11-23 (1999) @No $ @ @ Weber C.A., Current J.R. and Benton W.C., Vendor selection criteria and methods, Eur. J. Oper. Res.,50(1),  2-18 (1991) @No $ @ @ Ghodsypour S.H. and O'Brin C., A decision support system for supplier selection using an integrated analytic hierarchy process and linear programming, Int. J. Product. Econ.,56-57(1-3), 199-212 (1998) @No $ @ @ Dickson G.W., An analysis of vendor selection system and decisions, J. Purchas.,2(1), 28-41 (1966) @No $ @ @ Wang H.S., Configuration change assessment: Genetic optimization approach with fuzzy multiple criteria for part supplier selection decision, Expert Syst. Appl.,34(2), 1541-1555 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kahraman C., Cebeci U. and Ulukan Z., Multi-criteria supplier selection using fuzzy AHP. Logistics Inform, Manage, 16,  382-394 (2003) @No  
<#LINE#>The Relationship between Return on Equity and Investment Opportunities of the Firms Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange<#LINE#>Davood@Hassanpoor,MohammadReza@Pourali<#LINE#>10-14<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2013-586.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Gilan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gilan, IRAN @ @ Department of Accounting, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Chaloos Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chaloos, IRAN <#LINE#>26/8/2013<#LINE#>16/11/2013<#LINE#>  As all man-made phenomena, businesses and organizations have a life cycle. Investment opportunities have different life cycles during different steps. A highly flexible firm to take advantage of these opportunities expects a clear vision of the future. An effective strategy to provide investment opportunities is to use appropriate dividend policies. The present study establishes a relationship between ROE and investment opportunities. Participants include firms listed in TSE during 1385-1389. Regression analysis is used to test hypotheses. Results suggest a high correlation between variables. Ratios between book value of fixed assets to their market value, market value of common stock to its book value and earnings per share to price per share positively and significantly influence on ROE of the firms listed in TSE. Statistical tests are used to analyze data by Eviews software. <#LINE#> @ @ Islami Bigdeli G. and Bidgolo M., The Contrast between Return and Risk of Alternative Investment Opportunities in Iran, Accounting and Auditing Investigations, 1(44), 149-175 (2006) @No $ @ @ Abzari M., Performance of Firms Listed in Essential Metals Group of TSE Using EVA Model and Its Relationship with Measures of Profit Accounting, Financial Studies, 1(26), 3-20 (2008) @No $ @ @ Jahankhani A. and Zarif Fard A., Do Managers and Shareholders Use a Proper Standard to Measure Value? Financial Studies, 2(7,8), 41-66 (1995) @No $ @ @ Palazzo D., Firm’s Cash Holdings and the Cross–Section of Equity Returns, Department of Economics, New York University (2009) @No $ @ @ Gul F.A. and L Tsui J.S., A test of the free cash flow and debt monitoring hypotheses: Evidence from audit pricing, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 24(2), 219-237 (1997) @No $ @ @ Gul F.A., Government share ownership, investment opportunity set and corporate policy choices in China, Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 7(2), 157-172 (1999) @No $ @ @ Faulkender M. and Wang R., Corporate financial policy and the value of cash, The Journal of Finance, 61(4), 1957-1990 (2006) @No $ @ @ Swanson Z.L., Impact of Cash holdings on Investment Value. Working paper, Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, (2006) @No $ @ @ Khademi G., The Relationship between Investment Opportunities and Growth of Assets in Firms Listed in TSE (7th ed.), Tehran: Studies on Educational Planning, (2009) @No $ @ @ Ardakani I., The Relationship between Dividend and Prediction of Future Earnings Using Modified CKSS, M.A. Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Neyshaboor (2010) @No $ @ @ Yaffee R., A primer for panel data analysis. Connect: Information Technology at NYU, (2003) @No  
<#LINE#>Highly Nutritious Designed Soyaladoo Supplementation to Malnourished Preschool Children and it's Benefits on their Nutrient Intake<#LINE#>N.S.@Ghatge<#LINE#>15-18<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2013-730.pdf<#LINE#> Pravara Rural Education Society’s; Home Science and BCA College, Loni. Taluka -Rahata, District-Ahmednagar, Gujarat, INDIA<#LINE#>9/10/2013<#LINE#>15/12/2013<#LINE#>  Malnutrition among preschool children is now a global problem. Formulation of the food products of low cost and highly nutritiuon is only the solution to overcome the problem hence the visionary design of the soyaladoo is done. Organoleptically high scored soyaladoo was taken for supplementation. The nutritional qualities likes major nutrients such as energy(470.0kcal), proteins (20.1 g) and fats (22.0 g) content found more in soyaladoo.   The micro nutrients such as iron (6.3 mg), zinc (3.8 mg) and calcium (286.5 mg) were also observed higher range in soyaladoo.  It also noted, very less antinutrtional factors like phytate phosphorous (160mg), tannin (0.34 mg), tryspin inhibitor activity (5.5ml), acid detergent fiber (1.31g), cellulose (1.00g) and lignin (0.3ml) etc. Soyaladoo has also shown very low production cost.  Hence, it found very cheap and affordable to the below poverty line group ofmalnourishedchildren. Significant improvements in nutrients intake were seen after supplementation of soyaladoo for six months to preschool malnourishedchildren. The supplementation was given at the @ 50gm/child/day. <#LINE#> @ @ Deshpande S.S., Mishra A. and Mistra, M.. Preparation and organoleptic evaluation of soybased food products,  The J. food sci. Techno,38, 291-293 (2004) @No $ @ @ Ashworth A., Effect and effectiveness of community based treatments of sever malnutrition,  Food Nutr Bull,  27, S24-S48 (2006) @No $ @ @ Amerine M.A., Pangborn R.M. and Roessler E.B., Principles of Sensory Evaluation of Food, Academic Press, New York  (1965) @No $ @ @ AOAC, Approved methods of analysis 14th edn association of official analytical chemist washington D.C. (1984) @No $ @ @ Gomez K.A. and Gomez A.A., Statistical procedures for agricultural research, Willey International John Willey and Sons, New York (1984) @No $ @ @ Ghatge N.S., Supplementation Of Nutraceutical Food To Malnourished Preschool  Children and its  Impact  on  Biochemical  Examination, RJFCCS, 1(1), 2-6 (2013) @No 
<#LINE#>Face Recognition using Weighted Distance Transform<#LINE#>Muhammad@Ashraf,Muhammad@Sarim,AbdulBasit@Shaikh,KashifRaffat@Sheikh,Adnan@Nadeem,Kamran@Ahsan,Muhammad@Siddiq<#LINE#>19-25<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJRS-2013-884.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Science, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>11/10/2013<#LINE#>29/12/2013<#LINE#>  In recent years the task of ecognizing human face with the help of a machine has acquired a significant attention among researchers. A wide range of commercial and law enforcement applications largely accounts for this developing trend. Although current face ecognition systems have reached a certain maturity level they are still far away from the capability of human perceptual system. In a 2D image the unique facial appearance normally consists of intensity curvatures which may be incorporated for ecognizing human face. This work inestigates the use of weighted distance transform to bring improvements in face ecognition. The weighted  distance  transform takes  into account  both  the  spatial  distance  among  pixels  and  the  local intensity  variations.  A standard face dataset is used to alidate the proposed method.  The obtained results are comparable to the state-of-the-art face ecognitiontechniques. <#LINE#> @ @ Phillips P. J., Grother P., Micheals R., Blackburn D.M., Tabassi E. and Bone M., Face recognition vendor test 2002, Anal. And Mod. of Faces and Gestures 2003, AMFG 2003, IEEE International Workshop, (2003) @No $ @ @ Phillips P.J., Moon H., Rizvi S.A. and Rauss P.J., The feret evaluation methodology for face-recognition algorithms, Pattern Anal. and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions, 22(10), 1090–1104 (2000) @No $ @ @ Phillips P.J., Wechsler H., Huang J. and Rauss P.J., The feret database and evaluation procedure for face-recognition algorithms, Image and vision comput, 16(5), 295–306 (1998) @No $ @ @ Zhao W., Chellappa R., Phillips P.J. and Rosenfeld A., Face recognition: A literature survey, Acm Comput. Surveys (CSUR),35(4), 399–458 (2003) @No $ @ @ Hafed Z.M. and Levine M.D., Face recognition using the discrete cosine transform, Int. J. of Comp. Vision, 43(3), 167–188 (2001) @No $ @ @ Sadeghi R., A comparative face recognition algorithm for dark places, Res. J. of Rec. Sci.,2(9), 92–94 (2013) @No $ @ @ A. Kokou M., and Antoine V., Shape characterization on phase microscopy images using a dispersion indicator: Application to amoeba cells, Res. J. of Comp. and Info. Tech. Sci.,1(5), 8–12 (2013) @No $ @ @ Criminisi A., Sharp T., and Blake A., Geos: Geodesic image segmentation, Computer Vision–ECCV, Springer, 99–112, (2008) @No $ @ @ Borgefors G., Distance transformations in digital images, Computer vision, graphics, and image processing, 34(3), 344–371 (1986) @No $ @ @ Sethian J.A., Fast marching methods, SIAM review, 41(2), 199–235 (1999) @No $ @ @ Prasad M., Panda S., Deepthi G. and Anisha V., Face recognition using pca and feed forward neural networks, Int. J. of Comp. Sci. and Tele.,2(8), 79–82 (2011) @No $ @ @ Perlibakas V., Face recognition using principal component analysis and wavelet packet decomposition, Informatica, 15(2), 243–250 (2004) @No $ @ @ Er M.J., Chen W. and Wu S., High-speed face recognition based on discrete cosine transform and rbf neural networks, Neural Networks, EEE Transactions, 16(3), 679–691 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lai J.H., Yuen P.C. and Feng G.C., Face recognition using holistic fourier invariant features, Pattern Recognition, 34(1), 95–109 (2001) @No $ @ @ Tjahyadi R., Liu W. and Venkatesh S., Application of the dct energy histogram for face recognition, ICITA 2004, Proc. of the Second International Conference on Information Technology and Applications, 314–319, IEEE, (2004) @No $ @ @ Tjahyadi R., Liu W., An S. and Venkatesh S., Face recognition via the overlapping energy histogram, IJCAI, 2891–2896 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lay J.A. and Guan L., Image retrieval based on energy histograms of the low frequency dct coefficients, Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, IEEE International Conference, , 3009–3012 (1999) @No $ @ @ Muhammad Sharif S.M.M.R. and Shah J.H., Sub-holistic hidden markov model for face recognition, Res. J. of Rec. Sci.,2(5), 10–14 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sethian J.A., A fast marching level set method for monotonically advancing fronts, Proc. of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(4), 1591–1595 (1996) @No  
<#LINE#>The Relationship between the Learning Organization Dimensions and Transformational Leadership in Petrochemical Industry in Iran<#LINE#>Nasirabadi@FazlollahZarepour,Elham@Vahedi,Vahedi@Mahdi<#LINE#>26-33<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJRS-2013-734.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Public Management, Azad University of Kerman, Kerman, IRAN @ Department of Executive Master of Business Administration,Alborz, IRAN @ Department of Industrial Management, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, IRAN<#LINE#>11/10/2013<#LINE#>19/12/2013<#LINE#>  Nowadays, the external environment for many companies is characterized by turbulence associated with globalization, changing customers and investor demands, increasing product market competition, technology growth, considering knowledge and learning as the main assets of organizations and rapid increasing change and chaos. Some management sages advocated new “generative transformational” forms of learning to deal with an external reality in which everything is constantly evolving or “becoming”. These assumptions rise to the notion of learning organization. However, examining the relationship between learning organization dimensions and other organizational elements makes it possible to draw on suitable strategies in order to improve learning. In this study the relationship between learning organization dimensions in point view of Watkins and Marsick including continuous learning, dialogue and inquiry, team learning, embedded system, system connection, ,empowerment, Strategic leadership and transformational leadership have been investigated.  This study is a descriptive correlational research. Considering goal, it is an applied research. Statistical Population of the study includes Iranian National Petrochemical companies that are 45. Due to the accessibility of the whole statistical population, in this research census samplingmethod has been used. Research findings showed a significant relationship between transformational Leadership and three dimensions (among 7 dimensions) of learning organization which consist of "continuous learning", "team learning", and "embedded system". In considering the triple levels of learning organization, the findings illustrated a significant relationship between transformational Leadership and two levels (group and organizational).<#LINE#> @ @ Abdullah I., Rashid Y., and Umair T., Effect of Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management Practices on Organizational Performance, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 3(5), 34-39 (2013) @No $ @ @ Coulson-Thomas C.J., Developing tomorrow’s professionals today, Journal of European Industrial Training, 15(1), 3-11 (1991) @No $ @ @ Florence T.T. and Phua D., Senior executives’ perception of environmental uncertainty and the strategic functions of construction, International Journal of Project Managementxxx xxx–xxx, 1- 9, (2007) @No $ @ @ Rowden R.W., The learning organization and change, SAM Advanced Management Journal, 66(3), 11-20 (2001) @No $ @ @ Yang Jen-Te, Knowledge Sharing: Investigating Appropriate Leadership Roles and Collaborative Culture, Tourism Management, 28(2), 530–543 (2007) @No $ @ @ Kiedrowski P.J., Quantitative Assessment of a Senge Learning Organization Intervention, the Learning Organization. 13(4), 369-383 (2006) @No $ @ @ Marquardt M.J., Building The Learning Organization, 2nd  ed., Daviese-Black, Palo Alto, CA - McClelland, D.C. (1975) @No $ @ @  Power: The inner experience. New York: Irvington Publishers (2002) @No $ @ @  Hill Rosemary, A measure of the learning organization, Industrial and Commercial Training, 28(1), 19–25 (1996) @No $ @ @  Senge P.M.,The fifth discipline,  New York’ Doubleday Publ (1990) @No $ @ @  Senge P.M., the Leaders’ New Work: Building Learning Organizations, Sloan Management Review, 32(1), 7-23 (1990) @No $ @ @ Tashapara A., Cognation, Culture and Competition, the Learning Organization, 10(1), 31-50 (2003) @No $ @ @  Daft R.L., Organization Theory and Design, 7th ed., South Western College, Cincinnati, OH (2001) @No $ @ @  Watkins K.E. and Marsick V.J., Sculpting the Learning Organization: Lessons in the Art and Science of Systemic Change, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA (1993) @No $ @ @  Watkins K.E. and V.J. Marsick, In Action: Creating the Learning Organization, Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training and Development, (1996) @No $ @ @  Pedler M., Burgoyne J. and Boydell T., the Learning Company: A Strategy for Sustainable Development, McGraw-Hill, London (1991) @No $ @ @  Garvin, D. Building a learning organization. Harvard Business Review, July-August, 78- 91(1993) @No $ @ @  Morgan, G., Images of Organization, Sage, London (1997) @No $ @ @  Schein, E. H., Organizational and Managerial Culture as a Facilitator or Inhibitor of Organizational Learning, Sloan Management Review, May, (1994) @No $ @ @ Yeo Roland K., Revisiting the roots of learning organization: A synthesis of the learning organization literature, The Learning Organization, 12(4), 368-382, (2005) @No $ @ @  Tsang E.W.K., Organizational learning and the learning organization: a dichotomy between descriptive and prescriptive research, Human Relations, 50(1), 73-89 (1997) @No $ @ @  Argyris C. and Schone D.A., Organizational learning: A Theory of Action Perspective, Reading, MA. Addison-Wesley (1978) @No $ @ @ Easterby-Smith M., Disciplines of organizational learning: contributions and critiques, Human Relations, 50(9), 1085-113 (1997) @No $ @ @ Easterby S.M. and Araujo L., Organizational learning: current debates and opportunities, In Easterby-Smith, M., Burgoyne J. and Araujo L. Organizational Learning and the Learning Organization: Developments in Theory and Practice. London: Sage (1999) @No $ @ @  Ortenblad Anders, On Differences Between Organizational learning and learning organization, The Learning Organization, 8(3), 125-133 (2001) @No $ @ @  Redding, J., Hardwiring the learning organization, Training & Development, 51(8), 61-7 (1997) @No $ @ @  Fey C.F. et al., Developing a model of leadership styles: what works best in Russia?, International Business Review,10, 615–643 (2001) @No $ @ @  Bass B.M. and Avolio B.J., Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; (1994) @No $ @ @  Bass B. and Avolio B.J., Multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ) Form 5X-Short, Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden, Inc.; (2000) @No $ @ @  Rafferty A.E. and M.A. Griffin, The Leadership Quarterly, 15, 329–354 (2004) @No $ @ @  Bass B., Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: The Free Press(1985) @No $ @ @  Keegan A.E. and Den Hartog D.N., Transformational leadership in a project-based environment: a comparative study of the leadership styles of project managers and line managers, International Journal of Project Management, 22 609–617 (2004) @No $ @ @  Bass, B. M. Two decades of research and development in transformational leadership, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9–32 (1999) @No $ @ @ Casimir G., Combinative aspects of leadership style ordering and temporal spacing of leadership behaviors, The Leadership Quarterly, 12 245–278 (2001) @No $ @ @  Senge P., Roberts C., Ross R.B., Smith B.J. and Kleiner A., The fifth discipline fieldbook New York’ Doubleday Publ., (1994) @No $ @ @  Tushman M.L. and Nadler D.A., Organizing for innovation. California Management Review, 28(3), 74– 92 (1986) @No $ @ @  Brown lillas M. and Posner Barry Z., Exploring the relationship between learning and leadership, Leadership and Organization Development Journal22/6, 274-280 (2001) @No $ @ @  Arago´n-Correa J.A., Garcýa-Morales Výctor J., Cordon-Pozo E., Leadership and organizational learning’s role on innovation and performance: Lessons from Spain, Industrial Marketing Management,36, 350 349–359 (2007) @No $ @ @  Dervitsiotis K., The challenge of managing organizational change, Total Quality Management,9(1), 109-122 (1998) @No $ @ @  Senge P.M., Transforming the Practice of Management, Paper presented at the Systems Thinking in Action Conference, 14 November (1991) @No $ @ @  Barati M., Dadashi I., Behzadnia Z. and Zarei S.,A Study of Risk Management in Iranian Banks, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2(7),1-7(2013) @No $ @ @  Rosman Md. Y., Shah F.A., Hussain J. and Hussain A.,Factors Affecting the Role of Human Resource Department in Private Healthcare Sector in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI), Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(1),84-90(2013) @No $ @ @  Riaz A., Noor A. and Muhammad T.M., The Essence of Project Leadership is Significant to Project Management, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(5), 44-48 (2013) @No  
<#LINE#>Relationship between Internet Competency and Academic Achievement of Science Students in Bachelor Level<#LINE#>Azizi@Eshaghali<#LINE#>34-38<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJRS-2013-752.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Studies in Education, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA<#LINE#>18/10/2013<#LINE#>12/1/2014<#LINE#>  This paper was aimed to answer whether there is relationship between internet competency (IC) and academic achievement (AA) among science students in bachelor level with various combination of subjects (PCM, PMCs and CBZ). This was a correlation study with prediction and analytical research. A total of 254 science students in bachelor level of final year were drawn randomly from the four chosen colleges giving representation to three different combinations- PCM, CBZ and PMCs. One college under each type: Private Aided College, Private Unaided College, Government College and Mysore University Constituent College. One of chosen using convenience sampling technique. The IC questionnaire prepared by the researcher employed to assess IC in total and component wise. The data analyzed using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression. The findings indicated that component of information search significantly and negatively correlated with AA of science students in bachelor level with different combination of subjects (PMCs, PCM, and CBZ). Further results showed that in total there was no significant positive relationship between IC and AA of Science Students in Bachelor Level.  <#LINE#> @ @ Jegede O.J., Technology and the third world: students’ perception of computer in education in Nigerian classrooms, Paper presented at the 5th World Conference on Computer in Education, Sidney, Australia, (1990) @No $ @ @ Usha M.M., (Ed.), Information management in new millennium, Allied, New Delhi, (2002) @No $ @ @ Ojedokun A.A. and Owolabi E.O., Internet access competence and use of the Internet for teaching and research activities by University of Botswana academic staff, African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science, 11(1), 43-53 (2003) @No $ @ @ Kling R. and Callahan E., Electronic journals, the Internet and scholarly communication, In Cronin, B. (Ed.), Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 37, (2004) @No $ @ @ Azizi E. and Yeshodhara K., Level of Internet competency among bachelor degree science students of different types of colleges – A comparative study, Quest International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(1), 19-28 (2013) @No $ @ @ Israel B., Understanding the Web: Social, political, and economic dimensions of the Internet, Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77, 931-933 (2000) @No $ @ @ DiMaggio P., Hargitti E., Neuman W.R. and Robinson J.P., Social implications of the Internet, Review of Sociology, 27,307-336 (2001) @No $ @ @ Cairncross F., The death of distance: How the communications revolution will change our lives London, England: Orion (1997) @No $ @ @ Jackson L.A., von Eye A., Biocca F.A., Barbatsis G., Zhao Y. and Fitzgerald H.E., Does home Internet use influence the academic performance of low-income children? Developmental Psychology, 42(3), 429-435 (2006) @No $ @ @ Borzekowski D.L.G. and Robinson T.N., The remote, the mouse, and the no.2 pencil-The household media environment and academic achievement among third grade students, Achieves of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 159, 607-613 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lenhart A., Rainie L. and Lewis O., Teenage life online: The rise of the instant-message generation and the Internet’s impact on friendships and family relationships, PEW Internet & American Life Project, Washington, D.C., (2001) @No $ @ @ Lenhart A., Madden M. and Hitlin P., Teens and technology, Washington, D.C.: PEW and American Life Project, (2005) @No $ @ @ Castells M., The Internet galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, business, and society, New York: Oxford University Press, (2001) @No $ @ @ PEW Internet and American Life Project., Parent and teenager Internet use, Retrieved from http://www.pewInternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Teen_Parents_data_ mem o _Oct2007.pdf (2007) @No $ @ @ Kim, S., The effects of Internet use on academic achievement and behavioral adjustment among South Korean adolescents: Mediating and moderating roles of parental factors (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Syracuse University, South Korean, (2011) @No $ @ @ Adegoke S.P., Effect of Internet browsing on students academic achievement at the senior secondary school level, International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), (3), (2013) @No $ @ @ Yang Kim S., The relationship among self-regulation, Internet use, and academic achievement in a computer literacy course dissertation (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA., (2009) @No $ @ @ Puzziferro M., Online technologies self-efficacy and self-regulated learning as predictors of final grade and satisfaction in college-level online courses, The Amer, Jrnl. of Distance Education, 22(2), 72-89 (2008) @No $ @ @ Lim P.G., Pedagogical and learning strategies for promoting Internet information literacy in Singapore secondary school students, International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning, 1(3), 30-43 (2005) @No $ @ @ Azizi E. and Yeshodhara K., Self-regulated learning strategies among bachelor  degree science students of different types of Colleges – A comparative study, Indian Streams Research Journal, 3(6)7-12 (2013) @No $ @ @ Hassanzadeh, R., Research methods for behavioral sciences a practical guide to research, Tehran, Iran: Savalan, (2003) @No $ @ @ LaRose R., Mastro D.A. and Eastin M.S., Understanding Internet usage: A social cognitive approach to uses and gratification, Social Science Computer Review, 19, 395-413 (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Recognition the Historical Roots of Governmental Management in Iran and the Examination of Effective Principles in Successful Performance of Electronic Government<#LINE#>Basnas@Mehri<#LINE#>39-46<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJRS-2013-803.pdf<#LINE#> University of Tabriz (Phd), Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, IRAN<#LINE#>28/10/2014<#LINE#>10/1/2014<#LINE#>  The aim of this study is to examine the history of governmental management until electronic government and the study of effective principles in successful performance in Iran. The statistical society of this study is Tabriz (a city in Iran) which had 1506188 people in numeration in 2011. According to Morgan table 385 people have been selected in random. In order to examine the root of governmental management it has been used from library studies, documents and proofs and in order to examine the main principles of development and the main obstacles of the development of electronic government it has been used from questionnaire. The method of analysis was description. The reliability of questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and SPSS device and at the end I have found 0.833. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by context validity. The results of this study show that the governmental management has a deep-rooted history and it shows that there is a meaningful relation between the level of education and the successful performance of electronic government. There is a meaningful relation between the efficient of Internet and the successful performance of EG. <#LINE#> @ @ Namekh P., Principles of Governmental Administration, Tehran: The publications of hastan (1388) @No $ @ @ Mazareii A., Economic and Social History of Iran and  Iranians from the beginning to Safavid, Dehkhoda publication, Tehran (1384) @No $ @ @ Tabatabaii Motameni M., Administrative Law, Tehran University (1368) @No $ @ @ Besharat A. and Sadeghpour A., Bureaucracy, the faculty of Administrative Sciences and commercial management, Tehran University (1352) @No $ @ @ Khajavi M., The type of managing Iran during the Achaemenid, administrative Journal,  The Magazine  of administrative center of Iran, Tehran (1349) @No $ @ @ Sadeghpour A., The history of administrative developments in Iran, Tehran, The faculty of Administrative Sciences and commercial management (1349) @No $ @ @ Feyzi T., Principles of Governmental Administration, Volumes I and II, Payame Nour (1371) @No $ @ @ Badeii A., management process in Iran, administrative skills, numbers 5 and 6, Tehran (1344) @No $ @ @ Ghovahi A., The origins of the Iranian Revolution (translation), published by Diba, Tehran (1369) @No $ @ @ Gasiorowski J., Foreign Policy of America and the king of Iran, translated by Fereydun Fatemi, Center Publication, Tehran (1371) @No $ @ @ Tahmasebi R., Introduction to Theories of governmental Administration, Tehran: The organization of study and editing the humanities books at universities, the centers of Humanities research and development, summer (1390) @No $ @ @ Nargesiyan A., governmental management theories, Tehran: The publications of Neghahe Danesh (1390) @No $ @ @ Humburg V., Understanding E-government Information system in public Administration. Routldge Publishing in Taylor and Francis Group, 1-140 (2008) @No $ @ @ Fountain J., Building the Virtual Stat, Washington, Dc: Brooking Institution (2001) @No $ @ @ Anttiroiko, A.-V., Electronic government: Concepts, Methodolies, Tools, and Application, Hershey, Information Science Reference, 1-4337 (2008) @No $ @ @ Elahi Shaaban Abdi B. and Danaiifar H., The acceptance of e-government in Iran: expressing the proposed role of individual, organizational and social variables  in acceptance of the technology, The vision of governmental management, , Spring, 67-41 (1389) @No $ @ @ Lu Y., Zhou T. and Wang B., Exploring Chinese Users, Acceptance of Instant Messaging using the theory of planned behavior, the Technology Acceptance Model, and the Flow Theory, Computers in Human Behavior, 25, 29-35 (2009) @No $ @ @ Wang Y. and Shih Y., Why do People use Information Kiosks? A Validation of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, Government Information Quarterly, 26, 158–165 (2009) @No $ @ @ The Secretariat of Supreme Council of Informing., Codification of the plan of Comprehensive IT for Iran, Report on the current status of e-government in Iran (1387) @No $ @ @ Masomi E. and et al., The Relationship between Organizational Climate Dimensions and Corporate Entrepreneurship, Case Study: Meshkinshahr Payam Noor University), Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(11), 107-113 (2013) @No $ @ @ Khaki G.R., Research methodology with thesis writing approaches, Tehran, Baaztab Publications (2011) @No $ @ @ Atazade Y. Iranzadeh S. and Jabbari Khamaneh H., Effective Internal strategic factors on customer satisfaction from the perspective of  organization’s managers in Tabriz travel agencies, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(9),40-46 (2013) @No $ @ @  Beheshti V. Iranzadeh S. and Jabbari Khamaneh H., Survey on the Impact of Financial Payment on Employees’ Motivation (Case Study: Ardebil Melli(National) Bank), Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(8), 72-78 (2013) @No $ @ @ Masomi E. and et al., The Study of Corporate Entrepreneurship and its Relationship with job satisfaction (the case study: Sepah Bank, branches of Golestan Province), Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(3), 104-111 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sarmad Z. and et al, Research methodology in behavioral sciences, Tehran, Aghaah Publications (2006) @No $ @ @ Masomi E. and et al., Survey on the role of knowledge management on the quality of working life (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, Pars Abad Branch), Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(2), 100-108 (2014) @No $ @ @ Sakaran O., Research methodology in management, translated by Mohammad Saebi & Mahmud Shirazi, Tehran, The Publications of the high institute of management research and organization, 3rd edition (2005) @No $ @ @ Momeni M., Statistical analysis using spss, Tehran: Ketabe No Publications (2008) @No $ @ @ Ghafari Ashtiani P., Representing a model for evaluating the affective factors on positive verbal advertisement in the market, Doctoral dissertation in trade management, Tehran Azad University (2008) @No $ @ @ Heydarzadeh J. Jabbari H. and Ghodrati H., The Study of The Relationship Between Product Market Competition and Capital Structure of Companies Which is accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(1), 33-37 (2014) @No $ @ @ Farazmand A., Development and comparative public administration: past, present, and future, publive administration quarterly, Randallstown, 20(3), 343, 22 (1996) @No  
<#LINE#>Growth, structural and opto-electrical studies of glycine doped malic acid crystal for nonlinear applications<#LINE#>Mohd@Anis<#LINE#>47-51<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJRS-2013-810.pdf<#LINE#> Crystal Growth Laboratory, Department of Physics, Milliya Arts Science and Management Science College, Beed-431122, Maharashtra, INDIA<#LINE#>29/10/2013<#LINE#>9/1/2014<#LINE#>  The present communication reports impact on structural, optical and dielectric properties of optically active glycine doped malic acid crystal. The grown crystal was subjected to powder XRD, UV-Vis studies, FT-IR analysis and SEM characterizations. The structure and surface morphology has been examined by powder XRD and SEM analysis. The UV-Vis studies revealed high transparency and cut off was found to be 361 nm imperative to evaluate the electronic band structure and optical properties. The grown crystal inherits wide band gap, low susceptibility and high optical conductivity eminent for optical device fabrication. The lower dielectric characteristics were ascertained from dielectric studies. The imprints of glycine were evaluated by FTIR analysis. <#LINE#> @ @ Hussaini S.S., Dhumane N.R., Dongre V.G., Shirsat M.D., Growth and characterization of an NLO material – crystal of triglycine acetate, Mater. Sci.,  27(2), 365-372 (2009) @No $ @ @ Martin Britto Dhas S.A., Bhagavannarayana G. and Natarajan S., Growth, HRXRD, Microhardness and Dielectric Studies on the NLO Material L-Alaninium Maleate, The open crystalo. J., , 42-45 (2008) @No $ @ @ Karunanithi U., Arulmozhi S. and Madhavan J., Synthesis and Characterization of Pure and Doped L- Arginine Maleate Single Crystals, J. Appl. Phys., 1(2), 14-18  (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohan Kumara R., Rajan Babub D., Jayaramanc D., Jayaveld R. and Kitamura K., Studies on the growth aspects of semi-organic L-alanine acetate: a promising NLO crystal, J. Cryst. Growth, 275, 1935-1939 (2005) @No $ @ @ Arun K.J. and Jayalekshmi S., Growth and Characterisation of Nonlinear Optical Single Crystals of L-Alaninium Oxalate, J. Minrl. Mater. Char. & Engr., 8(8), 635-646 (2009) @No $ @ @ Praveen Kumar P., Manivannan V., Sagayaraj P. and Madhavan J., Growth and characterization of pure and doped NLO L-arginine acetate single crystals, Bull. Mater. Sci., 32(4), 431-435 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sekar C. and Parimaladevi R., Effect of silver nitrate (AgNO3) on the growth, optical, spectral, thermal and mechanical properties of -glycine single crystal, J. optoelctrncs. Biomdcl. Minerals,1(2), 215-225 (2009) @No $ @ @ Hussaini S.S., Dhumane N.R., Dongre V.G., Shirsat M.D., Effect of Glycine on Optical and Thermal Properties of KDP Single Crystal, Frntr. Micro. Optoelctrncs, 19(6),196-201 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hussaini S.S., Dhumane N.R., Dongre V.G. and Shirsat M.D., Effect of glycine on the optical properties of Zinc Thiourea Chloride (ZTC) single crystal, Optoelctrncs. Advc. Mater., 2(2), 108-112 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kavitha P., Shanthi J., and Deepthi P. R., Optical Properties and Density Functional Theory Study of Single Crystal Glycine, Intrl. J. App. Phys. Math., 2(4), 293-295 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sabari Girisun T. C. and Dhanuskodi S., Linear and nonlinear optical properties of tris thiourea zinc sulphate single crystals, Cryst. Res. Technol., 44(12), 1297-1302 (2009) @No $ @ @ Vasudevan P., Sankar S. and Jayaraman D., Synthesis, Optical and Electrical Studies of Nonlinear Optical Crystal: L-Arginine Semi-oxalate, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 34(1),128-132 (2013) @No  
<#LINE#>Terpenes and Antimicrobial Activity from Lantana Camara Leaves<#LINE#>Mariajancyrani,Chandramohan,Ravikumar<#LINE#>52-55<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJRS-2013-891.pdf<#LINE#> Department of chemistry, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College, Poondi, Thanjavur-613 503, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>19/11/2013<#LINE#>25/2/2014<#LINE#>  The plant leaves contain a number of medicinally important compounds. The present study was carried out to identify the saturated terpenoid alkane, triterpenoid and evaluate antimicrobial activity of hexane extract of Lantana camara leaves. The terpenoids were separated from hexane crude extract by using column chromatography and Thin layer chromatography. Column chromatography was eluted with hexane, chloroform solvent mixtures of increasing polarity.   The structures of this isolated compound were identified on the basis of spectral analysis. i.e. FT-IR, H’NMR, 13CNMR, EI/MS. Terpene  characterization using various spectroscopic analysis the final identified terpene as Calarane and 3-hydroxy-10,19-en-urs-28-oic acid. The antimicrobial activity was determined by well diffusion method and tested against different pathogens of three bacteria and two funguses. Antimicrobial activity of 50, 100 and 150% Hexane extract of Lantana camara leaves has been evaluated against streptococcus pneumoniae, Aspergillus niger, Salmonella typhi, klebsiella pneumoniae, Trichophyton Violaceum. In 150% concentration of hexane extract showed the highest antibacterial zone against streptococcus pneumoniae. In 100% and 150% concentration the extract showed the highest antimicrobial zone against Aspergillus niger.  This is the first report of the isolation and identification of above compound from hexane extract of  Lantana camara leaves <#LINE#> @ @ http://en.Wikipedia.Org/w/index.php?title=Lantana&oldid=504917753(2013) @No $ @ @ http://en.Wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terpene&oldid=497944789(2013) @No $ @ @ http://en.Wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sesquiterpene&oldid=485293959(2013) @No $ @ @ Sumeet Dwivedi, Lantana camara Linn, (Raimuniya): A Noxious weed having Pivotal importance in therapeutics, Pharmainfo net; , (2008) @No $ @ @ Hidayat Hussain, Javid Hussain, Ahmed Al-Harrasi and Zabtakhan shinwari, Chemistry of   Some species genus Lantana, Pak.J., 43, 51-62 (2011) @No $ @ @ Kurade N.P., Jaitak V., Kaul V.K. and Sharma O.P., Chemical composition and antibacterial  Activity of essential oils of Lantana camara, Ageratum houstonianum and Eupatorium Adenophorum, Pharm Biol;48(5), 539-544 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sousa E.O., Colares A.V., Rodrigues F.F.G., Campos A.R., Lima  S.G. and Costa J.G.M., Effect of Collection Time on Essential oil Composition  of Lantana camara Linn (Verbenaceae) Growing in Brazil Northeastern, Rec.Nat.Prod., 4(1), 31-37 (2010) @No $ @ @ Om P. Sharma, Sarita Sharma, Vasantha Pattabhi, Shashi B., Mahato, Pritam D. Sharma, A Review of the Hepatotoxic Plant Lantana camara, Nat Prod Res, 24(2), 160-166 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jasim Uddin Chowdhury, Nemai Chandra Nandi and Nazrul Islam Bhuiyan, Chemical Composition of leaf essential oil of Lantana camara L. from Bangladesh, Bangladesh.  J. Bot, 36(2), 194-194 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mariajancyrani P., Kannan P.S.M., Kumaravel S., GC-MS analysis of Lantana camara L Leaves, IJPRD,    2(11), 63-66 (2011) @No $ @ @  Mariajancyrani J., Chandramohan G., Meenaksjisundaram S.P. and Loganathan B., Antioxidant Activity, phytochemical analysis and activity of non polar chemical constituents from Lantana camara leaves, IJPRD,  4(06), 108-113 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mariajancyrani J., Chandramohan G. and Kumaravel S., Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Some Garden Plant Leaves Against Lactabacillus Sp, Streptococcus mitis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, African J. Basic & Appl. Sco;4(4), 139-142 (2012) @No $ @ @ Metlin.scripps.edu/metabo_search_alt2.php-United State (2013) @No $ @ @ Gangwal A., Parmer S.K. and  Sheth N.R., Triterpenoid, flavonoids and sterols from Lagenaria siceraria fruits,  Der Pharmacia Lettre,2(1),  307 (2010) @No $ @ @ Badakhshan M.P., Sasidharan S., Rameshwar N.J., Ramanathan S., A Comparative Study: Antimicrobial Activity of Methanol Extracts of Lantana camara Various parts, Phcog Res;1, 348-351 (2010) @No $ @ @ Randrianalijaona J.A., Ramanoelina PAR, Rasoarahona JRE, Gaydou EM, Chemical compositions of aerial part essential oils of Lantana camara L. Chemotypes fromMadagascar, J. Essential Oil Res.,18, 405-407 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Examination of Relationship between Effective Components on Technological Innovation System and their Application in Biomass Resources<#LINE#>Bahareh@Ansari,Mirdamadi@SeyedMehdi,SeyedJamalFarajollah@Hosseini,Younes@Noorollahi<#LINE#>56-66<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJRS-2014-475.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Agricultural Development, College of Agriculture, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Dept. of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Tehran Sci. and Research Branch, Islamic Azad Uni., Tehran, IRAN @ Dept. of Renewable Energy and Environmental Engineering, College of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>26/2/2014<#LINE#>2/5/2014<#LINE#>  The present research examines designing of a model for biomass resources (livestock waste) application in the rural areas in Tehran province with emphasis on use of technological innovation system. Considering the nature of investigation, it is a type of quantitative and practical study with correlational measures. A survey was used to collect the required data. The population consists of all cattle owners in Tehran province that according to the Agricultural Jihad organization, they are 4677 subjects in 11 cities. Of these, 355 owners were selected via the Cochran’s formula through stratified random sampling method.  The SPSS software was a means to analyze the data. The main result of the current study is that socio-cultural functions of innovation, transmission, distribution, promotion, and training of technological innovative knowledge and formation of technology markets hold a direct and meaningful association with application of biomass resources. Moreover, the multivariate regression analysis results indicate that functions related to constraints an obstacles cannot explain application biomass changes. Functions of technological innovative system are able to explain changes of using biomass resources. In addition, the independent variables are able to explain changes in formation of technology market, improvement of innovative entrepreneurship activities as well as the function of development and increase of innovative human resources.  <#LINE#> @ @ Yusang Ch, Jinsoo L, Hyerim Y. Alternative projection of the world energy consumption-in comparison with the 2010 international energy outlook, Elsevier, Journal of Energy Policy, 50, 154-160 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hashemi J., Oil caused to forget new energies, Shargh paper; No. 1288, Economic section, http://www.magiran.com/npview.asp?ID=2312257 (2011) @No $ @ @ Ishida H., Causal Relationship between Fossil Fuel Consumption and Economic Growth in Japan: A Multivariate Approach, Econ-journals, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, , 127-136 (2013) @No $ @ @ Verger Y., L'économie stationnaire du point de vue de la production jointe: le cas des bioénergies, HAL, Post-Print with number hal-00804223, Clermont-Ferrand, France (2013) @No $ @ @ Demirbas A.H., Importance of Rural Bioenergy for Developing Countries. Sila Science, University Mah, Mekan Sok, Trabzon, Turkey, International Journal of Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 2386-2398 (2007) @No $ @ @ Hashemi J., Radpour G., Iran Khah S., Rezaei M. andJafari M., Hydrogen fuel cell technology, theoretical basics and applications, office of hydrogen fuel, Adab publication (2008) @No $ @ @ Organization of municipalities, Biomass resource assessment of potential project, Executive Project Management Institute, urban and rural (2010) @No $ @ @ Nasiri J., Introduction to Mashhad biogas power plant, Journal of new energies;, 15(3), 3-5 (2010) @No $ @ @ Dimitrova D., Cheriyska I. and Georgiev K., Barriers for Biogas Implementation in Bulgaria, Biogas for Eastern Europe, Project: BiG East. With support of Intelligent Energy Europe (2008) @No $ @ @ Pirouzi F., Energy production from biomass using anaerobic digestion and biogas production (2008) @No $ @ @ Gheisari M., Biogass: Joural og Nolan cows, 1(2), 1-4 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ghasemi M., Necessity to use biogas in villages (Case study: Mashhad), PhD thesis, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran (2010) @No $ @ @ Bagheri Moghadam A., Zamanian M., Rezaei M. and Radpour S., Hydrogen fuel cell technology, theoretical basics and applications, office of hydrogen fuel: Adab publication (2008) @No $ @ @ Bagheri Nejad J., National innovation system a good ground for development of technology (2006) @No $ @ @ Bajgain S. and Shakya I.S., A Successful Model of Public Private Partnership for Rural Household Energy Supply, The Nepal Biogas Support Program, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publisher, The Netherlands, SNV-Netherlands Development Organization and Biogas Sector Partnership – Nepal (2005) @No $ @ @ Varjonen V., Management of Early Phases in Innovation Process, a Case Study of Commercializing Technology in a Small Enterprise. Helsinki University of Technology, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management (2006) @No $ @ @ Nemati A., Technology of new energies, Tehran university press (2008) @No $ @ @ Mshandete A.M. and Parawira W., Biogas Technology Research in Selected Sub-Saharan African Countries - A review, African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(2), 116-125 (2009) @No $ @ @ Visakhamoorthy S., Tzanetakis T., Haggith D., Sobiesiak A. and Wen J.Z., Numerical study of a homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engine fueled with biogas, Elsevier, Applied Energy, 92, 437-446 (2012) @No $ @ @ Garay R., Kozak A., Nyars L. and Radoczne Kocsis T., The potential for the production and use of biomass-based energy sources in Hungary, Research Institute for Agricultural Economics, Journal of Studies in Agricultural Economics, 114, (2012) @No $ @ @  Chen L., Li X., Wen W., Jia J., Li G. and Deng F., The status, predicament and countermeasures of biomass secondary energy production in China, Elsevier, Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 6212-6219 (2012) @No $ @ @ Okello C., Pindozzi S., Faugno S. and Boccia L., Development of bioenergy technologies in Uganda: A review of progress, Elsevier, Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 18, 55-63 (2013) @No $ @ @ Monlau F., Latrille E., Da Costa A.C., Steyer J.P. and Carrère H., Enhancement of methane production from sunflower oil cakes by dilute acid pretreatment, Elsevier,  journal of Applied Energy, 102, 1105-1113 (2013) @No $ @ @ Namuli R., Jaumard B., Awasthi A. and Pillay P., Optimization of biomass waste to energy conversion systems for rural grid-connected applications, Elsevier, journal of Applied Energy, 102, 1013-1021 (2013) @No $ @ @ Suvisanna M., Risto R. and Jyrki L., Bioenergy Consumption and Biogas Potential in Cambodian Households, MDPI, Open Access Journal, Journal of Sustainability; 1875-1892 (2013) @No $ @ @  26.Management and Planning, Frabkhshy document specific development (entrepreneurship development and national innovation system). Development Plan, social and cultural development in Iran. Paragraph (c) of Article 155 of the Fourth Development Plan (2009) @No $ @ @ Nour Alahi Y., Renewable energy the way to future development, Jam–e Jam on line (2010) @No $ @ @ Eduardo C, Silva T. Factors Influencing The Development of Local Renewable Energy Strategies: The Cases of Lolland and Samsø Islands in Denmark, Masters of Science Degree: Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies, Lund, Sweden (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Characterization of Vitrified Porcelain Tiles using Feldspar from Three Selected Deposits in Nigeria<#LINE#>Matthew@G.O.,Fatile@B.O.<#LINE#>67-72<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1208.pdf<#LINE#>Glass and Ceramic Technology Department, School of Science and Computer Studies, Federal Polytechnic Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NIGERIA<#LINE#>18/6/2014<#LINE#>5/7/2014<#LINE#>  The production of vitrified porcelain tiles has increased in recent years due to their excellent technical characteristics such as high strength, low water absorption, excellent abrasion resistance as well as good chemical resistance. The use of good fluxing agents such as feldspar to bring about the vitrification of the porcelain tiles body has initiated intensive research work to source for suitable feldspar deposits required for manufacturing this product. In this research work, feldspar samples from Ijero-Ekiti in Ekiti state, Ajaokuta in Kogi state and Okpella in Edo state, from Nigeria were used together with other raw materials to formulate vitrified porcelain tiles compositions similar to what is obtainable in industries. The porcelain tiles samples were produced under suitable industrial conditions and sintered at 1218C. Flexural strength test, fired shrinkage test, water absorption test and abrasion resistance test were used to characterize the samples. The results show that flexural strength, abrasion resistance and water absorption of all the samples are within the acceptable values specified by international standard organization (ISO).  Chemical analysis was also carried out on the feldspar samples from the three deposits and the results show that the deposits contained all the constituents suitable for producing porcelain tiles. All the three feldspar deposits were found to be suitable for producing vitrified porcelain tiles.    <#LINE#> @ @ Luz A.P. and Ribeiro S., Use of glass waste as a raw material in porcelain stoneware tile mixtures, Ceramics International, 33, 761-765 (2007) @No $ @ @ Abadir M.F., Sallam E.H., and Bakr I.M., Preparation of porcelain tiles from Egyptian raw materials, Ceramics International,28 (3), 303–310 (2002) @No $ @ @ Peter W.O., Stefan J. and Joseph K.B., Characterization of Feldspar and Quartz Raw Materials in Uganda for Manufacture of Electrical Porcelains, Journal of Australia Ceramic Society, 41(1), 29-35 (2006) @No $ @ @ Gennaro R., Cappelletti P., Cerri G., Gennaro M., Dondi M., Guarini G., Langella A. and Naimo D., Influence of zeolites on the sintering and technological properties of porcelain stoneware tiles, Journal of the European Ceramic Society,23(13), 2237-2245 (2003) @No $ @ @ Nezahat E. and Arife Y., Development of body formulations using colemanite waste in porcelain tile production, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, 10(6), 758-769 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kamseu E., Leonelli C., Boccaccini D.N., Veronesi P., Miselli P., Giancarlo P. and Chinje M.U., Characterisation of porcelain compositions using two china clays from Cameroon, Ceramics International, 33, 851-857 (2007) @No $ @ @ Iqbal Y. and Lee W.E., Microstructural evaluation in triaxial porcelain, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 83(12), 3121-27 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lee W.E. and Rainforth W.M., Ceramic microstructures, Chapman and Hall: United Kingdom (1995) @No $ @ @ Chatterjee A., Chitwadgi S., Kulkarni M. and Kaviraj A.K., Effect of sodium and potassium feldspar ratio on the phase development and microstructure of fired porcelain tiles, Indian Ceram., 44 (1), 11–14 (2001) @No $ @ @ Esposito L., Salem A., Tucci A., Gualtieri A. and Jazayeri S.H., The use of nepheline-syenite in a body mix for porcelain stoneware tiles, Ceramic International, 31(2),233–240 (2005) @No $ @ @ Norton F.H., Fine Ceramics, Technology and Applications, McGraw-Hill: New York (1970) @No $ @ @ Garkida A.D., Ijero Feldspar: A source of good potassium Alumino-silicate for the Glass and Ceramics industries, Ashakwu Journal of Ceramics, 1(1) 72-74 (2003) @No $ @ @ Martín-Márquez J., Rincón M.J. and Romero M., Effect of firing temperature on sintering of porcelain stoneware tiles, Ceramics Internacional, 34, 1867-1873 (2008) @No $ @ @ Leonelli C., Bondioli F., Veronesi P., Romagnoli M., Manfredini T., Pellacani G.C. and Cannillo V., Enhancing the mechanical properties of porcelain stoneware tiles: a microstructural approach, Journal of European Ceramics Society, 21(6), 785–793 (2001) @No $ @ @ Dondi M., Ercolani G., Melandri C.,  Mingazzini C. and  Marsigli M., The chemical composition of porcelain stoneware tiles and its influence on microstructural and mechanical properties, Interceram,28(2), 75–82 (1999) @No  
<#LINE#>Screening of Raw Buffalos Milk from Karnataka for Potential Probiotic Strains<#LINE#>Nannu@Shafakatullah,M.@Chandra<#LINE#>73-78<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1217.pdf<#LINE#>insNannu Shafakatullah* and M. Chandra Dept. of Bio-Sciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri-574199, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA<#LINE#>21/6/2014<#LINE#>20/7/2014<#LINE#>  Buffalo’s milk was cultured with appropriate dilution on MRS media for the isolation of potential probiotics and pure cultures were obtained by sub-culturing. Purification of cultures were confirmed by Gram’s staining and catalase test and identified based on morphological, cultural, physiological and different biochemical characteristics as presented in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. During lactic acid bacterial (LAB) transit through the gastrointestinal tract, ingested microorganisms were exposed to successive stress factors, including low pH in the human stomach and bile salt. These isolates were examined for survival in bile salt, acidic pH, different NaCl concentrations, anti pathogenic activity, as well as survival at different storage temperatures. These stress factors can be used as criteria for the evaluation of probiotic strains. Isolated strains of Lactobacilli spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. showed satisfactory probiotic potentials.  <#LINE#> @ @ Kalenhammer T.R., Probiotic bacteria: today and tomorrow, J Nut, 130 (2S suppl): 415S-16S (2000) @No $ @ @ Reuter G., Probiotics-Possibilities and limitations of their application in food, animal feed, and in pharmaceutical preparations for men and animals, Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 114(11-12) , 410-9 (2001) @No $ @ @  Hose H. and Sozzi T., Biotechnology group meeting: probiotics - fact or fiction?, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 51, 539-570 (1991) @No $ @ @  Gibson G.R. and Wang X., Regulatory effects of bifidobacteria on the growth of other colonic bacteria, J Appl Bacteriol., 77, 412-420 (1994) @No $ @ @  Pessi T., Sutas Y. and Saxelin M., Antiproliferative effects of homogenates derived from five strains of candidate probiotic bacteria, Appl Environ Microbiol., 65, 4725-4728 (1999) @No $ @ @ Todariki K., Mukai T., Sato S. and Toba T., Inhibition of adhesion of food-borne pathogens to Caco-2 cells by Lactobacillus strains, J Appl Microbiol., 91, 154-159 (2001) @No $ @ @  Collins M., Glenn D. and Gibson R., Probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics: Approches for modulating the microbial ecology of the gut, American J ClinNutri, 69(5), 1052s-57s (1999) @No $ @ @  Terahara M., Kurama S. and Takemoto N., Prevention by lactic acid bacteria of the oxidation of human LDL,Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 65(8), 1864-68 (2001) @No $ @ @  Collins M.D., Phillips B.A. and Zanoni P., Deoxyribonucleic acid homology studies of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei sp. nov., subsp. paracasei and subsp, tolerans, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus sp. nov., comb. Nov, Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 39, 105–108 (1989) @No $ @ @  Ouwehand A., Salminen S. and Isolauri E., Probiotics: an overview of beneficial effects. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 82, 279-289 (2002) @No $ @ @ Prasad R., Sankhyan S.K. and Karim S.A., Growth performance of broiler rabbits fed on diets containing various types of protein supplements, Indian J. Anim. Prod. Manage., 14 (4), 227-230 (1998) @No $ @ @  Ouwehand A.C., Kirjavainen P.V., Shortt C. and Salminen S., Probiotics: mechanics and established effects, Int. Dairy Journal, 9, 43-52 (1999) @No $ @ @   Chou L.S. and Weimer B., Isolation and characterization of acid- and bile-tolerant isolates from strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Journal of Dairy Science,82, 23-31 (1999) @No $ @ @  Liasi S.A., Azmi T.I., Hassan,M.D., Shuhaimi M., Rosfarizan M. and Ariff A.B.,  Antimicrobial activity and antibiotic sensitivity of three isolates of lactic acid bacteria from fermented fish product, Budu. Malaysian Journal of Microbiology,5(1), 33-37 (2009) @No $ @ @  Klaenhammer T.R. and Kullen M.J., Selection and design probiotics, International Journal of Food Microbiolog, 50(1), 45-57 (1999) @No $ @ @  Andreu A., Stapleton A.E., Fennel C.L., Hillier S.L. and Stam W.E., Haemaagglutination, adherence and surface properties of vaginal Lactobacillus species, J Infect Dis, 171, 1237-1240 (1995) @No $ @ @  Vallor A.C, Antonio M.A.D., Hawes S.E. and Hiller S.L., Factors associated with acquisition of, or persistent colonization by vaginal Lactobacilli, role of hydrogen peroxide production, J Infect Dis,184, 1431-1436 (2001) @No $ @ @  Cadieux P., Burton J., Braunstein I., Bruce A.W., et al. Lactobacillus strains and vaginal ecology, JAMA,287, 1940-1941 (2002) @No  
@Research Article
<#LINE#>State Feedback Controller Based Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for Load Frequency Control Problem<#LINE#>AshrafiHabibAbadi@Reaza,Abdolamir@Nekoubin<#LINE#>79-84<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJRS-2013-550.pdf<#LINE#>Natanz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Department of Electrical Engineering, Natanz, Isfahan, IRAN<#LINE#>14/8/2013<#LINE#>13/11/2013<#LINE#>  A major issue in the power system design and operation is Load Frequency Control (LFC). For solving load frequency control problem a new method is proposed considering the state feedback controller based on Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA). In this solution, an objective cost function is used to design the gains of the state feedback matrix. The frequency deviation and power flow variations between the two area is decreased by the proposed cost function. For minimizing the proposed cost function the ICA algorithm is considered. The proposed method evaluation is done by  applying the design controller to a two area power system with considerations regarding governor saturation and the results are compared to the one obtained by a classic PI controller. Simulation results show better operation and improved system parameters such as settling time and step response rise time using the proposed approach. <#LINE#> @ @ Shayeghi N., A robust decentralized power system load frequency control, Journal of Electrical Engineering, 59, 281-293 (2008) @No $ @ @ Calovic W.G., Linear regulator design for a load and frequency control theory, IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst.,  14,  57–62 (2012) @No $ @ @ Bengiamin N. and Chan W.C., Variable structure control of electric power generation, IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., IEEE Trans. on Power System,18(1), 305-312 (2011) @No $ @ @ Khodabakhshian S.H. and Golbon N., Robust load frequency controller design for hydro power systems, in Proc. 2005 IEEE Conf. Control Applications., 2, 1150-1154 (2011) @No $ @ @ Talaq T.  and Al-Basri F., Adaptive fuzzy gain scheduling for load frequency control,  IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 1953–1957, (2010) @No $ @ @ Noroozian M., Angquist L., Ghandhari M., Andersson G., Use of UPFC for Optimal Power Flow Control, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 12(4), 1629-1634 (2010) @No $ @ @ On the Energy Estimation of Lightning Discharge  Paras Manoj Kumar and Rai Jagdish, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(9), 36-40 (2012) @No $ @ @ Gyugyi L., Schauder C.D., Williams S.L., Reitman T.R., Torgerson D.R. and Edris A., The Unified Power Flow Controller: A New Approach to Power Transmission Control, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 10(2), 1085-1097 (1995) @No $ @ @ Nabavi-Niaki A. and Iravani M.R., Steady State and Dynamic Models of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) for Power System Studies, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 11(4), 1937-1943 (1996) @No $ @ @ L’Abbate A., Haque M.H., Becker C. and Handschin E., Advanced Steady-State Models of UPFC for Power System Studies, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 17(4), (2002) @No $ @ @ Obtaining a high Accurate Fault Classification of Power Transformer based on Dissolved Gas Analysis using ANFIS Patil Pallavi and Ingle Vikal, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(2), 97- 99(2012) @No $ @ @ Thermodynamics and the Design, Analysis and Improvement of a Combined Heat and Power System  Dev Nikhil, Attri Rajesh, Mittal Vijay, Kumar Sandeep, Mohit, Satyapal and Kumar Pardeep, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(3), 76-79 (2012) @No $ @ @ Fam D.F., Koh S.P., Tiong S.K. and Chong K.H., Qualitative Analysis of Stochastic Operations in   Dual Axis Solar Tracking Environment, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(9),74-78 (2012) @No $ @ @ Collins C., Watson N. and Wood A., UPFC Modeling in Harmonic Domain, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 21(2), 933-938 (2006) @No $ @ @ Fujita H., Akagi H. and Watanabe Y., Dynamic Control and Performance of a Unified Power Flow Controller for Stabilizing an AC Transmission System, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, 21(4), 1013-1020 (2006) @No $ @ @ Lu B. and Ooi B., Nonlinear Control of Voltage– Source Converter System, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, 22(4), 1186-1195 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>The Bandwidth of Maximal Planar Graphs<#LINE#>Ahmad@Imtiaz<#LINE#>85-89<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJRS-2013-701.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Mathematics, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>26/9/2013<#LINE#>29/11/2013<#LINE#>  Bandwidth labelling is one of the interesting labellings of graphs. The bandwidth of a simple graph is the minimum of all possible maximum differences of adjacent labelled vertices. We consider bandwidth calculation for the maximal planar graphs. We characterize bandwidth of graphs via power of paths and show embedding of some planar graphs in power of path graphs. We also show alternatively that all graphs having bandwidth at most 3 are planar and prove thatis maximal planar graph.  <#LINE#> @ @ Papadimitriou C.H., The NP-completeness of the bandwidth minimization problem, Computing, 16, 263-270 (1976) @No $ @ @ Bloom G.S. and Golomb S.W., Numbered complete graphs,unusual rules, and assorted applications, Theory and Applications of Graphs, Lecture Notes in Math., 642, 53-65(1978) @No $ @ @ Jonathan L. Gross. Jay Yellen Handbook of Graph Theory, CRC Press, New York, USA (2004) @No $ @ @ Chvatalova J., On the bandwidthproblem for graphs, PhD Thesis, Department of Combinatorial and Optimization, University of Waterloo, Canada, (1980) @No $ @ @ Lai Y. L., K. Williams, A survey of solved problems and applications on bandwidth, edgesum, and profile of graphs, J. Graph Theory, 31, 75–94 (1999) @No $ @ @ Ahmad I. and Peter M. Higgins, Bandwidth of direct products of graphs. Int. Math. Forum, 7 (22), 1321-1331 (2012) @No $ @ @ Ahmad I., Bandwidth labelling of graphs and their associated semigroups, PhD Thesis, Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Essex, UK,(2011) @No $ @ @ Diestel R., Graph Theory (Third Edition), Springer-Verlag Heidelberg, New York, (2005) @No  
<#LINE#>Survey about Preventive Maintenance System<#LINE#>Jangizehi@Mansour<#LINE#>90-93<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJRS-2013-721.pdf<#LINE#> Industrial Engineering, Chabahar Payame Noor University, Teheran, IRAN <#LINE#>6/10/2013<#LINE#>14/12/2013<#LINE#>  The gap between the processes of preservation in order to prevent sudden events in the successful samples, are obtained through the process of mapping processes and system flowchart. It is worth to say that one of the biggest obstacles in performance of preservation and maintenance systems is to present an inappropriate diagram or an unsuitable pattern that may negatively affect the whole system. Present proposal has been formed by a case study on the introduction of the preservation system and strategic planning in universities and under the processes of reengineering system and the modeling of Harvard model.  <#LINE#> @ @ Auckland, John RSS, Excellence inclusive (access to world class performance), translations doctor Mohsen Alvand Rasa Publishing, Printing, Tehran (2005) @No $ @ @ Hosseini, Seyed Mohammad, Principles of Asset Planning, University of Science Regarding Iran, Tehran (1984) @No $ @ @ Seyed Hosseini and Seyed Mohammad, Systematic planning of system maintenance in industries and services, Publishing Technology Management, Printing, Tehran (1997) @No $ @ @ System integration project report maintenance ((PM's factories, Autumn, The company Pouyan System Activities (2005) @No $ @ @ Raissi, on January (2010) @No $ @ @ , introductory courses Maintenance Co. efficiency advocates (2010) @No $ @ @  Van Chang, Richard, Continuous improvement processes, translation, and Ibrahim Mir Sohrab Khalili Schwerin satisfaction, Publishing Polices, Printing, Tehran (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Roles and Responsibilities of Local Governments (Councils) in Iran: Analytical Underpinnings<#LINE#>Alekajbaf@Hossein<#LINE#>94-101<#LINE#>16.ISCA-RJRS-2013-795.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Law, Payame- Noor University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>26/10/2013<#LINE#>16/12/2014<#LINE#>  This article explores the functions and structure of Iran local councils.  Local councils are elected by public vote to 4-year terms in all cities and villages of Iran. According to principle 7 in Iran's Constitution law, these local councils together with the Parliament are "decision-making and administrative organs of the State". This section of the constitution was not implemented until 1999 when the first local council elections were held across the country. Councils have many different responsibilities including electing mayors, supervising the activities of municipalities; studying the social, cultural, educational, health, economic, and welfare requirements of their constituencies; planning and coordinating national participation in the implementation of social, economic, constructive, cultural, and educational and other welfare affair. In this article try to explain the structure and functions of Local councils in Iran.  <#LINE#> @ @ CD Rom of Encyclopedia of Britannica (2004) @No $ @ @ Anderson B., Imagined Communities, London: Veso, , (1991) @No $ @ @ Rondinelli D., Nellis J. and Cheema G., Decentralization in Developing Countries. Washington D.C.: World Bank, , 10-13 (1983) @No $ @ @ Rondinelli et al.,Development and Change,  London: SAGE,  Newbury Park, 20, 57-87 (2009) @No $ @ @ Dillinger W., Decentralization and its Implications for Service Delivery, Washington DC: World Bank, 8 (1994) @No $ @ @ Rondinelli D., Nellis J. and Cheema G., Decentralization in Developing Countries, Washington D.C: World Bank 16 (1984) @No $ @ @ Smith B.C., Decentralization: the territorial dimension of the state, London: George Allen &Unwin, 16-18 (1995) @No $ @ @ Crook R. and Manor J., Democracy and Decentralization in South Asia and West Africa, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 23-24 (1998) @No $ @ @ IULA,IULA World Wide Declaration of Local Self-Government, International Union of Local Authorities, The Hague (1993) @No $ @ @ Danish Conference, Public Participation, Decentralization, and Integrity, proceedings of conference co-sponsored by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Economic Development Institute, Copenhagen, (1996) @No $ @ @ Mansour J., Iran Constitution Law, Tehran: Ferdosi Publishing, 29 (2011) @No $ @ @ Hojati Ashrafi G., Iran Constitution Law, Tehran: Ganje Danesh,14 (2008) @No $ @ @ Hojati Ashrafi, G. Iran Constitution Law. Tehran: Ganje Danesh, 40 (2010) @No $ @ @ Official Gazette No.12957, 12 (1989) @No $ @ @ Teymouri K., Islamic Councils in Iran. Tehran: Noavaran-e Elm Publication, 202 (2004) @No $ @ @ Madani J., Islamic Councils Law, Tehran: Payedar, 38-43 (2000) @No $ @ @ Tabatabai  Moatamani M., Administrative Law. vol. 1. Tehran: Ganje Danesh pub. 89-90 (2008) @No $ @ @ Boyne, G.A. Public Choice Theory. Journal of Local Government Studies, 23,19 (1996) @No $ @ @ Richard P.G., The Reformed Local Government System. London: George Allen & Unwin. 64 (1978) @No $ @ @ Karimi V., Famous Sample of Local Governments Tehran: Ministry of Interior- Social Affairs Office, 123 (2002) @No $ @ @ Badamchi A., Islamic Councils Law, Tehran: Dadgostar, 30 (1999) @No $ @ @ Alekajbaf Hossein, Islamic Councils in Iran Legal System, Tehran: Payame Pouya, 91 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ghorbani F. Municipalities Law, Tehran: Ferdosi Publishing,143 (1992) @No  
<#LINE#>Top Online Shopping E-companies and their Strength and Weakness (SWOT)<#LINE#>Hassan@SeyedMohammad,Amir@JahanshahiSistani,Raju@R.Satya<#LINE#>102-107<#LINE#>17.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1214.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Arts and Commerce, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, INDIA<#LINE#>17/6/2014<#LINE#>7/7/2014<#LINE#>  This paper employs SWOT analysis in strategic planning for top online shopping e-companies. The objectives of this study are same as SWOT analysis to build the company objectives more realistic. In industry ecommerce, everyone must take advantage and opportunities as fast as possible and go beyond of competitors by taking advantages especially in ecommerce because speed of changes and new technologies are coming daily. To understand future risks it is essential to know strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats.  Customers or users are source of information. In this study we were intended to analyze SWOT of four companies; Amazon.com, eBay.com, Wal-Mart and Target then we discussed it and finally we explained Potential SWOT of Online shopping e-companies. For collecting data, we searched and used up-to-date reports of companies and some business report organizations. SWOT analyses factors explain about competitors also.  <#LINE#> @ @ Houben G., Lenie K., Vanhoof K., A Knowledge-Based SWOT-Analysis System as an Instrument for StrategicPlanning in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, Decision Support Systems, 26(2), 135-125 (1999) @No $ @ @ Schafer J.B., Konstan J.A. and Riedl J., E-Commerce Recommendation Applications, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, , 115–153 (2001) @No $ @ @ Daily Mail Online grocery shopping overtakes sales of electronic goods as bargain hunters battle economic crisis [Online] Available from: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ sciencetech/article-1081194/Online-grocery-shoppingovertakes-sales-electronic-goods-bargain-hunters-battle-economic-crisis.html#ixzz0jn8uySCA(2008) @No $ @ @ Hall J., Online food shopping expected to double in five years, The Telegraph, Retrieved from http://www.telegraph .co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/7020524/Online-food-shopping-expected-to-double-in-five-years.html (2010) @No $ @ @ Sistani S.M.H.A. and Sistani H.A., Entrepreneurship and Educational Games, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(7) 98-102 (2014) @No $ @ @ Datamonitor, Global Top 10 Personal Products Companies Industry, Financial and SWOT Analysis, Datamonitor, 1-118, Retrieved from http://www.datamonitor.com/ store/Product/global_top_10_personal_products_companies_report_industry_financial_and_swot_analysis?productid=DBCM8937 (2010) @No $ @ @ Datamonitor, Global Top 10 Software and Services - Industry, Financial and SWOT Analysis, Datamonitor, 1-145 (2010) @No $ @ @ Datamonitor., Global Top 10 Multiline Retailers - Industry, Financial and SWOT Analysis, Datamonitor, 1-119 (2010) @No $ @ @ Amazon.com., Amazon,Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.amazon.com/ (2014) @No $ @ @ EBay.com.,EBay, Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.ebay.com/ (2014) @No $ @ @ Walmart.com.,Wal-Mart. Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.walmart.com/ (2014) @No $ @ @ Target.com.,Target. Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.target.com/ (2014) @No $ @ @ Grey P., How Many Products Does Amazon Sell?,Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://export-x.com/2013/12/15/many-products-amazon-sell/ (2013) @No $ @ @ Statista, E-Commerce, Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.statista.com/markets/413/e-commerce/ (2014) @No $ @ @ Strategic Management Insight, SWOT analysis of Amazon, Retrieved May 07, 2014, from http://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/amazon-swot-analysis.html (2013) @No $ @ @  Friesne, T., SWOT Analysis Amazon, Retrieved May 09, 2014, from http://www.marketingteacher.com/amazon-swot/ (2014)@No $ @ @ Dinlersoz, E. M., & Li, H., The shipping strategies of internet retailers: Evidence from internet book retailing, Quant Market Econ., , 407–438 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hennessey A., Online Bookselling. Publishing Research Quarterly., 34-51(2000) @No $ @ @  Oreski D., Strategy development by using SWOT-AHP, TEM Journal., 1(4), 283-291 (2012) @No $ @ @  Sistani S.M.H.A. and Raju R.S., E-Governmental Services for Entrepreneurs in Mashhad, Iran: An Empirical Study. Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(6) 90-95 (2014) @No  
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>An ICT based Early Warning System for Flood Disasters in Pakistan<#LINE#>Farhan@Shafiq,Kamran@Ahsan<#LINE#>108-118<#LINE#>18.ISCA-RJRS-2013-977.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Science and I.T, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, MSC Block, Block 9, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, PAKISTAN <#LINE#>30/11/2013<#LINE#>2/2/2014<#LINE#>  Pakistan is a developing country, like other developing countries Pakistan is facing so many kind problems. Natural disasters and terrorism are the major issues of Pakistan. Different types of natural disasters like earthquake, flood, drought, landslides and snow slides and galaciers melting are frequent disatter events in the region. 2005 Kashmir earthquake and 2010 flood was the mega destructive events with thousands of live losses and millions of dollors property damages. In suffecient coping capacity, pathatic communication and colloboration between different concerned departments, lack of community awareness, resources gathering  and insufficient budgeting, lack of technology awareness, adoption, integration are the most common barrieres in disaster management domain. Information and communication Technology(ICT)  is the most adopting and growing technology now a days. ICT is playing most important role in enhancing human life activities as well as increasing efficiency and accuracy along with transparency and out of space and time limitations. ICT is also contributing its lions’ share in the domain of disaster management. Various ICT based applications and services are available for disaster management. Floods are one of the most destructive disaster events in pakistan their frequency and intensity is increasing in last decade. Unpredictable and heavy moonsoon rainfalls and melting galaciers are the most common reasons for floods in pakistan which resulting in massive live losses, large amount of internally displace persons (IDPs), damages of agricultural land and crops as well as live stocks. There is an ugrent need of flood disaster management system (FDMS) equipped with state of the art ICTs. Floods forecasting and predictions, early warning, flood monitoring, risk assessment and damage assessment are the open grounds for integrating ICTs. In this study we are trying to cover the role of ICTs in flood disaster management system all over the world. Identification of challenges and opportunities in in terms of technology integration and adoption in the domain of FDMS in Pakistan, and proposing a ICT based Flood early warning systesm (FEWS) which is second face of the coin.  <#LINE#> @ @ Pathirage C., Seneviratne K., Amaratunga D. and Haigh R., Managing disaster knowledge: identification of knowledge factors and challenges, Int. J. Disaster Resilience in the Built Envir., 3(3), 237–252 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shafiq F. and Ahsan K., Knowledge Management for Disaster Scenario: An Exploratory Study, Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(10), 61-66(2013) @No $ @ @ A Review of Disaster Management Policies and Systems in Pakistan for WCDR(2005)  Islamabad, available at http://saarc-sdmc.nic.in/pdf/pakistan/file3.pdf  (2014) @No $ @ @  Rafiq L., Blaschkea T.,  Zeila P., Feizizadeha B. HazardScapes: Ranking Disaster Risk in Pakistan at District Level (2012) @No $ @ @  North-west Pakistan: Massive new displacement and falling returns require rights-based response, Available at http://www.internal-displacement.org/countries/pakistan, access on 26-7-13 (2013) @No $ @ @  Niazi J.I., Comparative Analysis of Emergency Response Operations: Haiti Earthquake in January 2010 and Pakistan's Flood in 2010. Naval Postgraduate School Montery CA Dept. of info. Sci. Chicago (2011) @No $ @ @  Flooding, www.watersafetykids.co.uk/pdfs/Flooding.pdf. accessed on 11-08-2013(2013) @No $ @ @  Monsoon 2011: Backlash of the floods? – History of Pakistan floods in Detail,  http://pakistanweatherportal.com/2011/06/13/monsoon2011-backlash-of-the-floods-history-of-pakistan-floods-in-detail/. accessed on 2-8-13 (2013) @No $ @ @  Shamshad Akhtar, The South Asiatic Monsoon and Flood Hazards in the Indus River Basin, Pakistan, J. of Basic and App. Sci.,  7(2), 101-115 (2011) @No $ @ @  Leppänen M., Emergency response logistics in action: case: Finnish Red Cross ERU mission in Pakistan 2010, Chicago (2012) @No $ @ @ Pakistan Floods July-August 2010, www.pitt.edu/~super. accessed on 11-8-13 (2013) @No $ @ @  Watt K. and Weinstein P., Casualties Following Natural Hazards. 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Impact Assessment the Next Generation 33rd Annual Meeting of the Int. Ass. for Impact Assessment, Calgary Stampede BMO Centre | Calgary, Alberta, Canada (2013) @No $ @ @ Pakistan 2010 Flood Relief – Learning from Experience, Observations and Opportunities, Available at http://www.ndma.gov.pk/Documents/flood_2010/lesson_learned/Pakistan%202010%20Flood%20Relief- Learning% 20from%20Experience.pdf , accessed on 2-8-13 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ku-Mahamud K.R., Norwawi N.M., Katuk N. and Deris S., Autonomous Notification and Situation Reporting for Flood Disaster, Manag. Comp.Info.Sci.,1(3), 20 (2008) @No $ @ @ Khan S.I., Hong Y., Wang J., Yilmaz K.K., Gourley J.J., Adler R.F. and Irwin D., Satellite remote sensing and hydrologic modeling for flood inundation mapping in Lake Victoria Basin: Implications for hydrologic prediction in ungauged basins, Geosci. and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on, 49(1), 85-95 (2011) @No $ @ @ Tran P., Shaw R., Chantry G. and Norton J., GIS and local knowledge in disaster management: a case study of flood risk mapping in Viet Nam, Disasters, 33(1), 152-169 (2009) @No $ @ @ Bhatt C.M., Rao G.S., Manjushree P. and Bhanumurthy V., Space based disaster management of 2008 Kosi floods,  North Bihar, India, Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 38(1), 99-108 (2010) @No $ @ @ Basha E.A., Ravela S. and Rus D., Model-based monitoring for early warning flood detection, Proceedings of the 6thACM conference on embedded network sensor systems, Raleigh, NC, USA: ACM, 295-308 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bhatt C.M., Rao G.S., Begum A., Manjusree P., Sharma S.V.S.P., Prasanna L. and Bhanumurthy V., Satellite images for extraction of  flood disaster footprints and assessing the disaster impact: Brahmaputra floods of June–July 2012, Assam, India, Current Science, 104(12), 1692 (2013) @No $ @ @ de Castro J.T., Salistre Jr G.M., Byun Y.C. and Gerardo B.D., Flash Flood Prediction Model based on Multiple Regression Analysis for Decision Support System, In Proc. of the World Congress on Eng. and Comp Sci., 2 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kaewkitipong L., Chen C. and Ractham P., Lessons learned from the use of social media in combating a crisis:  A case study of 2011 Thailand flooding disaster (2012) @No $ @ @ Pengel B.E., Krzhizhanovskaya V.V., Melnikova N.B., Shirshov G.S., Koelewijn A.R., Pyayt A.L. and Mokhov I.I.,  Flood early warning system: sensors and internet (2013) @No $ @ @ Thompson R., Flood Warning ICT and Data Collection Systems–From a Localised to a Highly available national Service and Moving Forward, AHA Conference, Perth (2010) @No $ @ @ Ilorme F., Flood Risk Assessment in Haiti Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems (Doctoral dissertation, Michigan  Tech. 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<#LINE#>Description of Public Participation Components in Rehabilitation and Renovation of the Deteriorated Urban Area: A Case study of Old District, Shiraz, Iran<#LINE#>AlirezaAbdollahZadeh@Fard,Alireza@Andalib,Hamid@Majedi,Bazrgar@Mohammadreza<#LINE#>119-127<#LINE#>19.ISCA-RJRS-2013-693.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>22/9/2013<#LINE#>19/11/2013<#LINE#>  The aim of this work is describing public participation components in rehabilitation and renovation of the deteriorated urban areas of Shiraz City. Using cluster sampling, 385 subjects were selected among 53,256 living in old district of Shiraz. The city was divided into 12 planning districts and questionnaires were distributed based on the ratio of population to the whole district under study. Findings were analyzed using SWOT method and regression so that effective strategic factors in rehabilitation and renovation of the deteriorated urban are identified. Findings indicated 8 internal strength points versus 10 internal weak points. Also 10 external opportunities versus 11 external threats were identified and analyzed in the district under study. Thus, overall 18 strength and opportunities points were identified as advantages and 21 weak and threat points were identified as limitations for rehabilitation and renovation of the district. In addition, other findings indicate social participation and trust have important effect on public participation in rehabilitation and renovation of the deteriorated urban areas.  <#LINE#> @ @ Alizadeh F., Optimizing worn-out textures, case study: Tehran, Urban Planning, Master Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University (1998) @No $ @ @ Bahraminejad D., Understanding and evaluating quality of the urban environment in central texture of Shiraz, Master Thesis, Shiraz University (2003) @No $ @ @ Alavi Tabar A., Pattern of citizen participation in urban governance, The Municipalities Organization Publication, Tehran (2000) @No $ @ @  4.Firoz Bakht, A comprehensive urban management based on public participation, Journal of Municipalities, 88(1), 21-32(2007) @No $ @ @ Yavar B., Participatory urbanism and participation of people in Iranian city; facts, objectives, and strategies, master's thesis, Urbanism, University of Science and Technology, Tehran, (2002) @No $ @ @ Jamal M.J., Planning and designing for worn-out and inefficient urban focusing on public participation, Journal of Municipalities, 3(81), 20-32 (2007) @No $ @ @ Saeedi M.R., An introduction to public participation and non-governmental organizations, Tehran: SAMT Publication (2003) @No $ @ @ Seyyed Bokaee S.J., Understating and analysis of public participation role in urban worn-out textures' renewal, case study: Beyn-ul-Haramein axis in Shiraz, Urbanism, Master Thesis,. School of Art and Architecture, Shahid Beheshti University, (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Employees Empowerment and Management Strategies: Case study of Governmental Organizations of Kerman<#LINE#>Sanjar@Salajegheh,Nasrin@Pirmoradi<#LINE#>128-137<#LINE#>20.ISCA-RJRS-2013-756.pdf<#LINE#>Member of scientific board, Management Department, Islamic Azad University of Kerman, IRAN @ Governmental Management, PhD degree, Islamic Azad University of Kerman, IRAN<#LINE#>19/10/2013<#LINE#>10/1/2014<#LINE#>  The purpose of present essay is surveying relationship between empowering employees and using management strategies in governmental organizations of Kerman. This research has been done with cross- sectional studies and correlation method in a population of 198 employees in governmental organizations of Kerman and choosing 322 staffs with cluster sampling. For collecting information, two standard and revised questionnaires were used which their reliability and validity has been measured. Statistical analysis was conducted by Pearson and Spearman’s correlation tests, independence test, tests of Chi-squared and Anova, multiple regression with SPSS software. Obtained results showed that there was a relationship between empowering staffs and using management strategies in governmental organizations of Kerman. Analysts suggest that there is a significant relationship between components of employees’ empowerment such as sense of competence, sense of efficacy, significant and trust sense with using management strategies. According to the results of research, it has been suggested that managers of governmental organizations should empower employees by improving and increasing management strategies and destroying powerlessness and helplessness states of employees to make them feel that they are a significant member of organization and valuable assets.  <#LINE#> @ @ Alhosseini and Seyed Hassan, The theory of continuing engineering of organization (C.E.O), BandarAbbas, the publication of Hormozgan’s university, first edition, 70, (2000) @No $ @ @ Whetten D.A. and Cameron K.S, Developing management Skills, New York: Addison- Wesley, 113 (2002) @No $ @ @ Abdulahi B, Nouh Ebrahim, Employees empowerment the golden key of human resources management, Tehran, Nashr and Virayesh publication, first edition (2006) @No $ @ @ Jabarzadeh Seyed Y., The survey of effective factors on the efficiency and empowerment of human resource of electricity distribution company of Ghazvin and presenting their development strategies, Tehran, research institute and management training, master thesis, 1, (2002) @No $ @ @ Rahnavard F, Employees’ empowerment a step to customerism, Tehran, Management and develop journal, 59, 36 (2003) @No $ @ @ Blanchard Kont and Karlos John Verandof, Alen, The management of employees’ empowerment, translation of IrannejadParezee, Tehran: modiran publication, second edition (2002) @No $ @ @ Gholami N., Employees empowerment, Skill journal,  52, 12-15 (2007) @No $ @ @ Rahmanpour L., Empowerment, concepts, structures and strategies, Tehran, Management and develop Journal, 41, 33 (2002) @No $ @ @ Poissant Albert, How the empowered persons think? 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