@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Effect of E-learning on Professional Development of University Teachers<#LINE#>Ahmad@Iqbal,Said@Hamdan,Faisal@Khan,Al-Balushi@Fatma<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2013-499.pdf<#LINE#>Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi, MALAYSIA @ Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi, MALAYSIA @ Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi, MALAYSIA<#LINE#>31/7/2013<#LINE#>6/12/2013<#LINE#>This study investigated the effects of e-learning on professional development of university teachers. E-learning is a teaching and learning methodology that connects professionals (teachers) to the unlimited cyber world where teachers find enormous opportunities for learning and development. Studies reported that despite of the availability of e-learning facilities at university level, majority teachers in public sector universities of Pakistan show less interest in e-learning. This has created deeper concerns in the circles of researchers. Hence, this study was designed to examine the perceptions of university teachers on correlation between e-learning and their professional development. Using a correlation design, the study surveyed perceptions of 230 teachers from three public sector universities in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Regression analysis was used to find out the correlation between the variables.  Results of the study showed a high correlation between e-learning and student in professional development of teachers.  <#LINE#> @ @ Jay C., An informal history of E-learning, On the horizon. (12)3 103-110 (2004) @No $ @ @ Wahab F., Saeed S. and Mumtaz W., Quality of University Computing Education: Perception of Pakistani Students, Research Journal of Recent Science, 2(7),24-30 (2013) @No $ @ @ Fishman B., The impact of online professional development, Retrieved on December 10, 2012 from http:/personal.umich.edu /~ fishman  / research / iopd.html(2006) @No $ @ @ Narmeen Bawany S. and Nouman N., A Step towards Better Understanding and Development of University Ontology in Education Domain, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(10), 57-60 (2013) @No $ @ @ Craft A., Continuing professional development: a practical guide for teachers and Schools, London: Routledge, (2000) @No $ @ @ Bishop A., Online professional development: get the facts, Retrieved on  December 13, 2012, from http://www.techlearning.com/showArticle.php?articleID=193600873 (2006) @No $ @ @ Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Education today: The OECD Perspective, OECD,(2009) @No $ @ @ Zibit M., The peaks and valleys of online professional development, Retrieved on December 11, 2012 from  http://www.elearnmag.org/subpage.cfm?section=research&article=3-1 (2006) @No $ @ @ Orzan G., Serban C., Iconaru C. and Macovei O.I., Modeling the Impact of Online Social Marketing Campaigns on Consumers’ Environmentally Friendly Behavior, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(3), 14-21 (2013) @No $ @ @ Boyle R., State-wide assessment of students: Understanding the basics of measurement, The Practicing Administrators,19(3), 30-31 (1997) @No $ @ @ Woolfolk A., Educational psychology (10th ed.). 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<#LINE#>Survey Relationship between Organizational Structure and Employees Empowerment in SEMET-CO Company<#LINE#>naziri@Samira,Reza@khodaiemahmoodi,sis@MehdiErshadi<#LINE#>5-12<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2013-630.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Management, Benab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Benab, IRAN @ Department of Management, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, IRAN @ Department of Management, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN <#LINE#>7/9/2013<#LINE#>7/12/2013<#LINE#>The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between empowerment and organizational structure and the required factors in order to propose an appropriate approach for empowerment of employees. As an approach to identify and evaluate organizational structure, three traits of formality, sophistication and concentration (Robbins theory) is applied as the basis of structure study, and psychological empowerment is employed as evaluation criterion for empowerment. According to earlier researches related to empowerment (particularly Spritzer research work), the psychological empowerment consists of four traits of competence, self-determination, meaningfulness and effectiveness. This study is a survey research and in terms of goal is applicable. The statistical population of this research is all top management and employees of SEMET-CO Company in Iran including 35 individuals. The total statistical population is selected as a sample. To analyze the statistical data, descriptive statistics techniques (including: adjusting descriptive tables, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (analysis of Spearman’s coefficient correlation, analysis of variance, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test) have been used. Regarding the results of research can be noticed that there is a correlation and a positive and significant relationship between the variables of organizational structure and psychological empowerment. Thus, all the hypotheses are confirmed.<#LINE#> @ @ Roy Y., Chu Sheena J. and Lyenger S., Empowerment through choice? A critical analysis of the effects of choice in organizations, Research in Organizational Behaviors, 12(27), 43-49 (2005) @No $ @ @ Dawarri A. and Rezaee H., Personnel's Empowerment, the Journal of Automobile Industry, 9(60) 49-56 (2002) @No $ @ @ Andrew N., Peterson A. Zimmerman, Beyond the Individual: Toward a Nomological Network of Organizational Empowerment, American Journal of Community Psychology, 2(34) 129-13 (2004) @No $ @ @ Rahman Pour L., Empowerment: concepts, structure and Tactics, Management Development, (2002) @No $ @ @ Ma R. Hechanova R.A. Alampay and E.P. France, Psychological Empowerment, Job Satisfaction and Performance among Filipino service workers ,Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 6(9) 77- 86 (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohammadi M., Personnel's Empowerment, Approaches and Processes, A Quarterly of Management Studies, 33(34)175-201 (2001) @No $ @ @ Mohammed R. Ahmadk, A Contingency Model for Empowering Customer- contact services, management decision, (1998) @No $ @ @ Powell L., Shedding a tier: flattening organizational structures and employee empowerment, The International Journal of Educational Management ,1(16) 54-67 (2002) @No $ @ @ Smith J., Personnel's Empowerment, Translated by Saeed Bagherian, Tehran, Khorram Publications, (2002) @No $ @ @ Thomas K. and Velthouse B., Cognitive Elements of Empowerment: An interpretive Model of Intrinsic task Motivation, Academy of Management Review (1990) @No $ @ @ Robbins T.L, Crino M.D, Fredendall L.D, An integrative model of the empowerment process, Human Resource Management Review, (2002) @No $ @ @ Romie F. Littrell, Influences on employee preferences for empowerment practices by the ideal manager in Chine, International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31(88) 45-59 (2007) @No $ @ @ Eisenberger R., Huntington R., Hutchison S. and Sowa D., Perceived organizational support,  Journal of Applied Psychology, 15(71) 500-507 (1986) @No $ @ @ Burke W., Leadership as empowering others. In S. Srivastra (Ed.), Executive power, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, (1986) @No $ @ @ Block P., The empowered manager. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, (1987) @No $ @ @ Deci E.L. and Ryan R.M. The General Causality Orientations Scale  SelfDetermination in Personality, Journal of Research in Personality, 19(2) 109134 (1985) @No $ @ @ Parker L. E., Path Planning and Motion Coordination in Multiple Mobile Robot Teams, in Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science, R. Meyers, Editor-inChief, Springer, (2009) @No $ @ @ Speritzer G.M., Psycological empowerment in the work place.Dimensions, Measurement, and validation, Academy of Management Journal, 8(38) 448-462 (1995) @No $ @ @ Zimmerman M.A., Empowerment theory: psychological, organizational and community levels of analysis, in rappaport j, seidman e, Eds, Handbook of community psychology. New york, kluwer academic/plenum publishers, (2004) @No $ @ @ Conger J.A. and Kanungo R.N., The empowerment process: integrating theory and practice, Academy of management review, 9(13) 471–482 (1988) @No $ @ @ Baker Keltner Denise, An Examination of the Relationship between EmployeeEmpowerment and Organizational Commitment, (2000) @No $ @ @ Huff L. and Kelly L., Is collectivism a liability? 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Ershadi sis M., Supplier's, Selection in Supply Chain with Combined QFD and ANP Approaches,Research Journal of Recent Sciences 2(6), 66-77 (2013) @No $ @ @ Arjmand Kermani R., Survey of the Relation between Organizational Structure and Informational Overload in Case Study: Payame Noor University, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(6), 52-57 (2013) @No $ @ @ Droudi H. and Dindar Farkoosh F., an Investigation on the Relation between Human Resources Management and Organizational Developments,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences 2(2), 50-53 (2013) @No $ @ @ Laxman C. and Sanjeev G.B., Study of Attenuation Coefficient Measurements in Buffalo Milk at Gamma Energy 662 keV,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences2(3), 7-13 (2013) @No $ @ @ Burns T. and Stalker G.M., The management of innovation. London: Tavistock (1961) @No $ @ @ Lynch A.F., TheEmpowerment of Teachers: Overcoming the Crisis of Confidence, The Teachers College Press: New York (1997) @No $ @ @ Chandler A., Strategy and Structure, Cambridge, Ma, MIT Press (1960) @No
<#LINE#>An Examination of the Conflict Role and Ambiguity Role on Job Satisfaction<#LINE#>Abdolmaleki@Sobhan<#LINE#>13-17<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2014-132.pdf<#LINE#>Institute for Management and Planning Studies, IRAN<#LINE#>17/1/2014<#LINE#>12/4/2014<#LINE#>The current research concerns with the relationship between conflict role and ambiguity role on job satisfaction. The main idea of this research deals with some factors which can be influential on conflict role as stimulation of customer orientation and job performance on sales people and also the central question is that to what extent they are effective? The methodology of research is to survey and to make descriptive casual which are collected by sales people in furniture market of Iran. 320 issues of sample are gathered out of 370 questionnaires which were distributed as some of them were not returned, non- returned and non-precision. The significant variable points of this research are including conflict role, ambiguity role and job satisfaction. <#LINE#> @ @ Rizzo J.R., House R.J. and Lirtzman S., Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations, Administrative Science Quarterly, 15, 150-63 (1970) @No $ @ @ Flaherty T.B., Dahlstrom R. and Skinner S.J., Organizational values and role stress as determinants of customer-oriented selling performance, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 19(2), 1-18 (1993) @No $ @ @ Babin B.J. and Boles J.S., Employee behavior in a service environment: a model and test of potential differences between men and women, Journal of Marketing, 62 (2), 7-91 (1998) @No $ @ @ Bhuian S.N., Menguc B. and Borsboom R., Stressors and job outcomes in sales: a triphasic model versus a linear-quadratic-interactive model, Journal of Business Research, 58, 141-50 (2005) @No $ @ @ Singh J., Performance productivity and quality of frontline employees in service organizations, Journal of Marketing, 64, 15-34 (2000) @No $ @ @ Wetzels M., de Ruyter K. and Bloemer J., Antecedents and consequences of role stress of retail sales persons, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, , 65-75 (2000) @No $ @ @ Kaplan S.L. and Jones J.M., Workers are seeking employers of choice, Chain Store Age, 74(10), 72-73 (1998) @No $ @ @ Weitz, Barton A., Castleberry Stephen B., Tanner John F., Selling Building Partnerships, McGraw-Hill Irwin, 4th Edition, 4-21 (2001) @No $ @ @ Hooman H.A., Recognizing the Scientific Method in Behavioral Sciences (Bases of the Research), 4th ed. Tehran: Parsa Publication (2001) @No $ @ @ Azar A. and Momeny M., Statistics and its Applications in Management Tehran: Institute of Social Sciences studying books (1998) @No $ @ @ Aghaei M., Kazemi A., Deilami Moezzi A. Rajabian M., Beigand M. and Asadollahi A., Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction in Subsidiaries of the Largest Business Holding in Iran Using the Model of Altman,  Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(8), 40-46 (2013) @No $ @ @ Aghaei M., Taghizadeh GH., Asadollahi A., Noormohammadi M., Yazdani Cherati N., and Firouzidost N., Presenting a Method for a Robust Prediction of Time Series Used in Financial Issues in an Automotive Manufacturing Company, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(10), 22-32 (2013) @No $ @ @ Aghaei M., Asadollahi A., Tonekabon M., Tajasom N., and Abbasi S., Investigating the Impact of Store Brand Price-Image and Retailer Equity Dimensions on ETKA Chain Store Customer’s Purchase Intention, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(11), 5-11 (2013) @No $ @ @ Aghaei M., Vahedi E., Asadollahi A., Safari-Kahreh M., An empirical Investigating to Effects of services Marketing mix on Brand Dimensions in Order to enhance brand Equity in the Tehran’s Chain Stores, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(2), 43-60 (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Red Mud as Adsorbent to Remove Lead (II) from Aqueous Solutions<#LINE#>Sujata@Kumar,D.@Singh,A.K.@Mishra,M.@Upadhyay,Saroj@Kumar<#LINE#>18-27<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJRS-2014-387.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, Kirodimal Institute of Technology Raigarh, CG, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, Dr. C.V. Raman University Bilaspur, CG, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, K. Govt. Arts and Sc. College Raigarh, CG, INDIA <#LINE#>14/2/2014<#LINE#>18/6/2014<#LINE#>Batch experiments under different experimental conditions have been performed to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of red mud. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models have been used to discuss the data obtained. Kinetics of adsorption have been discussed using Lagergren first-order equation, pseudo-second-order equation and intra-particle diffusion models. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy G, change in enthalpy H and change in entropy S have been evaluated and discussed to know the spontaneity and feasibility of the process. <#LINE#> @ @ Bhatnagar A. and Minocha A.K., Conventional and nonconventional adsorbents for removal of pollutants from water – A review, Indian J.Chem.Tech.,13, 203-217 (2006) @No $ @ @ Karthika C. and Sekar M., Removal of Hg(II) ions from aqueous solution by acid acrylic resins : A study through adsorption isotherms analysis, I.Res.J.Environment.Sci., 1(1), 34-41(2012) @No $ @ @ Singh Dhanesh and Singh A., Chitosan for the removal of chromium from waste water., I.Res.J.Environment.Sci., 1(3), 55-57(2012) @No $ @ @ Samuel P., Ingmar P., Boubia C. and Daniel L., Trivalent chromium removal from aqueous solutions using raw      natural mixed clay from BURKINA FASO., I.Res.J.Environment Sci., 2(2), 30-37 (2013) @No $ @ @ Kini S.M., Saidutta M.B., Murty V.R.C. and Kadoli S.V., Adsorption of basic dye from aqueous solution using ACl treated saw dust (Lagerstroemia microcorpa): Kinetic , Modeling of Equilibrium, Thermodynamic,  I. Res. J. Environment.Sci., 2(8), 6-16 (2013) @No $ @ @ Haq B.I.U., Elias N.B. and Khanam Z., Adsorption studies of Cr(VI) and Fe(II) aqua solution using rubber tree     leaves, I.Res.J.Environment.Sci., 2(12), 52-56 (2013) @No $ @ @ Nadaroglu H. and Kalkan E., Removal of cobalt (II) ions from aqueous solutions by using alternative adsorbent industrial red mud waste material.l, Int.J.Phy.Sciences., , 1386-1394 (2012) @No $ @ @ Han S.W., Kim D.K., Hwang I.G. and Bae J.H., Development of Pellet-type Adsorbents for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions using Red Mud, J.Ind.Eng.Chem., 8(2), 120-125 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kim J.S., Han S.W., Hwang I.G., Bae J.H. and Tokunaga S., Astudy on removal of Pb++ ion using pellet-type red mud adsorbents, Env.Eng.Res., 7(1), 33-37(2002) @No $ @ @ Mobasherpour I., Salahi E. and Asjodi A., Research on the batch and fixed bed column performance of red mud      adsorbents for lead removal, Canadian Chemical Transactions, 2(1), 83-96 (2014) @No $ @ @ Das B., Mondal N.K., Roy P. and Chatterji S., Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study on chromium(VI) removal from aqueous solutions using Pistia Stratiotes Biomass, Chem Sci Trans., 2(1),85-104 (2013) @No $ @ @ John C., Interpretation of Infrared Spectra, A Practical Approach,Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry,  R.A.Heyers(Ed.), John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 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<#LINE#>Antibacterial activity of bark extracts of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) against Extended Spectrum ß-Lactamase producing multi drug resistant Bacteria from Urinary Tract Infections<#LINE#>M.R.@Rameshkumar,M.G.@Jagadeesan,Rajendran@P.,N.@Arunagirinathan<#LINE#>28-33<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJRS-2014-716.pdf<#LINE#>Post Graduate and Research Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Madha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai-600 122, Tamil Nadu, INDIA <#LINE#>29/3/2014<#LINE#>7/6/2014<#LINE#>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are most common in both community and hospital settings and affect both male and females. The production of Extended Spectrum -Lactamases (ESBL) is an important mechanism for resistance to the 3rd generation cephalosporins in Enterobacteriaceae causing UTIs. Hence an attempt is made in this study to determine the effect of Terminalia arjuna(Roxb.)  against UTIs by ESBL producing bacteria. A study was conducted on 94 bacterial isolates from 162 urine samples. ESBL production was identified by using Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime by Combination Disc Method (CDM). The antibacterial activity of the bark extract of Terminalia arjuna against ESBL producing bacteria was determined by Disc diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). A total of52 isolates were identified as ESBL positive (26 were Escherichia coli, 15 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 Proteus vulgaris and 1 was Enterobacter sp.).The results of antibacterial activity of bark extract of Terminalia arjuna(Roxb.) against ESBL producing isolates revealed that ethanol is showing the maximum antibacterial property followed by aqueous extract. From this study, it was found that Terminalia arjuna(Roxb.)  has the potential for the production of drug for the treatment of UTIs caused by ESBL producing bacteria. This might be the first report of antimicrobial activity of bark extract of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) against ESBL producing human pathogenic bacteria. <#LINE#> @ @ Raju C.B. and Tiwari S.C., Urinary tract infection-A suitable approach. Lecture notes, J. Ind. Acad. Clin. Med.,2(4), 331-334, (2004) @No $ @ @ Mendelson G., Hait V., Ben-Israel J., Gronich D., Granot E. and Raz R., Prevalence and risk factors of extendedspectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Israeli long term care facility,  Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 24, 17-22 (2005) @No $ @ @ Kader A.A. and Angamuthu K., Extended-spectrum betalactamase in urinary isolates of Escherichia coli,  Klebsiella pneumoniae and other gram-negative bacteria in a hospital in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia,  Saudi Med. J.26(6),956-959 (2005) @No $ @ @ Thomson K.S., Extended-spectrum--lactamase, AmpC, and Carbapenemase, J. Clin. Microbiol., 48, 1019-102 (2010) @No $ @ @ Cantón R., Novais A., Valverde A., Machado E., Peixe L., Baquero F., et al., Prevalence and spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Europe,  Clin. Microbiol. Infect.,14, 144–153 (2008)  @No $ @ @ Bradford P.A., Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in the 21st century: Characterization, epidemiology, and detection of this important resistance threat, Clin. Microbiol. Rev.,14, 933–951 (2001) @No $ @ @ Soulsby E.J., Resistance to antimicrobials in humans and animals, Bra. J. Med.331, 1219-1220 (2005) @No $ @ @ Rupp M.E. and Fey P.D., Extended-spectrum -lactamase (ESBL)- producing Enterobacteriaceae: consideration for diagnosis, prevention and drug treatment, Drugs,63, 353-365 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ben-Ami R., Rodriguez-Bano J., Arslan H., Pitout J.D., Quentin C., et al., A Multinational survey of risk factors for infection with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in non hospitalized patients, Clin. Infect. Dis.,49, 682-690 (2009) @No $ @ @ Jonathan N., Screening for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing pathogenic enterobacteria in district general hospitals, J. Clin. Microbiol.,43, 1488-1490 (2005) @No $ @ @ Mann A., Amupitan J.O., Oyewale A.O., Okogun J.I., Ibrahim K., Oladosu P., et al., Evaluation of in vitro antimycobacterial activity of Nigerian plants used for treatment of respiratory diseases, Afr. J. Biotechnol.,, 1630–1636 (2008) @No $ @ @ Dwivedi S., Putative uses of Indian cardiovascular friendly plants in preventive cardiology, Ann. Natl. Acad. Med. Sci.,32, 159-175 (1996) @No $ @ @ Kaur K., Arora S., Kumar S. and  Nagpala A., Antimutagenic activities of acetone and methanol fractions of Terminalia arjuna, Food Chem. Toxicol., 40,1475-1482 (2002) @No $ @ @ Cheesbrough M., District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries, Part 2, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press: London, (2000) @No $ @ @ CLSI. Performance Standards for antimicrobial disc susceptibility tests, 11th ed.., Approved Standards M02–A11, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, (2012) @No $ @ @ Bauer R., Kirby M., Sherris J. and Turch M., Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disc method, Am. J.  Clin. Pathol.,36, 439-496 (1966) @No $ @ @ Rajarajan S., In vitro antibacterial and antifungal properties in the leaf extract of Henna (Lawsonia inermis .L),  Ind. J. Appl. Microbiol.,2(1), 59-61 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ali N.S., Protocol for evaluation and management of urinary tract infection in adults, Pak. J. Med. Sci. Rev.,16, 251-254 (2000) @No $ @ @ Brosnema D.A., Adams J.R. and Pallares R,  Wenzel R.P., Secular trends in rates and etiology of nosocomial urinary tract infections at a university hospital, J. Urol.,150, 414-416, (1993) @No $ @ @ Weber G., Riesenberg K., Schlaeffer F.,  Peled N.,  Borer A. and Yagupsky P., Changing trends in frequency and antimicrobial resistance of urinary pathogens in outpatient clinics and a hospital in Southern Israel,  Eur. J. Microbiol. Inf. Diseases, 16, 834-838 (1997) @No $ @ @ Gales A.C., Sader H,S. and Jones R.N., Urinary tract infection trends in Latin American hospitals, Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.,44, 289-299 (2002) @No $ @ @ Noor N., Ajaz M., Rasool S.A. and  Pirzada Z.A., Urinary tract infections associated with multi drug resistant enteric bacilli: characterization and genetic studies, Pak. J. Biol. Sci.,17,115-123 (2004) @No $ @ @ Mathur P., Tatman A., Das B. and Dhawan B., Prevalence of extended beta lactamase producing gram negative bacteria in tertiary care hospital, Indian J. Med. Res.,115,153-7 (2002) @No $ @ @ Tankhiwale S.S., Jalgaonkar S.V., Ahamad S. and Hassani U., Evaluation of extended spectrum beta lactamase in urinary isolates, Indian J. Med. Res.,120, 553-6 (2004) @No $ @ @ Ramesh kumar M. R., Archana M., Vijaykanth N., Manikandan N. and Arunagirinathan N., Detection of Extended Spectrum -lactamase Producing Bacteria from Urinary Tract Infections from Chennai, Proceedings of the Current Scenario in Biotechnology,   252-257 (2012) @No $ @ @ Dobrowoiski M., Antibacterial, antifungal, antiamoebic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic studies on propolis bee products, J. Ethnopharmacol., 35,77-82 (1991) @No $ @ @ Morshed M.A., Uddin A., Rahman A., Hasan T.,  Roy S.,  Amin A.A., et al, In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxicity screening of Terminalia arjuna ethanol extract, Int. J. Bio. Sci., 1(2),31-38 (2011) @No $ @ @ Berghe V., Cos P., Hermans N., Bruyne S., Apers J. B., Sindambiwe D., et al, Further evaluation of Rwandan medicinal Plant extracts for their antimicrobial and antiviral activities, J. Ethnopharmacol.,  79(2), 155-163 (1991) @No
<#LINE#>Patients'Satisfaction and Quality Health Services: An Investigation from Private Hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan<#LINE#>Raheem@AhmedRizwan,Nawaz@Ahmad,Nasir@Fouzia,Imamuddin@Khoso<#LINE#>34-38<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJRS-2014-783.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Business Administration& Commerce, Indus University, Karachi, PAKISTAN @ Institute of Business Administration, Sindh University, Jamshoro, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>8/4/2014<#LINE#>22nd/5/2014<#LINE#>Patient satisfaction is the critical issue for healthcare providers. Health care organizations are working in a competitive environment. In these days hospital needs to enhance the level of satisfaction if they want to remain in the competition with other hospitals. Patient satisfaction is basically satisfying patients’ expectations and understanding their needs. Patients’ feedback can affect the overall quality, to improve organizational learning and development agenda and provide an opportunity. The aim of this study was to determine the patient satisfaction at Private hospital of Karachi for the in-patient departments. This study concludes that the majority of the patients are satisfied with the services provided by the in-patient departments of selected Private hospitals of Karachi. Specially, the patients and their attendants’ are very much satisfied from Patient ward services, Laboratories services, food services, reception staff services, welfare services & healthcare services provided by the hospitals to the in-patient departments, therefore, this shows significant impact on overall patients’ satisfaction.  The strengths of the healthcare organizations as highlighted by patients must be continuing. However, some services need more care and focus when overall planning & strategies’ will be made for planning & managing the health care system. <#LINE#> @ @ Ahmad I., Nawaz A. and Uddin S., Dynamics of patient satisfaction from health care Services, Gomel Journal of Medical Sciences, 9(1), 37-41 (2011) @No $ @ @ Larsson G. and Larsson B.W., Quality of care and patient satisfaction: a new theoretical and methodological approach, International journal of health care quality assurance, 23(2), 228-247 (2008) @No $ @ @ Olivia R.L., Connelly B. and Capra S., Consumer evaluation of hospital foodservice quality: an empirical investigation, International Journal of Healthcare Quality Assurance,19(2), 14 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chassin M.R., Loeb J.M., Schmaltz S.P. and Wachter R.M., Accountability Measures Using Measurement to Promote Quality Improvement, New England Journal of Medicine, 363(7), 783-793 (2010) @No $ @ @ Wysong P.R., Patients’ Perceptions of Nurses’ Skill, Critical Care Nurse, 29(4), 24-37 (2009) @No $ @ @ Carthon J.M.B., et al., Quality of Care and Patient Satisfaction in Hospitals with High Concentrations of Black Patients, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 43(3), 301–310 (2011) @No $ @ @ McKinley R. and Roberts C, Patient satisfaction with out of hour’s primary medical care, Journal   quality in health care, 10(1), 23-28 (2001) @No $ @ @ Bleich S.N., Özaltin E. and Murray C., How does satisfaction with the health-care system relate to patient? Experience?, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 87(4), 271-278 (2009) @No $ @ @ Andaleeb S.S., Public and private hospitals in Bangladesh: service quality and Predictors of hospital choice, Health policy and planning, 15(1), 95–102 (2000) @No $ @ @ Andaleeb S.S., Siddiqui N. and Khandakar S., Patient satisfaction with health services in Bangladesh, Health Policy and Planning, 22(4) 263-73 (2007) @No $ @ @ Soleimanpour H., Gholipouri C., Salarilak S., Raoufi P., Vahidi G.R., Rouhi A.J., Ghafouri R.R. and Soleimanpour, M., Emergency Department Patient Satisfaction Survey In Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 4(1), 838 (2011) @No $ @ @ Lin D.J., Sheu I.C., Pai J.Y., Bair A., Hung C.Y., Yeh Y.H. and Chou M.J., Measuring patient's expectation and the perception of quality in LASIK services, Health and Quality of Life Outcomes,7(63), 8 (2009) @No $ @ @ Joseph C. and Nichols S., Patient satisfaction and quality of life among persons attending chronic disease clinics in South Trinidad, West Indies, West Indian Medical Journal, 56(2), 108-14 (2007) @No $ @ @ Wu C.C., The impact of hospital brand image on service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty, African Journal of Business Management, 5(12), 4873-4882 (2011) @No $ @ @ Mekoth N., Babu G., Dalvi Y., Rajanala N. and Nizomadinov K., Service Encounter Related Process Quality, Patient Satisfaction, and Behavioral Intention, Management, 6(4), 333-350 (2011) @No $ @ @ Hansen P.M., Peter D.H., Viswanathan K., et al., Client perceptions of the quality of primary care services in Afghanistan, International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 20(6), 384–391 (2008) @No $ @ @ Drapper M., Bushan N. and Cohen P., Seeking consumer view: what use are results of hospital patient satisfaction surveys, International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 13(6), 463-468 (2001) @No $ @ @ Goldstein M.S., Elliott S. and Guccione A.A., The Development of an Instrument to Measure Satisfaction with Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy, 14(9),  853-863 (2000) @No $ @ @ Umar I., Oche M.O. and Umar A.S., Patient waiting time in a tertiary health institution in Northern Nigeria, Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 3(2), 78-82 (2011) @No $ @ @ Chakraborty R., Majumdar A., Measuring consumer satisfaction in health care Sector: the applicability of SERVQUAL, Journal of arts, science & commerce, 2(4),149-160 (2011) @No $ @ @ Rezaei M., Rezaei H., Alipour H. and Salehi S., Service Quality, Client Satisfaction and Client Personality in the Public Companies, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(3), 483-491 (2011) @No $ @ @ Aniza I., Rizal M., Mardhiyyah M., Helmi I., Syamimi B. and Tahar M., Caregivers’ Satisfaction of Healthcare Delivery at Pediatric Clinics of University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre in 2009, Medical Journal of Malaysia, 66(2), 84-88 (2011) @No $ @ @ Chaker M. and Al-Azzab N., Patient Satisfaction in Qatar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital (ASPITAR), International Journal of Business & Social Sciences, 2(7), 69-78 (2011) @No $ @ @ Iliyasu Z.,  Abubakar S.,  Abubakar S.,  Lawan S. and  Gajida A, Patients' satisfaction with services obtained from Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Northern Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 13(4), 371-8 (2010) @No $ @ @ Norton D., Robertson S. and Anderson R., A randomized controlled trial to assess the Impact of an Admission Service on patient and staff satisfaction, International Journal of Nursing Practice and Social Science, 2(7),  461-471 (2010) @No $ @ @ Stephen A.M. and Marzoqui S., Patient satisfaction with primary health care services in The United Arab Emirates, International journal for quality in health care, 15(3), 374-380 (2003) @No $ @ @ Ahmed R.R. and A. Saeed, Pharmaceutical Drug Promotion Practices in Pakistan: Issues in Ethical and Non-Ethical Pharmaceutical Practices, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 20(11), 1630-1640 (2014) @No $ @ @ Samad Aali, Abdulhamid Ibrahimi, Vahid Reza Mirabi and Shahram Zare, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(5),43-54(2014) @No $ @ @ Rasouli Khorshidi Hassan and Subbakrishna Rangasawmy, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(5),55-64(2014) @No $ @ @ Hamid Reza Shojazadeh, Mehrvash Kazemi and Asad Allah Shafizadeh, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(5), 116-120 (2014) @No $ @ @ Muhammad Amir Nisar, Amir Mehmood, Adnan Nadeem, Kamran Ahsan, Mmuhammad Sarim, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(5), 94-103 (2014) @No $ @ @ Espanani Hamid Reza, Shirani Kobra, Khalilian Saadat, Sadeghi Leila, Yousefi Babadi Vahid and AmraeaiEsmaiel, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(4), 14-19 (2014) @No $ @ @ Bakht Azam, Rashid Jalal Qureshi, Zahoor Jan, and Taj Ali Khattak, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(4), 34-39 (2014) @No 
<#LINE#>Clock Mesh Synthesis with Blockage Placement for Stub and Mesh Wire Minimisation<#LINE#>Koundinya@C.,JSelva@Kumar<#LINE#>39-43<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJRS-2014-811.pdf<#LINE#>VLSI Design, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA @ Electronics and Communication Dept.,SRM University, Chennai,Tamil Nadu, INDIA <#LINE#>11/4/2014<#LINE#>26/5/2014<#LINE#>A method for optimizing clock mesh is proposed which diminishes the power in network significantly while considering timing slack. The proposed paper implements the methodology by introducing placement blockages during the IC design flow. Stub wire minimization is achieved by using register placement. Placement of blockages in order to further reduce the power dissipation along with optimized power density and guaranteed non negative timing slack is the main essence of the paper. The advantages of the proposed method when implemented over ISCAS’89 benchmark circuits are reduced power dissipation—26% on an average when analogized to previous works and significant reduction in wire length by 50% when compared to earlier uniform mesh works. Further, reduction of timing slack (1.2% of the clock period) provides added benefit. <#LINE#> @ @ Desai M., Cvijetic R. and Jensen J., Sizing of clock distribution  networks for high performance cpu chips, in Proc. ACM/IEEE DAC, 389–394 (1996) @No $ @ @ Restle P.J., Mcnamara T.G., Webber D.A., Camporese P.J., Eng K.F.,  Jenkins K.A., Member S., Allen D.H., Rohn M.J., Quaranta M.P., Boerstler D.W., Alpert C.J., Carter C.A., Bailey R.N., Petrovick J.G., Krauter B.L. and Mccredie B.D., A clock distribution network for  microprocessors, IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 36(5), 792–799 (2001) @No $ @ @ Xanthopoulos J.T., Bailey D., Gangwar A., Gowan M., Jain A. and Prewitt B., The design and analysis of the clock distribution network for a 1.2 GHz Alpha microprocessor, in Proc. IEEE ISSCC, 402–403 (2001) @No $ @ @ Venkataraman G., Feng Z., Hu J. and Li P., Combinatorial algorithms for fast clock mesh optimization, IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. Syst., 18(1), 131–141 (2010) @No $ @ @ Rajaram A. and Pan D., MeshWorks: An efficient framework for planning, synthesis and optimization of clock mesh networks, in Proc. ASPDAC, 250–257 (2008) @No $ @ @ Lu J., Mao X. and Taskin B., Timing slack aware incremental register placement with non-uniform grid generation for clock mesh synthesis, in Proc. ISPD, 131–138  (2011) @No $ @ @ Guthaus M.R., Wilke G. and Reis R., Non-uniform clock mesh optimization with linear programming buffer insertion, in Proc. ACM/IEEE DAC  74–79 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shelar R.S., An algorithm for routing with capacitance/distance constraints for clock distribution in microprocessors, in Proc. ISPD, 141–148 (2009) @No $ @ @ Lu J., Aksehir Y. and Taskin B., Register on MEsh (ROME): A novel approach for clock mesh network synthesis, in Proc. IEEE ISCAS, 1219–1222 (2011) @No $ @ @ Lu J., Mao X. and Taskin B., Integrated clock mesh synthesis with  incremental register placement, in Proc. IEEE, 217–227 (2012) @No $ @ @ Sumitha J., Routing Algorithms in Networks, Res. J. Recent Sci.,3(ISC-2013), 1-3 (2014) @No
<#LINE#>Employee's Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Stress at Workplace; A Comparative Study of Public and Private Sector Universities<#LINE#>Danish@RizwanQaiser,Humayon@AsadAfzal,Aslam@Nauman,Usman@Ahmad,Tariq@MuhammadIrfan<#LINE#>44-52<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1185.pdf<#LINE#>Hailey College of Commerce, University of the Punjab, Lahore, PAKISTAN @ COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, PAKISTAN @ National College of Business Administration & Economics, Lahore, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>8/6/2014<#LINE#>18/6/2014<#LINE#>The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of employee perceptions of organizational politics and job stress at the work place.  Previous researches were critically reviewed for this purpose and through questionnaire data is gathered from different education sectors of Pakistan.200 questionnaires were distributed in administrative staff, faculty members, and employees. 142 complete questionnaires were received at response rate of 71%. After preparing a detailed literature review, a non-probability random sampling technique was used to select the sample. Pearson’s moment quotient and linear regression was applied to study the relationship between perceptions of organizational politics and Job Stress. This study will help managers and employees how the organizational politics and stress level of the employees should be tackled in the organization and enhances the organizational performance of the employees. The future guidelines are that we should also consider the stressors which are the main cause of the stress and organizational. <#LINE#> @ @ Pfeffer J., Power in organizations Pittman: Boston (1981) @No $ @ @ Gandz J. and Murray V., The Experience of Workplace Politics, Acad.Mgt.J.,23, 237-251 (1980) @No $ @ @ Tushman M., A political approach to organizations: a review and rationale, Acad. Mgt. Rev., 2, 200-216 (1977) @No $ @ @ Ferris G.R., Russ G.S. and Fandt P.M., Politics in organizations, In: RA Giacalone and P Rosenfeld (eds) Imp.Mgt.Org. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum, 143-170 (1989) @No $ @ @ Andrews M.C. and Kacmar K.M., Discriminating among organizational politics, justice, and support, J. Org.Behav., 22, 347–366 (2001) @No $ @ @ Kacmar K.M., Bozeman D.P., Carlson D.S. and Anthony W.P., An examination of the perceptions of organizational politics model: Replication and extension, Hum. Rel., 52, 383-416 (1999) @No $ @ @ Greenberg J. and Baron R.A., Behavior in organizations: Understanding and managing the human side of work Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 472–480 (1995) @No $ @ @ Leka S., Griffiths A. and Cox T., Work organization and stress, World Health Org. Nottingham: UK (2004) @No $ @ @ Matteson M.T. and Ivancevich J.M., Controlling Work Stress: Effective Human Resource and Management Strategies, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass (1987) @No $ @ @ Beehr T.A., Research on occupational stress: An unfinished enterprise, Person.Psychol., 51, 835–844 (1998) @No $ @ @ Adler D.A., McLaughlin T.J., Rogers W.H., Chang H., Lapitsky L. and Lerner D., Job performance deficits due to depression, Am. J.Psych.,163, 1569-1576 (2006) @No $ @ @ Newell S., Creating the healthy organization: Well-being, diversity & ethics at Work,London: Thomson Learning (2002) @No $ @ @ Pfeffer J., Managing with power, Boston MA: Harvard Business School Press (1991) @No $ @ @ Hobfoll S.E., Social and psychological resources and adaptation, Rev.Gen.Psychol., 6, 307-324 (2002) @No $ @ @ Harvey P., Harris K.J., Harris R.B. and Wheeler A.R., Attenuating the effects of social stress: The impact of political skill, J.Occ.Health.Psychol., 12, 105-115 (2007) @No $ @ @ Cropanzano R., Howes J.C., Grandey A.A. and Toth P., The relationship of Organizational Politics and support to work behaviors, attitudes, and Stress, J. Org. Behav., 18, 159–80 (1997) @No $ @ @ Ferris G.R., Frink D.D., Gilmore D.C. and Kacmar K.M., Understanding as an antidote for the dysfunctional consequences of organizational politics as a stressor, J.App.Soc.Psychol., 24, 1204-1220 (1994) @No $ @ @ Bozeman D.P., Perrewe P.L., Kacmar KM, Hochwarter WA and Brymer RA., An examination of differential reactions to Perceptions of Organizational Politics. In: Vigoda E and Kapun D (2005)Perceptions of Politics and Perceived Performance in public and private organizations: a test of one model across two sectors, Policy.Politics., 33(2), 251–76 (1996) @No $ @ @ Drory A., Perceived political climate and job attitudes, Organization Studies 14(1): 59-71 (1990) @No $ @ @ Drory A. and Romm T., What organizational politics is: Organization members, perceptions, Org. Stud., 9(2), 165-179 (1988) @No $ @ @ Witt L.A., Andrews M.C. and Kacmar K.M., The role of participation in decision-making in the organizational politics-job satisfaction relationship, Hum. Rel.,53(3), 341-358 (2000) @No $ @ @ Ferris G.R., Fedor D.B. and King T.R., A political conceptualization of managerial behaviour, Hum.Res. Mgt.Rev., , 1-34 (1994) @No $ @ @ Weick K.E., The Social Psychology of Organizing. (2ndedn.), New York: Random House (1979) @No $ @ @ Zettler I. and Hilbig B.E., Honesty–humility and a person–situation interaction at work, Eur. J.  Pers.,24(7), 569-582 (2010) @No $ @ @ Drory A., Perceived political climate and job attitudes, Org. Stu.,14(1), 59-71 (1993) @No $ @ @ Poon M.L., Trust-in-supervisor and helping coworkers: moderating effect of perceived Politics, J. Mgt. Psychol., 2(6), 518-532 (2006) @No $ @ @ Leather P., Beale D. and Sullivan L., Noise, psychosocial stress and their interaction in the workplace, J. Env. Psy., 23(2), 213-222 (2003) @No $ @ @ Munro L., Rodwell J. and Harding L., Assessing occupational stress in psychiatric nurses using the full job strain model: the value of social support to nurses, Intl J. Nurs. Stu.,35(6), 339-345 (1998) @No $ @ @ Edwards JR., A., Cybernetic theory of stress, coping, and well-being in organizations, Acad. Mgt. Rev., 17, 238–74 (1992) @No $ @ @ House R.J. and Rizzo J.R., Role conflict and ambiguity as critical variables in a model of organizational behaviour, Org. Behav. Hum. Perf., 7, 467-505 (1972) @No $ @ @ Vigoda E. And Kapun D., Perceptions of Politics and Perceived Performance in public and private organizations: a test of one model across two sectors, Policy.Politics., 33(2), 251–76 (2005) @No $ @ @ Lazarus R.S. and Folkman S., Stress, appraisal, and coping, New York: Springer (1984) @No $ @ @ Robinson S.L. and Bennett R.J., A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A multi-dimensional scaling study,Acad. Mgt. Rev., 38, 555–572 (1995) @No $ @ @ Christiansen N., Villanova P. and Mikulay S., Political influence compatibility: Fitting the person to the climate, J. Org. Behav., 18, 709–730 (1997) @No $ @ @ Chang C.H., Rosen C.C. and Levy P.E., The relationship between perception of organizational politics and employee attitudes, strain, and behavior: A meta-analytic examination, J. Acad. Mgt., 52(4), 779-801 (2009) @No $ @ @ 36.Hochwarter WA, Witt LA, and Kacmar KM.,. Perceptions of organizational politics as a moderator of the relationship between conscientiousness and job performance, Mgt. Ass. Meeting. Atlanta: GA (1997) @No $ @ @ Vigoda E., Organizational Politics, Job Attitudes, and Work Outcomes: Exploration and Implications for the Public Sector, J. Voc. Behav., 57, 326-347 (2000) @No $ @ @ Hirschman A.O., Exit, voice, and loyalty. Responses to decline in firms, organizations, and states, Cambridge/Mass: Harvard University Press, (1970) @No $ @ @ Witt L, A, Kacmar, KM, Carlson D and  Zivnuska S., Interactive effects of personality and organizational politics and contextual performance, J. Org. Behav, 23, 911-926 (2002) @No $ @ @ Welsh M.A. and Slusher E.A., Organizational design as a context of political activity, Adm. Sci. Quar., 31,  389–402(1986) @No $ @ @ Rainey H.G., Understanding and managing public organizations. San Francisco: Jossey Bass (1991) @No $ @ @  Zhou J. and Ferris G.R., The dimensions and consequences of organizational politics perceptions: A confirmatory analysis, J. App. Soc. Psychol, 25, 1747–1764 (1995) @No $ @ @ Byrne Z.S., Fairness reduces the negative effects of organizational politics on turnover intentions, citizenship behavior, and job performance, J.Bus.Psychol., 20, 175–200 (2005) @No $ @ @ Harris K.J., Kacmar K.M. and Zivnuska S., An investigation of abusive supervision as a predictor of performance and the meaning of work as a moderator of the relationship, Lead. Quart.,18(3), 252-263 (2007) @No $ @ @ Zivnuska S., Kacmar K.M., Witt L.A., Carlson D.S. and Bratton V.K., Interactive effects of impression management and organizational politics on job performance, J. Org. Beh.,25(5), 627-640 (2004) @No $ @ @ Vigoda-gadot E., Organizational Politics and Job Outcomes: The Moderating Effect of Trust and Social Support, J. App. Soc. Psychol., 40(11), 2829–2861 (2010) @No $ @ @ Indartono S., Mediation effect of trust on the relationship between perception of organizational politics and commitment, Jurnal AdministrasiBisnis, 5(2), (2009) @No $ @ @ Harris B.R., Harris J.K. and Harvey P., A Test of competing models of the relationship among perceptions of organizational politics, perceived organizational support, and individual outcomes, J. Soc. Psychol. (2007) @No  
@Research Article
<#LINE#>Performance improvement of Photovoltaic systems through Harmonics Elimination of system and minimizing of THD<#LINE#>Heidari@Mohammadamin,Nekoubin@Abdolamir<#LINE#>53-57<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJRS-2013-549.pdf<#LINE#> Fasa Branch, Islamic Azad University, IRAN <#LINE#>14/8/2013<#LINE#>13/11/2013<#LINE#>Multilevel inverters have been extremely applied in industries. A family of optimal pulse width modulation (PWM) methods for multilevel inverters, such as step modulation, can generate output voltage with less harmonic distortion. In grid connected multiple inverter systems, it is normal to synchronize the output voltage of each inverter to the common network voltage. Any controller deficiencies, which result in low order harmonics, are also synchronized to the common network voltage. As a result the harmonics produced by individual converters show a high degree of correlation and tend to be additive. Each controller can be tuned to achieve a different harmonic profile so that harmonic cancellation can take place in the overall system, thus reducing the net t total harmonic distortion level. The simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink environment shows that the proposed system offers improvement in harmonic elimination and simultaneously inject the maximum power available from PV array into the grid<#LINE#> @ @ H. Watanabe T. Shimizu and G. Kimura, A novel utility interactive photovoltaic inverter with generation control circuit, 9(3), 72-78 (2012) @No $ @ @ Andersen M. and Alvsten T.B., 200W low cost module integrated wittily interface for modular photovoltaic energy systems, IEEE Industrial Applications Magazine, 14, 57–62 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kim Y.S., Yoo G. and Song J., A Bi functional utility connected photovoltaic systems with power factor correction and U.P.S. facility, IEEE Trans. on Power System,18(1), 305-312 (2011) @No $ @ @ Hosseini S.H. and Ajami A., Voltage Regulation and Transient Stability Enhancement of a Radial AC Transmission System using UPFC, IEEE Annual conference Industrial Electronics Society, 2, 1150-1154 (2011) @No $ @ @ Quantum Size Effects on Effective Mass and Band gap of Semiconductor Quantum Dots, Changiz Vatankhah and Ali Ebadi, Res. J. Recent Sci, 2(1), 21-24 (2013) @No $ @ @ Oviri O.K. and Ekpunobi A.J., Transmittance and Band Gap Analysis of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(1), 25-31 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sallameh Z. and Taylor D., Step-up maximum power point Tracking for photovoltaic Arrays, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, 1(9), 36-40 (2012) @No $ @ @ Teulings W., Marpinard J.C., Capel A. and Sullivan D.O., A New maximum power point Tracking system, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 10(2), 1085-1097 (1995) @No $ @ @ Wagner V.E., Effect of harmonics on equipments (UPFC) for Power System Studies, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 11(4), 1937-1943 (1996) @No $ @ @ Jintakosonwit P., Fujita H. and Akaka H., Control and performance of a fully – Digital - controlled shunt Active filters for installation on a power distribution systems, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 17(4), (2002) @No $ @ @ Ishengoma F.M. and NorAm L.N., Degin and implementation of digitally controlled stand - alone photovoltaic power supply, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(2), 97- 99 (2012) @No $ @ @ Masoud K. and Ledwich G., Asperts of grid interfacing: current and voltage controllers, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(3), 76-79 (2012) @No $ @ @ Wood A., Qualitative Analysis of Stochastic Operations in Dual Axis Solar Tracking Environment, Fam D.F., Koh S.P., Tiong S.K. and Chong K.H., Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(9),74-78 (2012) @No $ @ @ Collins C., Watson N. and Wood A., UPFC Modeling in Harmonic Domain, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, 212), 933-938 (2006) @No $ @ @ Malesani L., Tenti P., Gaia E. and Piovon R., Improved current control technique of VSI PWM Inverters with constant modulating frequency and extended voltage rang, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, 21(4), 1013-1020 (2006) @No $ @ @ Akogi H., Kansawa Y. and Noble A., Instantaneous reactive power compensation comprising switching device swith out energy components, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, 22(4), 1186-1195 (2007) @No
<#LINE#>Link Fault tolerable Network Topology for Network services provision in Disaster area<#LINE#>Tauqeer@Ahmad,Yousaf@Shahid,Rasool@ChaudhrySaqib<#LINE#>58-68<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJRS-2013-748.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Computer Science and IT, The University of Lahore, Lahore, PAKISTAN @ Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, PAKISTAN <#LINE#>16/10/2013<#LINE#>29/1/2014<#LINE#>The drift change in weather and wars among countries changing the map of world rapidly and their result are too much dangerous. Aftermath the mass destruction of natural disaster or war, the communication infrastructure might be smashed completely or partially and would not be able to support the requirements of rescue operation. In this research paper we have proposed a link fault tolerable network topology for network service provision in disaster areas. In proposed framework methodology all HAPs connected with each other in mesh network topology, in Star topology with satellite and point to point with WiMAX ground stations. All HAPs have multiple hot backup links, which will become active in case of congestion or active link failure. The proposed hybrid network topology evaluated in comparison with hierarchal network topology in context of infrastructure. The results of evaluation proved that hybrid network topology is better than hierarchal network topology in terms of link redundancy, link utilization, end to end delay and throughput. In terms of link redundancy and link utilization, Hierarchal network topology have only limited backbone links while proposed hybrid network topology multiple redundant links which will not only increase the consistency and reliability also reduce the load on individual links. All simulations are performed using Optimized Network Engineering Tool (OPNET). <#LINE#> @ @ Shafiq F. and Ahsan K.,Knowledge Management for Disaster Scenario: An Exploratory Study, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(10), 61-66(2013) @No $ @ @ Select Bipartisan Committee, A Failure of Initiative: Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina. US House of Representatives (Select Committee), 109th Congress, US Government Printing Office, Washington, District of Columbia. (2006) @No $ @ @ Beven-II J. L., Avila L. A. and et al., Annual Summary-Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005, Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florid,. (2008) @No $ @ @ Martin, K. J., Public Safety Communications from 9/11 to Katrina”, Critical Public Policy Lessons, (2005) @No $ @ @ Miller R., Hurricane Katrina: Communications & Infrastructure Impacts, In Conference Proceedings’ Threats at our Threshold’, Consortium for Homeland Defense and Security. January (2006) @No $ @ @ http://www.prweb.com/releases/2007/10/prweb564150.htm (Jan 2013) @No $ @ @ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6211451.stm (Jan-2013) @No $ @ @ Erjongmanee S., Ji  C., Stokely J. and Hightower N., Inference of Network-Service Disruption upon Natural Disasters (2005) @No $ @ @ http://www.renesys.com/blog/2008/09/gustav-3-days-later-shtml (Jan-2013) @No $ @ @ Pace P. and Aloi G., Disaster monitoring and mitigation using aerospace technologies and integrated telecommunication networks, Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE, 23(4), 3-9, (2008) @No $ @ @ Mohammed A. and Yang Z., Broadband communications and applications from High Altitude Platforms, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, 1(3), (2009) @No $ @ @ Djuknic G.M., Freidenfelds J. and Okunev Y., Establishing wireless communications services via high-altitude aeronautical platforms: a concept whose time has come?, Communications Magazine, IEEE,35.9, 128-135 (1997) @No $ @ @ Elabdin Z., Elshaikh O., Islam R., Ismail A.P. and Khalifa O.O., High Altitude Platform for Wireless Communications and Other Services, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2006, ICECE '06. International Conference, 432-438, (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohammed H. A. and Pillai P., Performance Evaluation of a WiMAX Enabled HAPs-Satellite Hybrid System, PGNet 2009 Conference, (2009) @No $ @ @ Richharia M. and Westbrook L.D., Satellite systems for personal applications: Concepts and technology, A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Publication, 22,(2011) @No $ @ @ Park J., Ku B., Kim Y. and Ahn D., Technology development for wireless communications system using stratospheric platform in Korea, Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2002. The 13th IEEE International Symposium,, 15-18 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ahmed B.T., Ramón M.C. and HARO-ARIET L.D., UMTS-HSDPA in High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) communications, Turk J Elec Engin15.1, (2007) @No $ @ @ Yeh J., Chen J. and Lee C., WLAN standards, Potentials, IEEE, 22 (4), 16-22, (2003) @No $ @ @ Labiod H., Afifi H. and Santis C. De., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee and WiMAX, Springer, (2007) @No $ @ @ Shivlal M. and Kumar S.U.,Performance Analysis of Secure Wireless Mesh Networks, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(3), 80-85(2012) @No $ @ @ Ahson S. A., WiMAX: standards and security, CRC pres,(2007) @No $ @ @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11 (Feb-2013) @No $ @ @ Yang Z. and Mohammed A., Evaluation of WiMAX Uplink Performance in High Altitude Platforms Cellular System,  Wireless Communication Systems, 2007. ISWCS 2007. 4th International Symposium, 834(837), 17-19, (2007) @No $ @ @ Ahmed B.T., “WiMAX in High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) Communications”. Wireless Technology, 2006. The 9th European Conference 245(248), 10-12, (2006) @No $ @ @ Likitthanasate P., Grace D. and Mitchell P.D., Coexistence performance of high altitude platform and terrestrial systems sharing a common downlink WiMAX frequency band,  Electronics Letters, 41(15), 858-860, (2005) @No $ @ @ Yang Z., Mohammed A., Hult T. and Grace D., Assessment of Coexistence Performance for WiMAX Broadband in HAP Cellular System and Multiple-Operator Terrestrial Deployments, Wireless Communication Systems, 2007. ISWCS 2007, 4th International Symposium, 195(199), 17-19, (2007) @No $ @ @ Dessouky M., Sharshar H. and Albagory Y., Design of high altitude platforms cellular communications, Progress in Electromagnetics ResearchPIER 67, 251-261 (2007) @No $ @ @ Davey L., Butler R., Buchanan R., Phillips W. R., Dr. Lee Y.C., High altitude platform stations for Australia, Telecommunications Journal of Australia 58, 29.1 -29.8, (2008) @No $ @ @ Ahmed B. T. and Ramon M. C., WiMAX in high altitude platforms (HAPs) communications over large cities, Systems, Signals and Devices, 2009. SSD '09. 6th International Multi-Conference, 1-4, (2009) @No $ @ @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_RQ-4_Global_Hawk, (June-2013) @No $ @ @ Reynaud L., Rasheed T. and Kandeepan S., An integrated Aerial Telecommunications Network that supports emergency traffic, Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications (WPMC), 2011 14th International Symposium,1(5), 3-7, (2011) @No $ @ @ Rao J. and Biswas S., WSN17-4: Controlled Node Mobility: A Mechanism for Energy Load Distribution in Sensor Networks, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2006. GLOBECOM '06. IEEE, 1-6, (2006) @No $ @ @ Qiantori A., Sutiono A.B., Hariyanto H., Suwa H. and Ohta T., “An emergency medical communications system by low altitude platform at the early stages of a natural disaster in Indonesia”.  Journal of medical systems36.1, 41-52, (2012) @No $ @ @ Owada Y., Inoue M., Miura R., Harai H. and Tsuji H., Design for Disaster-Tolerant and Dependable Network Architecture, Information Processing Society of Japa,. (2012) @No $ @ @ Mase K., “How to deliver your message from/to a disaster area”. Communications Magazine, IEEE , 49(1), 52-57, (2011) @No $ @ @ Mase K., “Communication service continuity under a large-scale disaster: Providing a wireless multihop network and shelter communication service for a disaster area under the Great East Japan Earthquake”, Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference, 6314-6318, (2012) @No $ @ @ Nelson C.B., Steckler B.D. and Stamberger J.A., “The Evolution of Hastily Formed Networks for Disaster Response: Technologies, Case Studies, and Future Trends”, Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC), 2011 IEEE, 467(475), (2011) @No $ @ @ Nelson A., Sigal I. and Zambrano D., Media, information systems and communities: lessons from Haiti, (2010) @No $ @ @ http://www.opnet.com/WiMAX/index.html, (2013) @No
<#LINE#>A class based QoS model for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks<#LINE#>Salam@Abdul,Nadeem@Adnan,Ahsan@Kamran,Sarim@Muhammad,Rizwan@Kashif<#LINE#>69-78<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJRS-2013-963.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Science, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology, Karachi, PAKISTAN <#LINE#>28/11/2013<#LINE#>4/4/2014<#LINE#>Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) applications have emerged as major type of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Ample research work has already carried out to improve the QoS in WSN. However, QoS provision in WBASN needs further investigation. Majority of the research work in WBASN improves the QoS considering timeliness, latency or energy as a basic requirement. Most of the researchers working on MAC layer consider one of the QoS parameter energy, timeliness or reliability. This paper proposes a class based QoS model for QoS support in WBASN.The proposed model simultaneously ensure high throughput and low data latency. Our proposed model works on multihop topology. The model provides QoS provisioning by defining three classes of services (i.e. guaranteed service, real time service, and best effort services). Data categorized into three classes and scheduled according to their priority with the help of classifier. The schedules data put in the queue and then served from here according to their priority. We highlighted the need of QoS support in BASN by evaluating the performance of BASN by using Castalia when there is no QoS provision in various scenarios. The proposed QoS model support for high throughput and low delay for critical data. In WBASN critical data needs to be delivered quickly particularly in medical applications. Our proposed QoS model increases the critical traffic throughput by ensuring a minimum delay of the critical nodes. We implement the proposed model through simulations and the results show that the proposed model improves the delay and throughput of the critical nodes. <#LINE#> @ @ Moravejosharieh A., Modares H., Salleh R. and Mostajeran E.,Performance Analysis of AODV, AOMDV, DSR, DSDV Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworkRes. J. Recent Sci.,2(7), 66-73 (2013) @No $ @ @ Abhishek S. and Sandip S., Performance Evaluation of AODV and DSDV Routing protocols for Ad-hoc NetworksRes. J. Recent Sci.,1(6), 51-55, (2012) @No $ @ @ Nupur V.,Routing Protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 36-39 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shantilal P.,Self-Healing Sensor Network Key Distribution Scheme for Secure Communication, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012), 158-161 (2013) @No $ @ @ Lakshmi P.S., Sajid P. and Ramana M.V., Security and Energy efficiency in Ad Hoc Networks, Res. J. Recent Sci.,1(1), 14-17 (2013) @No $ @ @ Morteza J., Hossein M., Kasra M., Mohammad F. and Shahaboddin S., A Method in Security of Wireless Sensor Network based on Optimized Artificial immune system in Multi-Agent Environments, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(10), 99-106 (2013) @No $ @ @ Shu F., Performance evaluation of the ieee 802.15. 4 csma-ca protocol with qos differentiation, Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Net. and Info. Proc., ISSNIP IEEE 2008, 475–480 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mass´e F. and Penders J., Quality-of-service in ban: Per reduction and its trade-offs, in Body Sensor Networks (BSN), IEEE Int. Conf. Singapore, 261–266 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ali K.A., Sarker J.H. and Mouftah H.T., Urgency-based mac protocol for wireless sensor body area networks, Communications Workshops (ICC), IEEE Int. Conf. Capetown, 1–6 (2010) @No $ @ @ Zhou G., Lu J., Wan C.Y., Yarvis M.D. and Stankovic J.A.,Bodyqos:Adaptive and radio-agnostic qos for body sensor networks, INFOCOM IEEE, The 27th Conf.on Comp. Comm. IEEE Phoenix, AZ., 565–573 (2008) @No $ @ @ Wu G., Ren J., Xia F., Yao L. and Xu Z., Disg: Decentralized inter-user interference suppression in body sensor networks with non-cooperative game, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing and 7th International Conference on Autonomic & Trusted Computing (UIC/ATC), Xian, Shaanxi.,256–261 ( 2010) @No $ @ @ Barua M., Alam M.S., Liang X., Shen X., Secure and quality of service assurance scheduling scheme for wban with application to ehealth, Wireless Comm. and Net. Conf. (WCNC) IEEE Cancun, Quintana Roo., 1102–1106 (2011) @No $ @ @ Garcia J. and Falck T., Quality of service for ieee 802.15.4-based wireless body sensor networks, Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare, Pervasive Health 3rd Int. Conf.London, 1–6 ( 2009) @No $ @ @ Otal B., Alonso L. and Verikoukis C., Novel qos scheduling and energysaving mac protocol for body sensor networks optimization,  Proc. of the ICST 3rd int. conf. on Body area networks, Brussels, Belgium ICST, (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Investigating the Relationship between the Demographic and specific Variables (social skills) with Teachers' Attitudes towards the Inclusive Education for students with disorder (slow learners) at Regular Schools<#LINE#>Seyyed@MohammadAliMirjalili,Mirjalili@BibiFatema<#LINE#>79-89<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJRS-2014-078.pdf<#LINE#>Farhangian University, Yazd Branch, Yazd, IRAN @ School Counselor, Yazd, IRAN <#LINE#>10/1/2014<#LINE#>18/3/2014<#LINE#>This study aims at investigating the relationship between demographic and specific variables (social skills) associated with students with disorder at regular schools. The social skill rating scale is utilized in this study to measure the students' social skills. The demographic variables applied in this study include the age, parents' occupation, parents' income, parents' marital status, supervision, and student's status. Furthermore, the specific variables (social skills) in this paper include the cooperation, assertiveness and self-containment. The descriptive statistics such as the mean and standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis and the inferential statistics such as the data normality test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were utilized for statistical analysis of obtained data. Sampling was done through the stratified cluster random sampling. Rutter questionnaire (scale B Teachers) was applied for field research on slow learning, and Gresham and Elliott questionnaire for social skills. According to the main result of this study, there is no significant relationship between the components of social skills (cooperation, assertiveness, and self-containment) and students' age, parents' occupation, parents' marital status. On the other hand, there is an effective relationship between the components of social skills (cooperation, assertiveness, and self-containment) with the factors including the parents' income, and supervision over students. Moreover, there is an effective relationship between the components of social skills (cooperation, self-containment) with the supervision over students, but no significant relationship between the assertiveness component and the supervision over students.<#LINE#> @ @ Soleimanpour-Moghaddam, Hossein, Slow learning children, A Practical Guide for Parents and Teachers, Fara-Angizesh (2011) @No $ @ @ Mary Lou, Ebersolf; James B. Ebersol; Newell C. Kephart, Progress steps for slow learners, T. Fereshteh Darvish Ghadimi, Danjeh (2013) @No $ @ @ Amir, Amireh, Progress steps for slow learners, Educational Sciences, Exceptional Children education, Nos. 80 and 81 (2008) @No $ @ @ Bayari, Abdolreza; Hosseini biji kola, Ebrahim, A research on the attitudes of parents with normal and slow learning children to integrate them at elementary schools, Jahan-e Jame Jam and Eivanaki higher education institute (2012) @No $ @ @ Shokouhi, Ziba, Slow learners labeled as the exceptional children (What do we know about the slow learners?), educational sciences, Roshd-e Moalem, 200, 16-17 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hovsepian, Alice; Tat, Mohammadreza, Inclusive education for slow learners, Research Institute for Exceptional Children (1990) @No $ @ @ Milanifar, Behrouz, The psychology of exceptional children and adolescents, Ghomess publications (2012) @No $ @ @  Featherstone, V.B., Slow learning children, T. Moshafegh-Hamedani, Safi Ali Shah press institute (1964) @No $ @ @ Nameni, Mohammadreza; Hayat-Roshanaei, Afsaneh; Torabi-Milani, Farideh, Progress steps for slow learning children, SAMT (2002) @No $ @ @ Sousa, David, A., Psychology of children with special needs for learning disabilities, T. Ahmad Yarmohammadian, Mohammad-Bagher Kajbaf, University of Isfahan (2009) @No $ @ @ Mirmehdi, Seyed-Reza; Alizadeh, Hamid; Seif-Naraghi, Maryam, The effect of executive function education on the mathematical and reading performance of elementary students with specific learning disabilities, research on the exceptional children, year 9. No. 1 (2009) @No $ @ @ Jafarinejad-fard, Mahmoud; Bagher Ghabari Bonab, Kohan, A comparison of social skills and educational achievement at inclusive and exceptional schools, research on the exceptional children, 9(1),(2009) @No $ @ @ Abedi, Ahmad; Malekpour, Mokhtar; Molavi, Hossein; Arizi, Hamidreza; Amiri, Sholeh, Comparison of children's neuropsychological characteristics with neuropsychological/ transformational and normal learning disabilities at preschool, research on the exceptional children, 9(1)(2008) @No $ @ @ Williams, A.M. A comparative analysis of the slow Learner with other students in regular education. Unpublished thesis, The University of southern Mississippi (1991) @No $ @ @ Fontana, D, Psychology for teachers. (2nd.ed), Basingstoke: Macmillan (1988) @No $ @ @ Gottlieb, Jay. Alter, mark. Gottlieb, Barbara. W., Mainstreaming mentally retarded children. (Cited in) Matson, Johnny.L & Malick, James. A. hand book of mental retardation. New York Pergam on General psychology press (2001) @No $ @ @ Brophy J. and Good T. Teacher's communication of differential expectations for children s classroom performance: some behavioral data, Journal of Educational Psychology, 61, 365-374 (2002) @No $ @ @ Maya a, c., Factors affecting the achievement motivation of high school student in Maine, University of southern maine (2002) @No $ @ @ Eva, Bosca.School Adjustment of Borderline intelligence pupils, Summary of doctoral thesis, University of cluj (2003) @No $ @ @ Gresham F.M. and Elliot SN., The social skills rating system, Circle pines, MN: American Guidance Services (1990) @No $ @ @ Rutter M., A children's behavior questionnaire for completion by teachers, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, , 27-35 (1967) @No $ @ @ Haddadi, Alireza, Faramarzi, Salar, The mentally retarded students' educational and behavioral status at regular schools of border cities, Quarterly Journal of Applied Psychology, 3(3), 35-47 (2009) @No $ @ @ Khoshkam, Zahra; Malekpour, Mokhtar; Molavi, Hossein, The effect of problem solving group education on the social skills of students with visual impairment, Research on the Exceptional Children, 9(2), 141-156 (2008) @No $ @ @ Vismeh, Ali-Akbar, The relationship between some of the factors with teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education for the slow learners at inclusive schools, Research on the Exceptional Children, 5(4), 451-464 (2005) @No $ @ @ Behpajouh, Ahmad; Soleimani, Mansour; Afrouz, Gholamali; Gholamali Lavasani, Masoud, The impact of social skills training on the slow learners' social adjustment and educational performance, Quarterly Journal of Educational Innovations, 33(9), 163 – 186 (2010) @No $ @ @ Mohammad Aghaei, Amin Asadollahi, Amid Deilami Moezzi, Mojtaba Beigi and Faegheh Parvinnejad , The Relation between Personality Type, Locus of Control, Occupational Satisfaction and Occupational Exhaustion and Determining the Effectiveness of Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on Reducing it among staffers of Saipa Company, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(12), 6-11 (2013) @No $ @ @ Rezaie H., Forghani M.H. and Hoseini A , An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Organizational Self-Esteem on Work Adjustment and Vitality of employees With Use of Structural Equation Modeling, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(12), 12-18 (2013) @No $ @ @ Parvin Genji and Mahmoud YaghoubiDoust , Examining the Effect of the Social Confidence, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(9), 25-28 (2013) @No
<#LINE#>Investigating the Relationship of Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Company Size, and Earning Management of Accepted Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange<#LINE#>Faghani@MakraniKhosro,Maryam@Amoei<#LINE#>90-97<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJRS-2014-415.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Accounting, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, IRAN <#LINE#>17/2/2014<#LINE#>25/4/2014<#LINE#>Earning is the final result of economic activities and accounting processes, affected by different trends exerted by the managers of the companies. They try to change their financial earnings via different accounting methods. This study aims to investigate relationship of corporate governance mechanisms, company size, and earning management of accepted companies in Tehran stock exchangeDependent variable includes discretionary accruals for measuring earning management, private ownership, institutional ownership, company size, and ratio of independent CEO is independent variable. Variables of financial leverage and systematic risk are control variables. Statistical population of the study is accepted companies of Tehran Stock Exchange. Using systematic sampling, statistical sample of the study includes 91 companies in Stock Exchange of Tehran, active from 2003-2013. To gather information, in theoretical section, library method was used; and forhypothesis test, financial statements of accepted companies in Tehran Stock Exchange were studied. To analyze data, correlation method and multiple regression were usedThe results showed that private ownership, institutional ownership, and ratio of independent CEO have a negative and significant correlation with earning management. Also, company size has a positive and significant correlation with earning management.<#LINE#> @ @ Jyranpour  P., Lin L.K. and Zhou  J., Audit Quality and Earnings Management for Taiwan IPO Firms, Managerial Accounting Journal, 20,  86-104 (2008) @No $ @ @ Kordbacheh Sh., Asgari M.R., Khalili M., Abbasi R. and Esgandari K., Offering a Model to Describe the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Return on Net Margin of Those Companies Accepted at Stock Exchange, International Journal of Recent Sciences, , 1 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kordbacheh Sh., Asgari M.R., Khalili M., Abbasi R. and Esgandari K., Offering a Model to Describe the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Return on Net Margin of Those Companies Accepted at Stock Exchange, International Journal of Recent Sciences,  2(3), 1 (2013) @No $ @ @ Ashigh H., Does Corporate Governance Affect Earnings Quality Preliminary Evidence from Bangladesh, School of Accounting, Working Paper, SSRN (2011) @No $ @ @ De George F., Patel J., and Zeckhauser R., Earning management to Exceed Thresholds, Journal of Business, 72(1), 1-32 (1999) @No $ @ @ Subramanyam C., Financial Accounting Theory, The Mc Graw-Hill, south-western (2007) @No $ @ @ Tavakoli A.,Vadiei  M. and Shams Kolookhi A., A goal-Programing Model for Determining Economic Order Lot Sizing Regarding Benefits of Whole Supply Chain, International Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(1),(2014) @No $ @ @ Roze Z., Meshki M. and Pourali M.R., A Study of the Relationship between Economic Criteria and Performance Evaluation Accounting With Markets Value Added in the Firms Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, International Journal of Recent Sciences,2(7), 1 (2013) @No $ @ @ Dechow P.M., Sloan R. and Sweeney A.P., Detecting Earnings Management, Journal of Accounting Review, 70(2), 193-225 (1995) @No $ @ @ Noravesh I., Sepasi S. and Nikbakht M., Examining Earning Management of Accepted Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange, Journal of Social and Human Sciences,Shiraz University, 43, 165-177 (2006) @No $ @ @ Chen P., Miller G.A., Yoon S.S. and Kim Y.S., Is Earning Management Opportunistic or Beneficial? An Agency Theory Perspective, International Review of Financial Analysis, 17, 622–634 (2012) @No $ @ @ Aghai M. and Chalaki P., Examining the Relationship between Corporate Ownership Features and Earning Management in Accepted Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange, Quarterly of Accounting Researches, , 54-77 (2010) @No $ @ @ Hasas Yeganeh Y., Sheri S. and Khosronezhad H., The Relationship between Corporate Ownership Mechanisms, Debt Ratios, Company Size and Earning Management, Quarterly of Accounting Studies,24, 79-99 (2009) @No $ @ @ Sajadi H., Dastgir M., Farazmand H. and Habibi H., Effective Factors in Earning Management of Accepted Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange, Economic Research Paper, Specific Publication of Capital Market, 2, 129-159 (2009) @No 
<#LINE#>Entrepreneurship and Educational Games<#LINE#>Amir@SeyedMohammadHassanAmirJahanshahiSistani,Sistani@HediyehAmirjahanshahi<#LINE#>98-102<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1081.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Arts and Commerce, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, INDIA @ Department of Computer Studies and Research, Symbiosis International University, Pune, INDIA <#LINE#>15/5/2014<#LINE#>11/6/2014<#LINE#>The Entrepreneurship Education must utilize modern ways to address a wider student population. Though traditional learning is often uninteresting yet it fails to engage the learners. The Students learn up to 10 times better when engaged in Simulations. Entrepreneurship is usually considered as a very scary, costly, risky and unknown arena. The classes for entrepreneurship are great, but do not target students or their interest for learning with enjoyment and play. The startup heroes prefer edutainment games versus classic teaching to better comprehend entrepreneurship, and are often motivated to start their own company. The situation-based game poses difficult tasks and challenges, at different levels. Their essential target is the youth at the crossroads of their life awaiting a decision regarding their career. This paper aims to review the entrepreneurial pedagogy required to design, to conceptualize, to integrate and to develop games showcasing the real and virtual business worlds within the Net systems and Computer games. List of non computer educational entrepreneurship games will be provided for teachers and students and will explain who entrepreneurship games will help students to practice as an entrepreneur. From a theoretical percept the assumption is that it is possible to utilize this to make an effective teaching method. The requisite entrepreneurial attitudes need not be restricted to the context of business but also to the general wisdom of taking responsibility for initiation and implementation a project. Particularly in the domain of entrepreneurship there are edifying arguments in favor of game-based learning. <#LINE#> @ @ Wolfe, J., A history of business teaching games in English speaking and post-socialist countries: The origination and diffusion of a management education and development technology, Simulation & Gaming, 24, 446-463 (1993) @No $ @ @ Aldrich, H. E., and M. A. Martinez, Many are called, but few are chosen: An evolutionary perspective for the study of entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(4): 41–56 (2001) @No $ @ @ Loebler, H., Learning Entrepreneurship from a Constructivist Perspective, Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 18(1), 19-38 (2006) @No $ @ @ Remmele, B., and Röhr, F., Das Verschwindendes Mediums in Multi-User-Dungeons., IIg-Berichte, 1(3), 15-17,(2003) @No $ @ @ Sarason, Y., Dean, T. and Dillard., J.F., Entrepreneurship as nexus of individual and opportunity: A structuration view,Journal of Business Venturing, 21, 286-305, (2006) @No $ @ @ Schumpeter, J. A., The Theory of Economic Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, (1934) @No $ @ @ Apperley, T. H., Genre and game studies: Toward a critical approach to video game genres, Simulation & Gaming, 37, 16-23, (2006) @No $ @ @ Shapiro, J., How Video Games Nurtured A Generation Of Entrepreneurs, Retrieved 2014, from http://www.forbes.com/sites/jordanshapiro/2014/02/05/how-video-games-nurtured-a-generation-of-entrepreneurs/, (2014) @No $ @ @ Kriesi., Playing to win – How video games made me a better Entrepreneur, Retrieved 2014, from http://www.kriesi.at/archives/playing-to-win-how-video-games-made-me-a-better-entrepreneur, (2013) @No $ @ @ Wawer, M., Business Simulation Games in Forming of Students’ Entrepreneurship, International journal of Euro-Mediterranean Studies, 3(1), 49-71 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jiwa, S., Lavelle, D., and Rose, A., E-entrepreneurship: Learning in a Simulated Environment, Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organization3(3), 42-56 (2005) @No $ @ @ Elfring, T., and Hulsink, W., Networks in Entrepreneurship: The Case of High-technology Firms, Final version accepted on January, 23 (Small Business Economics), 409–422, (2003) @No $ @ @ Mujtaba, B. G., Understanding the Needs and Wants of Virtual Students: Online MBA Program at the H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship of Nova Southeastern University, Tech. Trends, 51(6), 46-51, (2007) @No $ @ @ Bell, J., Callaghan, I., Demick, D., andScharf, F., Internationalising Entrepreneurship Education, Journal of International Entrepreneurship, , 109–124 (2004) @No $ @ @ Menkhoff, T., and Bengtsson, M. L., Engaging students in higher education through mobile learning: lessons learnt in a Chinese entrepreneurship course, Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 11, 225-242 (2012) @No $ @ @ Griffiths B., The educational benefits of Videogames, Education and Health Journal, 20(3), 47-51 (2002) @No $ @ @ Virvou M., Katsionis G. and Manos K., Combining Software Games with Education: Evaluation of its Educational Effectiveness, Educational Technology & Society, 8(2), 54-65 (2005) @No $ @ @ Remmele B., Game-Based Fostering of Entrepreneurial Attitudes? Proceedings of the European Conference on Games Based Learning The Danish School of Education Aarhus University Copenhagen Denmark, 336-343 (2010) @No $ @ @ Amirjahanshahi, S. M. H., E-Governmental Services for Entrepreneurs in Mashhad, Iran: An Empirical Study, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 3(6) 90-95, (2014) @No
<#LINE#>An Investigation on the Relation between Personal Characteristics and Emotional Intelligence among Small Business Entrepreneurs in the Zanjan Province, Iran<#LINE#>Droudi@Homa<#LINE#>103-107<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJRS-2014-1146.pdf<#LINE#>Full-time faculty member of Islamic Azad University, Zanjan- Branch, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Business Administration, IRAN <#LINE#>25/5/2014<#LINE#>25/6/2014<#LINE#>In this paper aim is to study relationship between emotional intelligence and personality of entrepreneurs. The descriptive research method, correlation analysis and data collection methods is combination of questionnaire and library method and sample were selected among  of managers, entrepreneurs and small businesses in the Zanjan province. Results show that entrepreneur’s personality factors such as successful seeking, risk taking, high ambiguity tolerance, creativity, independence and entrepreneurship Internal Control have significant positive correlation with emotional intelligence.<#LINE#> @ @ Goleman D., An EI-based theory of performance, in Cherniss C. and Goleman D. (Eds), The emotionally Intelligent Workplace, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA,  (2001) @No $ @ @ Lam L.T. and Kirby S.L., Is Emotional Intelligence an advantage? An exploration of the impact of emotional and Genreal intelligence on individual performance, The Journal of The Social Psychology, 121(1), 133-43 (2002) @No $ @ @ Miles R. and Snow, Organizations New Concepts for New Forms, California Management Review, 28(3),(2006) @No $ @ @ Thompson J., The Facets of the Entrepreneur: Identifying Entrepreneurial Potential, Management Decision, 42(2), (2004) @No $ @ @ Cochran T., Entrepreneurship in D.L. Sills (Ed), International Encyclopedia of the social sciences, New Yourk: Free Press (1968) @No $ @ @ Amit R., Gloston L. and Muller E., Challenging to theory development in entrepreneurship research, Journal of Management Studies, , (1993) @No $ @ @ Hisrich R.D. and Peters P.M., Entrepreneurship, (fourth ed.), Mc Graw – Hill (1998) @No $ @ @ Mclellan D., Achievement Motivation Can Be Developed, Harvard Business Review, 43, (1965) @No $ @ @ Jennings D. and Zetihaml C., Locus of Control: A review an directions for entrepreneurial research, National Academy of Management Proceedings, (1983) @No $ @ @ Hornaday J. and Aboud J., Characteristics of successful Entrepreneurs, Personnel Psychology, 24, (1971) @No $ @ @ Peterson R., Entrepreneurship and Organization, in R. Ronstadt(ed), Frontiers of Entrepreneurial Research, Babson College: Babson (1980) @No $ @ @ Brackhaus R. and Horwitz P., The Psychology of the Enterepreneur, in d. Sexton & R. Smilor(eds), The Art and Science of  Entrepreneurship Canbridge, Mass : Ballinger (1986) @No $ @ @ Kuratko D. and Hodgetts R., Entrepreneurship: A Contemporary Approach, (3rd ed.), N2: The Dryden Press (1989) @No $ @ @ Mckeran D. and Flannigan E., Shaping the Entrepreneurial Company, Chalford: Management Books 2000 Ltd. (1996) @No $ @ @ Fry F., Entrepreneurship: A planning Approach", Englewood cliffs NJ: Prentice – Hall, (1993) @No $ @ @ Longenecker G., Moore C. and Petty W., Small Business Management: An Entrepreneurial Emphasis, Cinicinnati, Ohio: South- western College pvb. (1997) @No $ @ @ Jennings R., Cox C. and Cooper C., Business Elites, London: Routledge (1994) @No $ @ @ Salovey P. and Mayer J.D., Emotional Intelligence, Imaginations, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185-211 (1990) @No $ @ @ Leary, Myleen M. and et al., A study of Personality Preferences and emotional intelligence, leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(5), 421-434 (2008) @No $ @ @ Poly Chroniou, Panagiotis V., Relationship between emotional intelligence and transformational leadership of Supervisors, Team Performance Management, 15(28), 343-356 (2008) @No $ @ @ Morehouse, Michelle M. and et al., An exploration of emotional intelligence across career arenas, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28(4), 296-307 (2006) @No $ @ @ Grant Anthony M., Enhancing coaching skills and Emotional Intelligence through training, 39(5), 257-266 (2007) @No $ @ @ Mueller, Jennifer S. and et al, Emotional Intelligence and counterpart mood induction in a negotiation, International Journal of conflict Management, 17(2), 110–128 (2006) @No $ @ @ Hopkins Margaret M. and et al., Emotional Intelligence and Board Governance: Leadership Lessons from the Public Sector, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(7), 683 – 700 (2007) @No
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>A Survey on the Perspectives in the Social Psychology<#LINE#>Mirsadeghi@Sodabeh<#LINE#>108-111<#LINE#>16.ISCA-RJRS-2013-292.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Education and psychology, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>19/5/2013<#LINE#>30/5/2014<#LINE#>Social psychological is for recognition factors that are affective on personal thoughts and feelings respect to others that cause to certain actions. Social psychologists, beside investigation on the mental and emotional issues, study the behavior and social interactions. They study the factors that are effective to leadership team, people interact with strangers, acquaintances and relatives and do research on the signs are set to scrutinize these transactions. In this paper we have an overview of on-going social psychology. <#LINE#> @ @ Anderson, Symbolic Psychologic: A model of attiludinal Cognition, Behavioral Science, , 1-13 (2001) @No $ @ @ Arkin R.M., Gleason J.M. and Johnston S., Effects of perceived choice, expected outcome, and observed outcome of an action on the causal attribution of actors, Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology, 12, 151-158 (1976) @No $ @ @ Bechara, A relational obligations approach to the foot-in-the- mouth effect, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 24, 546-556 (2000) @No $ @ @ Barown J., An introduction to motivation, New York, vonnostrand, 31, (2000) @No $ @ @ Baker H., Introduction to Mental Health in the Exceptional Children, NewYork: The Macmillan Company (2003) @No $ @ @ Bar-On, R., The Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i): Technical Manual, Toronto, Canada: Multi-Health Systems, Inc. (2000) @No $ @ @ Eleftheriadou dimitra, Acomparison of regular and special education teachers attribution patterns of childrens difficulties in learning (2008) @No $ @ @ Edleman, Crowding and personal control: Social density and the development of learned helplessness, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36, 1000-1011 (1997) @No $ @ @ Emmerling, Audienc influence, In P.B. Paulus. Psychology of Group Influence, Hillsdale, (2003) @No $ @ @ Gilbert D.T., Thinking lightly about others: Automatic components of the social inference process, In J.S, Uleman and J.A Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought: Limits of awareness, intention and control, NewYork: Guilford (1989) @No $ @ @ Gottman J.M., What Predicts Divorce? The Relatioship between Marital Processes and Marital outcomes, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum (1994) @No $ @ @ Goleman D., Working with Emotional Intelligence, New York: Bantam (1998) @No 
<#LINE#>Student-Based Budgeting: Customer Centeredness and Justice in Educational System<#LINE#>Dehsorkhi@HatamFaraji,Shomami@MostafaAzizi,Gholizadeh@Armin,pirayandeh@Iman,,Karfestani@ZahraJafari<#LINE#>112-117<#LINE#>17.ISCA-RJRS-2013-517.pdf<#LINE#>Educational Administration, Kharazmi University, IRAN @ Shahid Beheshti University, IRAN @ University of Mazandaran, IRAN<#LINE#>5/8/2013<#LINE#>24/10/2013<#LINE#>Along with financial reforms in the educational system, and holding schools accountable for student achievement, in recent years many educational areas in the United States have taken steps towards student budgeting system. Student-based budgeting system is a new mechanism, which provides schools with financial resources based on the number of students and their needs. It aims to increase the financing equity, improve budgeting and accountability, increase transparency in order to improve student performance and educational justice. In order to do so, in this article, through defining the concept of student-based budgeting, we have examined its functions, aims, elements, challenges and its assistance to the educational system.  Although this novel way cannot be considered as a panacea to all the problems in the educational system, it can pave the way for profound reforms in educational systems as well as school. At last, some practical suggestions have been offered to implement and administer student-based budgeting. <#LINE#> @ @ Miles K., Ware K. and Roza M., Leveling the playing field: creating funding equity through student based budgeting, Annenberg Institute for School Reform, Brown University, (2003) @No $ @ @ Miles K. and Roza M., First steps to a level playing field: An introduction to student based budgeting. In Portfolio for district redesign. New York: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, Available from http://www.schoolcommunities.org/Archive/portfolio/index.html, (2002) @No $ @ @ Ouchi W. and Segal L., Making schools work: A revolutionary plan to get your children the education they need, New York: Simon and Schuster (2003) @No $ @ @ Sclafani S., Comment by Susan Sclafani on How within district spending inequities help some schools to fail, In D. Ravitch (Ed.), Brookings papers on education policy: (219–222), Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press (2004) @No $ @ @ Simmons W., Student-based budgeting. Annenberg Institute for School Reform, Brown University (2010) @No $ @ @ Miles K. and Roza M., Assessing inequities in school funding within districts: A tool to prepare for weighted student budgeting. In Portfolio for district redesign, New York: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, Available from http://www.schoolcommunities. org/Archive/portfolio/index.html (2002) @No $ @ @ Calvo N., Budgeting based on student needs, Available at: WWW.District Aministration.com, (2011) @No $ @ @ Education Resources Strategies (ERS), Fair Student Funding Summit: Rethinking Resources for Student Success, Available at: ERStrategies.org, (2010) @No $ @ @ Miles K. and Roza M., Moving toward equity in school funding within districts. In Portfolio for district redesign. New York: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University. Available from http://www.schoolcommunities.org/Archive/portfolio/index.html, (2002) @No $ @ @ Board of Education, A guide to student based budgeting. Hartford, (2009) @No $ @ @ Public Impact, Funding a better education: Conclusions from the first three years of student-based budgeting in Hartford. Chapel Hill, NC: Public Impact; and Hartford, CT: Achieve Hartford! Retrieved from http://WWW.achievehartford.org/ upload/files/Student Based BudegetingReport.pdf, (2012) @No
<#LINE#>The Rule flow of "Law Waiver" in Misyar Marriage and investigating its Obstacles<#LINE#>Sadrabadi@HamidRostaee<#LINE#>118-122<#LINE#>18.ISCA-RJRS-2014-125.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Islamic Jurisprudence and law, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>16/1/2014<#LINE#>19/3/2014<#LINE#>Marriage Misyar the conjugal that terms compromise parties,wife is cannibalized to often during the marriage, right to alimony and the Mbyt and in front of man is cannibalized also the right to prevent of employment and leaving the wife of the home and couples reciprocally is cannibalized to inheritance rights the syntax of act condition. Cannibalized the rights based on the principle of jurisprudence is "Cannibalized Right“ that based on any entitled can be cannibalized the legal been applied for observance his status. But according to some cannibalized rights couples is faced with barrier "cannibalized right before the creation." because time marriage it is not obligatory such legal and cannibalized the destruction impossible and unthinkable rationally. Whereas it is not a barrier for flow rule cannibalized right. Because in Misyar marriage origination cannibalized is done at the time of concluding but origin its effect is realized at the time of creating the right and this separation between theme and origination it is conceivable credit affairs. On the other condition cannibalized rights couples is not contrary with due the nature of concluding but only would hesitate circle the applicable Concluding and not encountered with problems in this respect. Cannibalized rights couples does not oppose with sharia because what is unlawfulis cannibalized assignment and with cannibalized of rights couples by entitled, not remain thematic for task opponent in fact, task remains no subject and in this sense is without bug. So flow rule waiver at Misyar marriage practically is not faced with barrier indeed most of the contemporary jurists have chosen this comment and have legitimized Cannibalized rights couples. <#LINE#> @ @ Tarihi F., Bahrain Mall, Office of spreading Islamic culture, (2007) @No $ @ @ Najafi S., Jewels of Bahrain speech to explain the laws of Islam, House revival of Arab heritage, Bicha: Beirut(2000) @No $ @ @ Jaziri A., Jurisprudence at the four schools, Beirut, Dar Althaglin, 1(4), (2005) @No $ @ @ Sharbini M., Singer needy, House revival of Arab heritage, Bicha: Beirut,(2008) @No $ @ @ Tamimi A., Misyar marriage, Journal of Al-Asreh, Netherland, 46 (2010) @No $ @ @ Ragheb Isfahani A., Vocabulary willing, Tehran, Library of Mortazavieh, (2001) @No $ @ @ Ashghar Osamat O., Doctrinal developments in matters of marriage and divorce, Jordan: Dor Al-Nafaes, 1,(2008) @No $ @ @ Ibn Salim, Marriage Al-misyar and sentences Alankhh Al-Mahrameh, Al-Maktab Al-Asriye: Beirut, 1,(2001) @No $ @ @ Makarem Shirazi N., Marriage Book, publishing School of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib, Qom (2004) @No $ @ @ Atibi E., Provisions of diversity in light of the book and Sunnah, Publication of Bija, 1, (2005) @No $ @ @ Abd Al-Moneem M., Glossary of words and jurisprudence, publishing Dar Al-Feyzieh: Bita (2002) @No $ @ @ Zahili V., Islamic jurisprudence and evidence, House of thought, Damascus (1999) @No $ @ @ Jorjani A., Definitions, achieving by Ibrahim Al-Biary, House of Al-Ketab Al-Arabi: Beirut(1998) @No $ @ @ Shahid Sani Z., The issue of your mala to revise the laws of Islam, institute of Maarefe Islami: Qom, Iran (1995) @No $ @ @ Mostafavi K., Rules, Islamic publishing Institute, fourth edition, Qom (2006) @No $ @ @ Mohaghegh Damad M., Rule of law, civil sector 2, Publication of Samt: Tehran (2002) @No $ @ @ Ansari M., Ketab Al-Makaseb, Institute of Al-Neman: Beirut(2004) @No $ @ @ Majlesi M., Sailor lights university to Dürer News pure Imams (peace be upon them), Institute of Al-Vafa:Beirut(2000) @No $ @ @ Amoli M., Almakaseb and Albaye, Pleadings by Mirzaye Naeeni, institute of Al-Nashre Al-Eslami:Qom(2005) @No $ @ @ Zahili V., Islamic jurisprudence and evidence, House of thought, Damascus (1989) @No $ @ @ Ibn Ghodameh M., Ebi-Mohammad A, Al-Moghni, Beirut, House of Al-Ketab Al-Elmiyeh: Bita,(2001) @No $ @ @ Iravani A., Footnote a book gains, Print by Bagher Fakhar Isfahani, Qom (2006) @No $ @ @ Tohidi M., Al-faqahe lamp in transactions, Pleadings by Al-Mohaghegh Al-Khoee: Bita, First Edition (2008) @No $ @ @ Haeri K., Jurisprudence contracts, Second Edition, Qom, Islamic complex of thought(2007) @No $ @ @ Hoseyni Baghaee M.A., The fact misyar and legality of Amusement, the white house argument: Beirut(2007) @No $ @ @ Tabatabaee M., Nahj Al-Faqhahe, first edition, Qom: Publication of 22-Bahman: Bita(2010) @No $ @ @ Khansari A., Jame Al-Madarek in Manual explain the beneficial, Maktab Al-Sadogh: Tehran, , (2009) @No $ @ @ Mangang P.N., Health Beliefs and Perception of Wellbeing among the Lois of Thanga in Manipur, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(4), 46-52 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nwajei G.E., Okwagi P., Nwajei R.I. and Obi-Iyeke G.E., Analytical Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils, Tomato Leaves and Fruits in the Vicinity of Paint Industry, Nigeria, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(4), 22-26 (2012) @No $ @ @ Amanchi N.R. and Mohd M.H.,Ecophysiological and cytopathological impact of delfin insecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) to a unicellular ciliate protozoan, Euplotes patella, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,1(4), 64-67 (2012) @No
@Case Study
<#LINE#>A Study on the Effect of Marketing Advertisements and Price Promotions to Brand equity in Iranian Insurance Industry (A Case Study on Iran, Asia and Parsian Insurance Companies)<#LINE#>Ardestani@AbbasSaleh,Mirabi@VahidReza,Mohammad@AliAfsharKazemi,Far@BehnamEsmaeili<#LINE#>123-129<#LINE#>19.ISCA-RJRS-2013-682.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Management, Qeshm International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, IRAN <#LINE#>20/9/2013<#LINE#>25/12/2013<#LINE#>The research presents effect ofmarketing advertisements and price promotion to brand equity in InsuranceindustryinIran.Methodology that used from viewpoint of aim is applied and theprocedure of them is also survey. The sample was randomly drawn from the population who are legal and real customers of IranInsurance Company, Asia Insurance company and Parsian insurance company that they have 2 years record in Tehran branches so that the numbers of them are 23679.researeh model of the study consist of randomly selected 429 consumers and we measured it by random sampling method. Advertising and price promotion are Independent variable, perceivedquality of thebrand, brand loyalty and brand image are dependent variable and brand awareness is mediator variable. Required information for this research was gathered by using a standard questionnaire. This information accordingto research hypotheses, theinformation inLISRELsoftware environment by applying confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model was analyzed. The results of the present study show marketing advertisements on perceived quality, brand awareness, brand image and brand loyalty has a positive effect; price promotion has a negative effect on perceived quality and has positive effect on brand image. Brandawareness has also a positive effect on brand image. <#LINE#> @ @ Atilgan E. Aksoy S. and Akinci S., Determination of the brand equity, Marketing Intelligence and planning, 23(3), 237-248 (2007) @No $ @ @ Lee J.S. and Back K.J., Reexamination of attendee-based brand equity, Tourism management, 1-7 (2009) @No $ @ @ Glynn M.S., Motion J. and Brodie R.J., Source of Brand benefits in  manufacture- reseller B2B relationships, Journal of Buisness and industrial marketing,22(6), 400-409 (2007) @No $ @ @ Buil I., Chenatony L.D and Martine E., A-Cross-National validation of the consumer-based brand equity scale, Journal of product & brand management17(6), 384-392 (2008) @No $ @ @ Mohammedyan, Mahmoud, boom, MH, brand promotion strategies and techniques, gentle Book Publishing Institute, Tehran (2010) @No $ @ @ Taylor S.A. Hunter, G.L and Lindberg D.L, Understanding (customer-based) brand equity in financial services, The journal of service marketing, 21(4), 241-252 (2007) @No $ @ @ Goldfrab A. Lu Q. and Moorthy S., Measuring brand value in an Equilibrium framework, Marketing science, 28(1), 69-86 (2009) @No $ @ @ Kayaman R. and Arasli H., Customer-based brand equity: evidence from the hotel industry, management service quality, 17(1), 92-109 (2007) @No $ @ @ Krishnan B.C and Hartline M.D., Brand equity it is more important in services?, Journal of service marketing, 15(5), 328-342 (2001) @No $ @ @ Central Insurance Website URL: www.centinsur.ir. (2013) @No $ @ @ Ismail K., Hussain J., Shah F.A. and Hussain A.,Effect of Marketing Communication on Sales Performance of  Multinational Companies: A Case Study of Proctor and Gamble Company, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), 44-48 (2012) @No $ @ @ Kotler P. and Armestrong G.,Principles of Marketing 13thed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/ Prentice Hall (2010) @No $ @ @ Wells W., Moriarty S., Burnett J. and Lwin M., Advertising: Principles and effective IMC practice,Singapore: Pearson/prentice Hall Asia (2007) @No $ @ @ Soni Neha and Verghese Manoj, Impact of Sales Promotion Tools on Consumer’s Purchase Decision towardsWhite Good (Refrigerator) at Durg and Bhilai Region of CG, India ,Research Journal of Management Sciences,2(7), 10-14, (2013) @No $ @ @ Madhavaram S., Badrinarayanan V. and MnDonald R.E.,Integrated marketing communication (IMC) and brand Identity as Critical Components of Brand equity strategy: A conceptual framework and research propositions, Journal of advertising, 34 (4), 69-80 (2005) @No $ @ @ Kotler P., Keller K.L, Ang S.H., Leong, A.M. and Tan C.T., Marketing management An Asian perspective, 5th ed. Singapore: Prentice Hall (2009) @No $ @ @ Blech G.E. and Blech M.E., Advertising and promotion, thed. 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<#LINE#>Assessing the Role of Brand Personality on Trust, Affection, Loyalty and Customer Satisfaction in Governmental Organization: (Case of Study: Maskan Bank)<#LINE#>ElhamVahedi@,Shirian@Abbas,SadeghVaziri@Faraz,Ehsan@RahbarKelishmi,Esmaeili@Saeideh<#LINE#>130-138<#LINE#>20.ISCA-RJRS-2013-735.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Executive Master of Business Administration, Alborz University, IRAN @ Department of Management and Global Economy, Instroct Scientific Applied Training Center, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Marketing Management, University of Tehran, IRAN Department of Financial Management, University of Tehran, IRAN @ Science and Research Campus, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>11/10/2013<#LINE#>28/1/2014<#LINE#>Like interactions between human to human, in which personality attraction and fitness lead to positive moral effects in the addressee, the relationship between human traits and brand personality is in line with the same rule. Personality attraction of a brand in consumer’s mind causes customer's internal affection and trust that ultimately bring about brand satisfaction. Endurance of this satisfaction creates a kind of loyalty which is the aim of customer-based companies. Not many researches have been done integrative on this field. Therefore, the current research, a kind of descriptive survey, has used Structural Equation Modeling to investigate the effect of brand personality variable on four efficient variables in 385 customers of Maskan Bank. These variables include brand trust, loyalty and satisfaction which this research has proven the effect of brand personality on brand trust and affection but surprisingly, no sensible relationship between brand personality and two variables of satisfaction and loyalty was found. <#LINE#> @ @ Keller K.L., Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity, J. 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