@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Socio-Religious Importance of Plants in Bundelkhand Region of India<#LINE#>J.R.@Ahirwar<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-02.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, Govt. College Niwari, District-Tikamgarh, M.P. INDIA  <#LINE#>13/5/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#> The present study provides the information regarding the socio-religious importance of plants in Bundelkhand region of India. The rural and forest area of Bundelkhand were surveyed and covered extensively to record the socio-religious plants.  During the survey 51 plant species of angiosperms have been enumerated which are being used by the people in various social and religious customs like marriage, worshiping, child birth, festivals and cremation.  <#LINE#> @ @  Ahirwar J.R., Diversity of Socio-religious plants of Bundelkhand region of India. Proc. of Nat. Seminar on Biological Diversity and its Conservation at Govt.  P.G. College, Morena (M.P.), 21 (2010) @No $ @ @  Pandey Hari Prakash and Verma B.K., Phytoremedial wreath: A traditional excellence of healing. The Indian Forester, 131(3), 437-441 (2005) @No $ @ @  Dashora Kavya, Bharadwaj Meenakshi and Gupta Anjali, Conservation ethics of plants in India. The Indian Forester, 136(6), 837-842 (2010) @No $ @ @  Mudgal V., Khanna K.K. and Hajara P.K.,  Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Published by Botanical Survey of India, 2, (1997) @No $ @ @  Verma D.M., Balakrishanan N.P. and Dixit R.D., Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Published by Botanical Survey of India, Vol. 1, (1993) @No $ @ @  Singh N.P., Khanna K.K., Mudgal V. and Dixit R.D.,  Flora of Madhya Pradesh, Published by Botanical Survey of India, 3,  (2001) @No $ @ @  Isaacs Mozelle, The flowering plants of western India, Published by Akashdeep Publishing House, Delhi, India (1989) @No $ @ @  Roy G.P., Shukla B.K., and Dutt B., Flora of Madhya Pradesh (Chhatapur and Damoh), New Delhi, (1992) @No $ @ @  Panigarhi G. and Murti S.K., Flora of Bilaspur district, M.P., Published by Botanical Survey of India, 1, (1989) @No $ @ @  Murti S.K. and Panigarhi G.,  Flora of Bilaspur district, M.P., Published by Botanical Survey of India, 2, (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Ethnomedicinal Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Male Infertilty among the IFA Nkari People of Ini Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria<#LINE#>J.O.@Erhabor,M.@Idu,F.O.@Udo<#LINE#>5-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-38.pdf<#LINE#>Departement of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Benin, P.M.B 1154, Benin City, NIGERIA @ Benson Idahosa University, PMB, 110, Benin City, NIGERIA  <#LINE#>10/10/2012<#LINE#>25/1/2012<#LINE#> Over the years plants have been used for the management and treatment of male infertility and it’s gradually gaining grounds due to its availability and affordability. Infertility is the inability of a couple to have a pregnancy, after one year of regular sexual intercourse (3 to 4 times per week) without using any contraceptive. This survey was carried out to document medicinal plants used in the treatment of male infertility among the Ifa Nkari people of Ini Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Ethnomedical data were collected by oral interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. A total of twenty respondents  which included nineteen (19)  males and one (1) female were interviewed. A record of thirty-one (31) medicinal plants belonging to twenty-four (24) families with their botanical descriptions, folk uses, methods of preparation, reported uses, isolated substances and pharmacological effects were documented. The Poaceae family was the most represented with three species followed by Arecaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Liliaceae, Musaceae and Zingiberaceae families which has two species each and others one species. Leaves and roots were the commonest plant parts used closely followed by seeds, bark and fruits. The use of plants for the treatment of male infertility has been on the increase and the current renewed interest in natural products to sustain health globally cannot be overemphasized. It is therefore recommended that the reported anti-infertility plants be investigated to ascertain their safety and efficacy in order to improve the quality of life of man as well as the well-being of married couples.  <#LINE#> @ @  WHO. Legal Status of Traditional Medicine and Complementary and Alternative medicine: A Worldwide Review, 200 (2001) @No $ @ @  WHO Traditional medicine – growing needs and potentials, Who Pol. Persp. on Med., 2, 1–6 (2002) @No $ @ @  Ogunbodede A. J., Mental illness and traditional therapy in Nigeria, Ibom J. Soc. Issues, 4, 56-66 (1997) @No $ @ @  Enwereji E., Views on tuberculosis among the Igbo of Nigeria, Indig. Know. and Dev. Monitor, 7, 4–7 (1999) @No $ @ @  Salgado J.T.R., Hernandez M., Ayala A., Frequency of altered male factor in infertility clinic, Gyn and Obst, 71, 233-237 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ojobo S., Management of Infertility amongst Nigerian Couples, The way forward. Women’s Health and Action Research Centre. Community Education Lecture Series 2007 WHARC, Benin City, Nigeria, 26 (2007) @No $ @ @  WHO. WHO Manual for the standardised investigation and diagnosis of the infertile male Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 102 (2000) @No $ @ @  Feng H.L., Molecular biology of male infertility, Arch. of Andr., 49,19-27 (2003) @No $ @ @  Carlsen E., Giwercman A.J., Keiding N., Skakkebaek N.E., Declinein semen quality from 1930 to 1991, UgeskrLaeger, 155, 2230-2235 (1993) @No $ @ @  Chinnoch P., Reproductive Health, Afri. Health, 18 3-19 (1996) @No $ @ @  Kulkani S.K. and Reddy D.S. Pharmacotherapy of Male Erectile Dysfuction with Sildenafil, Indian J. of Pharmacol,  30, 367-378 (1990) @No $ @ @  WHO. Binnial Report, Prevention of Infertility from 1992–1993 Edt, J. Khanna, Office of Publication, WHO, Geneva, 32 – 33,161-166 (1993) @No $ @ @  Gill L.S., Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plants in Nigeria. Uniben Press, Nigeria, 276 (1992) , 5-11 (2013) @No $ @ @   Etukudo I., Ethnobotany Conventional and traditional uses of plant. The Verdict Press, Uyo, Nigeria 191 (2003) @No $ @ @   Afolayan J.D. and Yakubun M.T., Erectile dysfunction management options in Nigeria, J. of  Sexual Med., 6, 1090-1102 (2008) @No $ @ @   Maud K.M. and Hannington O.O., Traditional herbal remedies used in the management of sexual impotence and erectile dysfunction in Western Uganda, Afri. Health Sci., 5, 40-48 (2005) @No $ @ @   Yakubu M.T., Akani M.A. and Oladiji A.T., Male sexual dysfunction and methods used in assessing medical plants with aphrodisiac potentials, Pharma. Rev., 1, 49-56 (2007) @No $ @ @   Ariba A.J., Oladipo O.T., Iyaniwura C.A., Dada O. A., Management of Erectile dysfunction: Perception and practices of Nigerian primary care clinicians, S. Afri. Family Prac., 49, 16a-d (2007) @No $ @ @   Baljinder, S., Vikas, G., Parveen, B., Ranjit, S., Dharmendra K., Pharmacological potential of plant used as aphrodisiacs, Intl.  J. of Pharm. Scns Rev. and Res., 5, 104-113 (2010) @No $ @ @   Igoli J.O. Ogaji O.G., Tor-Anyiin T.A., Igoli N.P.,Traditional medicine practice amongst the Igede people of Nigeria. Part II. Afri. J. of Trad., Compl. and Altern. Med, 2, 134 –152 (2005) @No $ @ @   Kafaru E., Immense help from Nature’s Workshop. Elikaf Health Services ltd. Ikeja, Lagos, 212p (1994) @No $ @ @  Burkill H.M., The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. The Whitefriars Press Limited, Great Britain, 960 (1985) @No $ @ @   Yativ M., Harary I., Wolf S., Sucrose accumulation in watermelon fruits: Genetic variation and biochemical analysis, Journal of Plant Physiology, 167, 589-596 (2010) @No $ @ @   Aiyeloja A.A. and Bello O.A. Ethnobotanical potentials of common herbs in Nigeria: A case study of Enugu state, Edu. Res. and Rev. 1, 6-22 (2006) @No $ @ @   Lawal I.O., Uzokwe N.E., Igboanugo A.B.I., Adio A.F., Awosan E.A., Nwogwugwu  J.O., Faloye B., Olatunji B.P., Adesoga A.A. Ethnomedicinal information on collation and identification of some medicinal plants in Research Institutes of South-west Nigeria, Afri. J. of Pharm. and Pharmacol, 4, 1-7 (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>Phytochemical analysis of leaf extract of Phyllanthus fraternus<#LINE#>Kavit@Mehta,B.N.@Patel,B.K.@Jain<#LINE#>12-15<#LINE#>3.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-43.pdf<#LINE#>Mehsana Urban Institute of Sciences, Ganpat University, Ganpat Vidyanagar, Kherwa, Dist. Mehsana, North Gujarat, INDIA @ M.G. Science Institute, Navrangpura, Ahmadabad, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/10/2012<#LINE#>29/1/2013<#LINE#> Phyllanthus fraternus is a pan tropical weed and probably originates from western India. This plant belongs to Euphorbiaceae family. In India it is used as a herbal medicine and called as ‘Bhumyamlaki’. It is a large genus comprising about 750 species in tropical and subtropical regions. The leaves of Phyllanthus fraternus are collected from botanical garden of University campus. The leaves are extracted in chloroform solvent and evaluated for phytoconstitutes present in them. For phytochemical analysis of plant extract thin layer chromatography and preliminary screening method of phytoconstitute by Sofowara, Trease and evans and Harbone was followed. The plant extract contains alkaloids like morphine and boldine. Extract also contains tannins, saponin, terpenoid and steroid. The present study provides evidence that solvent extract of Phyllanthus fraternus contains medicinally important bioactive compounds and this justifies the use of plant species as traditional medicine for treatment of various diseases.  <#LINE#> @ @  Perumal Samy R. and Gopala Krishnakone P., Current status of herbal and their future perspectives, Nature Precedings: hdl:10101/npre.1176.1: (2007) @No $ @ @  Akinjogunia O.J., Eghafona N.O., Enabulele I.O., Mboto C.l. and Ogbemudia F.O., Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of phyllanthus amarus against extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from stool samples of HIV sero-positive patients with or without diarrhoea, African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 4(6), 402-407 (2010) @No $ @ @  Ismaila Y. Sudi, Denban M. Ksgbiya1 and Emmanuel K. Muluh1, Nutritional and phytochemical screening of Senna obtusifolia indigenous to Mubi nigeria, Advances in Applied Science Research, 2(3), 432-437 (2011) @No $ @ @  Mukeshwar Pandey, Mousumi Debnath and Etal, Phytomedicine: An ancient approach turning into future potential source of therapeutics, Journal of Pharmacognosy and phytotherapy, 3(1), 113-117 (2011) @No $ @ @  Victor Njoku O. and Chidi Obi, Phytochemical constituents of some selected medicinal  plants, African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 3(11), 228-233 (2009) @No $ @ @  Alagesaboopathi C. and Sivakumar R., Antimicrobial properties of various extracts of andrographis neesiana wight-an endemic medicinal species from india, International Journal of pharmatech research, 3(1), 27-31 (2011) @No $ @ @  Trease G.E. and Evans W.C., Pharmacognosy, 11th edn., Bailliere Tindall, London, 45-50 (1989) @No $ @ @  Usher G., A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. C.B.S Publishers and Distributors, Delhi-110032, India 220 (1984) @No $ @ @  Morabandza C.J., Ongoka R.P., Matini L., Epa C., Nkounkou L.C. and Abena A.A., Chemical composition of the Mesocarp of Garcinia kola Heckel (Clusiaceae) Fruit, Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(1), 53-58 (2013) @No $ @ @  Jain Monica, Rajput Ritika and Mishra Anamika, Enhancement of secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis in Bacopa monnieri: An in vitro Study, Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(1), 13-16 (2013) @No $ @ @  Rane Rajeshree, Patil Sushma,Gangolli Divya and Ingawale Kanchan, The ash and Iron Content in Apple Juice Concentrate Powder, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(10), 59-62 (2012) @No
<#LINE#>A Study on Downstream Processing for the production of Pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans-SB-01 from the Fermentation broth<#LINE#>Bishwambhar@Mishra,Vuppu@Suneetha<#LINE#>16-19<#LINE#>4.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-46.pdf<#LINE#>Instrumental and Food Analysis Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>18/10/2012<#LINE#>21/1/2013<#LINE#> Pullulan, which is made up of linear α-D-glucan maltotriose and maltotetrose repeating units interconnected by α (1→6) and α (1→4) linkages, is a water-soluble homopolysaccharide produced extracellularly by Aureobasidium pullulans. Although the production of this bio-polymer is commercially going on still the establishment of the cost effective downstream processing has not attained up to the mark. It is necessary to harvest cells, remove the melanin pigments co-produced during its fermentation followed by its precipitation, concentration and drying. The present work reports on some of these aspects. Centrifugation of the fermentation broth at 8,000 rpm for 20 min gave cell pellets that were discarded and a greenish black supernatant containing melanin pigment which was subjected to the heat treatment at 80�C for 30 min in order to remove the protein (mainly Pullulanase) in the fermentation broth. The supernatant was demelanized by with hydrogen peroxide and activated charcoal, solvent-solvent blends, or by solvent-salt combinations in which hydrogen peroxide treatment shows better result for the removal of melanin pigments. For the precipitation of the exopolysachride the cold Isopropanol was used followed by its drying process at 60�C for 40 min. This methodology produced high purity pullulan that was comparable in colour and texture to the commercial samples which was characterized by the HPLC and FT-IR analysis.  <#LINE#> @ @  Suneetha V., Sindhuja K.V., Sanjeev K., Screening characterization and optimization of Pullulan producing microorganisms from chitoor district, Asian J Microbiol Biotech Env. Sci., 12(2), 149-155 (2010) @No $ @ @  Cheng K.C., Demirci A., Catchmark J.M., Evaluation of medium composition and fermentation parameters on pullulan production by Aureobasidium pullulans, Food Sci Tech Int, 17(3), 99-109 (2011) @No $ @ @  Cheng K.C., Demirci A., Catchmark J.M. Pullulan: biosynthesis, production, and applications, App Microbiol Biotech, 92(1), 29-44 (2011) @No $ @ @  Chi Z.M. and Zhao S.Z. Optimization of medium and cultivation conditions for pullulan production by a new pullulan-producing yeast strain, Enz Microbiol Tech, 33(1), 206–211 (2003) @No $ @ @  Li B.X., Zhang N., Peng Q., Yin T., Guan F.F., Wang G.L., Li Y. Production of pigment-free pullulan by swollen cell in Aureobasidium pullulans NG which cell differentiation was affected by pH and nutrition, Appl Microbiol Biotech, 84(2), 293-300 (2009) @No $ @ @  Madi N.S., Harvey L.M., Mehlert A., McNeil B. Synthesis of two distinct exopolysaccharide fractions by cultures of the polymorphic fungus Aureobasidium pullulans, Car Polymers 32(3), 307–314 (1997) @No $ @ @  Bishwambhar M., Suneetha V. and Kalyani R. The role of microbial pullulan, a biopolymer in pharmaceutical approaches: A review, J App Pharma Sci, 01(06), 45-50 (2011) @No $ @ @  Bishwambhar M. and Suneetha V. Characterization of exopolysaccharide a pullulan produced by a novel strain of Aureobasidium pullulans-SB-1 isolated from the phylloplane of Brassica oleracea cultivated in Orissa State, Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol Env Sci , 14 (3),369-374 (2012) @No $ @ @  Milanka D.R., Olga G.C., Snezana D.N., Dragana S.D. et al. Simultaneous production of pullulan and biosorption of metals by Aureobasidium pullulans strain CH-1 on peat hydrolysate, Bioresource Tech, 99(4), 6673–6677 (2008) @No $ @ @  Pollock J.T., Thorne L. and Armentront R.W., Isolation of new Aureobasidium strains that produce high molecular weight pullulan with reduced pigmentation, Appl Env Microbiol, 5(2), 877–883 (1992) @No $ @ @  Singh R.S. and Saini G.K., Pullulan-hyperproducing color variant strain of Aureobasidium pullulans FB-1 newly isolated from phylloplane of Ficus sp. Bio res. Tech, 99(3), 3896–3899 (2008) @No $ @ @  Punnapayak H., Sudhadham M., Prasongsuk S., Pichayangkura S. Characterization of Aureobasidium pullulans isolated from airborne spores in Thailand, J. Industrial Microbiol Biotechnol, 30(4), 89–94 (2003) @No $ @ @  Hyung-Pil Seo, Chang-Woo Son , Chung-Han Chung , Dae-Il Jung, Sung-Koo Kim, Richard A. Gross, David L Kaplan, Jin-Woo Lee Production of high molecular weight pullulan by Aureobasidium pullulans HP-2001 with soybean pomace as a nitrogen source, Bio res Tech, 95(3), 293–299 (2004) @No $ @ @  Roukas T. Pretreatment of beet molasses to increase pullulan production, Process Biochem, 33(3), 805–810 (1998) @No $ @ @  Weifa Z., Bradley S.C., Barbara M.M.D., Robert J.S. Effects of melanin on the accumulation of exopolysaccharides by Aureobasidium pullulans grown on nitrate, Bio res Tech, 99 (3), 7480–7486 (2008) @No $ @ @  Yarrow D. Methods for the isolation, maintenance and identification of yeasts. In C.P. Kurtzman & J.W.Fell (Eds.), the yeasts, a taxonomic study, 6, 77-100 (1998) @No $ @ @  Yurlova N.A., De Hoog G.S. A new variety of Aureobasidium pullulans characterized by exopolysaccharides structure, nutritional physiology and molecular features, Ant van Leeuwenhoek, 72(3),141–147 (1997) @No $ @ @  Zhao S., Chi Z., A New Pullulan-Producing Yeast and Medium Optimization for Its Exopolysaccharide Production, J Ocean Univer Qingdao, 2(3), 53-57 (2003) @No 
<#LINE#>Factors Influencing the Interaction of three Fungi and Mycotoxin Production<#LINE#>M.@Surekha,S.@Kiran,A.@Naresh,S.M.@Reddy<#LINE#>20-23<#LINE#>5.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-53.pdf<#LINE#> Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA  <#LINE#>19/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> The interaction of three fungi viz, Penicillium griseofulvum P. crustosum and Aspergillus terreus in relation to mycotoxins production was studied. Production of penitrem A, CPA, patulin and terreic acid by above fungi varied with the environmental conditions. In general glucose, sucrose and potassium nitrate were favoured carbon and nitrogen sources. The biomass production also varied with environmental factors.  <#LINE#> @ @  Kim Y.K. and Roh J.K. Survey for zearalenone in imported corn, Korean J Anim Sci., 28, 29-32 (1986) @No $ @ @  Cuero R.G., Smith J.E. and Lacey J., Interaction of water activity, temperature and substrate in mycotoxin production by A. flavus, P. viridicatum and F. graminearum in irradiated grains, Trans. British, Myco. Sco., 89, 221-226 (1987) @No $ @ @  Roy A.K. and Chourasia H.K. Inhibition of aflatoxins production by microbial interaction, J Gen Apl Microbiol., 36, 59–62 (1990) @No $ @ @  Lee H.B. and Magan N., Impact of environment and inter specific interactions between spoilage fungi and Aspergillus ochraceus on growth and ochratoxin production in maize grain, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 61, 11–16 (2000) @No $ @ @  Simpson D.R., Thomsett M.A. and Nicholson P., Competitive interactions between Microdochium nivale var. majus, M. nivale var. nivale and Fusarium culmorum in planta and in vitro, Environmental Microbiology., 6(1), 79–87 (2004) @No $ @ @  Bacon C.W., Hinton D.M. and Hinton Jr A., Growth-inhibiting effects of concentrations of fusaric acid on the growth of Bacillus mojavensis and other biocontrol Bacillus species, J. Appl. Microbiol., 100, 185–194 (2006) @No $ @ @  Maren A., Klich. Environmental and developmental factors influencing aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, Mycoscience., 48, 71-80 (2007) @No $ @ @  Jeffrey D. Palumbo and Teresal L. O’Keeffe, Microbial interactions with mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, Toxin Reviews., 27, 261-285 (2008) @No $ @ @ , 20-23 (2012) @No $ @ @   Subramanian T., Colorimetric determination of patulin produced by Penicillium patulum, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 61, 581-583 (1982) @No $ @ @   Subramanian T., Kuppuswamy M.N. and Shanmuga Sundaram, E.R.B. Colorimetric determination of terreic acid produced by Aspergillus terreus, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 61, 581-583 (1978) @No $ @ @  Rathinavelu A. and Shanmuga Sundaram, E.R.B. Simple colorimetric estimation of cyclopiazonic acid in contaminated food and feeds, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 67, 38-40 (1984) @No $ @ @   Hou C.T., Ciegler A. and Hesseltine C.W., Tremorgenic toxins from penicillia colorimetric determination of tremortims A and B, Anal Bio Chem., 37, 422-428 (1970) @No $ @ @   Surekha M. and Reddy S.M., Effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on the production of penitrem B by Penicillium aurantiogriseum, Foila Microbiol., 37(1), 47-49 (1992) @No $ @ @   Sakai Y., Yoshida N., Yurimoto H., Takabe K. and Kato N., Sub cellular localization of fructosyl amino acid oxidases in peroxisomes of Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium janthinellum. J. Biosci. Bioeng., 87, 108-111 (1999) @No $ @ @   Yoshida N., Sakai Y.,  Serata M., Tani Y. and  Kato N.,   Distribution and properties of fructosyl amino acid oxidase in fungi, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 4487-4489 (1995) @No $ @ @   Joanne M., Kingsbury Alan L. and Goldstein John H., Mc Cusker. Role of Nitrogen and Carbon Transport, Regulation and Metabolism Genes for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Survival In Vivo, Eukaryot Cell., 5(5), 816–824 (2006) @No  
<#LINE#>Effects of heavy metal stress on callus induction and regeneration of Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) (L.) Gaertn<#LINE#>Suman@Krishania,Kalpana@Agarwal<#LINE#>24-28<#LINE#>6.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-54.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Life Sciences,The IIS University, SFS Mansarovar, Jaipur -20 (Raj) INDIA  <#LINE#>20/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/<#LINE#> Today Abiotic stress is a major global problem limiting crop productivity and  Stress factors are a serious problem limiting the yield potential of modern cultivars faced by mankind now a days. Stress causes nutritional imbalances in the plant causing reduction in water uptake and toxicity, decreasing the production and Seeds of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn variety PR202 were taken as explants here and inoculated on callus induction medium with varied (Cd(NO3)2 levels (100�M, 300 �M and 500 �M) Calli were formed in treatments with 100 �M concentration of Cd. Induced Callus were sub cultured on maintenance media and then on regeneration medium (MS + 1mg/l NAA) supplemented with toxic level of heavy metals. Cd above 100 �M concentration was inhibitory for callus induction as well as for plantlet regeneration.  <#LINE#> @ @  Panda P.R., Incorporating millets in high intensity cropping., Yojana (1999) @No $ @ @  Babu S., Sheeba A., Yogameenakshi J. and Rangaswamy P., Effect of salt stress in the selection of salt tolerant hybrids in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under in vivo and in vitro conditions. Asn J Plt Sci., 6, 137-142 (2007) @No $ @ @  Nabors M.W. and Dykes T.A., Tissue culture of cereal cultivars with increased salt, drought and acid tolerance. Biotech in international agri res, IRRI Phillipines, 121-138 (1985) @No $ @ @  Pradhan Adikant, Nag S.K. and Pati, Dietary management of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaerth) controls diabetes,Current Science. 98, 6-25 (2010) @No $ @ @  Pathak, A tool for arresting land degradation- Indian Farming.  Agro forestry.49, 15-19(2000) @No $ @ @  Nedelkoska T.V. and Doran. P.M., Characteristics of heavy metal uptake by plant species with potential for phytoremediation and phytomining, Journal on Minerals Engineering, 13, 549-561 (2000) @No $ @ @  Zeller S. and Feller U., Long-distance transport of cobalt and nickel in maturing wheat, European Journal of Agronomy.10, 91–98 (1999) @No $ @ @  Page.A.L., and Bingham, F. T.Cadmium residues in the environment. Residue Reviews. 48, 1-44 (1973) @No $ @ @  Bazzaz F.A., Rolfe G.L. and Carlson R.W. Effect of Cd on photosynthesis and transpiration of excised leaves of corn and sunflower. Physiologia Plantarum. 32, 373-376 (1974) @No $ @ @  Lee K.C., Cunningham B.A., Paulsen B.M., Liang B.H. and Moore R.B., Effects of cadmium on respiration’ rate and activities of several enzymes in soybean seedlings. Physiologia Plantarum. 36, 4-6 (1976) @No $ @ @  Lamoreaux R.J and Chaney W.R. The effect of cadmium on net photosynthesis transpiration, and dark respiration of excised silver maple leaves, Physiologia Plantarum, 43, 231-236 (1978) @No $ @ @  Van assche F., Cardinales C. and Clijsters J., Induction of enzyme capacity in plants as a result of heavy Dose-response relations in Phaseolus vulgaris L., treated with zinc and cadmium. Environmental Pollution, 52, 103-115 (1988) @No $ @ @  Aravind P., Narasimha M. and Prasad V., Zinc alleviate cadmium-induced oxidative stress in Ceratophyllum demersum L.: A free floating freshwater macrophyte, Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 41, 391-397 (2003)  , 24-28 (2013) @No $ @ @ Chakravarty B. and Srivastava S., Effect of cadmium and zinc interaction on metal uptake and regeneration of  tolerant plants in linseed, Journal of Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 61, 45-50 (1999) @No $ @ @   Agrawal V. and Sharma K. Phytotoxic effects of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb on in vitro regeneration and concomitant protein changes in Holarrhena antidysenterica, Journal of Biologia Plantarum, 50, 307-310 (2006) @No $ @ @   Jeliazkova E.A. and Craker L.E. Seed Germination of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in a Heavy Metal Environment, Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 10,  105 (2002) @No $ @ @   Brzyska M., Grzywnowicz K., Obarzewski J. and Greppin H. Influence of reduced glutathione (GSH) and metal ions on soluble and immobilized cabbage peroxidase, Journal of Molecular Catalysis, 78,113-120. (2001) @No $ @ @   Krishania.S and Agarwal K,. Effects of heavy metals on productivity of cereals Lambert Academy Publication House, 1-76 (2010) @No $ @ @   Krishania S. and Agarwal K., Effect of Cu and Zn concentrations with nutrient doses on callus induction and regeneration of finger millet (Eleusine coracana), World Journal of Science and Technology, 2(7), 118-123 (2012) @No $ @ @   Krishania.S and Agarwal. K., Effects of heavy metals on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn Research in Plant Biology, 2(4), 43-54 (2012) @No $ @ @   Eman A.A., Initiation of Pharmaceutical Factories depending on more Application of Biotechnology on some Medicinal Plants, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1, 398-404 (2012) @No $ @ @  Chikwe T.N., Osuji L.C., Ogali R.E. and Okoye I.P., The effects of IBA and 2ip on callogenesis and shoot formatting of Cymbidium orchid var “Red Tiffani” 2(1), 1-8 (2013) @No $ @ @   Chauhan R.R., Chaudhary R., Singh A. and Singh P.K., Salt Tolerance of Sorghum bicolor Cultivars during Germination and Seedling Growth, 1(3), 1-10 (2012) @No $ @ @   Mostafa M. Rady and Maybelle S. Gaballah, Improving Barley Yield Grown Under Water Stress Conditions, 1(6), 1-6 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Beneficiary Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza to Trigonella Foenum-Graceum in Contaminated Soil by Heavy Metal<#LINE#>TusharS.@Kelkar,SatishA.@Bhalerao<#LINE#>29-32<#LINE#>7.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-73.pdf<#LINE#> Environmental Sciences Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Wilson College, Mumbai, INDIA  <#LINE#>9/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Because of industrialization and urbanization, there is no much land is available for urban farming in and around Mumbai. Wherever the small lands are available as open space, unused lands, barren lands etc are contaminated by heavy metals which come through industrial waste disposal. Such lands can be mycoremediated by use of mycorrhizal fungi to a certain extent and can be utilized for urban farming of leafy vegetables. Present investigation was carried out in the form of pot experiment to check the response of Glomus mosseae to Trigonell foenum-graceum which was grown in soil contaminated with heavy metal Arsenic. During these experiments, soils with different concentrations of arsenic with and without mycorrhizal inoculums were tested in Trigonella foenum – graceum. The response of mycorrhiza in T. foenum-graceum was determined in terms of percentage germination of seeds, sustainability of seedlings, fresh weight and dry weight of plants etc. It was observed that in the pot with soil contaminated with arsenic and no mycorrhizal inoculum, performance was very bad in terms of all aspects of growth, whereas in the pot where mycorrhizal inoculum was added along with contaminated soil, the performance of the plant was better. The pot showing no contaminated soil with arsenic but the inoculum of mycorrhiza was showing best results in terms of percentage germination of seeds, sustainability of seedlings, fresh weight and dry weight of plants.  <#LINE#> @ @  Ghosh M. and Singh S.P., A review on phytoremediation of heavy metals and utilization of its by-products Applied Ecological Environmental Research, 3(1), 1–8 (2005) @No $ @ @  Smith S.E. and D.J. Read, Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Academic press, San Diego, USA (1997) @No $ @ @  Gaur A. and Adholeya A. Prospect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils, Current Science, 86, 528 (2004) @No $ @ @  Fayuan Wang, Xiangui Lin and Rui Yin Heavy metal uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizas of Elsholtzia splendens and the potential for phytoremediation of contaminated soil, Plant and Soil Sciences, 269, 225-232 (2005) @No $ @ @  Ultra V. U. Jr., E. S. Tanaka, E. K. Sakurai and E. K. Iwasaki  Effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus application on arsenic toxicity in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and on the transformation of arsenic in the rhizosphere, Plant soil, 290, 29–41 (2007) @No $ @ @  Weissenhorn I., Leyval C., Belgy G. and Berthelin J., Arbuscular mycorrhizal contribution to heavy metal uptake by maize (Zea mays L.) in pot culture with contaminated soil. Mycorrhiza 5, 245–251(1995) @No $ @ @  Gerdeman J.W. and T.H., Nicolson Spores of mycorrhizal Endogene sp. extracted from soil by Wet-sieving and decanting, Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 46(2), 235-244 (1963) @No $ @ @  Koske R.E., A modified procedure for staining roots to detect VAM fungi, Mycol. Res, 92(4), 486-488l (1989) @No $ @ @  Carol Grace and D.P. Stribley A safer procedure for routine staining of vesicular – arbuscular mycorhizal fungi, Mycol. Research, 95 (10), 1160-1162 (1991) @No $ @ @  Nicolson  Nicolson’s formula Mycorrhiza News, 12(2), July 2000 (1955) @No 
<#LINE#>Role of Proteus mirabilis in Caffeine Degradation–A Preliminary Bioinformatics Study<#LINE#>Thangaraj@Naina,Siddharth@Sharan,Suneetha@Vuppu<#LINE#>33-40<#LINE#>8.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-74.pdf<#LINE#> School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>19/11/2012<#LINE#>29/1/2012<#LINE#> An attempt to find the role of Proteus mirabilis in caffeine degradation using bioinformatics tools has been made here. Soils from coffee industries were taken and the bacterium was isolated and found to degrade caffeine. Identification of the bacterium through Sangers dideoxy sequencing of 16S rDNA was done and its genome taken from online database was used for homology modeling of the enzyme to identify regions of similarity and enzyme structure prediction. Also attempts to secondary structure prediction and protein threading has been done to study the enzyme and compare the enzymes of Proteus mirabilis with that of other reported caffeine degrading organisms.  <#LINE#> @ @  Hiroshi A. and Alan C., Caffeine: a well known but little mentioned compound in plant science, Trends Plant Sci., 6 (9), 407- 413 (2001) @No $ @ @  Hiroshi A., Hiroshi S., and Alan C., Caffeine and related purine alkaloids: Biosynthesis, catabolism, function and genetic engineering, Phytochemistry, 69, 841-856 (2008) @No $ @ @  Sarath B.V.R., Patra S., Thankur M.S., Karanth N.G. and Varadaraj M.C., Degradation of caffeine by Pseudomonas alcaligenes CFR 1708, Enzyme Microb Tech, 37, 617-624 (2005) @No $ @ @  Gokulakrishnan S., Chandraraj K. and Gummadi S.N., Microbial and enzymatic methods for the removal of caffeine, Enzyme Microb Tech, 37, 225-232 (2005) @No $ @ @  Siddharth S., Renuka J.E., Abhiroop A., Rounaq N.S., Vrinda G., Bishwambhar M. and  Suneetha V., A Preliminary Study and First Report on Caffeine Degrading Bacteria Isolated from the Soils of Chittoor and Vellore, Int Res J Pharm, 3(3), 305-309 (2012) @No $ @ @  Walter P., Mario R.M., Roberto G.B. and Ricardo B., Solid-State Fermentation: an Alternative to Improve the Nutritive Value of Coffee Pulp, Appl Environ Microb, 49, 388-393 (1985) @No $ @ @  Swati Sucharita Dash and Sathyanarayana N. Gummadi. Enhanced biodegradation of caffeine by Pseudomonas sp. using response surface methodology, Biochem Eng J, 36, 288-293 (2007) @No $ @ @  Hakil M., Denis S., Viniegra-Gonza�lez and Augur C., Degradation and product analysis of caffeine and related dimethylxanthines by filamentous fungi, Enzyme Microb Techn, 22, 355-359 (1998) @No $ @ @  Abebe B., Kassahun T., Mesfin R. and Araya A., Measurement of caffeine in coffee beans with UV/vis spectrometer, Food Chemistry, 108, 310-315 (2008) @No $ @ @  Stoica Costin, Sorescu Ionut, ABIS online - Bacterial identification software, http:// www.tgw1916.net/bacteria _logare.html (2007-2012)  @No $ @ @  Yu C.L., Kale Y., Gopishetty S., Louie T.N. and Subramanian M., A Novel Caffeine Dehydrogenase in Pseudomonas sp. Strain CBB1 Oxidizes Caffeine to Trimethyluric Acid, J. Bacteriol, 190, 772–776 (2008) @No $ @ @   Sussman J.L., Lin. D., Jiang. J., Manning. N.O., Prilusky. J., Ritter O. and Abola. E.E., Protein Data Bank (PDB): Database of Three-Dimensional Structural Information of Biological Macromolecules Acta Cryst, 54, 1078-1084 (1998) @No $ @ @   Rodriguez. R., Chinea. G., Lopez. N., Pons. T. and Vriend. G., Homology modeling, model and software evaluation: three related resources, Oxford Univ Press, 14, 523-528 (1998) @No $ @ @   Dale. J.W. and Smith. J.T., The Purification and Properties of the p-Lactamase Specified by the Resistance Factor R- 1818 in Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, Biochem. J, 123, 493-500 (1971) @No $ @ @   Julie D. Thompson., Toby J. Gibson., Fr�d�ric Plewniak., Fran�ois Jeanmougin., Desmond G. Higgins., The CLUSTAL_X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by qualityanalysis tools Nucleic Acids Res, 25, 4876–4882 (1997) @No $ @ @   Fischer D. and Eisenberg D., Protein fold recognition using sequence-derived predictions, Protein Sci, 5, 947-955 (1996) @No $ @ @   Narayanan E., Ben W., Marc A., Madhusudhan M.S., David E., Shen M., Pieper U., Andrej S., Comparative Protein Structure Modeling UNIT 5.6: Using Modeller, Current Protocols in Bioinformatics 5.6.1-5.6.30 (2006) @No $ @ @   Vriend G., WHAT IF: a molecular modeling and drug design program, J Mol Graphics, 8, 52-6, 29 (1990) @No $ @ @   James U. Bowie., Roland L., David E., A Method to Identify Protein Sequences that Fold into a Known Three Dimensional Structure Science, 253, 164-170 (1991) @No $ @ @   Hooft. R.W.W., Sander. C., Scharf. M., Vriend. G., The PDBFINDER database: a summary of PDB, DSSP and HSSP information with added value, Oxford Univ Press ,12, 525-529 (1996) @No $ @ @   Jones D.T., Protein secondary structure prediction based on position-specific scoring matrices, J. Mol Biol., 292, 195-202 (1999) @No $ @ @  Simossis. V.A. and Heringa. J., PRALINE: a multiple sequence alignment toolbox that integrates homology-extended and secondary structure information, Nucleic Acids Res, W289–W294 (2005) @No $ @ @  Eisenberg D., Weiss R.M. and Terwilliger. T.C., The hydrophobic moment detects periodicity in protein hydrophobicity, J PNAS, 81, 140-144 (1984) @No  
<#LINE#>In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic root Extracts of Hyptis suaveolens<#LINE#>Ahmad@Javed,Iffat@Khan,Ahmad@Ashfaq,Imam@kaushar<#LINE#>41-46<#LINE#>9.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-85.pdf<#LINE#>Department of biochemical Engineering and Food Technology, Harcourt butler technological Institute, Kanpur, INDIA @ Department of Bioscience, Integral University Lucknow, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/11/2012<#LINE#>27/12/2012<#LINE#> The plant Hyptis is a potent medicinal herb and a well known medicinal plant in herbal world. Crude methanolic extract of Hyptis suaveolens were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms; S.epidermidis; K.pneumoniae B.subtilis;E.aerogens; B.cereus.In-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and agar well diffusion method respectively. In addition,exract of Hyptis suaveolens prepared by soxlet apparatus and were partially purified by preparatory thin layer chromatography (TLC). Results indicated a potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic root extract of Hyptis suaveolens.  <#LINE#> @ @  Asprey G.F., Medlcinal Plants of Jamaica, West Indian Medical Journal, 2(4) @No $ @ @ Nayak Praveen S., Nayak Shweta, Shety Ranjan and Das P., Hyptis suaveolens Poit: A Review on Its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile, research journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry review, 2(1), (2010) @No $ @ @   Sies. H., Oxidative stress: Oxidants andantioxidants, Exp-Physiol, 82(2), 291-295 (1997) @No $ @ @   Vertuani S., Angust A. and Manfredini S., The antioxidants and proantioxidants network: an overview, CurrPharm Des, 10(4), 1677-1694 (2004) @No $ @ @   Bauer, The Complete Idiot`s Guide to Total Nutrition, Alpha Books, 76-78 (2002) @No $ @ @   Mandal S.M., Mondal K.C., Dey S. and Patil B.R., Antimicrobial activity of the leaf extracts of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) poit, Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 69(4), 568-569 (2007) @No $ @ @   Vermab Amita, Mukerjeea Alok, Vijayakumarc M. and Mishraa Shanti Bhushan, Anti-hyperglycemic activity of leaves extract of Hyptis suaveolens L. Poit in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 4(9), 689–693(2011) @No $ @ @   Sharma N., Verma U.K. and Tripathi Abhishek, Bioactivity Of Essential Oil From Hyptis Suaveolens Against Storage Mycoflora, Proc. Int. Conf. Israel, 99-116 (2007) @No $ @ @ , 41-46 (2013) @No $ @ @  Barbara Conti, Giovanni Benelli, Guido Flamini, Pier Luigi Cioni, Raffaele Profeti, Lucia Ceccarini, Mario  Macchia, Angelo Canale, Larvicidal and repellent activity of Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) essential oil against the mosquito Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae), Parasitol Res., 110, 2013–2021,DOI 10.1007/s00436-011-2730-8 (2012) @No $ @ @  Renisheya Joy Jeba Malar T., Sushna S.L., Johnson M., Janakiraman N. and Renola Joy Jeba Ethal T., Bio-Efficacy Of The Leaves Extracts Of Hyptis Suaveolens(L.) Poit Against The Fish Pathogens, Life Science Microbiology, 2(1), (2012) @No $ @ @  Shenoy Chitra, Patil M.B. and Kumar Ravi, Wound Healing Activity of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit (Lamiaceae), International Journal of Pharm Tech Research, 1(3), 737-744 (2009) @No $ @ @  Bielakovic G., Nikolova D., Gluud L.L. and Simonetti. R.G., Gluud C., Mortality in randomised trials of antioxidant supplements for primary and secondary prevention: systematic review and meta analysis, JAMA , 297(8), 842-857 (2007) @No $ @ @  Fabricant D.S. and Farnsworth N.R., The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery, Environ. Health Perspect., 109(1), 69–75 (2001) @No $ @ @  Okigbo R.N., Okeke J.J. and Madu N.C., Larvicidal effects of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum gratissimum and Hyptis suaveolens against mosquito larvae, Journal of Agricultural Technology, 6(4), 703-719 (2010) @No $ @ @  Parsons W. and Cuthbertson E., Weeds of Natural Ecosystems: a field guide to environmental weeds of the Northern Territory., 490–492 (1992) @No 
<#LINE#>Development of Sensitive Voltammetric Method for Determination of Thorium in Waste Waters<#LINE#>S.@Dubey,V.@Kherwa<#LINE#>47-50<#LINE#>10.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-10.pdf<#LINE#>MVJ College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA. @ Department of Chemistry, C.D.L.University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, INDIA.  <#LINE#>06/6/2012<#LINE#>18/1/2012<#LINE#>  An indirect voltammetric determination method of thorium based on the displacement reaction between Th (IV) and Zn (II) - EDTA complex in ammonium acetate buffer medium is described. The limit of quantification of 0.005 ppm was observed using differential pulse polarography. The possibly associated metal ions did not interfered in measurements. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of thorium in waste water samples.  <#LINE#> @ @  Emsley J., The Elements, Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1988) @No $ @ @  Hirano Y., Ogawa Y. and Oguma K., Anal. Sci., 19, 303 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ahmed M. Jamaluddin and Haque M. Reazul, Res.J.chem.sci., 1(1), 46-59 (2011) , 47-50 (2013) @No $ @ @   Rohilla Rajni and Gupta Usha, Res. J. Chem. Sci. , 2(11), 8-13 (2012) @No $ @ @   Esat T.M., Int. J. Mass Spect. Ion Processes, 148, 159 (1995) @No $ @ @   Kumar Sukender, Singh Jaspreet, Das Sneha and Garg Munish, Res.J.chem.sci., 2(3), 46-51 (2012) @No $ @ @   Mohammed S.S., Batu M.A. and Mohammed M.B., Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(12), 65-68 (2012) @No $ @ @   Okereke N.A. and Ekpunobi A.J., Res. J. chem. sci., 1(6), 64-70 (2011) @No $ @ @    Kulkurni M.J., Argekar A.A., Mathur J.N. and Page A.G., Anal. Chim. Acta, 370, 163 (1998) @No $ @ @  Benedik L. and Byrne A.R., J. Radioanal. Nucl. chem, 189, 325 (1995) @No $ @ @   Labrecque J.J., Adames D. and  Parker W.C., Appl. Spect., 35, 502 (1991) @No $ @ @   Wang J., Analytical Electrochemistry, VCH Publishers, New York (1994) @No $ @ @   Bard A.J., Parsons R. and Jordan J. (Eds.), Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions, Marcel Dekker, New York (1985) @No $ @ @   Gritzner G., Gautmann V. and Michlmayr M., Z. Anal. Chem., 224, 245 (1967) @No $ @ @   Mosrafa M.M., Elewady Y.A and Girges M.A., J. Less Comm. Metals, 70, 59 (1980) @No $ @ @  Duyckaerts D. and Degueldre C., J. Electroanal. Chem., 119, 347 (1981) @No $ @ @   Cassayre L., Serp J.  and Soucek P., Electrochim Acta, 52, 7432 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sindhu R.S., Pandeya K.B. and Singh R.P., Fresenius J. Anal. Chem., 290, 318 (1978) @No $ @ @  Plock C.E. and Vasquez J., Anal. Chim. Acta, 57, 113 (1971) @No $ @ @   Das S.K., Kulkarni A.V. and Dhaneshwar R.G., Analyst, 118, 1153 (1993) @No $ @ @   J.N. Li, F.Y. Yi, Z.M. Jiang and J.J. Fei, Microchim. Acta, 143, 1436 (2004) @No $ @ @  S. Liu, J. Li, X. Mao and P. Gao, Anal. Lett., 36, 381 (2003) @No $ @ @  Sharma P. and Agarwal A., Anal. Lett., 39, 1421 (2006) @No $ @ @  Sharma P.and Kherwa V., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 89, 1 (2012) @No $ @ @   Sharma P. and Dubey S., Indian J. Chem. Tech., 17, 396 (2010) @No $ @ @  Sharma P. and Agarwal A., Bull. Electrochem., 20, 145 (2004) @No $ @ @  Sharma P. and Agarwal A., Bull. Electrochem., 21, 129 (2005) @No $ @ @  H.W. Nurnberg, Approved Voltammetric Methods for the Determination of Some Toxic Trace Metals, Nuclear Research Centre Publication, K.F.A. Juelich (1977) @No $ @ @   Willard H., Merrit L. and Dean J., Instrumental Methods of Analysis, 5th edn. ED Van Nostrand, New York, (1974) @No $ @ @   Sharma P. and Vyas S., J. Electrochem. Soc. India, 48, 311 (1999) @No $ @ @  @No $
<#LINE#>A Simple Method for Voltammetric Determination of Trace Amounts of Selenium in Diverse Matrices<#LINE#>V.@Kherwa,S.@Dubey<#LINE#>51-54<#LINE#>11.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-21.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Chemistry, C.D.L. University, Sirsa 125055, Haryana, INDIA @ Department of Chemistry, MVJ College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>18/12/2012<#LINE#>  A simple and convenient method is described for the determination of low concentration selenium in samples of industrial waste and vitamin tablet. The method is based on the differential pulse polarographic reduction of Se (IV) in presence of alanine in ammonium chloride medium. Linearity of the calibration curve was achieved upto 44ppm with a limit of determination of 5 μg/L. Major metal ions copper, lead and zinc did not interfere.  <#LINE#> @ @  Emsley J., The Elements (Oxford University Press, Oxford) (1988) @No $ @ @  Bailey R.A., Clarke H.M., Ferris J.P., Krause S and Strong R.L., Chemistry of  The Environment (Academic Press, New York) (1978) @No $ @ @  Kissinger P.T. and Heineman W.R., Laboratory Techniques in Electeroanalytical Chemistry (Marcel Dekker Inc., New York) (1984) @No $ @ @  Copeland T.R., Osteryoung R.A. and Skogerboe R.K., Anal. Chem., 46, 2093 (1994) @No $ @ @  Sharma P., Anal. Sci., 11, 261 (1995) @No $ @ @  Gehlot K. and Sharma P., Bull. Electrochem., 17, 367 (2001) @No $ @ @  Sharma P. and Agarwal A., Anal.Lett., 39, 1421 (2006) @No $ @ @  Sharma P. and Dubey S., Indian J. Chem. Tech., 17, 396 (2010) @No $ @ @  Nurunberg H.W., Approved Voltammetric Methods for the Determination of Some Toxic Trace Metals, (Nuclear Research Centre Publications, KFA., Juelich) (1977) @No $ @ @  Greenberg A.E., Connors J.J. and Jenkins D. (Eds.), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water, 15th edn. (American Public Health Association, New York) (1981) @No $ @ @  Trivedi N.P., Analytical Aspects of Voltammetry in Pharmaceutical Trace Analysis (Ph.D Thesis, JNV University, Jodhpur) (1999) @No $ @ @  Application Notes-156 (EG and G, PARC, New Jersey) (1979) @No $ @ @  Bard A.J., Parsons R. and Jordan J., Standard Potential in Aqueous Solutions, (Marcel Dekker, New York) (1985) @No $ @ @  Griffin D.A., Anal. Chem., 41, 462 (1969) @No $ @ @  Kapoor R.C. and  Agarwal B.S., Principles of Polarography (Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi), (1991) @No $ @ @  Sharma P., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 79, 707 (2002) @No $ @ @  Willard H., Merit L. and  Dean J., ‘Instrumental Methods of Analysis’, 2nd edn.(D.Van Nostrand, New York), (1974) @No $ @ @  Sharma P., Vyas S. and  Sanganeria S., Indian J.Chem., 37A, 371(1998) @No $ @ @  Nagaosa Y. and Ono. M., Bunseki Kagaku, 36, 735 (1988) @No $ @ @  Ahmed M. Jamaluddin and Haque M. Reazul, Res. J. chem. sci., 1(1), 46-59 (2011) @No $ @ @  Rohilla Rajni and Gupta Usha, Res. J. Chem. Sci. , 2(11), 8-13 (2012) @No $ @ @  Kumar Sukender, Singh Jaspreet, Das Sneha and Garg Munish, Res. J. chem. sci., 2(3), 46-51 (2012) @No $ @ @  Mohammed S.S., Batu M.A. and Mohammed M.B., Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(12), 65-68 (2012) @No $ @ @  Okereke N.A. and Ekpunobi A.J., Res. J. chem. sci., 1(6), 64-70 (2011) @No $ @ @  Aydin H. and Somer G., Anal. Sci., 5, 89 (1989) @No  
<#LINE#>The Metal Complexes of 5-[(benzyloxy) methyl] quinolin-8-ol (BeMQ) and 8-quinolinols mixed Ligand: A New Transition metal Complexes with In-vitro Antifungal Activity<#LINE#>B.@PatelKetan,YogeshM.@Patel,RakshaB.@Patel<#LINE#>55-60<#LINE#>12.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-22.pdf<#LINE#> Government Science College, Department of Chemistry, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> 5-Chloromethyl-8-quinolinol was condensed stoichiometrically with various alcohols specially benzyl alcohol in presence of sodium carbonate. The resulting 5-[(benzyloxy) methyl] quinolin-8-ol (BeMQ) was characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies. The transition metal chelates viz. Cu2+, Ni2+ , Co+2 , Mn2+ and Zn2+ of BeMQ and 8-quinolinols were prepared and characterized by mixed ligand complexes(L:M:L) ratio, elemental analysis, IR, reflectance spectral studies, magnetic properties and conductivities measurements. The antifungal activity of BeMQ and its metal chelates was investigated against various fungi. The metal complexes exhibit good activity against fungal strains compared with parental compounds.  <#LINE#> @ @  Steinhardt J. and Beychok S. The Proteins, 2nd ed. New York, Academic Press, 261-276 (1964) @No $ @ @  Mildvan A.S., The Enzyme: 3rd ed., Boy PD: New York, Academic-Press, 11, 445 (1970) @No $ @ @  Hughes M.N., Coordination compounds in biology, in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, G. Wilkinson, Gillard R.D. and McCleverty J.A., Eds., Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 6, 541 (1987) @No $ @ @  Thakkar J.R. and Thakkar N.V., Synthesis and characterization of chiral mixed ligandCo(II)complexes of isonitrosopropiophenone and amino acids, Synth. React. Inorg. Met.-Org. Chem., 30(10), 1871–1887, (2000) @No $ @ @  Shivankar V.S. and Thakkar N.V., Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of some mixed ligand Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes, Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 60(1), 45–50 (2003) @No $ @ @  Howard-Lock H. E. and Lock C. J. L., Uses in therapy, in Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry, G. Wilkinson, R.D. Gillard, and J. A. McCleverty, Eds., Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 6, 755 (1987) @No $ @ @  Barkhater J.H. and Teib R.I., J.Org.Chem., 26, 4078 (1968) @No $ @ @  Patel R.D., Patel S.R. and Patel H.S., Eur. Polym. J., 23(3), 229 (1987) @No $ @ @  Shah T.B., Patel H.S., Dixit R.B. and Dixit B.C., Int. J. of Polym.Anal.And Charact, 8, 369, (2003) @No $ @ @  Abraham W., Abraham D., Guy R. and Abraham P., Reactive polymers, ion Exchangers, Sorbents, 2(4), 301 (1984) @No $ @ @  Castillo-Blum, S.E., Barba-Behrens, N. Coordination Chemistry of Some Biologically Active Ligands. Coord. Chem. Rev., 196, 3-30 (2000) @No $ @ @  Dioxon M., Webb EC (1964)   Enzyme, Green and Co. London. Fiffis BN, Lewis J, Willikins RG. Modern inorganic chemistry, New York, Interscience Inc. (1960) @No $ @ @ , 55-60 (2013) @No $ @ @  Sender E.G., Wright L.D., McCormick D.B.J. Evidence for function of a metal ion in the activity of dihydroorotase  from Zymobacterium oroticum., Biol. Chem. 240, 3628-3630 (1965) @No $ @ @   Mahler H.R., Cordes E.H., Biological Chemistry, New York, Harper and Rowe (1966) @No $ @ @   Williams DR., Metals, ligands and cancer, Chem. Rev., 72, 203-213 (1972) @No $ @ @   Patel K.B., Kharadi G.J., Vyas K.B. and Nimavat K.S., Synthesis, biological aspects and spectroscopic studies of 8-hydroxyquinoline based mixed ligand complexes, Ajbpr, 1(3), 239-247 (2011) @No $ @ @   Patel K.B. and Nimavat K.S., Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes of 5-(propoxymethyl-8-quinolinol) (PMQ). 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<#LINE#>Equilibrium Structure and Properties of Model Colloidal Suspensions<#LINE#>P.@Udaykumar,T.@Khanna,R.N.@Behera<#LINE#>61-66<#LINE#>13.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-82.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani – K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinagar, Goa, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> We report the numerical results on the structure and properties of model colloidal suspensions using the hypernetted-chain (HNC) integral equation due to Allnatt, which has been successfully, applied to asymmetrical electrolyte solutions. We use the primitive model and view our system as highly asymmetrical electrolyte; the colloidal spheres are much larger and more highly charged than the simple ions. The variation of static correlation functions, structure factors and properties, (e.g. excess energies, osmotic coefficients etc.), is reported as a function of size, charge and concentration of colloidal particle. The peak position and the peak height of correlation functions show systematic trends as the asymmetry (in size, charge) increases. The effective one-component potential of the colloid (Veff), calculated by mapping the multicomponent system to an effective one-component colloidal system, is purely repulsive in line with the DLVO potential (with substantial deviations) in most of the cases. However, in some cases (with high asymmetry in charge and size, and at high colloidal concentration), Veff becomes negative.   <#LINE#> @ @  Russel W.B., Condensed-matter physics: Tunable Colloidal Crystals, Nature 421, 490-491 (2003) @No $ @ @  Lowen H., Colloidal soft matter under external control, J. Phys.:Condens. Matter 13, R415-R432 (2001) @No $ @ @  Brown J.C., Pusey P.N, Goodwin J.W., and Ottewill R.H., Light scattering study of dynamic and time-averaged correlations in dispersions of charged particles J. 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<#LINE#>Study of Parametric Effects and Kinetic Modeling of Trans-sterification Reaction for Biodiesel Synthesis<#LINE#>S.Z.@Hassan,S.A.@Chopade,M.@Vinjamur<#LINE#>67-75<#LINE#>14.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-85.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, INDIA<#LINE#>21/11/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>A kinetic study of KOH-catalyzed trans-esterification of sunflower oil with methanol is carried out. Overall trans-esterification reaction consists of three consecutive second-order reversible reaction steps. Effects of methanol-to-oil molar ratio (MR), reaction temperature and catalyst loading on fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG) and monoglycerides (MG) are evaluated by using statistical approach of Taguchi method with L9 orthogonal array and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Orders of parametric effects on FAME, TG, DG and MG based on the relative contribution of the three parameters are presented. Catalyst loading is found to be a significant control parameter for FAME, TG and DG wherein insignificant parameter for MG. The temperature is insignificant for TG and DG reduction wherein it has an important influence on the minimization of MG. The combination of parameters which yielded ~95% of FAME with reasonable purity is 0.5 wt% catalyst loading, 50�C temperature and 7 MR. <#LINE#> @ @ Xie W., Peng H. and Chen L., Optimization of mesoporous K/SBA-15 catalyzed transesterication of palm oil using response surface methodology, Appl. Catal, A, 300, 67�74 (2006) @No $ @ @ Ma F. and Hanna M.A., Biodiesel production: A review, Bioresour. Technol., 70 (1), 1�16 (1999) @No $ @ @ Yusup S. and Khan M.A., Base catalyzed transesterification of acid treated vegetable oil blend for biodiesel production, Biomass Bioener.34, 1500�1504 (2010)  Ramezani K., Rowshanzamir S. and Eikani M.H., Castor oil transesterification reaction: A kinetic study and optimization of parameters, Energy, 35, 4142�4148 (2010) @No $ @ @  Antolin G., Tinaut F.V., Briceno Y., Castano V., Perez C. and Ramirez A.I., Optimisation of biodiesel production by sunflower oil transesterification, Bioresour, Technol., 83, 111�114 (2002) @No $ @ @  Wu X. and Leung D.Y.C., Optimization of biodiesel production from camelina oil using orthogonal experiment, Applied Energy, 88, 3615�3624 (2011) @No $ @ @  Phadke M.S., Quality Engineering Using Robust Design, st Low Price edition, Pearson Education (2008) @No $ @ @  Bagachi T.P., Taguchi Methods Explained: Practical Steps to Robust Design, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi (1993) @No $ @ @  Mahamuni N.N. and Adewuyi Y.G., Application of Taguchi method to investigate the effects of process parameters on the transesterification of soybean oil using high frequency ultrasound, Energy Fuels, 24,  2120�2126 (2010) @No $ @ @ Vicente G., Martinez M., Aracil J. and Esteban A., Kinetics of Sunflower Oil Methanolysis. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 44, 5447�5454 (2005) @No $ @ @  Noureddini H. and Zhu D., Kinetics of Transesterification of soyabean oil, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74, 1457 � 1463 (1997) @No $ @ @ Karmee S.K., Chandna D., Ravi R. and Chadha A., Kinetics of base-catalyzed transesterication of triglycerides from pongamia oil, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 83 (10), 873-877 (2006) @No $ @ @ Cao P., Tremblay A.Y. and Dube M.A., Kinetics of canola oil transesterication in a membrane reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 48, 2533�2541 (2009) @No $ @ @ Freedman B., Buttereld R.O. and Pryde E.H., Transesterication kinetics of soybean oil, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 63, 1375�1380 (1986) @No $ @ @ Freedman B., Pryde E.H. and Mounts T.L., Variables affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterified vegetable oils. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 61, 1638�1643(1984) @No $ @ @ . Georgogianni K.G., Kontominas M.G., Pomonis P.J., Avlonitis D. and Gergis V., Conventional and in situ transesterification of sunflower seed oil for the production of biodiesel, Fuel Processing Technol., 89, 503� 509 (2008) @No $ @ @ Colucci J.A., Borrero E.E. and Alape F., Biodiesel from an alkaline transesterification reaction of soybean oil using ultrasonic mixing, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 82, 525�30(2005)  @No 
<#LINE#>Study of Photogalvanic effect in Photogalvanic cell containing mixed Surfactant (NaLS+Tween-80), Methylene blue as a Photosensitizer and Xylose as Reductant<#LINE#>LalMohan,K.M.@Gangotri<#LINE#>76-81<#LINE#>15.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-94.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA  <#LINE#>1/1/2013<#LINE#>21/1/2013<#LINE#> Photogalvanic effect was studied in a photogalvanic cell containing methylene blue-xylose-NaLS+Tween-80 system. The photo potential and photocurrent were observed 645.0 mV and 210.0 A respectively. The conversion efficiency of the system was observed 0.5313 % and fill factor was determined as 0.3024. The cell performance was observed100.0 minutes in dark. The effects of different parameters on the electrical output of the cell were observed and current-voltage (i-V) characteristics of the cell were also studied.   <#LINE#> @ @  Rideal E.K. and Williams D.C., The action of light on the ferrous iodine iodide equilibrium, J. Che. Soc., 127, 258-269 (1925) @No $ @ @  Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic effect I: The photochemical properties of the thionine-iron system, J. Chem. Phys., 8(7), 551-559 (1940) @No $ @ @  Rabinowitch E., The photogalvanic  effect II: The photogalvanic properties of  the thionine-iron system, J. Chem. 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A: Chem., 123(1-3), 93-97 (1999) @No $ @ @  Gangotri K.M. and Meena R.C., Use of reductant and photosensitizer in photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage: oxalic acid – methyline blue system, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem., 141(2), 175-177 (2001) @No $ @ @  Genwa K.R. and Gangotri K.M., Comparative studies in anionic cationic and non ionic surfactant in photogalvanic cells for solar energy conversion and storage. Point of view:  Nitrilotriacidic–Azur B system, J. Indian Chem. Soc., 81(7), 592-594 (2004) @No $ @ @  Meena R.C., Singh G., Tyagi N. and Kumari M., Studies of surfactants in photogalvanic cells-NaLS –EDTA and Azur- B, J. Chem. Sci., 116(3), 179-184 (2004) @No $ @ @  Gangotri P. and Gangotri K.M., Studies of the Micellar Effect on Photogalvanics: Solar Energy Conversion and Storage–EDTA-Safranine O-TWEEN-80 System, Arb. J. Sci. Engg., 35(1A), 19-28 (2010)  , 76-81 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bhimwal M.K. and Gangotri K.M., A Comparative Study on the performance of photogalvanic cell with different photosensitizers for solar energy conversion and storage : D-Xylose-NaLS systems, Energy, 36, 1324-1331 (2011) @No $ @ @  Genwa K.R. and sagar C.P., Role of Carmine in Tween 60 – Ascorbic Acid System for Energy Conversion, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC–2011)   , 62-66 (2012) @No $ @ @   Genwa K.R. and Chouhan Anju, Optimum efficiency of photogalvanic cell for solar energy conversion and storage containing Brilliant Black PN-Ammonium lauryl Sulphate-EDTA system Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011) @No $ @ @ , 117-121 (2012) @No $ @ @  Chandra Mahesh and Meena R.C., Role of Photo sensitizer-Reductant for Generation of Electrical Energy in Photo galvanic Cell, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 1(1), 63 (2011) @No $ @ @   Saxena Manmeeta, Sharma G.D. Dhiraj, and Roy M.S., Improved performance of oxidized Alizarin based Quasi solid state Dye Sensitized solar cell by surface Treatment, Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(2), 61-71 (2012) @No $ @ @  Ozuomba J.O., Edebeatu C.C., Opara M.F., Udoye M.C. and Okonkwo N.A., Performance of a Solar Water Distillation Kit fabricated from Local materials, Res. J.Chem.Sci., 2(3), 64-67, (2012) @No $ @ @  Deshannavar U.B. Murgod A.A., Golangade M.S., Koli P.B., Banerjee Samyak and Naik N.M., Photo-Oxidation Process? Application for Removal of color from Textile Industry Effluent Res. J. Chem. Sci., 2(10), 75-79 (2012) @No $ @ @   Genwa K.R. and Sagar C.P., Photoelectrochemical Conversion of Solar Energy Tween 60- Bromocresol Purpule , Int. J. Energy Sci. 1(3) 169-175 (2011) @No $ @ @  Gunsaria R.K. and Meena Ram Narayan, Studies of Cationic Micelles on Photogalvanic Cells for Solar Energy Conversion and Storage, Int. J. B. and A. Chem. Sci., 2(1), 77-83 (2012) @No $ @ @  Nair Smita, A Study of Transition Metal Complex of Diuretic Drug and study of its Phyco-chemical properties as Potential Therapeutic Agent, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011)   , 341-344 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Influence of Reaction Intermediates on the Oscillation in the Concentration of insitu formed Hydrogen peroxide during the Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol Pollutant in Water on Semiconductor Oxides<#LINE#>Joseph@Sindhu,K.P.@Jyothi,Devipriya@SujaP.,Yesodharan@Suguna,E.P.@Yesodharan<#LINE#>82-89<#LINE#>16.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-20.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi 682022, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#>  Phenols are common pollutants in many petrochemical industry wastewaters. Due to the stability of the aromatic ring their destruction requires extreme conditions. Photocatalysis using semiconductor oxides as catalysts is found to be an effective Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) for the mineralisation of phenol.  The degradation proceeds through the formation of various intermediates which eventually get mineralized to yield CO2 and H2O. The intermediates identified are hydroquinone, catechol, and benzoquinone which are formed by the interaction of photogenerated OH radicals with phenol. These intermediates do not accumulate beyond a particular concentration even though the phenol degradation continues unabated. The insitu formed H2O2 concentration increases and decreases periodically in a wave like fashion indicating concurrent formation and decomposition. Externally added H2O2 enhances the degradation rate of phenol initially due to the generation of more reactive OH radicals by inhibiting the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes as well as by its own self decomposition. Externally added catechol and hydroquinone inhibit the degradation of phenol initially.  However their influence on the fate of H2O2 is not quite significant. The study also shows that the formation/decomposition of H2O2 is concentration dependent and after the initial build up, the formation or decomposition takes precedence depending on the concentration and composition of the reaction system. Possible reasons for the observed phenomenon are analysed and a mechanism is proposed.   <#LINE#> @ @  Herrmann J.M., Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: fundamentals and applications to the removal of various types of aqueous pollutants, Catal. Today, 53, 115-129 (1999) @No $ @ @  Okamoto K., Yamamoto Y., Tanaka H., Tanaka M. and Itaya A., Heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of phenol over TiO2 powder, Bull Chem Soc. Jpn, 58, 2015-2022 (1985) @No $ @ @  Devipriya S. and Yesodharan S., Photocatalytic degradation of pesticide pollutants in water, Solar Energy Mater and Solar Cells,  86, 309-348 (2005) @No $ @ @  Sakthivel S., Neppolean B., Shankar M.V., Arabindoo B., Palanichamy M. and  Murugesan V., Solar photocatalytic degradation of azo dye: Comparison of photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO and TiO2, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 77(1), 65-82 (2003) @No $ @ @  Uchida H., Itoh S. and Yoneyama H., Photocatalytic decomposition of propyzamide using TiO2supported on activated carbon, Chemistry  Letters, 22, 1995-1998 (1993) @No $ @ @  Turchi C.S. and Ollis D.F., Photocatalytic degradation of organic water contaminants: mechanisms involving hydroxyl radical attacks, J. Catal, 122, 178-192 (1990) @No $ @ @  Wu C.G., Chao C.C. and Kuo F.T., Enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 catalysts via transition metal modification, Catal. Today,  97(23), 103-112 (2004) @No $ @ @  Sakthivel S., Shankar M.V., Palanichamy M., Arabindoo A., Bahnemann D. M. and Murugesan B.V.,  Enhancement of photocatalytic activity by metal deposition: characterization and photonic efficiency of Pt, Au, and Pd deposited on TiO2 catalyst, Wat. Res., 38 (130), 3001-3008 (2004)   , 82-89 (2013) @No $ @ @ Pellegrin J.Y., Le Pleux L, Blart L.E., Renaud A.,Chavilion B., Szuwarski N., Boujitita M., Cario L., Jobic  S., Jacquemin  D. and Odobel F., Ruthenium polypyridine complexes as sensitisers in NiO based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells: Effects of the anchoring groups, J Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 219(2), 235-242 (2011) @No $ @ @  Joseph C.G., Puma G.L., Bono A., Krishniah D., Sonophotocatalysis in advanced oxidation process: A short review, Ultrason., Sonochem. 16, 583-589 (2009) @No $ @ @  Anju S.G., Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Sonophotocatalytic degradation of phenol over semiconductor oxides, Chem Eng. J., 189-190(1), 84-93 (2012) @No $ @ @   Kim S. and Choi W., Visible light induced photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol and phenolic compounds in aqueous suspension of pure titania: demonstrating the existence of surface complex-mediated path, Journal of Phys. Chem. B, 109(11), 5143-5149 (2005) @No $ @ @   Wu C., Liu X., Wei D., Fan J., Wang L., Photosonochemical degradation of phenol in water, Wat. Res. 35(16) 3927-3933 (2001) @No $ @ @  Sivalingam G., Priya M.H. and Madras G., Effect of substitution on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol using combustion synthesized TiO2: Mechanism and kinetics, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 51, 67-76 (2004) @No $ @ @   Anju S.G., Jyothi K.P., Sindhu Joseph, Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Ultrasound assisted semiconductor mediated catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water: Comarative efficacy of ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2, Res J Rec Sci., 1, 191-201 (2012) @No $ @ @  Kuriacose J.C., Ramakrishnan V. and Yesodharan E.P., Photoinduced catalytic reactions of alcohols on ZnO suspensions in cyclohexane: Oscillation in the concentration of H2O2 formed, Indian J. Chem., 19A, 254-256 (1978) @No $ @ @   Pignatello J.J. and  Sun Y., Complete oxidation of  metolachlor and methyl parathion in water by photoassisted fenton reaction, Wat Res., 29, 1837-1844 (1995) @No $ @ @  Han W., Zhu W., Zhang P., Zhang Y. and Li L., Photocatalytic degradation of phenols in aqueous solutions under irradiation of 254 and 185 nm UV light, Catal. Today,  90, 319-324 (2004) @No $ @ @  Rabindranathan S., Devipriya S. and SugunaYesodharan, Photocatalytic degradation of phosphamidon on semiconductor oxides, J. Hazard. Mater., 102, 217-229 (2003) @No $ @ @   Chen C.C., Lu, C.S., Chung and Y.C., Jan, J.L., UV light induced photodegradation of malachite green on TiO2 nanoparticles, J. Hazard.Mater., 141, 520-528 (2007) @No $ @ @   Hashimoto K., Kawai T. and Sakata T., Photocatalytic reactions of hydrocarbons and fossil fuels with water-Hydrogen production and oxidation, J Phys Chem , 88, 4083 (1984) @No $ @ @  Desahpande P.A., Madras G., Photocatalytic degradation of phenol by base metal substituted orthovanadates, Chem. Eng. J., 161, 136-145 (2010) @No $ @ @   Velasco L.F., Parra J.B. and Ania C.O., Role of activated carbon features on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol, Applied Surf. Sci. 256, 5254-5258 (2010) @No $ @ @   Yalfani M.S., Contreras S., Medina F. and Suegras J., Phenol degradation by Fenton’s process using catalytic insitu generated hydrogen peroxide, Appl. Catal. B:Environ, 89, 519-526 (2009) @No $ @ @   Hanna K., Kone K. and Ruby T.C., Fenton-like oxidation and mineralization of phenol using synthetic Fe(II)-Fe(III) green rust, Environ Sci. Poll. Res., 17, 124-134 (2010) @No $ @ @   Serpone N., Terzian R., Colarusso P., Minero C., PelizettiE and Hidaka H., Res. Chem. Int. 18(2-3), 183-190 (1992) @No $ @ @   Anju S.G., Jyothi K.P., Sindhu Joseph, Suguna Y.esodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Ultrasound assisted semiconductor mediated catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water: Comparative efficacy of ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2, Res. J.  Recent  Sci., 1, 191-201 (2012) @No $ @ @   Hartmann J., Bartels P., Mau U., Witter M., Tumpling W.V., Hofmann J., Nietzschmann E., Degradation of the drug diclofenac in water by sonolysis in presence of catalysts, Chemosphere, 70, 453-461 (2008) @No  
<#LINE#>Comparative Study of Effect of PAC and GAC on Removal of COD Contributing Component of Sugar Industry waste water<#LINE#>M.M.@Lakdawala,J.M.@Lakdawala<#LINE#>90-97<#LINE#>17.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-24.pdf<#LINE#>Chemistry Department, S P T Arts and Science College, Godhra, Gujarat, INDIA @ Prime interior, Vapi, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#>  Rapid globalization leads us on the way to industrialization. Pollution of water by organic and inorganic chemicals is of serious environmental concern. Sugar industry is one of the biggest consumer of water, and can also introduce serious pollutant to the environment. Chemical as well as biological treatments to these waste waters are in practice since long. Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) prepared from wood and nutshell charcoal with specific surface area of 5602.352 cm2/gm and particle size 44 μ m and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) prepared from wood and nutshell charcoal with specific surface area of 10.50 cm2/gm and particle size 1.08 mm are used as adsorbents to the combined waste water of Sugar mill at room temperature. The different dosage of PAC and GAC is kept in contact for 24 hours and analyzed before and after treatment. The results of COD removal follow the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Among PAC and GAC -PAC removes 62.26% of COD at the dose of 20gm/L further at the dose of 30 gm/L its 66.04%, whereas GAC removes 62.26% of COD at the dose of 20gm/L and found exhausted for higher dosages. It proves that rates of adsorption increases with the reduction in particle size.  <#LINE#> @ @ Pradeep T. and Anshu P., Affordable Clean Water Using Nanotechnology� Noble metal nano-particles for water purification: A critical review, Thin Solid Films ASAP (2009) @No $ @ @  Nagraj J., Industrial Safety and Pollution Control  Handbook, IInd edition, National safety council and associate (Data) Publishers Pvt Ltd; 423 (1993) @No $ @ @ Pandey K.K., Prasad G. and Singh V.N., Copper Removal from aqueous solution by fly ash, J. Water. Res., 19, 869-873 (1985) @No $ @ @  Weber W.J. Jr, Benjamin M. and Van Vliet, J., J. AWWA,73(8), 420-426 (1981) @No $ @ @ Faust S.D. and Aly O.M. Adsorption processes for water treatment, Butterworth publishers, Stoneham (1987) @No $ @ @ Sheindrof C. Rebhun M. and Sheintuch M., Organic pollutant Adsorption from multi-component system; modeled by Freundlich type isotherm, J. Environ Res, 16,357-362 (1982) @No $ @ @ Langmuir I., J of Amer. Chem. Soc., 39, 1848 (1917) @No $ @ @  Martin R.J. and Iwugo K.O., J of Water Research, 16,73-82 (1982) @No $ @ @ McGuire M.S. and Suffet I.H. Adsorption of organics from wastes, J AWWA, 10, 621 (1975) @No $ @ @ Mathews A. P. and Inna Zayas, Particle size and shape effects on adsorption rate parameters, J of Envron.Engineering, 115 (1), 66 (1989) @No $ @ @ Dhaneshwar R.S., An overview of application of Granular Activated Carbon to waste water treatment. Institution of Engineers (India), Environmental Engineering Division,67(3), 38-42 (1987) @No $ @ @ Motwani V.M., Laboratory studies on adsorption, M.E. Dissertation, S.G. Uni., SVRCET, Gujarat, India, 2-94(1989) @No $ @ @ Maria Fuerhacker, Astrid D�rauer and Alois Jungbauer,Adsorption isotherms of 17�-estradiol on granular activated carbon (GAC), J of Chemosphere, 44 (7), 1573-1579 (2001) @No $ @ @ Lorenc-Grabowska E, Gra_zyna Gryglewicz, Adsorption characteristics of Congo Red on coal based mesoporous @No $ @ @ Sandeep Keshari Bhoi, A Project Adsorption characteristics of Congo red dye onto PAC and GAC based on S/N Ratio: A Taguchi Approach. National Institute of Technology, Rourkela for Bachelor of Technology (Chemical Engineering) (2010) @No $ @ @ Munz G., Gori R., Mori G. and Lubello C., Powdered activated carbon and membrane bioreactors (MBRPAC) for tannery wastewater treatment: long term effect on biological and filtration process performances, J Desalination, 207 (1-3), 349-360 (2007) @No $ @ @ Sung-Hee Roh, Jae-Woon Nah, Jong-Hee Cha, and Sun-Il Kim, Effect of PAC Addition on Dyeing Wastewater Treatment in a Hybrid Process of Fenton Oxidation and Membrane Separation, J. Ind. Eng. Chem.,12(6), 955-961(2006) @No $ @ @ Paris Honglay Chen, Christina Hui Jenq and Kuei Mei Chen, Evaluation of granular activated carbon for removal of trace organic compounds in drinking water, J.Environmental International 22(3), 343-359 (1996) @No $ @ @ Ke-jia Zhang, Nai-yun Gao, Yang Deng, Ming-hao Shui and Yu-lin Tang, Granular activated carbon (GAC)adsorption of two algal odorants, dimethyl trisulfide and �-cyclocitral, J Desalination, 266(1), 231-237 (2011)@No $ @ @ Kwang-Joong Oh, Dae-Won Park, Seong-Soo Kim and Sang-Wook Park, Breakthrough data analysis of adsorption of volatile organic compounds on granular activated carbon, Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 27(2), 632-638 (2010)@No $ @ @ SOUZA Renata Santos, CARVALHO Samira Maria Le�o,GARCIA JUNIOR M�rcio Ronald Lima and SENA Rafael Santos Fernandes, Chromium (VI) adsorption by GAC from diluted solutions in batch system and controlled pH, J Acta Amaz., 39(3), 661-668 (2009) @No $ @ @ Areerachakul I.N. Vigneswaran S. Ngo H.H. and Kandasamy J., Granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption-photocatalysis hybrid system in the removal of herbicide from water, J Seperation and Purification Water, American Public Health Association, Washington DC, 18th Edition, 1134 (1992)  @No 
<#LINE#>Cellulose Crystallinity Change Assessment of Biochar Produced by Pyrolysis of Coir Pith<#LINE#>G.@Rojith,I.S.@BrightSingh<#LINE#>98-101<#LINE#>18.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-57.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, India  <#LINE#>26/10/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#>  Biochar production from biomass is a globally adopted strategy for carbon sequestration and also for integrated agricultural applications. In the present study biochar was produced at 600oC by slow pyrolysis of lignocellulosic agro industrial residue coir pith. Chemical and structural transformation of coir pith happened due to pyrolysis process. Changes in cellulose crystallinity was analysed by XRD and FTIR method. XRD analysis indicates cellulose crystallinity index change. FTIR analysis shows several characteristic peak changes indicating structural transformations of cellulosic components.   <#LINE#> @ @  Shrestha G., Traina S.J. and Swanston C.W. Black Carbon’s Properties and Role in the Environment: A Comprehensive Review, Sustainability, 2(1), 294-320 (2010) @No $ @ @  Atkinson C.J., Fitzgerald J.D. and Hipps N.A., Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: A review, Plant and Soil, 337, 1-18 (2010) @No $ @ @  Lehmann J., Czimnik C., Laird D. and Sohi S., Stability of Biochar in the Soil. In: Lehmann J., Joseph S. (Eds.), Biochar for Environmental Management. Earthscan, London, 183 (2009) @No $ @ @  Pramod Jha, Biswas A.K., Lakaria B.L.  and Rao A. Subba, Biochar in agriculture – prospects and related Implications, Current Science, 99, (2010) @No $ @ @  Catherine E. Brewer , Rachel Unger, Klaus Schmidt Rohr, Robert C and Brown, Criteria to Select Biochars for Field Studies based on Biochar Chemical Properties, Bioenerg. Res. (2011) @No $ @ @  Claudia Maria B.F, Maia, Beata. E. Madari, Etelvino H and Novotony, Advances in biochar research in brazil, Dynamic soil, Dynamic plant, 5(1), 53-58 (2011) @No $ @ @  Baoliang Chen and Miaoxin Yuan, Enhanced sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by soil amended with biochar, J Soils Sediments, 11, 62–71(2011) @No $ @ @  Kurt A. Spokas and Donald C. Reicosky, Impacts of Sixteen Different Biochars On Soil Greenhouse Gas Production, Annals of Environmental Science , 3, 179-193 (2009) @No $ @ @  Singh B.P., Hatton B.J., Singh B., Cowie A.L. and Kathuria A., Influence of biochars on nitrous oxide emission and nitrogen leaching from two contrasting soils, Journal of environmental quality, 39, 1224-1235 (2010) @No $ @ @  Spokas K.A., Koskinen W.C., Baker J.M. and Reicosky D.C., Impacts of woodchip biochar additions on greenhouse gas production and sorption/degradation of two herbicides in a Minnesota soil, Chemosphere, 77, 574-581 (2009) @No $ @ @  Yanai Y., Toyota K., Okazaki M., Effects of charcoal addition on N2O emissions from soil resulting from rewetting air-dried soil in short-term laboratory experiments, Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 53, 181-188 (2007) @No $ @ @  Daniel D. Warnock , Johannes Lehmann, Thomas W. Kuyper and Matthias C. Rillig, Mycorrhizal responses to biochar in soil – concepts and mechanisms, Plant Soil, 300, 9–20 (2007) @No $ @ @  Xiaoyun Xu , Xinde Cao , Ling Zhao , Hailong Wang ,Hongran Yu and Bin Gao, Removal of Cu, Zn, and Cd from aqueous solutions by the dairy manure-derived biochar, Environ Sci Pollut Res, (2012) @No $ @ @  Brown R., Biochar Production Technology. In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (Eds.), Biochar for Environmental Management, Earthscan, London, 127-146 (2009) @No $ @ @  Van Zwieten L., Kimber S., Morris S., Chan K.Y., Downie A., Rust J., Joseph S.   and Cowie A., Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility, Plant Soil,  327, 235–246 (2010) @No $ @ @  M. A. Mohd Salleh , Nsamba Hussein Kisiki, H. M. Yusuf and W. A. Wan Ab Karim Ghani, Gasification of Biochar from Empty Fruit Bunch in a Fluidized Bed Reactor,  Energies, 3, 1344-1352.(2010) @No $ @ @  Rojith G. and Bright Singh I.S., Lignin recovery, Biochar Production and Decolourisation of Coir pith Black Liquor, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011) , 270-274 (2012) , 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @  Sang Youn Oh, Dong I Yoo, Younsook Shinb and Gon Seo, FTIR analysis of cellulose treated with sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide, Carbohydrate Research, 340, 417–428 (2005) @No $ @ @   Rojith G. and Bright Singh I.S., Delignification, Cellulose Crystallinity Change and Surface Modification of Coir Pith Induced by Oxidative Delignification Treatment, International Journal of Environment and Bioenergy, 3(1), 46-55 (2012) @No $ @ @ Marco Keiluweit, Peter S. Nico, Mark G. Johnson and Markus Kleber, Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-derived Black Carbon (Biochar), Environmental Science and Technology, (2010) @No  
<#LINE#>Growth and Characterization of Cobalt Sulphide Nanorods<#LINE#>S.@Ariponnammal,T.@Srinivasan<#LINE#>102-105<#LINE#>19.ISCA-ISC-2012-11MatS-34.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Physics, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul District, TamilNadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>21/11/2012<#LINE#>24/12/2012<#LINE#>  Uniformly distributed cobalt sulphide (CoS) nanorods with diameter of 139nm and 0.7�m long have been synthesized by using inexpensive chemical precipitation method. The X-ray powder diffraction study has shown the amorphous nature of the as prepared CoS nanorods. The scanning electron microscope reveals the morphology of the nanorods having nearly spherical head and elongated to flat tail tip just similar to nail shape. These kinds of structure are useful in laser and field emission applications. The analysis of EDAX has shown the presence of nearly equal percentage of cobalt and sulphur along with oxygen peak. This shows the formation of cobalt sulphide with slight hydrous nature. The hydrous nature is confirmed by FTIR study which has shown the presence of O-H bond. The UV-VIS transmission spectrum of CoS nanorods shows high absorption in the ultra-violet region at about 350nm which makes the material to be suitable for UV filters. The room temperature photoluminescence at excitation wavelength of 320nm exhibits two bands of which one violet emission observed at 413nm is broad and other blue emission band at 493nm is comparatively sharp. These two emissions are originated from Co vacancy related defects or their complexes.  <#LINE#> @ @  Jun Zhou, Young Ding, Shao Z. D-eng, Li Gong, Ning S.Xu and Zhong L. wang Three –Dimensional Tungsten Oxide Nanowire networks, Adv.mater, 17, 2107-2110 (2005) @No $ @ @  Hu J.T., Odom T.W. and Lieber C.M., Chemistry and Physics in One Dimension: Synthesis and Properties of Nanowires and Nanotubes, Acc. Chem. Res., 32, 435-445(1999) @No $ @ @  Wu Y. and Yang P., Germanium nanowire growth via simple vapor transport, Chem. Mater., 12, 605-607 (2000) @No $ @ @  Yazawa M., Koguchi M., Mutto A., Ozawa M. and Hiruma K., Effect of one monolayer of surface gold atoms on the epitaxial growth of In As nanowhiskers, Appl. Phys. Lett., 61, 2051-2053(1992) @No $ @ @  Chen C.C. and Yeh c., Large-Scale Catalytic Synthesis of Crystalline Gallium Nitride Nanowires, Adv. Matter. 12, 738-741 (2000) @No $ @ @  Karthik Ramasamy, Weerakanya Maneerprakorn, Mohammad A. Malik and Paul O’ Brien, Single-molecule precursor-based approaches to cobalt sulphide nanostructures, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A368, 4249-4260 (2010) @No $ @ @  Smith G.B., Ignatiev A. and Zajac G. Solar selective black cobalt : preparation, structure and thermal stability, J. Appl. Phys. 51, 4186-4197 (1980) @No $ @ @  Whitney T.M., Jiang J.S., Searson P. and Chien C., Fabrication and magnetic properties of arrays of metallic nanowires, Science, 261, 1316-1319 (1993) @No $ @ @  Yue G.H., Yan P.X., Fan X.Y., Wang M.X., Qu D.M., Wu Z.G., Li C. and Yan D, Structures and properties of Cobalt disulphide nanowire arrays fabricated by electrodeposition, Electrochem., Solid State lett., 10, D29-D30 ( 2007) @No $ @ @    Feng Y.G., He T. and Alonso-Vante N. In situ free-surfactant synthesis and ORR-electrochemistry of carbon-supported Co3S4 and CoSe2 nanoparticles, Chem. Mater. 20, 26-28 (2008) @No $ @ @  Yu Z., Du J., Guo S., Zhang J. and Matsumoto Y., CoS thin films prepared with modified chemical bath deposition, Thin Solid Films, 415, 173-176 (2002) @No $ @ @  Cruz-Vazquez C., Inoue M., Inoue M.B., Bernal R. and Espinza _Beltran F.J., Electrical and spectroscopic properties of amorphous copper sulfide films treated with iodine, lithium iodide and sodium iodide, Thin Solid Films , 373, 1 -5 (2000) @No $ @ @  Ortega-Borges R., Lincott D., Mechanism of Chemical Bath Deposition of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films in the AmmoniaThiourea System: In Situ Kinetic Study and Modelization, J. Electrochem. Soc. 140, 3464-3473 (1993) @No $ @ @  Deshmukh L.P. and Holikatti S.G., A CdS:Sb photoelectrode for photoelectrochemical applications, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 27, 1786 -1790 (1994) @No $ @ @  Basu P.K. and Pramani K.P., Chemical deposition of thin film of CoS, J. Mater. Sc i: Lett., 5, 1216-1218 (1986) @No $ @ @  Donald Okli N. and Cecilia okoli N., Optical growth and characterization of cobalt sulphide Thin films Fabricated using the chemical Bath Deposition Technique, J. Natural Sci. Res., 2, 5-8 (2012) @No $ @ @  Deshmukh L.P. and Mane S.T., Liquid Phase Chemical deposition of Cobalt Sulphide Thin Films: Growth and properties, Digest J. Nano materials and Biostructures, 6, 931-936 (2011) @No $ @ @  Sifuentes C., Ybarmenkov, Strodumov A., Filipov V., Lipovskii A., Application of CdSe-nanocrystallite-doped glass for temperature measurements in fiber sensors, Opt. Eng., 39, 2182-2186 (2000) @No $ @ @  Stegeman G.I. and Seaton C.T., Nonlinear integrated optics , J. Appl. Phys., 58, R57-R79 (1985) @No $ @ @  Ezema F.I. and Osuji R.U., Band gap shift and optical characterization of chemical bath deposited CdSSe thin films on annealing, Chalcogenides Lett., 4 , 69 -75 (2007) @No $ @ @  Mishack E. Ekuma et al., Synthesis and characterization of chemical bathdeposited CDCOS thin film, chalcogenide Lett., 7, 31-38 (2010) @No $ @ @    Nithima Khaorapapong , Areeporn onatam makoto Ogawa, Very slow formation of copper sulfide and cobalt sulfide nano partices in montmorillonite, App. Clay sci., 51, 182 -186 (2011) @No $ @ @  Bao S. J., Li Y., Li C. M., Bao Q., Lu Q. and Guo, Shape evolution and magnetic properties of cobalt sulfide, J. Cryst. Growth Des., 8, 3745-3749 (2008) @No $ @ @  Silverstein, Basster and Morrill, Spectrometric identification of organic compounds, John Wiley and Sons, USA, 91 (1991) @No $ @ @  Jag Mohan, Organic Spectroscopy, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 61-62 (2000) @No $ @ @  Pal D. and Bose D.N., Study of photoluminescence and computation of configuration coordinate diagram of Cu related deep levels in InP, Bull. Mater. Science, 20, 401-407 (1994) @No $ @ @  Baibaswata Bhattacharjee and Chung-HsinLu, Multicolor luminescence of undoped zinc sulfide nanocrystalline thin films at room temperature, Thin Solid films,  514, 132-137 (2006) @No $ @ @  Fang Yang, Wilkinson M., Austin E.J. and O’Donnel K.P., Origin of the Stokes shift: A geometrical model of exciton spectra in 2D semiconductors , Phys.  Rev. Letts., 70, 323-326 (1993) @No $ @ @  Yanagida S., Yoshida M., Shiragami T., Pac C., Mori H. and Fujita H., Semiconductor photocatalysis. I. Quantitative photoreduction of aliphatic ketones to alcohols using defect-free zinc sulfide quantum crystallites, J. Phys. Chem., 94, 3104-3111 (1990) @No $ @ @  Jayanth I.K., Chawla S., Chander H. and Haranath D., Structural, optical and photoluminescence properties of ZnS: Cu nanoparticle thin films as a function of dopant concentration and quantum confinement effect, Cryst. Res. Technol., 42, 976 -982 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>Spectroscopic Analysis of Siddha Medicine: Sirungi Parpam<#LINE#>S.@Ariponnammal<#LINE#>106-109<#LINE#>20.ISCA-ISC-2012-13MediS-11.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Physics, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>21/11/2012<#LINE#>24/12/2012<#LINE#>  Siddha medicine receives greater attention nowadays because of the immediate and permanent cure without any side effects. So, one such siddha medicine namely “Sirungi Parpam” has been selected for the present study to analyse it from the physicist point of view. The medicine Sirungi Parpam is mainly prepared from deer’s horn and is used for curing rickets, coughs, tuberculosis, small pox and measles. An attempt has been made to analyse the siddha medicine “Sirungi Parpam” by using UV spectroscopy and constant deviation spectrograph. The present study reveals that this medicine “Sirungi Parpam” contains calcium and iron as major components and traces of silicon and sodium. The calcium strengthens the bone and the iron improves the Haemoglobin percentage in blood. The Silicon also helps to improve the health. These favours the Sirungi Purpam to cure the diseases like tuberculosis and Rickets permanently.  <#LINE#> @ @  Impscops Publisher, Formulary of Siddha medicine (Fourth edition), (1993) @No $ @ @  J Robert C. Weast, David R. Lide, Melvin J. Astle and William H. Beyer, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (70th edition), (1989-1990) @No $ @ @   Jag Mohan, Organic Spectroscopy, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi,   61(2000) @No $ @ @ Abstracts and Papers presented in UGC Refresher Course in Physics, Gandhigram Rural Institute, Deemed University Gandhigram, 30 (2002) @No $ @ @   Udagawa T. and Nakanisi T., Ninth international symposium on Gallium Arsenide and Related Compounds held at Oiso, Japan, Edited by T. Sugano, 19 (1981) @No 
<#LINE#>Genetic variability of Macrophomina phaseolina Affecting Sesame: phenotypic traits, RAPD markers and interaction with the Crop<#LINE#>Andrea@Martínez-Hilders,Yuraima@Mendoza,Dasybel@Peraza,Hern�n@Laurentin<#LINE#>110-115<#LINE#>21.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-13.pdf<#LINE#>Departamento de Ciencias Biol�gicas, Decanato de Agronom�a, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Barquisimeto, VENEZUELA <#LINE#>04/8/2012<#LINE#>26/1/2013<#LINE#> Macrophomina phaseolina is a fungus which affects more than 300 cultivated species. It is one of the most important biotic stresses on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). A successful control strategy, especially plant resistance management, depends on comprehensive knowledge about genetic variability for both fungus and plant. To evaluate genetic diversity of M. phaseolina affecting sesame in the most important crop production region of Venezuela, seven isolates were characterized by means of phenotypic traits, and RAPD markers. Four of these isolates were used for evaluating the interaction with four sesame genotypes in two ways: interaction in vivo by inoculation, and effect of root and stem extracts on fungus growth. Variability for growth velocity (optical density ranged between 1.69 to 2.32 at 96 hours of growing) (P≤0.05) and microsclerotia production (18-56 in 100 μL) (P≤0.05), was observed. Ten primers used were able to amplify the DNA, generating 81 bands (100% polymorphic). Ordination of the seven isolates by means of principal coordinates analysis based on RAPD did not show a consistent relationship with phenotypic attributes or geographical origin. After inoculation, length lesion produced by the four isolates did not show statistical differences, but germination percentage did (P≤0.01). One of the fungus isolates reduced up to almost 70% average germination of the four sesame genotypes. Mycelial growth of four isolates was inhibited in 17 – 32 % as compared to the control. These results indicate it is difficult to manage charcoal rot by means of obtaining resistant cultivars because of the fungus variability found in all the levels evaluated..   <#LINE#> @ @  Wyllie T. Charcoal rot, In: Compendium of soybean diseases. Third edition. J.B. Sinclair and P.A. Backman (eds). Pages 30-33. American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, USA, (1989) @No $ @ @  Pineda J. Enfermedades del ajonjol�: algunas medidas de control. II Curso sobre producci�n de ajonjol�, soya y otras leguminosas, 114 pp. ASOPORTUGUESA, UCLA and FONAIAP, Venezuela (2002) @No $ @ @  Odvody G. and Dunkle L., Charcoal stalk rot of sorghum: effect of environment in host-parasite relations, Phytopathology, 126, 343-352 (1979) @No $ @ @  Pineda J. and Avila J., Alternativas para el control de Macrophomina phaseolina y Fusarium oxysporum pat�genos del ajonjol� (Sesamum indicum L.), Agronom�a Tropical, 38, 79-84 (1988) @No $ @ @  Pineda J., Nass H. and Rodr�guez H. Efecto de la densidad de in�culo de (Macrophomina phaseolina) en la infecci�n de pl�ntulas de ajonjol�, Agronomia Tropica, 35, 133-138 (1985) @No $ @ @  Weiland J. and Sundsbak J. Differenciation and detection of sugar beet fungal pathogens using PCR amplification of actin coding sequences and the ITS Region of the Rrna. Gene, 84, 475-482 (2000) @No $ @ @  Laurentin H. Gen�tica Agr�cola. Editorial Acad�mica Espa�ola. Saarbr�cken, Germany (2011)  , 110-115 (2013) @No $ @ @ Karp A., Kresovich S., Bhat K., Ayady W. and Hodgkin T., Molecular tools in plant genetic resources conservation:  a guide to the technology, IPGRI Technical Bulletin No. 2. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy (1997) @No $ @ @   El-Bramawy M. Field resistance of crosses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to charcoal root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, Plant Protection Science, 42, 66-72 (2006) @No $ @ @  Simosa N. and Delgado M. Virulence of four isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina on four sesame (Sesamum indicum) cultivars, Fitopatolog�a Venezolana, 4, 20-23 (1991) @No $ @ @  De Lucca A., Cleveland T. and Wedge D. Plant-derived antifungal proteins and peptides, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 51, 1001-1014 (2005) @No $ @ @  Khan S., Ayub N. and Ahmad I., Inhibitory effect of extracts of plant parts of sunflower hybrids on sclerotia production of Macrophomina phaseolina, Pak. J. Phytopathol, 19, 150-154 (2007) @No $ @ @   Cs�ndes I., Cseh A and Taller J. Genetic diversity and effect of temperature and pH on the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates from sunflower fields in Hungary, Molecular Biology Reporter, DOI 10.1007/s11033-011-1094-6 (2011) @No $ @ @   Dellaporta S., Wood J. and Hicks J., A plant DNA minipreparation: versi�n II, Plant Mol. Biol. Rep., 1, 19-21 (1983) @No $ @ @  Beas-Fern�ndez R., De Santiago A., Hern�ndez-Delgado S. and Mayec-P�rez N., Characterization of Mexican and non-Mexican isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina based on morphological characteristics, pathogenicity on bean seeds and endoglucanase genes, Journal of Plant Pathology, 88, 53-60 (2006) @No $ @ @   Mahdizadeh V., Safaie N. and Goltapeh E., Diversity of Macrophomina phaseolina based on morphological and genotypic characteristics in Iran, Plant Pathology Journal, 27, 128-137 (2011) @No $ @ @  Almeida A., Abdelnoor R., Arrabal C., Carvalho V., Jacoud D., Marin L., Benato M. and Carvalho C. Genotypic diversity among Brazilian isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina revealed by RAPD, Fitopatolog�a Brasileira, 28, 279-285 (2003) @No $ @ @   Jana T., Sharma T., Prasad R. and Arora D., Molecular characterization of Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium species by a single primer RAPD technique, Microbiological Research, 158, 249-257 (2003) @No  
<#LINE#>Flower numbers, Pod production, Pollen viability are Reduced with Flower and Pod abortion increased in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Heat stress<#LINE#>Niharika@Shukla<#LINE#>116-119<#LINE#>22.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-40.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University Jabalpur, INDIA  <#LINE#>22/11/2012<#LINE#>8/1/2012<#LINE#> In chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) the sowing time may vary in different locations depending on the temperatures experienced at different stages of crop development. It is well adapted within temperature range of 30/150C (day maximum and night minimum) for optimum growth and pod filling. The crop often experiences abnormally high temperature (&#x0000;350 C) and atmospheric heat stress during reproductive stage. A large number of germplasm were physiologically characterized for thermo tolerance and screening techniques developed based on flower drop %, and pollen fertility. The objective of this research is to study the effect of high temperature during pre- and post-anthesis stages of flower development on pollen viability, flower number, pod abortion, pollen tube growth and pod set. The plants were evaluated under two contrasting environments viz., normal and late planting. For which thirty promising genotypes were grown under three replications in RBD. High temperatures reduced pod set by reducing pollen viability and increased the flower drop percentage. Pollen from tolerant promising lines (ICC 3325 and JG 21) was fully viable at 35/20�C. The result obtained from present investigation suggested that selection for physiological traits such as pollen viability could not only improve the heat tolerance of chickpea but can also boost up the crop production under climate change, in addition to pod abortion, flower abortion is an important factor limiting yield in chickpea  <#LINE#> @ @  Leport L., Turner N.C., French R.J., Barr M.D., Duda R., Davies S.L., Tennant D. and Siddique K.H.M., Physiological responses of chickpea genotypes to terminal drought in a Mediterranean-type environment,  European Journal of Agronomy 11, 279-291 (1999) @No $ @ @  Leport L., Turner N.C., Davies S.L. and Siddique K.H.M., Variation in pod production and abortion among chickpea cultivars under terminal drought, European Journal of Agronomy, 24, 236-246 (2006) @No $ @ @  Malhotra R.S., Pundir R.P.S and Slinkard A.E., Genetic resources of chickpea. In: Saxena MC, Singh KB, editors, The chickpea. Aberystwyth, UK: CAB International, 67-8 (1982) @No $ @ @  Siddique K.H.M., Brinsmead R.B., Knight R., Knights E.J., Paull J.G. and Rose I.A., Adaptation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to Australia. In: Knight R, editor. Linking research and marketing opportunities for pulses in the 21st century. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 289-303 (2000) @No $ @ @  Turner N.C., Adaptation to drought: lessons from studies with chickpea, Indian Journal of Plant Physiology (Special issue) 11–17 (2003) @No $ @ @  Turner N.C., Agronomic options for improving rainfall-use efficiency of crop in dryland farming systems, Journal of Experimental Botany, 55, 2413-2425, (2004) @No $ @ @  Turner N.C., Abbo S., Berger J.D., Chaturvedi S.K., French R.J., Ludwig C., Mannur D.M., Singh S.J. and Yadava H.S., Osmotic adjustment in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) results in no yield benefit under terminal drought, Journal of Experimental Botany, 58, 187-194 (2006) @No $ @ @  Xiangwen Fang, Neil C. Turner, Guijun Yan, Fengmin  and Kadambot H.M. Siddique, Flower numbers, pod production, pollen viability, and pistil function are reduced and flower and pod abortion increased in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under terminal drought, Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(2), 335-345 (2009) @No  
<#LINE#>Nutritional Analysis of Freshwater bivalves, Lamellidens spp. from River Tunga, Karnataka, India<#LINE#>Shafakatullah@Nannu,Sowmyashree@Shetty,Reema@OrisonLobo,M.@Krishnamoorthy<#LINE#>120-123<#LINE#>23.ISCA-ISC-2012-2AVFS-28.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Bio-Sciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Karnataka, INDIA  <#LINE#>07/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> The aim of this work was to investigate the size and seasonal variation of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid contents in freshwater bivalves Lamellidens spp. The bivalves were studied for a period of 12 months from January 2010 to December 2010 from river Tunga, in the Western Ghat region of Karnataka, India. The current study showed that bivalves accumulate proteins and lipids during the pre and post monsoon seasons. Drastic decrease in protein and lipid content was observed during the monsoon season while winter showed a mild decrease in the same. Inversely, carbohydrate content decreased during pre and post monsoon season, while increasing during the monsoon and winter seasons.  <#LINE#> @ @  Lewandowski K. and Stanczykowska A., The occurrence and role of bivalves of the family Unionidae in Mikolajskie Lake, Ecologia Polsca, 23, 317-334 (1975) @No $ @ @ , 120-123 (2013) @No $ @ @  Kasprzak K., Role of Unionidae and Sphaeriidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) in the Eutrophic lake Zbechy and its outflow, International Revue Gesamten Hydrobiologie, 71, 315-334 (1986) @No $ @ @  Subba Rao N.V. and Dey A., Freshwater Molluscs in Aquaculture Zool. Surv. India, Calcutta, 225-232 (1989) @No $ @ @  Ruiz C., Abad M., Sedano F., Garcia-Martin O. & Sanchez J.L., Influence of seasonal environmental changes on the gamete production and biochemical composition of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) in suspended culture in El Grove, Galicia, Spain, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 155, 249-262 (1992) @No $ @ @   Gabbott P.A. and Bayne B.L., Biochemical effects of temperature and nutritive stress on Mytilus edulis_L., J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK, 53, 269–286 (1973) @No $ @ @   Sastry A.N.  Pelecypoda (excluding Ostreidae), In Giese, A.C. and J.S. Pearse, editors. Editors, Reproduction of marine invertebrate, mollusks: pelecypods and lesser classes. San Diego Academic Press,  113–292 (1979) @No $ @ @   Beukema J.J., Caloric values of marine invertebrates with an emphasis on the soft parts of marine bivalves, Oceanography, Mar. Biol., 35, 387-414 (1997) @No $ @ @   Galap C., Leboulenger F. and Grillot J.P., Seasonal variations in biochemical constituents during the reproductive cycle of the female dog cockle Glycymeris glycymeris, Mar. Biol., 129, 625-634 (1997) @No $ @ @   Brockington S., The seasonal energetics of the Antarctic bivalve Laternula elliptica (King and Broderip) at Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, Polar Biol., 24, 523-530 (2001) @No $ @ @  Spector A.A. and Yorek M.A., Membrane lipid compositionand cellular function, J. Lipid Res., 26, 1015-1035 (1985) @No $ @ @  Martinez G., Seasonal varations in biochemical composition of three size classes of the Chilean of the Scallop, Argopecten purpuratus Lamark, 17, 113-116 (1991) @No $ @ @   Preston H.B. fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Mollusca: Freshwater gastropoda and Pelecypoda. London. xix +244 (1915) @No $ @ @  Ramakrishna and Dey A., Handbook on Indian Freshwater Molluscs, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata (2007) @No $ @ @   Lowry O.H., Rosebrough N.S., Farrand A.L. and Randall R.J., Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent,  J. Biol. Chem.,193, 263-275 (1951) @No $ @ @   Bligh E.G. and Dyer W.J., A rapid method for total lipid extraction and purification, Can.J.Biochem.Physiol, 37, 911-917 (1959) @No $ @ @   George John. Studies on Anadra rhombea (Born) from Porto- Novo coastal waters, Ph.D., thesis, Annamalai University, 190 (1980) @No $ @ @   Ansell A.D., seasonal changes in biochemical composition of the bivalve Chlamys septemradiata from the Clyde sea area, Marine Biol., 25, 85-99 (1974) @No $ @ @   Ansell A.D., Distribution, growth and seasonal changes in biochemical composition for the bivalve Donax �ittatus _Da Costa. from Kames Bay, Millport, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 10, 137–150 (1972) @No $ @ @   Pieters H., Kluytmans J.H., Zurburg W., and Zandee D.I., The influence of seasonal changes on energy metabolism in Mytilus edulis L.: I. Growth rate and biochemical composition in relation to environmental parameters and spawning. In: Naylor, E., Hartnol, G. _Eds.., 13th Eur. Mar. Biol. Symp.: Cyclic Phenomena in Marine Plants and Animals. Pergamon, 285–291 (1979) @No $ @ @   De Zwaan A. and Zandee D.I., Body distribution and seasonal changes in the glycogen content of thecommon sea mussel, Mytilus edulis L. Comp. Biochem, Physiol, 43A, 53–58 (1972) @No $ @ @   Dare P.J. and Edwards D.B., Seasonal changes in flesh weight and biochemical composition of mussels, Mytilus edulis _L., in the Conwy Estuary, North Wales, J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 18, 89–97 (1975) @No $ @ @  Gabbott P.A., Storage cycles in marine bivalve molluscs: A hypothesis concerning the relationshipbetween glycogen metabolism and gametogenesis. In: Barnes, H. _Ed.., Proc. 9th Europ. Mar. Biol. Symp., Aberdeen Univ. Press, 191–211 (1975) @No $ @ @   Zandee D.I., Kluytmans J.H., Zurburg W. and Pieters H., Seasonal variations in biochemical compositionof Mytilus edulis with reference to energy metabolism and gametogenesis, Neth. J. Sea Res., 14-1, 1–29 (1980) @No $ @ @   Beukema J.J., De Bruin W. Calorifi c values of the soft parts of the tellinid bivalve Macoma balthica (L.) as determined by two methods, J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 37, 19-30 (1979) @No $ @ @   Beninger P.G. and Lucas A. Seasonal variations in condition, reproductive activity and gross biochemical composition of two species of adult clam reared in a common habitat: Tapesdecussatus L. (Jeff reys) and Tapes philippinarum (Adams and Reeve), J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 79, 19-37, (1984) @No $ @ @   Brazao S., Morais S. and Boaventura D., et al. Spatial and temporal variation of the fatty acid composition of Patella spp. (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia) soft bodies and gonads, Comp Biochem Physiol 136 B: 425-441(2003) @No $ @ @   Fernanadez-Reiriz M.J., Labarta U., Babarro J.M.F., Comparative allometries in growth and chemicalcomposition of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lmk)cultured in two zones in the Ria sada (Galicia, NW Spain), J. Shell. Res., 15, 349-353 (1996) @No $ @ @   Caers M., Coutteau P. and Sorgeloos P., Impact of starvationand of feeding algal and artificial diets on the lipidcontent and composition of juvenile oysters (Crassostreagigas) and clams (Tapes philippinarum), Mar. Biol., 136, 891-899 (2000) @No  
<#LINE#>Isolation and Characterization of Multi drug Resistant Super Pathogens from soil Samples Collected from Hospitals<#LINE#>Chandan@Prasad,R.P.@Mishra,Asif@Ali,V.S.@Gangwar,Shweta@Chand <#LINE#>124-129<#LINE#>24.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-23.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Chemistry, D.A.V College, Kanpur, INDIA @ R and D Division, MRD Life Sciences, Lucknow, INDIA @ Integral University, Lucknow, INDIA @ Dept of Chemistry, V.S.S.D College, Kanpur, INDIA @ Dept of Chemistry, Christ Church College, Kanpur, INDIA  <#LINE#>14/9/2012<#LINE#>19/1/2013<#LINE#> Soil samples from two different city hospitals were collected, pre-treated along with several antibiotics for primary screening of numerous microbes and were cultured after serial dilution over sterile nutrient agar plates. A total of three isolated were identified and purified from the samples, further screened for individual antibiotics at their respective varying concentrations and all the three isolates were found to be strong resistant against antibiotics selected in the study. Morphological, biochemical and physiological properties were analysed for all the isolates.  <#LINE#> @ @  Adegoke, Anthony A., Tom Mvuyo, Okoh Anthony and Jacob Steve Studies on multiple antibiotic resistant bacterial isolated from surgical site infection, Scientific Research and Essays, 5(24), 3876-3881 (2010) @No $ @ @  Dharmadhikari S.M. and Peshwe S.A. Molecular level studies on multiple and serum resistant in UTI pathogen, Indian Journal of biotechnology, 8, 40-45 (2009) @No $ @ @  Abbasi A.M., Mosaffa N.D.M., Taheri S. and Jaafari M.K., Effect of Anti Bacterial Skin Secretion of ―Rana ridibanda‖ Frog on Methycillin Resistant S. Aureus, Yakhteh Medical Journal, 9, 146–155 (2007) @No $ @ @  Rodrigues O.D., Cez�rio C.R. and Filho G.P.P., Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) caused by Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa vs. other microorganisms at an adult clinical-surgical intensive care unit in a Brazilian University Hospital: Risk factors and outcomes, International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 1(10) 432-437(2009) @No $ @ @  Subha A., Devi R.V. and Ananthan S., AmpC b-lactamase producing multidrug resistant strains of Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli isolated from children under five in Chennai, Indian J Med Res., 177, 13-18 (2003) @No $ @ @  Oliveira A.C., Maluta R.P., Stella A.E., Rigobelo E.C., Jos� Moacir Marin J.M. and Fernando Antonio de �vila. Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from dental office environments and units in barretos, state of s�o paulo, brazil, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs, Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 39, 579-584 (2008) @No $ @ @  Kerry M., Jeanne F., Sue H., Cindy H., Nnielle H., Mary M. and Deborah A.B., An Emerging Multidrug- Resistant Pathogen in Critical Care 28(2008) @No $ @ @  Aibinu I.E., Peters R.F., Amisu K.O., Adesida S.A., Ojo M.O. and Tolu O., Multidrug Resistance in E. coli 0157 Strains and the Public Health Implication, J. American Sci., 3(3), 15-28 (2007) @No $ @ @  Bhatta D.R. and Kapadnis B.P., Production optimization and characterization of bioactive compound against Salmonella from Bacillus subtilis KBB isolated from Nepal, Scientific World, 8(8) (2010) @No $ @ @  Welch J.T., Fricke F.W., Patrick F., McDermott F.P.,  White G.D., Rosso L.M., Rasko D.A., Mammel K.M., Eppinger M., Rosovitz M.J., Wagner D., Rahalison,  LeClerc E.J.,  Hinshaw M., Lindler E.L., Cebula A.T. Carniel  and E. Ravel J. Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance in Plague: An Emerging Public Health Risk, PLoS ONE, 2(3), 309 (2007) @No $ @ @  Gales A.C., Jones R.N., Turnidge J., Rennie R. and Ramphal R., Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates: Occurrence Rates, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Molecular Typing in the Global SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997–1999, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 32(2),146–155(2001)   , 124-129 (2013) @No $ @ @  Chiu H.L., Cheng-Hsun Chiu H.C., Horn M.Y., Chiou S.C., Lee Y.C., Yeh M.C., Chang-YouYu Y.C., Chao-Chin Chang C.C. and Chu C., Characterization of 13 multi-drug resistant Salmonella serovars from different broiler chickens associated with those of human isolates, BMC Microbiology, 10, 86 (2010) @No $ @ @   Mishra R.P., Singh Deepak S.P. and Anwar R., Study of culture conditions and antimicrobial drug production properties of Acinetobacter baumannii, J. Pharm. Biol. Sci., 12(16), 1-4 (2011) @No $ @ @  Davis R.D., McAlpine B.J., Pazoles J.C., Talbot K.M.,  Alder A.E., White C.A., Jonas M.B., Murray E.B., Weinstock M.G. and Rogers L.B., Enterococcus faecalis Multi-Drug Resistance Transporters: Application for Antibiotic Discovery, J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol, 3(2) 179-184(2001) @No $ @ @   Hassan A., Usman J., Kaleem F., Khan A. and Hussain Z., In vitro activity of aminoglycosides, β lactam-β lactamases inhibitor combinations and tetracyclines against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, isolated from a tertiary care hospital, Journal of Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 2(4) (2010) @No $ @ @   Okonko I.O., Nkang A.O., Eyarefe O.D., Abubakar M.J., Ojezele M.O. and Amusan T.A., Incidence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Organisms in Some Poultry Feeds Sold in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria, British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1(1),15-28 (2010) @No $ @ @   Michalopoulos A. and Falagas M.E., Colistin and Polymyxin B in Critical Care, Crit Care Clin 24, 377–391 (2008) @No $ @ @   Megha Y.J., Alagawadi R.A. and Krishnaraj P.U., Multiple Beneficial Functions of Fluorescent Pseudomonads of Western Ghats of Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 20(2), 305-309 (2006) @No $ @ @   Nino K., Juan J.Z., Ping C., Sitara N.W., Marian C.L., Charles J.G., Timothy J.T. and Patrick C.R., Loss of p53 Function Confers High-Level Multidrug Resistance in Neuroblastoma Cell Lines, Cancer Research, 61, 6185–6193 (2001) @No $ @ @  Rasool A.S., Ahmad A., Khan S. and Wahab A., Plasmid Borne Antibiotic Resistance Factors Among Indigenous Klebsiella. Pak. J. Bot., 35(2), 243-248 (2003) @No $ @ @   Stephen C.R., Joshua A.S., Megan M. and Milton C.W., Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis journal. Pmed, 10,1371 (2006) @No $ @ @  Struelens D.L., Monnet A.P., Magiorakos F., O’Connor S. and Giesecke J. New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1–producing Enterobacteriaceae: emergence and response in Europe, 8(29) (2010) @No  
<#LINE#>Ethno-Botanical Survey of Sacred Groves and Sacred Plants of Jhalod and Surrounding Areas in Dahod District, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>R.N.@Maru,R.S.@Patel<#LINE#>130-135<#LINE#>25.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-26.pdf<#LINE#>JJT University, Rajasthan, INDIA  @ Department of Biology, KKSJ Maninagar Science College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>21/9/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> The present paper aimed 37 plant species belonging to 26 families documenting of sacred groves and sacred plants. During my research work i observed and documented six sacred groves, like Kedarnath mahadev, Panchkrishna, Bhamrachi mata Jhalaimata, Ghugardev mahadev and Sankatmochan hanuman sacred grove in the year 2011-12. The investigations revealed that different type of these groves are covered with herbs, shrubs and trees species which belongs to different families. Major species like Bombax ceiba L., Aegle marmelos L. Ailanthus excelsa Roxb., Azadirachta indica a. Juss., Melia azedarach L., Maytenus emarginata (willd.) D.hou, Mangifera indica L.,Butea monosperma (lam.) Taub., Dalbergia sissoo roxb, Sterculia urens Roxb. Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb Bth., Prosopis cineraria L. Druce., Terminalia arjuna (roxb). W. & a., Terminalia bellirica (gaerth.) Roxb, Eucalyptus globulus labill., Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Konth, Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb., Holarrhena antidysenterica L. Wall ex g. Don. , Wrightia tinctoria r. Br., Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br., Dhatura metel L., Tectona grandis L. F., Holoptelea integrifolia (roxb.) Planch., Ficus arnottiana miq., Ficus benghalensis L., Ficus religiosa L., Ficus racemosa L., Agave americana L., Phoenix sylvestris L. ,Roxb. And Dendrocalamus strictus nees.etc, are reported from my study area. Jhalod and surrounding areas in Ddahod district, Gujarat, india.  <#LINE#> @ @  Khan M.L., Rai J.P.N. and Tripathi R.S., Population structure of some tree species in disturbed and protected sub-tropical forests of north-east India, Acta Ecologica, 8(3), 247-255 (1987) @No $ @ @  Khiewtam R.S. and Ramakrishnan P.S., Socio-cultural studies of the sacred groves at Cherrapunji and adjoining areas in North-Eastern India, Man in India, 69 (1), 64-71 (1989) @No $ @ @  Sudha P., Rekha P.V., Gunaga V.S., Patagar S., Naik M.B., Indu K.M., and Ravindranath N., Community Forest Management and Joint Forest Management: An Ecological, Economic and Institutional Assessment in Western Ghats, India, Presented at "Crossing Boundaries", the seventh annual conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, June 10-14 (1998) @No $ @ @  Schaaf T. Sacred groves in Ghana: Experiences from an integrated study project. In: amakrishnan, P.S., Saxena K.G. and Chandrasekhar U.M.(Editors), Conserving the Sacred for Biodiversity Management. UNESCO and Oxford-IBH Publishing, New Delhi Pages 145-150 (1998) @No $ @ @  Islam A.K.M.N., Islam M. A. and Hogue A.E. Species composition of sacred groves, their diversity and conservation in Bangladesh.. In: Ramakrishnan, P.S., Saxena, K.G. and Chandrasekhar, U.M. (Editors) Conserving the Sacred for Biodiversity Management. UNESCO and Oxford-IBH Publishing, New Delhi Pages, 163-165 (1998) @No $ @ @  Gadgil M. and Vartak V.D., Sacred groves of Western Ghats of India. Ecological , 30, 152-160 (1976) @No $ @ @  Ved D K, Parthima C L, Morton Nancy and Darshan S, Conservations of Indian’s medicinal plant diversity through a novel approach of establishing a network of insitu gene banks, In: Uma Shanker R, Ganeshaiah K N and Bawaks (eds) Forest Genetic Resources: Status Threats and Conservation strategies, (Oxford and IBH New Delhi) (2001) @No $ @ @  Boraiah K.T., Vasudeva R., Shonil A. and Kushalappa C.G., Do informally managed sacred groves have higher richness and regeneration of medicinal plants than state – managed reserve forests?, Curr Sci, 84, 804 (2003) @No $ @ @  Airi S., Rewal R.S., Dhar U. and Purohit A.N., Assessment of availability and habitat preference of Jatamansi – a critically endangered medicinal plant of West Himalaya, Curr Sci, 79, 1467 (2000) @No $ @ @  Vartak V.D., Kumbhojkar M S and Nipuge D S, Sacred groves in tribal areas of Western Ghats:treasure trove of medicinal plants, Bulletin of Medico–Ethno–Botanical Research, 8, 77–78 (1987) @No $ @ @  Bhakat R.K. and Pandit P.K., Role of a sacred grove in conservation of medicinal plants, Indian Forester, 129, 224–232 (2003) @No $ @ @  Bhakat R., and Pandit P.K., An inventory of medicinal plants of some sacred groves of PuruliaDistrict West Bengal, Indian Forester, 130, 37–43 (2004) @No $ @ @  Sukumaran S., Raj ADS Medicinal Plants scared groves in Kanyakumari district, Southern Western Ghats, Indian J. Trad, Knowl, 9(2) 294-299 (2010) @No $ @ @  Patel H.R. and Patel R.S. Sacred groves and sacred plants of R. D. F. Poshina range forest of Sabarkantha district North Gujarat, India, Life science leaflets (2012) @No $ @ @  Gupta A., Shukla S., Koradiya D., Bhavsar P., Anil., Ramji Patel and Taviyad R., A cultural and ecological study of sacred groves in Balaram Ambaji and Jessore sanctuary in Banaskantha district of Gujarat. Abstract. National Workshop on Community Strategies on the Management of Natural Resources, Bhopal (2000) @No $ @ @  Saxton, W.T. and L.J. Sedgwick Plants of Northern Gujarat, Rec. Bot. Surv.,  India, 9, 207-323 (1918) @No $ @ @  Shah G. L. Flora of Gujarat State. Vol. I and II. Sardar Patel University Press, Vallabh Vidyanagar. (1978) @No $ @ @  Cooke, Theodore. Flora of the Presidency of Bombay. Vol. 1, 2, and 3. Botanical  survey of India, Calcutta (reprint) (1958) @No  
<#LINE#>Periodic Change in the Concentration of Hydrogen peroxide Formed during the Semiconductor Mediated Sonocatalytic treatment of Wastewater: Investigations on pH Effect and Other Operational Variables<#LINE#>K.P.@Jyothi,Joseph@Sindhu,Yesodharan@Suguna,E.P.@Yesodharan<#LINE#>136-149<#LINE#>26.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-24.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> Hydrogen peroxide, formed in situ or externally added, is an important Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) involved in Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) such as sono, photo and sonophoto catalysis being investigated as environment friendly technologies for the treatment of wastewater under ambient conditions.  Among the various ROS such as .OH, HO2., O2- ., H2O2, O2 etc, H2O2 is the most stable and it serves as a reservoir of other ROS. Current investigations on the ZnO and TiO2 mediated sonocatalytic degradation of phenol pollutant in water reveal that, H2O2 formed cannot be quantitatively correlated with the degradation of the pollutant.  The concentration of H2O2 varies in a wavelike fashion (oscillation) with well defined crests and troughs, indicating concurrent formation and decomposition. Both processes are sensitive to the reaction conditions and depending on the externally forced or in situ situation, either of them can predominate.  The degradation of H2O2 continues for some more time even after the sonication has been put off showing that the catalyst has some residual activity. This further confirms that trapped electrons and holes have unusually longer life even after the irradiation is off.  Concentration of H2O2, catalyst loading, dissolved gases, concentration of the organic pollutant, pH etc influence the oscillation. The degradation of phenol is favored in the acidic range with maximum at pH 5.5. The successive maxima and the minima in the oscillation of H2O2 concentration also are higher in the acidic range. The influence of pH on various factors leading to the oscillation in the concentration of H2O2 is unequivocally established from a number of experiments, for the first time in this paper. An appropriate mechanism to explain the complex phenomenon is also proposed.  <#LINE#> @ @  Ying-Shih M., Chi-Fanga S. and  Jih-Gaw L., Degradation of carbofuran in aqueous solution by ultrasound and Fenton processes: Effect of system parameters and kinetic study, J Hazardous Mater., 178, 320-325 (2010) @No $ @ @  Entewrzari M.H., Masoud M. and Ali S.Y., A combination of ultrasound and biocatalyst: Removal of 2-chlorophenol from aqueous solution, Ultrason. Sonochem., 13, 37- 41(2006)  , 136-149 (2013) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci.   International Science Congress Association            148 @No $ @ @ Devipriya S., Yesodharan S, Photocatalytic degradation of pesticide pollutants in water, Solar Energy Mater and Solar Cells,  86, 309-348 (2005) @No $ @ @   Chong M.N., Jin B., Chow C.W.K. and Saint C., New developments in photocatalytic water treatment technology: A review, Water Res., 44, 2997-3027 (2010) @No $ @ @   Anju S.G., Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P. Zinc oxide mediated sonophotocatalytic degradation of phenol in water, Chem. Eng. J. 189-190, 84-93 (2012) @No $ @ @   Joseph C.G, Puma G.L, Bono A and Krishniah D, Sonophotocatalysis in advanced oxidation process:  A short review, Ultrason., Sonochem. 16, 583-589 (2009) @No $ @ @   Moon J,  Yun C.Y, Chung K.W, Kang M.S and  Yi J,  Photocatalytic activation of TiO2 under visible light using Acid red, Catal. Today, 87, 77-86 (2003) @No $ @ @   Pei D, and Luan J, Development of visible light-responsive sensitized photocatalyst,  Int. J. of Photoenergy,   2012, article id 262831, 13 pages (2012) @No $ @ @   Wu C.G, Chao C.C. and Kuo F.T., Enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 catalysts via transition metal modification, Catal. Today,  97, 103-112 (2004) @No $ @ @   Pellegrin Y., Le Pleux L., Blart E., Renaud A., Chavilion B., Szuwarski N, Boujitita M, Cario L, Jobic S,      Jacquemin D and Odobel F, Ruthenium polypyridine complexes as sensitisers in NiO based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells: Effects of the anchoring groups, J Photochem. Photobiol. A-Chem., 219, 235-242 (2011) @No $ @ @  Youngblood J, Lee S.H.A, Maeda K and Mallouk T.E., Visible light water splitting using dye sensitized oxide semiconductors, Acc. Chem.  Res., 42, 1966-1973 (2009) @No $ @ @   Lee D.K., Kim S.C., Cho I.C., Kim S.J. and Kim S.W., Photocatalytic oxidation of microcystine LR in a fluidized bed reactor having TiO2 coated activated carbon, Purification  Technology, 34, 59-66 (2004) @No $ @ @   Li Y., Sun S., Ma M., Ouyang Y. and  Yan W.,  Kinetic study and model of the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B  by a TiO2-coated activated carbon catalyst: Effects of initial RhB content, light intensity and TiO2 content in the catalyst, Chemical  Eng.  J., 142, 147-155 (2008) @No $ @ @   Sakthivel S, Shankar M.V, Palanichamy M, Arabindoo A, Bahnemann D.M and Murugesan B.V, Enhancement of photocatalytic activity by metal deposition: characterization and photonic efficiency of Pt, Au, and Pd deposited on TiO2 catalyst, Wat. Res., 38, 3001-3008 (2004) @No $ @ @   Li F.B. and Li X.Z., Enhancement of photodegradation efficiency using Pt/TiO2 catalyst, Chemosphere, 48  1103-1111 (2002) @No $ @ @   Kotronatou A., Mills G., Hoffmann M.R., Ultrasonic irradiation of p-nitrophenol in aqueous solution, Phys. Chem., 95, 3630-3638 (1991) @No $ @ @   Hartmann J., Bartels P., Mau U., Witter M., Tumpling W.V., Hofmann J., and Nietzschmann E., Degradation of the drug diclofenac in water by sonolysis in presence of catalysts, Chemosphere, 70, 453-461 (2008) @No $ @ @   Gogate P.R., Treatment of wastewater streams containing phenolic compounds using hybrid techniques based on cavitation: a review of the current status and the way forward, Ultrason. Sonochem., 15, 1-15 (2008) @No $ @ @   Torres-Palma R.A., Nieto J.I., Combet E., Petrier C. and  Pulgarin C., An innovative ultrasaound, Fe2+ and TiO2 photo assisted process for bisphenol a mineralization, Water Res. 44, 2245-2252 (2010) @No $ @ @   Davydov L., Reddy E.P., France P. and  Smirniotis P., Sonophotocatalytic destruction of organic contaminants in aqueous systems on TiO2 powders, Appl. Catal.B: Environmental 32, 95-105 (2001) @No $ @ @   Chen Y.C. and Smirniotis P.,  Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of phenol and chlorophenols by ultrasound,  Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 41,5958- 5965 (2002) @No $ @ @  Kritikos D.E., Xekoukoulotakis N.P., Psillakis E., Mantzavinos D., Photocatalytic degradation of reactive black 5 in aqueous solutionds: Effect of operating conditions and coupling with ultrasound irradiation, Water Res. 41, 2236-2246 (2007) @No $ @ @   Anju S.G., Jyothi K.P., Sindhu Joseph, Suguna Yesodharan and Yesodharan E.P., Ultrasound assisted semiconductor mediated catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water: Comarative efficacy of ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2, Res. J. Recent  Sci. 1, 191-201 (2012) @No $ @ @  Nepiras E.A., Acoustic cavitation: An introduction, Ultrasonics, 22, 25-40 (1984) @No $ @ @   Suslick K.S., Crum L.A., in Crocker M.J (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Acoustics, 1, Wiley Inter5science, New York, 271-282 (1997) @No $ @ @   Keck A., Gilbert E. and Koster R., Influence of particles on sonochemical reactions in aqueous solutions, Ultrasonics 40, 661-665 (2002) @No $ @ @  Pulgarin C., Kiwi J., Overview on photocatalytic and electro catalytic pretreatment of industrial non-biodegradable pollutants and pesticides, Chimia, 50, 50-55 (1996) @No $ @ @   Szczepankiewicz S., Moss J.A. and Hoffmann M.R., Slow surface charge trapping on irradiated TiO2, J Phys Chem. B., 106, 2922-2927 (2002) @No $ @ @ , 136-149 (2013) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci.   International Science Congress Association            149 @No $ @ @   Gerischer H and Heller A, The role of oxygen in photooxidation of organic molecules on semiconductor particles, J Phys Chem,  95(13), 5261-5267 (1991) @No $ @ @   Yi J., Bahrini C., Schoemaecker C., Fittschen C., Choi W, Photocatalytic decomposition of H2O2 on different TiO2 surfaces along with the concurrent generation of HO2 radicals monitored using cavity ring down spectroscopy, J Phys Chem. C, 116, 10090-10097 (2012) @No $ @ @  Tachikawa T. and Majima T., Single molecule fluorescence imaging of TiO2 photocatalytic reactions, Langmuir, 25, 7791-7802 (2009) @No $ @ @   Murakami Y., Ohta L., Hirakawa T. and Nosaka Y., Direct detection of OH radicals in the gas phase diffused from the Pt/TiO2 and WO3/TiO2 photocatalysts, Chem.  Phys. Lett., 493, 292-295 (2010) @No $ @ @  Bahrini C., Parker A., schoemaecker C. and Fittschen C., Direct detection of HO2 radicals in the vicinity of TiO2 photocatalytic surfaces using CW-CRDS, Appl. Catal. B, Environ., 99, 413-419 (2010) @No $ @ @   Pardeshi S.K. and Patil A.B., A simple route for photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous zinc ioxide suspension using solar energy, Solar Energy, 82, 700-705 (2008) @No $ @ @   Wu C., Liu X., Wei D., Fan J. and Wang L., Photosonochemical degradation of phenol in water, Wat. Res., 35 3927-3933 ( 2001) @No $ @ @   Serpone N., Terzian R. and Colarusso P., Sonochemical oxidation of phenol and three of its intermediate products in aqueous media: Catechol, hydroquinone and benzoquinone. Kinetic and mechanistic aspects, Res Chem Intermed. 18, 183-202 (1992) @No $ @ @   Augugliaro V., Davi E., Palmisano L., Schiavello M. and Sclafani A., Influence of hydrogen peroxide on the kinetics of phenol photodegradation in aqueous titanium dioxide dispersions, Appl. Catal., 65, 101-109 (1990) @No $ @ @   Jenny B. and Pichat P., Determination of the actual photocatalytic rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition over suspended titania. Fitting to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood form, Langmuir,  7, 947-949 (1991) @No $ @ @   Ilisz I., Foglein K. and Dombi A., The photochemical behavior of H2O2 in near UV-irradiated aqueous TiO2 suspensions, J Mol Catal. A:Chem, 135,  55-61 (1998) @No 
<#LINE#>Electronic structure, Non-linear properties and Vibrational analysis of ortho, meta and para -Hydroxybenzaldehyde by Density Functional Theory<#LINE#>Mishra@HridayN.,RajeshKumar@Srivastava,Vijay@Narayan, Satish@Chand ,AlokKumar@Sachan,VikasKuamr@Shukla,Onkar@Prasad,Leena@Sinha<#LINE#>150-157<#LINE#>27.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-96.pdf<#LINE#> Physics Department, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, INDIA  <#LINE#>1/12/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#> The present communication is aimed at comparing the molecular structural properties, vibrational and energetic data of ortho, meta and para hydroxybenzaldehyde, in gas phase, due to their commercial importance. The ground state properties of the title molecules have been calculated employing DFT/ B3LYP level of theory using the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The mean polarizability of all the three isomers are found to be nearly same in the range 88.415 to 90.933/a.u., but the dipole moment for ortho and meta hydroxybenzaldehyde are calculated to be 5.0201 and 4.9101 Debye whereas the dipole moment for para hydroxybenzaldehyde has slightly lower value at 3.4655 Debye. The first static hyperpolarizability of ‘p’- hydroxybenzaldehyde is found to be 1.5 times higher to that of ‘m’-hydroxybenzaldehyde ad 5 times higher tha ‘o’- hydroxybenzaldehyde. MESP surfaces have also been drawn and compared. In order to obtain a complete description of molecular dynamics, vibrational wavenumber calculation along with the normal mode analysis, have been carried out at the DFT level. The calculated spectra of the molecules agree well with the experimental data.  <#LINE#> @ @  Andersen A, Final report on the safety assessment of benzaldehyde, Int J. Toxicol, (25 Suppl 1), 11-27, (2006) , 150-157 (2013) @No $ @ @ Liu Y., Sakagami H., Hashimoto K., Kikuchi H., Amano O.,Ishihara M., Kanda Y., Kunni S., Kochi M., Zhang W., Yu G.,  Tumor-specific Cytotoxicity and Type of Cell Death Induced by‚ -Cyclodextrin Benzaldehyde Inclusion Compound, Anticancer Research, (28), 229-236 (2008) @No $ @ @   Takeuchi S., Kochi M., Sakaguchi K., Nakagawa K. and Mizutani T., Benzaldehyde as a Carcinostatic Principle in Figs, Agric Biol Chem, (42) 1449-1451 (1978) @No $ @ @   Haraguchi S.K., Silva A.A., Vidotti G.J., Santos P.V. and Garcia F.P., Antitrypanosomal Activity of Novel Benzaldehyde-Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives from Kaurenoic Acid, Molecules, (16) 1166-1180 (2011) @No $ @ @   Itoh T., Akai N. and Ohno K., Journal of Molecular Structure, (786), 39-45 (2006) @No $ @ @   Strand T.G., Tafipolsky M.A., Vilkov L.V. and Volden H.V., The molecular structure of ortho- and meta-fluorobenzaldehyde by joint analysis of gas electron diffraction, microwave spectroscopy and ab initio molecular orbital calculations, Journal of Molecular Structure, (443), 9-16 (1998) @No $ @ @   Bock E. and Tomchuk E., Electric Moments and Conformations of ortho-, meta-, and para-Fluorobenzaldehyde, Canadian Journal of Chemistry, (50) 2890- 2891 (1972) @No $ @ @   Anderson P.D.J., Fernandez M.T., Pocsfalvi G. and Mason R.S., Thermodynamics of gas phase proton transfer reactions involvingsubstituted Benzaldehydes, J.Chem.Soc., Perkin Trans, 2(5), 873-880 (1997) @No $ @ @   Anjaneyulu A. and Rao G.R., Vibrational analysis of substituted benzaldehydes: Part I. Vibrational spectra, normal co-ordinate analysis and transferability of force constants of monohalogenated benzaldehydes Spectrochim. Acta Part A, (55), 749-760 (1999) @No $ @ @   http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/form-ser.html (2012) @No $ @ @  Kohn W. and Sham L.J., Self-consistent equations including exchange and correlation effects, Phys. Rev., (140) 1133–1138 (1965) @No $ @ @   Becke A.D., Density functional thermochemistry. III. The role of exact exchange, J. Chem. Phys., (98) 648– 5652 (1993) @No $ @ @   Lee C., Yang W., Parr R.G., Development of the Colle Salvetti correlation- energy formula into a functional of the electron density, Phys. Rev., (37), 785–789 (1998) @No $ @ @   Miehlich B., Savin A., Stoll A. and Preuss H., Results obtained with the correlation energy density functional of Becke and Lee, Yang and Parr, Chem. Phys. Lett., (157), 200–206 (1989) @No $ @ @   Frisch M.J. et. al. Gaussian 09, Revision A.1, Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford CT (2009) @No $ @ @   Scott A.P. and Random L., Harmonic vibrational frequencies: An evaluation of Hartree–Fock, M�ller– Plesset, quadratic configuration interaction, density functional theory, and semiempirical scale factors, J. Phys.Chem.- US, (100), 16502-16513 (1996) @No $ @ @   Denington II, Roy, Keith T., Millam J., Eppinnett K. Hovell W.L. and Gilliland, R., Gauss View, Version 3.07 Semichem, Inc., Shawnee Mission, KS (2003) @No $ @ @   Jamroz M.H., Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis: VEDA 4 program, Warsaw (2004) @No $ @ @   Kleinman D.A., Nonlinear dielectric polarization in optical media, Phys. Rev. (126) 1977–1979 (1962) @No $ @ @   Pipek J. and Mezey P.Z., A fast intrinsic localization procedure applicable for ab initio and semiempirical linear combination of atomic orbital wave functions, J. Chem. 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<#LINE#>Self-Healing Sensor Network Key Distribution Scheme for Secure Communication<#LINE#>JayKumarShantilal@Patel<#LINE#>158-161<#LINE#>28.ISCA-ISC-2012-5CITS-09.pdf<#LINE#> Computer Science Department, Kadi Sarva VishwaVidyalaya, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, INDIA  <#LINE#>12/10/2012<#LINE#>1/12/2012<#LINE#>  Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of small, low cost sensor nodes which have limited computing and energy resources. As the wireless medium is characterized by its lousy nature, reliable communication is difficult to assume in the key distribution schemes. Therefore, self-healing is a good property for key distribution in wireless applications. How to establish secure session keys is one of the central tasks for wireless sensor network communications. General Key distribution schemes for traditional computer networks could not be directly shifted to wireless sensor network environments. A self-healing key distribution scheme enables a large group of sensor nodes to establish a session key dynamically over an unreliable, or lousy wireless network. The main idea of self-healing key distribution scheme is that users are capable to recover lost session keys on their own, without requesting additional transmission from the group manager that saves the additional communication cost over the network and reduces the network traffic, even if during a certain session some broadcast messages are lost due to network faults.  <#LINE#> @ @  Mewada S. and Singh U., Performance Analysis of Secure Wireless Mesh Networks, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(3), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @  Wang Q., Chen H., Lei X. and Wang K., Long-lived Self-healing Group Key Distribution Scheme in Wireless Sensor Networks, Journal of Networks, 7, 1024-1030, (2012) @No $ @ @  Firdous K., Sajid H., Jong H. and Ashraf M., Secure Group Communication with Self-healing and Rekeying in Wireless Sensor Networks, H. Zhang et al. (Eds.): MSN 2007, LNCS 4864, 737–748, 2007, and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg (2007) @No $ @ @  Jingyuan L., Yafeng W., John A., Sang H., Zhong Z., Tian H., Bong W. and Seong Soon J., Predictive Dependency Constraint Directed Self-Healing for Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE Publication: 978-1-4244-7910-8/10 (2010) @No $ @ @  Biming T., Song H., Jiankun H. and Tharam D., A Mutual Healing Key Distribution Scheme in Wireless Networks, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 34, 80-88 (2011) @No $ @ @  Biming T., Song H., Sazia P., Jiankun H. and Das S., Self-Healing Key Distribution Schemes for Wireless Networks: A Survey, Oxford University Press on behalf of The British Computer Society, March 20 (2011) @No $ @ @  Wang H. and Zhang Y., Cryptanalysis of an Efficient Threshold Self-Healing Key Distribution Scheme,  IEEE Transaction on Wireless Communications, 10(1) (2011) @No $ @ @  Roberto D., Claudio S. and Gene T., Self-Healing in Unattended Wireless Sensor Networks, ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks, 9(4), 39:1-39:19 (2010) @No $ @ @  Minghui S. and Xuemin S., Self Healing Group Wise Key Distribution Schemes With Time Limited Node Revocation for Wireless Sensor Network, Security in Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks, IEEE Wireless Communications, 38-46 (2007) @No $ @ @  Seyed Hossein N., Amir Hossein J. and Vanesa D., A Distributed Group Rekeying Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks, ICSNC 2011: The Sixth International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications(2011) @No $ @ @  Song H., Biming T., Mingxing H. and Elizabeth C., Efficient Threshold Self-Healing Key Distribution with Sponsorization for Infrastructure less Wireless Networks, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communication, 8(4), 1876-1887 (2009) @No $ @ @  Dr. Padmavathi G. and Shanmugapriya D., A Survey of Attacks-Security Mechanisms and Challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, 4(1)  (2009) @No $ @ @  Sasha S., Miodrag P., Vlasios T., Scott Z. and Srivastava M., On Communication Security in Wireless Ad-Hoc Sensor Networks (2002) @No $ @ @  Blundo C., D’Arco P., Santis A., and Listo M., Design of self-healing key distribution schemes, Design Codes Cryptography, 32, 15- 44 (2004) @No $ @ @  Staddon J., Miner S., Franklin M., Balfanz D., Malkin M., and Dean D., Self-healing key distribution with revocation, IEEE Symposium Security Privacy, 224-240 (2002) @No $ @ @  Dutta R. and Mukhopadhyay S., Improved self-healing key distribution with revocation in wireless sensor network, Wireless Communication Networking, 2963-2968 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>Bioleaching of Copper from Low Grade Ore Bornite Using Halophilic Thiobacillus Ferroxidans, N-11<#LINE#>D.B.@Nakade<#LINE#>162-166<#LINE#>29.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-01.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Microbiology, Rajaram College, Kolhapur, MaharashtraState, INDIA  <#LINE#>18/4/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> Bioleaching is a process of extracting minerals from ores using microorganisms. The extraction of copper from low grade ores is today’s need because of gradual depletion of high grade ore. The conventional methods used for extraction of copper from ore is either Pyrometallurgy or Hydrometallurgy, however  both the  methods are not free from the environmental pollution problems and economically very expensive, and requires lots of energy. Bioleaching of mineral is the only method considered as most convincing way to solve these problems, requires very less energy and is free from environmental pollution and other problems. By considering this, In the present study Halophillic Thiobacillus ferroxidans N-11 is explored for bioleaching of copper from low grade ore Bornite. Thiobacillus ferroxidans N-11 isolated from hyper saline soils of Kolhapur district of Maharashtra, India on 9 K medium. It was identified using Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Bioleaching study was carried out in both shake flask as well as bioreactor. Results showed that in the shake flask Thiobacillus ferroxidans N-11 tolerates 35 g/L of Bornite when supplemented with 0.5 g/L of Yeast extract. At 120 rpm and 40 O C temperature, about 72% of copper can be extracted after 22 days by shake flask method and 78% can be extracted by bioreactor study in 20 days. Present study indicated the usefulness of Thiobacillus ferroxidans N-11 in bioleaching of copper from low grade ore Bornite can be used as a potential candidate for bioleaching as a pollution free process.  <#LINE#> @ @  Olson G.J., Brierly J.A. and Brierly C.L., Appl. Microbial Biotechnol, 63 449 (2003) @No $ @ @  Barrett J., Hughes M.N., Karavaiko G.I. and Spencer P.A., Metal extraction by bacteria oxidation of minerals, New York. Ellis Horwood (1993) @No $ @ @  Watling H.R., Hydrometallurgy 84(1-2) 81 (2006) @No $ @ @  Devasia P., Natarajan K.A., Bacterial leaching: Biotechnology in mining industry, Resonance, 27-34 (2004) @No $ @ @  Kelly D.P., Wood A.P., Bacterial leaching, Int.J. Sust.Evol.micro., 50, 511 (2000) @No $ @ @  Rawlings D.E., Annu.Rev.Microbiol, 56-65 (2002) @No $ @ @  Silvermann M.P. and Lundgren D.G., Bacteriol, 77, 642 (1959) @No $ @ @  Williams S.T., Sharpe M.E. and Holt T.J., Bergeys manual of systematic bacteriology’, Vol. III, The Williams and Wilkins co, Baltimore ( 1969) @No $ @ @  Portyrata D.A. and Krichevsky M.I., ‘MICRO-IS, A Microbiological database management and analysis system, Binary, 4, 31-36 (1992) @No $ @ @  Greenburg, A.E., Clesceri L.S. and Eaton A.D., Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 18th ed. Washington: APHA (American Public Health Association) (1992) @No $ @ @  American society for testing and materials(ASTM), Test methods for determining the rate of bioleaching of iron from pyrite by Thiobacillus ferroxidans, designation E 1357-90, In R.A. Storer (ed.), Annual book of ASTM standards, American society for testing and materials, Philadelphia, Pa, (1990) @No $ @ @ , 162-166 (2013) @No $ @ @   Ahonen L. and Tuovinen, O.G., Bacterial leaching of complex sulphide ore samples in bench-scale column reactors, Hudrometallurgy, 37, 1-21 (1995) @No $ @ @   Deng T.L., Liao M.X., Wang M.H., Chen Y.W. and Belzile N., Investigations of accelerating parameters for the biooxidation of low-grade refractory gold ores, Minerals Engineering, 13(14), 1543-1533 (2000) @No $ @ @  Gomez C., Blazquez M.L. and Ballester A., Bioleaching of Spanish complex sulphide ore bulk concentrate, Minerals Engineering, 12(1), 93-106 (1999) @No $ @ @   Wang J., Qin W., Zhang Y., Yang C., Zhang J., Nai S., Shang H., Qiu G., Bacterial leaching of Bornite with native bioleaching microorganism, Trans, nonferrous met.Soc.China, 18, 1468-1472 (2008) @No $ @ @   Ubaldani S., Veglio F., Toro L. and Abbruzzese C., Gold recovery from a refractory pyrrhotite ore by biooxidation, International journal of mineral processing, 60, 247-262 (2000) @No $ @ @   Iglesias N. and Carranza F., Bacterial leaching of copper ore rich in gold and silver: Study of the chemical stage, Minerals engineering, 8(10), 1089-1096 (1995) @No $ @ @   Kanishi Y. and Sataru A., Bioleaching of zinc sulphide concentrate by Thiobacillus ferroxidans, Biotechnol, 12, 133-155, (1992) @No $ @ @   Waksman S.A. and Joffe I.S., Microorganisms concerned with oxidation of sulphur in soil, II. Thiobacillus thiooxidans, a new sulphur oxidising organism isolated from the soil, J. Bacteriol, 7, 239-256 (1922) @No $ @ @   Huber H. and Stetter K.O, Thiobacillus cuprinus sp. Nov., a novel facultatively organotrophic metal-mobilizing bacterium, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 56, 315-322 (1990) @No $ @ @  Huber H. and Stetter, K.O., Thiobacillus prosperus sp, nov., represents a new group of halotolerent metal-mobilizing bacteria isolated from a marine geothermal environment, Arch. Microbiol, 151, 479-485 (1989) @No  
<#LINE#>Carbon Sequestration Potential of Teak (Tectona grandis) Plantations in Kerala<#LINE#>K.K.@Sreejesh,T.P.@Thomas,P.@Rugmini,K.M.@Prasanth,P.K.@Kripa<#LINE#>167-170<#LINE#>30.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-32.pdf<#LINE#> Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#>  Teak (Tectona grandis) is the most important forest plantation species and it occupies the major area under forest plantations in Kerala. In addition to its value as an ideal timber, it also plays an important role in storing carbon. The silviculture of teak necessitates felling at regular intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 years of age. The present study was carried out to estimate the carbon storage in different compartments of teak in each of these felling periods to arrive at an estimate of its carbon sequestration potential. Carbon content of teak biomass was estimated using CHNS analyser. There was slight variation in carbon content between age groups and considerable difference between various parts of the tree. The wood contained around 46%, bark around 32%, branches around 40% and the roots around 45% of carbon. Regression equations were developed to predict the total tree carbon storage from tree measurements. It was found that around 181 ton carbon per hectare is stored by a teak plantation in Kerala during its life time of 50 years by yielding biomass at different stages of thinning operations and at final felling stage.  <#LINE#> @ @  Balagopalan M., Rugmini P. and Chacko K.C., Soil conditions and growth of teak in successive rotations in Kerala State, India. In: Bhat  K. M., Nair  K.K.N., Bhat  K.V., Muralidharan  E.M., and Sharma  J.K. (eds.) Quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management, Proceedings of the international conference on quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management, Peechi, India, 2-5 December 2003, 173-178 (2005) @No $ @ @  Nagesh Prabhu, Teak in Kerala State, India: Past, Present and Future. In: Bhat,  K. M., Nair  K.K.N., Bhat  K.V., Muralidharan  E.M., and Sharma,  J.K. (eds) Quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management, Proceedings of the international conference on quality timber products of teak from sustainable forest management. Peechi, India, 2-5 December 2003, pp. 54-56 (2005) @No $ @ @  Komalirani1 Y., and Sharma R., CO2 Emission Reduction potential through improvements in technology from Civil Aviation Sector in India - A Case of Delhi-Mumbai air route, Res.J.Recent.Sci., 1(ISC-2011) , 134-144 (2012) @No $ @ @  Reddy R.N. and Suvikram Y.V.N.S., CO2 Emission Reduction potential through improvements in technology from Civil Aviation Sector in India - A Case of Delhi-Mumbai air route, Res.J.Recent.Sci. 1(ISC-2011) , 388-397 (2012) @No $ @ @   Metting F.B., Smith J.L and Amthor J.S., Science needs and new technology for soil: Science, monitoring and beyond. In: Proceedings of the St. Michaels workshop, Battelle press, Columbus, Ohio, USA, December 1998 (1999) @No $ @ @   Pastian  K., Six J.,  Elliott E.T and Hunt H.W., Management options for reducing CO2 emissions from agriculture soils, Biogeochem., 48, 147-163 (2000) @No $ @ @ 7. Post W.M., Peng T.H., Emanuel W.R., King A.W., Dale V.H and De Angels D.L., The global carbon cycle, Am.  Sci., 78, 310-326 (1990) @No $ @ @   Yadav R., Soil organic carbon and soil microbial biomass as affected by restoration measures after 26 years of restoration in mined areas of Doon Valley, Int. J. Env. Sci. 2(3), 1380-1385 (2012) @No $ @ @   IPCC, Additional human-induced activities. Article 3.4 In: Watson R.T., Noble I.R., Bolin, B., Ravindranath N. H., Verardo  D.J., Dokken  D.J. (eds.) Land use, land use change and forestry. A special report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 189-217 (2000) @No $ @ @   Montagmini F. and Porras C., Evaluating the role of plantations as carbon sinks: An example of an integrative approach from the humid tropics, Environ. And M, 22, 459-470 (1998) @No $ @ @  Teerawong L., Pornchai U., Usa K., Charlie N., Chetpong B., Jay H.S. and David L.S., Carbon sequestration and offset,  The pilot project of carbon credit through forest sector for Thailand, Int. J. Env. Sci., 3(1), 126-133 (2012) @No $ @ @  Rahman M.H, Bahauddin M, Khan M.A.S.A, Islam M.J and Uddin M.B., Assessment of soil physical properties under plantation and deforested sites in a biodiversity conservation area of north-eastern Bangladesh, Int. J. Envt. Sci., 3(3), 1079-1088 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Heavy Metals and its Fractions in Soils of Koratty Region, Kerala<#LINE#>K.M.@Prasanth,P.P.@Sreekala,Sandeep @S.,P.K.@Kripa,K.K.@Sreejesh<#LINE#>171-176<#LINE#>31.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-33.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Soil Science, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, INDIA  <#LINE#>31/7/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#>  Heavy metal pollution of the environment is a universal problem and the soil often forms a repository of these elements. The developmental activities especially industrialization and high input agriculture contribute to accumulation of heavy metals to toxic levels in the soils. An attempt has been made to estimate the accumulation of heavy metals like iron, zinc, copper, cadmium, lead, nickel and manganese in the soil of Koratty region in central Kerala which has a history of industrialization. The various fractions of these heavy metals namely, exchangeable, reducible, oxidizable and residual fractions were determined to reveal the fate of these metals in soil. The fractionation was done following the BCR process suggested by European Community Bureau of Reference. Iron seemed to be the easily mobilized element, while cadmium and copper were least mobile. The order of mobility in the exchangeable fractions was F&#x0000;eMn&#x0000;Pb&#x0000;N&#x0000;iZn&#x0000;Cu=Cd. The degree of contamination, enrichment factor, and index of geoaccumulation revealed that cadmium, nickel and lead are pollutants in Koratty region of Kerala.  <#LINE#> @ @  Murhekar Gopalkrushna Haribhau, Trace metal contamination of surface water samples in and around Akot city, Maharashtra, India, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(7), 5-9 (2012) @No $ @ @  Nwajei G.E., Obi-Iyeke G.E. and Okwagi P., Distribution of selected trace metals in fish parts from the River Nigeria,  Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(1), 81-84 (2012) @No $ @ @  Sharma Pramila, Fulekar M.H. and Pathak Bhawana, E- Waste – A challenge for tomorrow, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(3), 86-93 (2012) @No $ @ @  Choudhary Ranjeeta , Heavy Metal Analysis of Water of Kaliasote Dam of Bhopal, MP, India, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1 (ISC-2011)  , 352-353 (2012) @No $ @ @   Menc M., Didier V., Loffler M., Gomez A.and Masson P., A mimicked in-situ remediation study of metal contaminated soils with emphasis on cadmium and lead. J.Environ.Qual, 23, 58-63 (1994) @No $ @ @   Chirenje T., Ma L., Reeves M. and Szulczewski M., Lead distribution in near surface soils of two Florida cities: Gainesville and Miami, Geoderma, 119, 113-120 (2004) @No $ @ @   Biqing Shi, Zhaoyu and Lu zhenhua, Environmental pollution and human health, China Environ. Press, (2008) @No $ @ @   Young R.A., Toxicity profiles: Toxicity summary for cadmium risk assessment information system, University of Tennessee (2005) @No $ @ @   Goyer R.A and Clarkson T.W., Toxic effects of metals in Casarett and Doullis, In: Toxicology-The basic science of poisons, 6th edition, Macgraw-Hill, New York, 811-867 (2001) @No $ @ @   Fagbote Emmanuel Olubunmi and Olanipekun Edward Olorunsola, Evaluation of the status of heavy metal pollution of soil and plant of Agbabi bitumen deposit area, Nigeria.Am-Euras, J,Sci.Res., 5(4), 241-248 (2010)  , 171-176 (2013) @No $ @ @     Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of air pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(4), 9-13 (2012) @No $ @ @   Thomas R.P., Ure A.M., Davidson C.M and Little John D., Three –stage sequential extraction procedure for the determination of metals in river sediments, Analytica Chimica Acta, 286, 423-429 (1994) @No $ @ @   Davidson C.M, Duncan A.L, Little John D., Ure A.M and Garden L.M., A critical evaluation of the three stage BCR sequential extraction procedure to assess the potential mobility and toxicity of heavy metals in industrially contaminated land, Analytica Chimica Acta, 363, 45-55 (1998) @No $ @ @   Huu H.H., Rudy S., and Damme A.V., Distribution and contamination status of heavy metals in estuarine sediments near Cau Ong harbor, Ha Long Bay, Vietnam. Geol. Belgica., 13(1-2), 37-47 (2010) @No $ @ @   Rastmanesh F., Moore F.,  Kopaei M.K.,  Keshavarzi B. and Behrouz M. Heavy metal enrichment of soil in Sarcheshmeh copper complex, Kerman Iran, Environ. Earth Sci., 62, 329-336 (2010) @No $ @ @  Muller G., Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine river, J. Geol, 108-118 (1969) @No $ @ @   Tijiani M.N and Onodera S., Hydro geochemical assessment of metal contamination in an urban drainage system: A case study of Osogbo township, SW Nigeria, J. Water resources Prot., 3 (2009) @No $ @ @   Kabata-pendias A. and Mukherjee A.B. Trace elements from soil to human, Berlin, Springer Verlag (2007) @No $ @ @   McGrath S.P., Nickel, In: Heavy metals in soils (2nd edn.) (ed. Alloway, B.J), London, Blackie Academic and Professional (1995) @No $ @ @ Tye A.M., Young S., Crout N.M.J., Zhang H., Preston S., Zhao F.J., and McGrath S.P., Speciation and solubility of Cu, Ni and Pb in contaminated soils, European J. Soil Sci., 55, 579–590 (2004) @No $ @ @   IPCS, Environmental health criteria 108, Nickel, International programme on chemical safety, WHO, Geneva (1991) @No $ @ @  Alloway B.J., Cadmium In: Heavy metals in soils, second edition (Alloway, B.J ed.). Blackie, New York,  122-151 (1995) @No $ @ @   Baranowski R., Rybak A. and Baranowska I. Speciation analysis of elements in soil samples by XRF, Polish J. Environ. Studies, 11, 473-482 (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Determination of Activation Energy from Pyrolysis of Paper Cup Waste Using Thermogravimetric Analysis<#LINE#>R.K.@Singh,Bijayani@Biswal,Sachin@Kumar<#LINE#>177-182<#LINE#>32.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-36.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, INDIA  <#LINE#>22/9/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#>  Paper cups waste represents a valuable source of energy. Therefore, it is studied to determine the quantity of energy obtained from waste of known amount and composition. For a waste to become an energy system, the kinetic parameter of waste is one of the important characteristics that determine the energy obtainable from wastes. TGA has frequently been employed in the kinetic study of the thermal degradation of cellulosic materials. In this work, we have studied the thermo gravimetric analysis of paper cup waste at 2 �C/min, 30�C/min in the air and 30 �C/min in the nitrogen atmosphere and determine the activation energy by using thermogravimetric curves. The Activation energy increases from 17 KJ/mol to 28 KJ/mol with increasing heating rate from 25�C/min to 30�C/min in the air atmosphere. Activation energy is less 22 KJ/mol in nitrogen atmosphere as compared to 28 KJ/mol in air atmosphere at a heating rate of 30�C/min.   <#LINE#> @ @  Comparative Study identifying mug, plastic cup, biodegradable and compostable cups, and paper cups environmental qualities www.eco-collectoor.fr (2012) @No $ @ @  Badger P.C., Ethanol from Cellulose: A General Review, Trends in new crops and new uses, J. Janickand A. Whipkey (eds.), ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA (2002) @No $ @ @  http://www.carbonrally.com/challenges/12-Paper-Coffee-Cups (2012) @No $ @ @  Bassilakis R., Carangelo R.M. and Wojtowicz M.A., TG-FTIR analysis of biomass pyrolysis, Fuel, 80, 1765-1786 (2001) @No $ @ @  Cai Z., Thermal Analysis, Higher Education Press, Beijing, 54–66 (1993) @No $ @ @  Wu C.H., Pyrolysis Kinetics of Paper Mixture in Municipal Solid Waste, J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol., 66, 65-74 (1997) @No $ @ @  David C., Salvador S., Dirion J. L. and Quintard M., Determination of a reaction scheme for cardboard thermal degradation using thermal gravimetric analysis, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 67, 307-323 (2003) @No $ @ @  Garcia A.N., Marcilla A. and Font R., Thermogravimetric kinetic study of the pyrolysis of municipal solid waste, Thermochimica Acta, 254, 277- 304 (1995) @No $ @ @  JIN Yu-qi, Study on the comprehensive combustion kinetics of MSW, J. Zhejiang University Sci., (2003) @No $ @ @  Wu C.H., Pyrolysis Product Distribution of Waste Newspaper in MSW, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol., 60, 41-53 (2002) @No $ @ @  Bhuiyan M.N.A., Ota M., Murakami K. and Yoshida H., Pyrolysis kinetics of newspaper and its gasification. Energy Sour. Part A, 32 108-118 (2010) @No $ @ @  Paradela F., Pinto F., Gulyurtlu I. and Cabrita I., Clean. Techn. Environ. Policy, 11, 115–122 (2009)  , 177-182 (2013) @No $ @ @ Res.J.Recent.Sci  International Science Congress Association            182 13 @No $ @ @ Lin K.S., Wang H.P., Liu S.H., Chang N.B., Huang Y.J. and Wang H.C., Fuel. Proc. Technol, 60, 103–110 (1999) @No $ @ @  Ahmaruzzaman M. and Sharma D.K., Co-processing of petroleum vacuum residue with plastics, coal and biomass and its synergistic effect, Energy Fuels., 21, 891–897 (2007) @No $ @ @  Hirata T., Changes in degree of polymerization and weight of cellulose untreated and treated with inorganic salts during pyrolysis, Bull. Fores. Fore. Prod. Res. Ins., 304, 77-124 (1979) @No $ @ @   Parekh D.B., Parikh P.A. and Rotliwala Y.C., Synergetic pyrolysis of high density polyethylene and Jatropha and Karanj cakes: A thermogravimetric study, J. Renew. Sustain. Energ., 1, 033107 (2009) @No $ @ @  Parikh P.A. and Rotliwala Y.C., Thermal degradation of rice-bran with high density polyethylene: A kinetic study, Korean, J. Chem. Eng., (2010) @No $ @ @   Ramiah M.V., Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 14, 1323 (1970) @No $ @ @  Sorum L., Gronli M. G. and Hustad J. E., Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Municipal Solid Waste Fuel, 80, 1217-122 (2001) @No $ @ @   Modh J.K., Namjoshi SA. and Channiwala S.A., Kinetics and pyrolysis of glossy paper waste. Inter. J. Eng. Res. Appli, 02(02), 1067-1074 (2012) @No $ @ @   Zhang X., Xu M. and Sun R., Study on Biomass Pyrolysis Kinetics, J. Eng. Gas. Turb. Power., 128, 493-496 (2006) @No  
<#LINE#>Wood Characterization studies on Melia dubia cav. for Pulp and Paper Industry at different Age Gradation<#LINE#>V.@Saravanan,K.T.@Parthiban,P.@Kumar,P.@Marimuthu<#LINE#>183-188<#LINE#>33.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-26.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Tree Breeding, Forest College & Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/10/2012<#LINE#>10/11/2012<#LINE#>The study was carried out at Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India using five different age gradations viz.,one, two, three, four and five year old M. dubia wood samples. The samples were collected from the farm plantations raised atKollegal, Samraj Nagar District, Karnataka to evaluate the pulpwood properties. Five age gradations of M. dubia were subjected to physical and chemical analysis coupled with strength properties in order to recommend suitable rotation age for pulp and paper production. All the five age gradations exhibited considerable differences for physical, chemical and strength properties. Considering physical properties viz., bulk and basic density, the fifth year was best. Similarly proximate analysis of five age gradations indicated the difference in chemical properties due to age. In the chemical analysis, the lignin content was moderate for all the age gradation and hence proved their suitability. Holocellulose content also differed significantly for five age gradations, holocellulose constitutes the cellulose and hemi-cellulose which is essential property for pulp and paper production. The pulp yield and kappa number analysis indicated the dominance of fifth year wood due to higher pulp yield (50.00 %) and moderate kappa number (22.00). The strength properties of five age gradation revealed the superiority of fifthyear in terms of tensile index, burst index and tear index of bleached pulp. Considering all theparameters into account, the fifthyear wood proved superior in terms of pulp yield, kappa number and strength properties. Hencethis study recommended five year rotation for pulpwood plantation. <#LINE#> @ @  Gamble S.J., A Manual of Indian Timbers: An Account of the Growth, Distribution and Uses of the Trees and Shrubs of India and Ceylon with Description of Their Wood-Structure, International, Reprint, xxvi, 868 (2002) @No $ @ @  Parthiban K.T., Bharathi A.K.R., Seenivasan K., Kamala and Rao M.G., Integrating Melia dubia in Agroforestry farms as an alternate pulpwood species, APA News., 34, 3-4 (2009) @No $ @ @  Dogra A.S., Contribution of Trees Outside Forests Toward Wood Production and Environmental Amelioration, Indian J. Ecol., 38 (Special Issue), 1-5 (2011) @No $ @ @  FAO., Global Forest Resources Assessment. FAO Forestry Paper 163. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome (2010) @No $ @ @  Salkia C.N., Ali F., Dass N.N., and Baruah J.N., High alpha-cellulose pulp from fast growing plant materials, I.E.(I) Journal., 71, 72-76 (1991) @No $ @ @  TAPPI. Standard and suggested methods. Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry, New York, 200-265 (1980) @No $ @ @  Anon., Advances in pulp and paper research, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehra Dun (1992) @No $ @ @  Ahmad M. and Kamke F.A., Analysis of Calcutta bamboo for structural composite materials: Physical and mechanical properties, Wood Sci Technol., 39(4), 448-459 (2005) @No $ @ @  Mcdonough T.J., Courchene C.E., White D.E., Schimleck L., and Peter G., Effects of loblolly pine tree age and wood properties on linerboard-grade pulp yield and sheet properties: Part 1-Effects on pulp yield, TAPPI J., 9, 45-53 (2011) @No $ @ @  Izekor D.N., Fuwape J.A., and Oluyege A.O., Effects of density on variations in the mechanical properties of plantation grown Tectona grandis wood. Scholars Research Library, Arch. App. Sci. Res., 2(6), 113-120 (2010) @No $ @ @  Shukla S.R., Rao R.V., Sharma S.K., Kumar P., Sudheendra R. and Shashikala S., Physical and mechanical properties of plantation-grown Acacia auriculiformis of three different ages, Aust For., 70(2), 86-92 (2007) @No $ @ @  Vennila S., Pulpwood traits, genetic and molecular characterization of Eucalyptus genetic resources. Ph.D thesis. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (2009) @No $ @ @  Storebraten S., Sulfa tfabrikken – virkesforsyningens soppelplass Foredrag i PTF, Masseteknisk gruppe, 9 Oktober, Oslo, Norway. 25 (1990) @No $ @ @  Rao R.V., Kothiyal V., Sreevani P., Shashikala S., Naithani S. and Singh S.V.,  Yield and strength roperties of pulp of some clones of Eucalyptus tereticornis,  Indian For., 125(11), 1145-1151 (1999) @No $ @ @  Goel  V.L. and Behl H.M., Fuelwood quality of promising species for alkaline soil sites in relation to tree age, Biomass Bioenergy., 10(1), 57-61 (1996) @No $ @ @  Khiari R., Mhenni M.F., Belgacem M.N. and Mauret E., Chemical composition and pulping of date palm rachis and Posidonia oceanic - A comparison with other wood and non-wood fiber sources, Bioresour Technol., 101, 775-780 (2010) @No $ @ @  Lopez F., Garcia J.C., Perez A., Garciam M.M.,  Feria M.J. and Tapias R., Leucaena diversifolia a new raw material for paper production by soda-ethanol pulping Process, Chem Eng Res Des., In press. 9 (2009)  , 183-188 (2013) @No $ @ @   Ververis C., Georghiou K., Hristodoulakis N., Santas P., and Santas R., Fiber dimensions, lignin and cellulose content of various plant materials and their suitability for paper production, Ind crop prod., 19, 245-254 (2004) @No $ @ @   Kasiviswanathan K.S., Utilization of bagasse for paper making- An overview, IPPTA J., 10 (3), 9 – 14 (1998) @No $ @ @   Lopez F., Garcia M.M., Yanez R., Tapias R., Fernandez M. and Diaz M.J., Leucaena species valoration for biomass and paper production in 1 and 2 year harvest, Bioresour Technol., 99, 4846-4853 (2008) @No $ @ @   Lal M., Dutt D., Tyagi C.H., Upadhyay J.S. and Upadhyay S., Characterization of Anthocepthalus cadamba and its delignification by kraft pulping, TAPPI J., 3, 30-37 (2010) @No $ @ @  Diaz M.J., Garcia M.M., Eugenio M.E., Tapias R., Fernandez M. and Lopez F., Variations in fiber length and some pulp chemical properties of Leucaena varieties, Ind crop prod., 26, 142-150 (2007) @No $ @ @   Khristova P., Kordsachia O. and Khider T., Alkaline pulping with additives of date palm rachis and leaves from Sudan, Bioresour Technol., 96, 79-85 (2005) @No $ @ @   Anon., Advances in pulp and paper research in India. Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehra Dun (1982) @No $ @ @   Guha S.R.D., Summary of investigation on the suitability of indigenous broad leaved woods for production of sulphate pulps for writing and printing papers, Indian For., 95(8), 579-590 (1969) @No $ @ @   Seth R.S., Jang H.F., Chan B.K. and Wu C.B., Transverse dimensions of wood pulp fibres and their implications for end use. The fundamentals of papermaking materials. 11th Fundamental Research Symposium, Cambridge, Vol. I. Pira International, Surrey, UK. 473-503 (1997) @No $ @ @   Gillah P.R. and Ishengoma R.C., Kraft pulping of Leucaena leucocephala grown in Morogoro, Tanzania. Holz als Rob- und Werkstoff., 51, 353-356 (1993) @No  
<#LINE#>Genetic Variations among Open Pollinated Families of Selected Better Trees in Melia Dubia<#LINE#>P.@Kumar,K.T.@Parthiban,V.@Saravanan<#LINE#>189-194<#LINE#>34.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-27.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu, INDIA  <#LINE#>22/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> Twenty open pollinated families in Melia dubia were selected and evaluated for growth attributes and genetic divergence. The experiment was conducted at Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University; Mettupalayam situated at 11° 19‟ N longitude, 76° 56‟ E latitude at 300 MSL during January - December 2010. The study indicated significant differences among the selected families for various growth attributes. Among 20 open pollinated families evaluated, three families viz., FCRIMD 11, FCRIMD 14 and FCRIMD 15 exhibited consistent superiority over growth periods for height, basal diameter and volume index. Genetic divergence studies resulted in grouping of the selected families into six clusters which indicated the existence of adequate genetic divergence. Among the clusters, cluster I was the largest with 10 open pollinated families. While the maximum intra cluster distance was recorded in cluster II. The intra and inter cluster distance revealed that maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster I and VI which indicated the presence of wide genetic distance between Melia dubia open pollinated families. Among the various growth attributes, volume index contributed maximum towards genetic divergence followed by plant height. These two characters could act as a reliable indicator for future improvement programme in this economically important species. Genetic analysis of the families indicated adequate variability in the population. The PCV and GCV estimates exhibited superiority of volume index followed by basal diameter and plant height. Whereas, plant height and volume index exhibited moderate heritability. The genetic advance was high for volume index followed by plant height which indicated the reliability of these two parameters for inclusion in future improvement programme.   <#LINE#> @ @  Rawat M.S., Emmanuel C.J.S.K. and Uniyal D.P., Macropropagation in forestry species, Indian For, 120(2), 124-137 (1994) @No $ @ @  Parthiban K.T., Akilesh Kumar Bharathi., Seenivasan R., Kamala K. and Govinda Rao M., Integrating Melia dubia in Agroforestry farms as an alternate pulpwood species, APANews., 34, 3-4 (2009) @No $ @ @  Hatchell G.E., In: Proc. Third Bic. South S. I. Res. Conf. (Ed. Shoulders, E.), Atlanta, G.A. Nov, 1978 G.T.R. 54-80 395-402 (1985) @No $ @ @  Panse V.G. and Sukhatme P.V., Statistical methods for Agricultural workers, ICAR Publication, New Delhi (1978) @No $ @ @  Mahalanobis P.C., On the generalized distance in statistics. Proceedings, National Institute of Science, India, 49-55 (1928) @No $ @ @  Rao C.R., Advanced statistical methods in biometrical research. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 357-363 (1952) @No $ @ @  Burton G.W., Quantitative inheritance in grass, Proc. Sixth Int. Grassland Cong., 7, 277-283 (1952) @No $ @ @  Lush K.I., Intrasite correlation and regression of spring on dams as a method of establishing heritability of characters, Proc. Amer. Soc. Animal Production, 33, 293-301 (1940) @No $ @ @  Johnson H.W., Robinson H.F. and Comstock R.E., Genotypic and Phenotypic correlations on soyabean and their implications in selection. Agron. J., 47, 477-483 (1955) @No $ @ @  Jamaludheen V., Gopikumar K. and Sudhakara K., Variability studies in Lagerstroemia (Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers.), Indian For, 121(2) 137-141(1995) @No $ @ @  Zobel B.J., Vegetative propagation in forest management operations. In: Proc, 16th South for Tree Improv, Meet, Blacksburg, Virginia, 149-159 (1981) @No $ @ @  Tewari D.N., Biodiversity and forest genetic resources. IBD, Pub: ICFRE, Dehradun, 329 (1994) @No $ @ @  Mandal A.K. and Gupta B.N., Isozyme differentiation in two subspecies of Acacia nilotica. Proc. of Indian National Science Academy, Part B. Biological Sci, 61(1), 39-42 (1996) @No $ @ @  Williams J.G.K., Kubelik A.R., Livak K.J., Rafalski J. A., Tingey S.V., DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitary primers are useful as genetic markers,  Nucleic Acids Res., 18, 6531-6535 (1990) @No $ @ @  Mohapatra and Singhal, Role of molecular markers in biodiversity conservations, Ann. For., 8(1), 1-7 (2000) @No $ @ @  Bagchi S.K., Genetic divergence in Tectona grandis. Ann. For., 8(1), 25-37 (2000) @No $ @ @  Subramanian K.N., Nicodemus A. and Radhamani A., Teak improvement in India, Forest Gen Res, 22, 33-36 (1994) , 189-194 (2013) @No $ @ @   Chaturvedi  O.P. and  Pandey N., Genetic Divergence in Bombax ceiba L.Germplasms, Silvae Gene, 50 (3-4), 99-102 (2001) @No $ @ @   Anil Kant, Vaishnu Dutt. and Sharma D.R., Genetic variability in phenotypic characters of Pinus gerardiana. Indian. For., 681-690 (2006) @No $ @ @   Paramathma M., Studies on genetic inheritance and interspecific crosses of Eucalyptus. Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (1992) @No $ @ @   Tewari S.K., Subhanjana., Shukla A.K., Pandey SBS., Genetic Divergence in Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb), Indian J. For., 25 (1), 21-24 (2002) @No $ @ @  Chauhan S.K. and Sehgal R.N., Genetic diversity among progenies of Himalayan long Pine, Indian J. For., 24(1), 65-71 (2001) @No $ @ @   Vennila S., Pulpwood traits, genetic and molecular characterization of Eucalyptus genetic resources. Ph.D thesis. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (2009) @No $ @ @   Arun Prasad K.C.A., Variability studies in teak (Tectona grandis  Linn. F.). M.Sc. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (1996) @No $ @ @   Kumar A., Luna R.K., Parveen. and Kumar V., Variability in growth characteristics for different genotypes of Eucalyptus tereticornis (SM), Journal of For Res, 21(4), 487-491 (2010) @No $ @ @  Dhillon R.S., Bisla S.S., Arya S. and Hooda M.S., Genetic variation, heritability and correlations for growth parameters in Azadirachta indica, A. Juss. Ann. For., 11(2), 215-221 (2003) @No $ @ @   Dogra A.S., Nautiyal S., Nautiyal D.P. and Singh G., Evaluation of field performance of 34 progenies of Dalbergia sissoo in Punjab, Ann. For., 13(2), 199-204 (2005) @No $ @ @   Apiolaza L.A., Raymond C.A. and Yeo  B.J., Genetic variation of physical and chemical wood properties of Eucalyptus globules, Silvae gene, 42(1), 9-15 (2005) @No $ @ @   Raymond C.A., Genetics of Eucalyptus wood properties, Annals of For Sci, 59, 525-531  (2002) @No $ @ @ Osorio L.F., White T.L. and Huber D.A. Age trends of heritability and geno-type-by-environment interactions for growth traits and wood density for clonal Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden, Silvae gene, 50(3/4), 108-117 (2001) @No $ @ @  Devagiri G.M., Singh J.M., Romesh Chand. and Srivastava L.J., Genetic variability in Heracleum candicans, Indian J. Genet., 57(3), 280-286 (1997) @No  
<#LINE#>Air Pollution Induced changes in Foliar Morphology of two shrub species at Indore city, India<#LINE#>Shweta@Tiwari<#LINE#>195-199<#LINE#>35.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-16.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Botany, P.M.B. Gujarati Science College, Indore, INDIA  <#LINE#>11/8/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> The use of plants as monitors of air pollution has long been established as plants are the initial acceptors of air pollution. In Indian cities, unplanned development of industrial and residential areas has further added to this problem. The Total pollution stress of an area affects the growth of various plants in non-uniform manner. Therefore various plant parameters can be used to measure the effect of pollution. Effect of air pollution on two shrub species viz. Calotropis gigantia and Ipomoea Fistulosa at three sampling sites of Indore city were studied. The parameters examined were fresh and dry weight of leaves, L/B ratio, specific leaf area (L/D ratio), size of stomata and stomatal index of the plants growing in polluted habitats. Dust particulates remain in air for varying length of time and get deposited on various plant parts of the plants; especially on leaf surface and affect vegetation of the areas.  <#LINE#> @ @  Ahmad K.J. and Yunus M., Leaf surface characteristics as indicators of air pollution Symp, Biomonitoring state Environ., 254-257 (1985) @No $ @ @  Byres D.P., Dean T.J. and Johson J.D., Long term effects of ozone and stimulated acid rain on the foliage dynamics of slash pine. (Pinus elliotivar. Ellioti. Englem), New Phytol., 120, 61-67 (1992) @No $ @ @  Data S.C. and Sinhoroy S., Leaf surface effects of environmental pollution of Putranjiva roxburghii, Current science, 56(23) (1987) @No $ @ @  Gostin I., Air Pollution Effects on the Leaf Structure of some Fabaceae Species, Not.bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj, 37 (2) 57-63 (2009) @No $ @ @  Gupta M.C. and Ghouse A.K.M., The effects of coal smoke pollution on the leaf epidermal architecture in Solanum melongena L. variety pusa people long, Environmental pollution. Ser. A., 41(4), 315-21(1986) @No $ @ @  Joshi O.P., Evaluation of air pollution damage due to sulphur dioxide, Ph.D. thesis, Devi Ahilya University, 192 (1989) @No $ @ @  Pawar K. and Dubey P.S., Effect of air pollutants on photosynthetic pigments of Ipomoea fistulosa and Phoenix sylvesti,  All India seminars on air pollution control, Indore April 19-21 (1982) @No $ @ @  Salgare S.A. and Thorat V.B., Effect of auto-exhaust pollution at Andheri (west) Bombay on the micro morphology of some trees, Journal of Ecobiology, 2(4), 267-272 (1990) @No $ @ @  Steubing L. and Fangmeier A., SO2 sensitivity of plant communities in a beach forest, Environ. Pollut, 44, 297-306 (1987) @No $ @ @  Tripathi A.K. and Mukesh Gautam., Biochemical parameters of plants as indicators of air pollution, J. Environ. Biol., 28, 127-132 (2007) @No $ @ @  Varshney C.K. and Garg K.K., Significance of leaf surface characteristics in plant responses to air pollution, Water, Air and Soil pollution, 14, 429-433 (1980) @No  
<#LINE#>A Current Scenario of Implementation of Integrated Pest Management Techniques to Combat Global Warming<#LINE#>P.K.@Sharma,U.@Kumar,S.@Shrivastava<#LINE#>200-203<#LINE#>36.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-38.pdf<#LINE#>Research scholars Zoology, Government P.G. College, Kota, Rajasthan, INDIA @ Lecturer in Zoology, Government P.G. College, Kota, Rajasthan, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/11/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#>  Global warming has recently been highlighted as a major threat for all the living beings on earth. In the current scenario the agriculture ecosystem significantly plays a role in global warming, indirectly, because of heavy quantities of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used to increase the yield. Through the increasing use of nitrogen fertilizer, which is added at a rate of 1 billion tons per year presently to the already existing amount of reactive nitrogen. Nitrous oxide (NO), has become the third most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane. For reducing above mentioned problem in agriculture ecosystem, IPM (Integrated Pest Management) is one of the most suitable programme which establishes chemical use on a need basis only. The current study based on chickpea crop field for controlling Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) through some IPM techniques during 2009-2010,  revealed that first appearance of Helicoverpa armigera larvae in IPM treated plot was in the 2nd week of February while in control plot (with net) it was in 2nd week of January. The total grain yield in IPM plot was 15.20 q/ha whereas in control plot (with net) it was 10.12 q/ha recorded. The maximum number of larvae/10 plants in control plot  (with net) was 24.0 but in IPM treated plot the maximum number of larvae/10 plants was only 10.33 recorded. Hence we can combat with global warming through IPM techniques by minimizing the quantity of chemical insecticides and fertilizers. <#LINE#> @ @ Miller G.T., Sustaining the earth, 6th edition, Thompsone learning, Inc. pacific grove, California, , 211-216 (2004)  , 200-203 (2013) @No $ @ @ Gokhale V.G. and Ameta O.P., Predatory behavior of house  sparrow, Passer domesticus L. in the populotion regulation of Heliothis sp. infesting chickpea, Cicer arietinum,Indian Jour. Ent., 53, 631-634 (1991) @No $ @ @  Gopali J.B. and Lingappa S., Integrated management of Pigeonpea pod borer, involving HaNPv and insectivorus birds, Jour. Agri.l sci.,Karnataka, 14(1), 58-61 (2001) @No $ @ @  Dash A.N., Mahaptra H., Pradhan A.C. and Patnaik N.C., Effect of mixed and inter cropping on occurrence of some pest in orrisa, Environ. Eco.,5(3), 526-530 (1987) @No $ @ @  Visalakshmi V., Ranga G.V. and Rao A., Integrated pest management strategy against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in chickpea, Indian Jour. of Pl. Prot., 33(1), 17-22 (2005) @No $ @ @  Srinivasan G.,  Babyrani W. and Indira K., Impact of IPM modules on bollworm damage in irrigated cotton, Indian Jour. Ent., 69(3), 244-249 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>Present Investigations on the few Specific Parameters of Nirmal Lake waters at Vasai, Maharashtra, India<#LINE#>R.@RautSonali,M.@DeshbhratarShantaj,VijayK.@Hile,AnkitaJ.@Singh<#LINE#>204-211<#LINE#>37.ISCA-ISC-2012-2AVFS-30.pdf<#LINE#>Zoology Dept, Bhavans H. Somani College, Chowpatty, Mumbai-7, INDIA @ Botany Dept., Bhavans H. Somani College, Chowpatty, Mumbai-7, INDIA @ Shri Chandulal Nanavati Vinay Mandir, Vile Parle, Mumbai, INDIA <#LINE#>10/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Nirmal Lake is about 50 kms. from Mumbai, situated in Nirmal village near Vasai town, Thane district, Maharashtra at 19� 23� 29�� N and 72� 46� 57�� E. Nirmal Lake comprises of 2 ponds namely Vimal and Malai that are separated by a tar-road for public use. The two ponds are inter-connected with each other by an internal drainage system. The lake waters are utilized for a variety of purposes including ritual ceremonies, domestic and agricultural purposes. Water serves many beneficial purposes- primarily drinking and others such as domestic, industrial, agricultural purposes, for stock and wild-life, propagation of aquatic life, aesthetic enjoyment etc. Regular monitoring of waters is of paramount importance as a relationship can be established between different parameters that can indicate the status of a habitat. The current investigations are carried out to analyze certain specific parameters required to establish and notify the quality and sustainability for varied purposes. Our observations suggest that by adopting and implementing modern scientific-cum-technological measures, the lake can be reconstituted for a variety of purposes.  <#LINE#> @ @  Adefemi S.O., Physicochemical and Microbiological Assessment of Groundwater from Ijan-Ekitisouth Western Nigeria, Environmental Research Journal, 6(5), 316-320 (2012) @No $ @ @  APHA, Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water (10th Ed.) Washington, DC.; American Public Health Association, (1985) @No $ @ @  Goldman C.R. and Horne A.J., Limnology International student edition, Mc Grow-Hill, International Book Company London PP, 197 to 220 (1983) @No $ @ @  Jayaraju P.B., Prasadrao G.D.V. and Sharma S.V.,: Seasonal variation in physic chemical parameters and diversity in the flora and fauna of the river Munneru, A Tributery to river Krishna (A.P), India, Aqua Biol, 9, 19-22 (1994) @No $ @ @  Trivedi R.K. and Goel P.K., Chemical and biological methods for water pollution studies environmental publications, Karad, (1986) @No $ @ @  Murhekar Gopalkrushna H., Assessment of Physico-Chemical Status of Ground Water Samples in Akot City, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(4), 117-124 (2011) @No $ @ @  Manivaskam N., Physicochemical examination of water sewage and industrial effluent, 5th Ed. Pragati Prakashan Meerut, (2005) @No $ @ @  McKee J.E. and Wolf H.W., water quality criteria publication no3-A, California State Water Resources control board, (1976) @No $ @ @  Satynarayan Shanta, Chaudhari P.R. and Dhadse Sharda, Limnological Study on Lonar Lake: A Unique Brackish Crator Lake in India, Proceedings of Taal, The 12th World Lake Conference, 2061-2066, (2008) @No $ @ @  Kolo R.J., The assessment of Physico-Chemical parameters of Shiroro Lake and its major tributaries, In: Eyo A.A. (Ed) proc. of the annual conf. of Fishers Soc. of Nigeria, 262-268 (1996) @No $ @ @  Gupta S.M., Bhatnagar and Jain R., Physico-Chemical characteristics and analysis of Fe and Zn in tube well water and sewage water of Bikaner City, Asian J. Chem., 15, 727 (2003) @No $ @ @  Sangapal R.R., Kulkarni U.D. and Nandurkar Y.M, Assesment of the physic-chemical properties to study the pollution potential of Ujjani reservoir, Solapur District, India, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 6(3) (2011) @No $ @ @  Patil J.V, Ekhande A.P, and Padate G.S., Study of Lotus Lake: Its abiotic factors their correlation with reference to seasonal changes and altitude, Annals of Biological Research, 2(4), 44 (2011) @No $ @ @  Wetzel R.G. and W. Junk, Periphyton of freshwater ecosystems, The Hague A.(Ed), 339 - 346 (1983) @No $ @ @  Srivastav Neera, Garima Harit and Srivastava Rama, A Study of Physicochemical Characteristics of Lakes around Jaipur, India, 30(5), 889-894 (2009) @No $ @ @  Murhekar Gopalkrushna H., Assessment of Physico-Chemical Status of Ground Water Samples in Akot City, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(4), 117-124 (2011) @No $ @ @  Manjare S.A., Vhanalakar S.A. and Muley D.V., Analysis of Water Quality Using Physico-Chemical Parameters Tamdalge Tank in Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 1(2), 115-119 (2010) @No $ @ @  Sangapal R.R., Kulkarni U.D. and Nandurkar Y.M, Assesment of the physic-chemical properties to study the pollution potential of Ujjani reservoir, Solapur District, India, Research Journal of Chemical Sciences, 6(3) (2011) @No $ @ @  Tekade P.V., Mohabansi N.P. and Patil V.B., Study of physico chemical properties of effluents from soap industry in Vardha, RASAYAN J.Chem, 4(2), 461, (2011)   @No 
<#LINE#>Taxonomic position of Bipolaris oryzae among other Cochliobolus species using Ribosomal region and some Protein Coding genes<#LINE#>Z.@Tazick,M.A.@TajickGhanbary<#LINE#>212-216<#LINE#>38.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-40.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Plant Protection, Sari Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources University, Sari , IRAN @ Dept. of Microbiology, Genetics & Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari, IRAN <#LINE#>14/10/2012<#LINE#>26/1/2013<#LINE#> Using of gene sequence data to clarify evolutionary relationships and determine taxonomic status of organisms, including fungi, is common nowadays. This study investigates taxonomic position of Bipolaris oryzae among the genus Cochliobolus. For this purpose ITS rDNA and partial sequences of translation elongation factor (TEF1-α)‌and‌second‌largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2) were analyzed with Neighbor joining methods. Cochliobolus can be segregated into two groups as previously proposed and B. oryzae placed with C. sativus and C. heterostrophus. Generally, the results of all three markers were the same and in congruent with previous studies. It seems that, this part of TEF gene wasn’t‌able‌to‌break‌up‌species‌of‌Cochliobolus‌correctly‌but,‌RPB2‌is‌a‌good‌marker‌for‌determination‌of‌taxonomic position of ambiguous species of this genus.  <#LINE#> @ @  Drechsler ex Dastur, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 12, 733 (1942) @No $ @ @  Scheffer RP, The nature of disease in plants,  Cambridge University Press, (1997) @No $ @ @  Gangopadhyay S. & Padmanabhan S. Y., Breeding for disease resistance in rice,  340 Oxford & IHB Publishing Co. Calcatta, (1987) @No $ @ @  Sivanesan A., Graminicolous Species of Bipolaris, Curvularia, Drechslera, Exserohilum and their teleomorphs, Mycologia 158, 1-261 (1987) @No $ @ @  Shoemaker R.A., Bipolaris oryzae, Can. J. Bot., 37, 883 (1959) @No $ @ @  Barron L. George in The genera of Hyphomycetes from soil     363 P, Robert E. Krieger publishing co., INC. Malabar, Florida, (1971) @No $ @ @  Manamgoda D.S., Cai L., Bahkali A.H. and Chukeatirote E. and Hyde K.D., Cochliobolus, an overview and current status of species, fugal diversity, 53, 3-40, doi:10.1007/s13225-011-0139-4 (2011) @No $ @ @  Hyde K.D. et al., A‌case‌for‌reinventory‌of‌Australia’s‌plant‌pathogens, persoonia 45, 50-61, doi:10.3767/003158510 X548668 (2010) @No $ @ @  Caligiorne R.B., Resende M.A., Paiva E. and Azevedo V., Use of RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) to analyse genetic diversity of dematiaceous fungal pathogens, Can. J. Microbiol., 45, 408-412 (1999) @No $ @ @  Berbee M.L., Pirseyedi M. and Hubbard S., Cochliobolus Phylogenetics and the origin of known, highly virulent pathogens, inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences, Mycologia, 91, 964-977 (1999) @No $ @ @  Cai L., Jeewon R. and K.D., H. Phylogenetic evaluation and taxonomic revision of Schizothecium based on ribosomal DNA and protein coding genes, Fung Divers, 19, 1–21 (2005) @No $ @ @  White T.J., Bruns T., Lee S. and Taylor J.W., Amplificatin and Direct Sequencing of Fungal Ribosomal RNA Genes for Phylogenetics, Academic press, INC, 315-323 (1990) @No $ @ @  Vilgalys R., Hopple J.S., JR and Hibbett DS Phylogenetic Implications of Generic Concepts in Fungal Taxonomy, The impact of molecular systematic studies, mycological helvetica 6, 73-91 (1994) @No $ @ @  Hall, T. BioEdit v.7.0.1. Isis Pharmaceuticals, (2004) @No $ @ @  Kodsueb R. et al, The family Pleosporaceae: intergeneric relationships and phylogenetic perspectives based on sequence analyses of partial 28S rDNA, Mycologia 98(4), 571–583 (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Aquatic Macroinvertebrates as Bioindicators of Stream Water Quality- A Case Study in Koratty, Kerala, India<#LINE#>P.K.@Kripa,K.M.@Prasanth,K.K.@Sreejesh,T.P.@Thomas<#LINE#>217-222<#LINE#>39.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-34.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Soil Science, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/9/2012<#LINE#>1/1/2013<#LINE#> The paper discusses the results of an attempt to test the suitability of aquatic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators of stream water quality in a natural water course locally referred as Koratty chal that runs through the length of agricultural lands in Koratty region. Rapid bioassessment protocol recommended by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was followed utilizing Kicknet and D’net of 500µm mesh size to sample the macroinvertebrates. Family Biotic Index (FBI) calculated using the tolerance value of different taxa showed that there was remarkable variation in water quality along the stream. FBI values were around 4.1-5.0 in upstream reaches indicating good water quality. Deterioration of water quality downstream was evidenced in the FBI value of 5.3-5.5 in the mid reaches and 6.0-6.5 in the lower reaches. These values were also found to be in conformity with the water quality as assessed at the biomonitoring sites. It is thus concluded that biomonitoring is feasible in such streams in the region to obtain a quick assessment of water quality.  <#LINE#> @ @  Murhekar Gopalkrushna Haribhau, Trace metal contamination of surface water samples in and around Akot city, Maharastra, India,  Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(7), 5-9(2012) @No $ @ @  Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of air pollution on pH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India Res. J. Recent Sci., Res .J. Recent Sci., 1(4), 9-13(2012) @No $ @ @  Nwajei G.E., Obi-Iyeke G.E. and Okwagi P., Distribution of selected trace metals in fish parts from the River Nigeria,  Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(1), 81-84(2012) @No $ @ @  Sharma Pramila, Fulekar M.H. and Pathak Bhawana, E- Waste–A challenge for tomorrow, Res. J Recent Sci., 1(3), 86-93(2012) @No $ @ @  Choudhary Ranjeeta, Heavy Metal Analysis of Water of Kaliasote Dam of Bhopal, MP, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1 (ISC-2011) , 352-353 (2012) @No $ @ @  Mhatre G.N. and Panthurst C.E., Bio indicators to detect contamination of soils with special reference to heavy metals, In Pankhurst, C.E., Double, B.M., Gupta, V. V. S. R (eds), Biological indicators of soil health, CAB Intl, pp, 349 – 369 (1997) @No $ @ @   Kitching R.L., Orr A.G., Thalib L., Mitchell H., Hopkins, M.S. and Graham A.W., Moth assemblages as indicators of environmental quality in remnants of upland Australian rain forest, J. Appl. Ecol., 37, 284-297 (2000) @No $ @ @   Davis A.J., Hollowary, J. D., Huijbegts H., Krikken I., Ashley H., Spriggs K. and Sutton S.L., Dung beetles as indicators of change in the forests of northern Borneo, J. Appl. Ecol., 38, 593-616 (2001) @No $ @ @   McGeoch M. A., The selection, testing and application of terrestrial insects as bio indicators, Biol. Rev. Cambridge Phil. Soc., 73, 181-201 (1998) @No $ @ @  Sharma C. and Rawat J.S., Monitoring of aquatic macro invertebrates as bio indicator for assessing the health of wetlands, A case study in the central Himalayas, India, Ecol. Indicators, 9, 118-128 (2009) @No $ @ @  Thorne R. St. J. and Williams W.P., The response of benthic invertebrates to pollution in developing countries, A multi metric system of bio assessment, Freshwater Biol., 37, 671-686 (1997) @No $ @ @   Kazanci, N. and Dugel M., Ordination and classification of macro invertebrates and environmental data of stream in Turkey, Water Sci. Technol., 47, 7-8 (2000) @No $ @ @  Mason W.T., Jr. A rapid procedure for assessment of surface mining impact to aquatic life, In: Coal conference and Expo V (Symposium proceedings). October 23-25, 310-323 (1979) @No $ @ @   Plafkin J.L., Barbour M.T., Porter K.D, Gross. S.K. and Hughes R.M, Rapid bio assessment protocols for use in streams and rivers, benthic macro invertebrates and fish, U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Regulations and Standards, Washington DC,  EPA 440-4-89-001(1989) @No $ @ @   Hielsenhoff W.L., Rapid field assessment of organic pollution with a family- level biotic index, J. North Am. Benthol Soc., 7, 65-68  (1988) @No $ @ @   CCME, Canadian environmental quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life, CCME water quality index, Technical Report 1 (2001) @No $ @ @   Wilcoxon F., Individual comparisons by ranking methods, Biometrics Bulletin, 1(6), 80-83 (1945) @No $ @ @   Kenneth M.M., Biological effects of industrial pollution, J. Wildlife Diseases, 6, 343-346 (1970) @No $ @ @ , 217-222 (2013) @No  
<#LINE#>Production of Neem Oil Methyl Ester (NOME) from Oscillatory Baffled Reactor<#LINE#>M.@RamningAmol,PriyaS.@Dhote,V.N.@Ganvir<#LINE#>223-228<#LINE#>40.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-46.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Technology, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Nagpur, MH, INDIA  <#LINE#>6/10/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#>  The depleting petroleum reservoir, concern for environment or climate leads to many researches to search for renewable alternative source of energy. These renewable sources of energy include solar energy, Tidal energy, wind energy, Hydropower, Biomass and Biofuels. Among the different possible renewable sources one such alternative is produced by transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol in presence of catalyst (alkali and acid) in Convensional Batch Reactor. In our study the preparation of Neem Oil Methyl Ester (NOME) were carried out by varying different parameters like oil/alcohol molar ratio, reaction time, concentration of acid and base catalysts. Fatty Acid Methyl Ester produced by using Oscillatory Baffled Reactor 1-2% H2SO4, 1:9 oil/alcohol ratio, 10-15min reaction time, 25-30�C temperature.  <#LINE#> @ @ Topare Niraj S., Kulkarni K.S., Kulkarni A.D., Opportunities and Challenges for Heterogeneous Catalysis in the Biodiesel Production, Journal of Engineering Research and Studies, 2(III), 143-146 (2011) @No $ @ @  Mahajan Amita, Ahluwalia A.S., Mahajan Pururava, Properties of Biodiesel Produced From Various Oil seeds, International Journal of Research in Environmental Science and technology, 1(4), 26-29 (2011) @No $ @ @  Bhattacharyulu Y. C., Ganvir V.N., Bahegankar S.A., Methanolysis of high FFA Karanja oil in an Oscillatory Baffled Reactor, Journal of Engineering Research and studies, 3, 144-148, (2012) @No $ @ @  Srivastava PK and Verma Madhumita, Methyl ester of karanja oil as an alternative renewable source energy, Fuel 87, 1673-1677, (2008) @No $ @ @  Santacesaria Elio, Serio Martino Di, Tesser Riccardo, Pengmei Lu, Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production, Energy & Fuels, American Chemical Society, 22 (2008) @No $ @ @  Nage Sharda D., Kulkarni K.S., Kulkarni A.D., Topare  Niraj S., Biodiesel Production By a Continuous Process Using a Heterogeneous Catalyst, J. Curr. Chem. Pharm. Sc., 2(1), 12-16 (2012) @No $ @ @  Aransiola EF, Betiku E, Ikhuomoregbe DI and Ojumu TV, Production of biodiesel from crude neem oil feed stock and its emissions from internal combustion engines, African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(22), 6178-6186 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Quantifying the Cement Air Pollution related Human Health diseases in Maihar city, MP, India<#LINE#>Priyanka@Rai,RM@Mishra,Sarita@Parihar<#LINE#>229-233<#LINE#>41.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-56.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental biology, A.P.S. University, Rewa MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/10/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> This paper present air pollutants (suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and oxide of nitrogen) emitted from Maihar cement plant and they may produce harmful effects on human health and his environment. This study was undertaken to investigate the quality of air in Maihar. Cement air pollution is rapidly becoming an environmental problem of public concern worldwide. It can influence public health and local or regional weather and climate. All the data were collected for a study period at five different locations (Bus stand, Labours colony,  Maihar cement colony, Railway colony and Rewa road).  In the present study at Maihar city, Primary pollutants such as SO2 and NOX were found within the standard value and SPM exceeding the standard value prescribed for residential and rural uses by CPCB, New Delhi. Maximum concentration of Suspended particulate matter, Sulphur dioxide and Oxide of nitrogen is found during winter months, moderate during summer and minimum during monsoon months indicate marked seasonal variation of pollutants under present investigation. Present study determines association between cement air pollution on one hand and occurrence of human health diseases on other hand. A questionnaire based survey was conducted to collect the data for incidence of air pollution linked diseases among the people of sampling sites. Result determine the maximum incidence of respiratory diseases (such as tuberculosis, bronchitis, cough, asthma etc.) compare to other diseases among the affected people.  <#LINE#> @ @  Schwartz J. and  Marcus A.,  Mortality and air pollution in London, Time series analysis, American Journal of Epidemiology, 131, 185-193 (1990) @No $ @ @  Dockery D.W., Pope III C.A., Xu X., Spengler J.D., Ware J.H., Fay M.E., Ferris B.B.G. and  Speizer F.E., An association between air pollution and Monitoring in six U.S. cities New England, Journal of Medicine, 329 (24), 1753-1759 (1993) @No $ @ @  Schwartz J. and Morris B., Air pollution and Hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Detroit, Michigan, American Journal of Epidemiology, 142, 23-35 (1995) @No $ @ @  Le Tertre A.,  Medina S.,  Samoli E., Forsberg B., Michelozzi P., Boumghar A., Vonk J.M., Bellini A., Atkinson R., Ayres G., Sunyer J., Schwartz J. and  Katsouyanni K., Short-term effect of particulate air pollution on cardiovascular diseases in eight European cities, Journal of Epidemiology and community Health, 56, 773-779 (2002) @No $ @ @  Renganathan Manimaran, Rajagopal Thundil Karuppa Raj and Senthil Kumar K., Numerical analysis of direct injection diesel engine combustion using extended coherent flame 3-zone model, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(8) 1-9 (2012) @No $ @ @  Hiremath Deepa B. and Shiyani R.L., Adapting Gujarat to climate vulnerabilities: The road ahead, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(5), 38-45 (2012) @No $ @ @  Srivastava K.P. and Singh Vikash Kumar, Impact of air pollution on PH of soil of Saran, Bihar, India, Res. J.  Recent Sci., 1(4), 9-13(2012) @No $ @ @  Yousef Zanadi and Vefa Akpinar M., An Experimental study on separately ground and together grinding Portland Slag cement strength properties, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(4), 27-40 (2012) @No $ @ @  Shukla J., Pandey V., Singh S.N., Yunus M., Singh N. and Ahmad K.J., Effect of cement dust on the growth and yield of brassica campestris L., Environmental Pollution, 66, 81-88 (1990) @No $ @ @  Hirano T., Kiyota M. and Aiga I., Physical effects of dust on leaf physiology of cucumber and kidney bean plants, Environmental Pollution, 89, 255-261 (1995) @No $ @ @  Ian M. and David M., Toward a Sustainable Cement Industry: Climate Change, Sub Study 8, Retrieved July 29, 2007, from http://www.wbside.org/Docroot/OSQWU2t WBWX7geNJAmwb/final_report8. pafretrieve 20/09/2007 (2002) @No $ @ @  Rao M.N and Rao HVN., Air pollution, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publ. Comp.Ltd., New Delhi, 226-232 (1989) @No $ @ @  Tiwari Mahendra Kumar, Mishra R.M. and  Dwivedi Sandhya, Deterioration of air quality and human health in Naubasta village due to air pollution by J.P. cement plant Rewa (M.P.), International journal of pharmacy & life sciences, 2(12) ISSN 0976-7126 (2011) @No $ @ @  Schuhmacher  M., Nadal  M. and Domingo  J.L., Environmental monitoring of PCDD/Fs and metals in the vicinity of a cement plant after using sewage sludge as a secondary fuel, Chemosphere, 74, 1502–1508 (2009) @No $ @ @  Al-Saleh I., Shinwar, N., Mashhour A., Mohamed G.E.D. and Rabah A., Heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) in maternal, cordblood and placenta of healthy women, J. of Hygiene and Environ. Health in press, xxx–xxx (2010) @No $ @ @  Sharma Manju and Pandey Anish Chandra, Chemical estimation of air pollutants and its impact on the flavonoid content of Adhatoda Vasica, Ocinum Sanctum and Aloe Vera, Int. Res. J. Environmental Sci., 1(5), 58-61 (2012) @No $ @ @  Sharma R., Pervez Y.and Pervez S., Seasonal evaluation and spatial variability of suspended particulate matter in the vicinity of a large coal-fired power station in India-a case study, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 102, 1-13 (2005) @No $ @ @  Chelani A.B. and Devotta S., Air quality assessment in Delhi: Before and after CNG as fuel, Environ. Monit. Assess., 125, 257-263 (2007) @No $ @ @  Nidhi and Jayaraman G., Air quality and respiratory health in Delhi, Environment Monitoring and Assessment, 135, 313-325 (2007) @No $ @ @  Joshi P.C. and Swami A., Physiological responses of some tree species under roadside automobile pollution stress around city of Haridwar, India. Environmentalist, 27, 365-374 (2007) @No $ @ @  Joshi P.C. and Chauhan A., Performance of locally grown rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) exposed to air pollutants in rapidly growing industrial area of district Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India,  Life Science Journal, 5(3), 57-61 (2008) @No $ @ @  Chauhan  A. and  Joshi P.C., Effect of air pollutants on wheat and mustard crops growing in the vicinity of urban and industrial ares, New York Science Journal, 3(2), 52-60 (2010) @No $ @ @  WHO, Healthy cities air management information system. AMIS2.0.CD ROM, World Health Organization, Geneva (1998) @No $ @ @  Linn W.S., Szlachcic Y., Gong Jr. H., Patrick L., Kinney P.L. and  Berhane K.T., Air pollution and daily hospital admissions in Metropolitan Los Angeles, Environmental Health Perspectives, 108 (5), 427-435 (2000) @No $ @ @  Saez M.,  Ballester F., Barcelo M.A., et al., A combined analysis of the short-term effect of phytochemical air pollutants or Mortality within the EMECAM project, Environmental Health Perspectives, 110 (3), 221-228 (2002) @No $ @ @  Alakija W., Iyawe VI., Jarikre L.N. and Chiwuzie J.C., Ventilatory function of workers at Okpella cement factory in Nigeria, West Afr.J Med., 9, 187-192 (1990) @No $ @ @  Al-Neaimi Y.I., Gomes J. and Lloyd O.L., Respiratory illnesses and ventilatory function among workers at a cement factory in a rapidly developing country,  Occup Med.,  51(6), 367-373 (2001) @No $ @ @  Meo S.A., Azeem M.A., Ghori  M.G. and Subhan M.M., Lung function and surface electromyography of intercostal muscles in cement mill workers, Int J Occup Med Environ Health,  15(3), 279-287 (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Studies on the Generation of Biogas from Collagen Hydrolysate obtained from Chrome Shavings by Alkaline Hydrolysis: A Greener Disposal Method<#LINE#>Anupama@Pati,Rubina@Chaudhary<#LINE#>234-240<#LINE#>42.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-65.pdf<#LINE#> School of Energy and Environmental Studies, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore, MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/10/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> The leather industry produces a significant amount of chromium bearing hazardous waste. Solid waste disposal is increasingly becoming a huge challenge to tanners due to paucity of landfill sites and strict environmental legislations worldwide. Hence, finding a holistic solution to the tannery solid waste disposal problem is a challenge for researchers. Protein based solid wastes acquire much attention due to its high value. In this work, proteinous matter recovered from chrome shaving through chemical process was feed to the anaerobic digester to generate biogas. Two different modes of alkaline chromed shaving dust hydrolysis i.e. using lime and KOH followed by neutralization with HCl and H3PO4 subsequently. The Full scale investigations conducted to evaluate the performance of anaerobic digestion of collagen hydrolysate. The feed and overflow of both digesters were monitored for various parameters such as total solids %, ash content %, volatile fatty acids and chemical oxygen demand (COD). COD reduction efficiency 34-46 % and 45-54% was observed in lime-HCl and KOH-H3PO4 digesters respectively. Gas generation is increased 30% in KOH-H3PO4 digester as compared to Lime-HCl and CO2 % in KOH-H3PO4 digester was in the range of 19-20% as compared to Lime-HCl were it was 30-40%. Hence, it shows that CO2 produced by the acidogens is effectively utilized by the methanogens in producing methane gas and potassium and phosphates are the macronutrients to the microorganisms.  <#LINE#> @ @  Thanikaivelan P. Rao J. R., Nair B.U. and Ramasami T. Progress and recent trends in biotechnological methods for leather processing, Trends in Biotechnology, 22(4), 181-188 (2004) @No $ @ @  Gaidau C., Niculescu M., Stepan E., Taloi D. and Filipescu L., Additives and advanced biomaterials obtained from leather industry by-products, Rev. De Chim., 60, 501–507(2009) @No $ @ @  Popescu C., Budrugeac P., Wortmann F.J., Miu L., Demco D.E. and Baius M., Assessment of collagen-based materials which are supports of cultural and historical objects, Poly. Degrad. Stability, 93, 976–982 (2008) @No $ @ @  Ramasami T., Sreeram K.J. and Gayatri R., Emerging leather processing options for waste minimization, UNIDO Report, Regional Workshop on Cleaner Tanning Technologies, (1998) @No $ @ @  Veeger L., Ecological procedure to solve the tannery waste problems, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 88, 326–329 (1993) @No $ @ @  Rao J.R., Chandrababu N.K., Muralidharan C., Nair B.U., Rao P.G. and Ramasami T.,Recouping the wastewater: a way forward for cleaner leather processing, J. Clean. Prod., 11, 591–599 (2003) @No $ @ @  Gammoun A., Tahiri S., Albizane A., Azzi M. and Guardia M.D.L., De-contamination of water polluted with oil through the use of tanned solid wastes, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 6, 553–559 (2007b) @No $ @ @  Munz K.H., Sundar V.J., Muralidharan C. and Parthasarathy K., Chrome tannage without pickling, Das Leder, 48, 128–132 (1997) @No $ @ @  Muralidharan C., Sundar V.J., Rao V.S.S. and Ramasami T., Two-stage tanning, A new approach for chrome management, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 96, 61–66 (2001) @No $ @ @  Sundar V.J., Haribabu V., Muralidharan C. and Sadulla S., Turning to nature for eco benign stabilization of skin protein, J. Leather Sci., 4, 24–28 (2008) @No $ @ @  Sundar V.J., Rangasamy T., Sivakumar V. and Muralidharan C., A novel pickle free high exhaust chrome tanning method: An approach for total dissolved solids management, J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem., 88, 252–255 (2004) , 234-240 (2013) @No $ @ @   Sundar V.J., Rao J.R. and Muralidharan C., Cleaner chrome tanning, Emerging options, J. Clean. Prod., 10, 69–74 (2002) @No $ @ @  Sundar V.J., Vedaraman N., Balakrishnan P.A., Chakrabarti S. and Muralidharan C.,Sulphide free unhairing,  Studies on ozone based depilation, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc.,101, 231–234 (2006) @No $ @ @   Taotao Q., Xuechuan W. and Longfang R., Recovery of collagen from phos-phonium tanned leather shavings and application as formaldehyde scavenger, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc.,104, 316–322 (2009) @No $ @ @   Xuechuan W., Longfang R. and Taotao Q., Novel way of transformation of tannery waste to environmentally friendly formaldehyde scavenger, Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 28, 285–290 (2009) @No $ @ @  Jiao L., Liao X. and Shi B., Adsorptive removal of As (V) from aqueous solution by Zr(IV) loaded skin shavings, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 104, 308–315 (2009) @No $ @ @  Rutland F.H., Environmental compatibility of chromium-containing tannery and other leather product wastes at land disposal site, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 86, 364–375 (1991) @No $ @ @   Sundar V.J., Ramesh R., Rao P.S., Saravanan P., Sridharnath B. and Muralidharan C., Water management in leather industry, J. Sci. Ind. Res.,60, 443–450 (2001) @No $ @ @   Lipsett V.A., Offal blue, Sources and current deposition of chrome offals, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 77, 291–301 (1982) @No $ @ @   Mukherjee G., Chakraborty S., Biswas G.K. and Basu S.K., Chromium tanned leather and its environmental impact, J. Indian Leather Technol. Assoc., 55, 239–246 (2005) @No $ @ @   Holloway D.F., Recovery and Separation of Nutritious Protein Hydrolysates and Chromium from Chrome Leather Scrap, U.S. Patent 4, 100, 154 (1978) @No $ @ @  Bataille P., Gagnon F. and Smith W.E., Upgrading leather and felt scrap into proteins, J. Am. Leather Chemical. Assoc., 78, 328–337 (1983) @No $ @ @  Guardini G., Extraction of proteins and chromium sulphate from chromium tanned-skin wastes, U.S. Patent 4, 483, 829 (1983) @No $ @ @   Alves Dos Reis M. and Beleza V., Utilization of leather waste: animal feedstuff from chrome shavings part I, J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem.,75, 15–19 (1991a) @No $ @ @  Taylor M.M.,  Diefendorf  E.J., Thompson C.J.,  Brown  E.M., Marmer  W.N.andCabeza  L.F., Extraction  of  value  added byproducts  from  the  treatment  of  chromium  containing collagenous  leather  industry  waste, J  Soc.Leather  Technol.  Chem., 81, 5-13(1997) @No $ @ @  Changdao M., Wei L., Mingrang Z. and Qingshi Z., Towards zero discharge of chromium-containing leather waste through improved alkali hydrolysis, Waste Management, 23, 835–843 (2003) @No $ @ @  Tahiri S., Bouhria M., Albizane A., Messaoudi A., Azzi M., Alamos S. and Younssi Mabrour J., Extraction of proteins from chrome shavings with sodium hydroxide and reuse of chromium in tanning process, J Am Leather Chem. Assoc., 99, 16-25 (2004) @No $ @ @   Langmaier F., Mokrejs P., Karnas R., Mladek M. and Kolomaznik K., Modification of chrome-tanned leather waste hydrolysate with epichlorhydrin, J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem., 90, 29–34 (2006) @No $ @ @   Sun D., Liao X. and Shi B., Oxidative dechroming of leather shavings underultra sound, J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem.,87, 103–106 (2003) @No $ @ @   Cot J., Marsal A., Manich A., Celma P., Choque R., Cabeza L., Labastida L., Lopez J. and Salmeron J., Minimization of industrial wastes: Adding value tocollagenic materials Proctor Memorial Lecture, J. Soc. Leather Technol. Chem., 87, 91–97(2003) @No $ @ @   SLC 3 (IUC 5). Determination of volatile matter, Official Methods of Analysis, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, Northampton, (1996) @No $ @ @   IUC 8. Determination of chromic oxide content, Journal of Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 82, 200, (1998) @No $ @ @  SLC 4 (IUC 4). Determination of substances (fats and other solubles) soluble in dichloromethane, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, Northampton, (1996) @No $ @ @    Fleck A. and Munro H.N., The determination of organic nitrogen in biological materials: a review, Clinica Chimica Acta., 11, 2-12, (1965) @No $ @ @   SLC 5 (IUC 6). Determination of water soluble matter, Official Methods of Analysis, Journal of Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, Northampton, (1996) @No $ @ @   SLC 6 (IUC 7). Determination of sulphated total ash and sulphated water insoluble ash, Official Methods of Analysis, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, Northampton, (1996) @No $ @ @   ASTM D2346 – 00, Standard test method for apparent density of leather, (2008) @No $ @ @   Rao J.R.,Recovery and reuse techniques for chromium salts in tanneries, Leather Science,34, 201-212, (1987) @No $ @ @  Rao J.R., Venba R., Nair B. U., Suthanthararajan R., Rajamani S. and Ramasami T., Chromium reuse, Proceedings of 30th LERIG, CLRI, Madras, India 37-56, (1995) @No 
<#LINE#>Estimation of Effective Impervious Surface Area of Cochin using Satellite Images<#LINE#>S.V.@Chithra,A.@Amarnath,Smitha@S.V.,M.V.@HarindranathanNair<#LINE#>241-244<#LINE#>43.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-73.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin-22, Kerala, INDIA  <#LINE#>2/11/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> Urbanization refers to the process in which an increasing proportion of a population lives in cities and suburbs. Urbanization fuels the alteration of the Land use/Land cover pattern of the region including increase in built-up area, leading to imperviousness of the ground surface. With increasing urbanization and population pressures; the impervious areas in the cities are increasing fast. An impervious surface refers to an anthropogenic ally modified surface that prevents water from infiltrating into the soil. Surface imperviousness mapping is important for the studies related to water cycling, water quality, soil erosion, flood water drainage, non-point source pollution, urban heat island effect and urban hydrology. The present study estimates the Total Impervious Area (TIA) of the city of Kochi using high resolution satellite image (LISS IV, 5m. resolution). Additionally the study maps the Effective Impervious Area (EIA) by coupling the capabilities of GIS and Remote Sensing. Land use/Land cover map of the study area was prepared from the LISS IV image acquired for the year 2012. The classes were merged to prepare a map showing pervious and impervious area. Supervised Maximum Likelihood Classification (Supervised MLC),which is a simple but accurate method for image classification, is used in calculating TIA and an overall classification accuracy of 86.33% was obtained. Water bodies are 100% pervious, whereas urban built up area are 100% impervious. Further based on percentage of imperviousness, the Total Impervious Area is categorized into various classes.  <#LINE#> @ @  Arnold C. L., and Gibbons C. J., Impervious surface coverage, The emergence of a key environmental indicator,  J. the American Planning Association, 62, 243−258 (1996) @No $ @ @  Hasse J. E., and Lathrop R. G., Land resource impact indicators of urban sprawl, Applied Geography, 23 (2–3), 159−175 (2003) @No $ @ @  Girija Devi, Environmental Impact Assessment of Surface Water Drainage System in the Central Area of Cochin using GIS and Remote Sensing, Ph. D Thesis, CUSAT (2005) @No $ @ @  Schueler T., The importance of imperviousness. Watershed Protection Techniques, 1(3), 100−111 (1994) @No $ @ @  Galli J., Thermal Impacts associated with Urbanization and Storm Water Management, Best Management Practices, Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments. Washington D. C., Maryland Department of Environment, 188 (1991) @No $ @ @  Slonecker E. T., Jennings D. B., and Garofalo D., Remote sensing of impervious surfaces: A review, Rem. Sen. Reviews, 20(3), 227−255 (2001) @No $ @ @  Bauer M. E., Heinert N. J., Doyle J. K. and Yuan, FImpervious surface mapping and change monitoring using Landsat remote sensing.Proceedings of ASPRS annual conference, May 24–28, Denver, Colorado (2004) @No $ @ @  Jana Adarsa, Sheena Shamina and Biswas Arkoprovo, Morphological Change Study of Ghoramara Island, Eastern India Using  Multi Temporal Satellite Data,  Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(10), 72-81 (2012) @No $ @ @  Mayavan N. and Sundaram A., Statistical Analysis for Landslide in Relation to Landuse, InSirumalai Hill, Dindigul District, Tami Nadu, India, using GI Technologies, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(12), 36-39 (2012) @No $ @ @  Biswas Arkoprovo, Jana Adarsa and Sharma Shashi Prakash, Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones using Satellite Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques: A Case study from Ganjam district, Orissa, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(9), 59-66 (2012) @No $ @ @  Yuan F. and Bauer M.E., Comparison of impervious surface area and normalized difference vegetation index as indicators of surface urban heat island effects in Land sat imagery, Rem. Sen. of Environment, 106 (3), 375−386 (2007) @No $ @ @  Lu D. and Weng Q. Spectral mixture analysis of ASTER images for examining the relationship between urban thermal features and biophysical descriptors in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA., 104(2), 157−167 (2006) @No $ @ @  Civco D.L. and Hurd J.D., Impervious Surface Mapping for the State of Connecticut. Proceedings of the 1997 ASPRS Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, 3, 124-135 (1997) @No $ @ @  Smith. A., Sub pixel Estimates of Impervious Surface Cover Using Landsat TM Imagery, Scholarly article, Geography Department, University of Maryland (2000)  , 241-244 (2013) @No $ @ @ Small C., Estimation of urban vegetation abundance by  spectral mixture analysis, Int. J. of Rem. Sen., 22(7), 1305−1334  (2001) @No $ @ @    Flanagan M. and Civco D.L., Sub pixel impervious surface mapping, Proceedings of 2001 ASPRS annual convention,  April 23–27, St. Louis, MO, (2001) @No $ @ @   Wu C., Murray A.T., Estimating impervious surface distribution by spectral mixture analysis, Remote Sensing of Environment, 84 (4), 493–505 (2001) @No $ @ @  Small C., High spatial resolution spectral mixture analysis of urban reflectance, Remote Sensing of Environment, 88(1–2), 170−186 (2003) @No $ @ @  Yang L., Xian G., Klaver, J.M. and Deal B., Urban land-cover change detection through sub-pixel imperviousness mapping using remotely sensed data, Photogram. Eng. Rem. Sen., 69 (9), 1003–1010 (2003) @No $ @ @   Wu C., Normalized spectral mixture analysis for monitoring urban composition using ETM+ imagery, Rem. Sen. of Environment, 93 (4), 480–492 (2004) @No $ @ @   Mohapatra R.P., Wu C., Sub pixel imperviousness estimation with IKONO Simagery: an artificial neural network approach, In: Weng Q. (Ed.), Remote Sensing of Impervious Surfaces, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, Boca Raton, FL, 21–37 (2008) @No $ @ @  Walsh C.J., Protection of in-Stream Biota from Urban Impacts: Minimize Catchment Imperviousness or Improve Drainage Design, Marine and Freshwater Res., 55, 317-326 (2004) @No $ @ @   Shuster W. D., Bonta J., Thurston H., Warnemuende E. and Smith D. R., Impacts of Impervious Surface on Watershed Hydrology: A Review, Urban Water J., 2(4), 263-275 (2005) @No $ @ @   Schueler T., Mc-Neal. L., Cappiella. K., Is Impervious Cover still important,  Review of Rec., (2009) @No  
<#LINE#>Preliminary Assessment of Degraded Kottayam Chira Wetland using GIS and its Developmental Scope<#LINE#>A.@Amarnath.,G.@Rojith.,Adhem@Shahin,Rakesh@V.B.<#LINE#>245-249<#LINE#>44.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-74.pdf<#LINE#> School of Environmental Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin, Kerala, INDIA  <#LINE#>2/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Conservation and restoration of wetlands is of utmost significance for sustainable development as well as natural resource management.  Kottayam Chira, which spreads around an area of about 12 acres is located at the northern region of Kerala State, centered at coordinates of 11049′ N and 75033′ E., is a significant wetland with irrigational potential to nearby four Panchayats.  The wetland is now in a degraded form and a preliminary scientific analysis has been done to characterize the wetland for future restoration efforts.  GIS studies were performed to identify the geographical setting and to assess the wetland area change occurred during the past two decades.  General slope and drainage pattern were determined.  Analysis of land use\land cover pattern which has a decisive impact over surface and sub surface water was done.  Invasive plant species spread over the wetland is visible even in the satellite image.  Buffer zone and catchment area was demarcated for suggesting the conservation strategies to be adopted.  GIS analysis indicates considerable shrinkage of the water body over the recent past.  Developmental scope of the wetland in terms of irrigational and ground water recharge potential as well as tourism opportunities is also presented in this paper.  <#LINE#> @ @  Biswas Arkoprovo, Jana Adarsa and Sharma Shashi Prakash., Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones using Satellite Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques: A Case study from Ganjam district, Orissa, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(9), 59-66 (2012) @No $ @ @  Mayavan N. and Sundaram A., Statistical Analysis for Landslide in Relation to Landuse, In Sirumalai Hill, Dindigul District, Tami Nadu, India, using GI Technologies,  Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(12), 36-39(2012) @No $ @ @  Safari D., Mulongo G., Byarugaba D. and Tumwesigye W., Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Water in Nyaruzinga Wetland of Bushenyi District - Uganda, Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(4), 1-6 (2012) @No $ @ @  Premalatha M., Abbasi Tasneem,and Abbasi S.A., Applications of Wetland Management: An Overview, Res.  J.  Chem and Env, 14(4), 87-103 (2010) @No $ @ @  Masataka Takagi., Accuracy of digital elevation model according to spatial resolution, D. Fritsch, M. Englich & M. Sester, eds, 'ISPRS', GIS - Between Visions and Applications, 32(4), 613-617(1998) @No $ @ @  Qiong Wu, Hong-qing Li, Ru-song Wang, Juergen Paulussen, Yong He, Min Wang, Bi-hui Wang and Zhen Wang, Monitoring and predicting land use change in Beiging using remote sensing and GIS, Landscape urban plan, 78, 322-333 (2006) @No $ @ @  Offer Rozenstein and Arnon Karnieli., Comparison of methods for land use classification incorporating remote sensing and GIS inputs, Appl Geogr, 31(2), 533-544 (2011) @No $ @ @  Debabrata Mondal., Urban Landuse Change Assessment Using RS And GIS: A Case Study Of Berhampore Town And Its Surroundings, Murshidabad District, West Bengal, Geo-Analyst, 2(1), 26-30 (2012) @No $ @ @  http://static.googleusercontent.com/external_content/untrusted_dlcp/earth.google.com/en//userguide/v4/ google earth user guide.pdf (2012) @No $ @ @  Nalini N. S., and Rajani M.B., Stone fortress of chitledroog: visualizing old landscape of Chitradurga by integrating spatial information from multiple sources, Curr  Sci India, 103(4), 381-387 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Solubilisation of Uganda low grade Rock Phosphate by Pseudomonas fluorescence<#LINE#>P@Ranjita,SibaP.@P,RabiN.@Kar,P@ChittaR.<#LINE#>250-254<#LINE#>45.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-85.pdf<#LINE#>PG Dept of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Jyotivihar, Odisha, INDIA @ Environment Cell, R and D, Hindalco Industries Limited, Hirakud, Sambalpur, Odisha, INDIAI @ nstitute of Minerals $ Materials Technology(CSIR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA<#LINE#>16/11/2012<#LINE#>3/1/2013<#LINE#> Most agricultural soils contain large reserves of phosphorus (P), a considerable part of which accumulates as a consequence of regular applications of P fertilizers. However, a greater part of soil phosphorus, approximately 95�99% is present in the form of insoluble phosphates and hence cannot be utilized by the plants. In the present study phosphate solubilising activity of Pseudomonas fluorescence against three types of rock phosphate (RP) were studied with respect to different parameters like temperature, incubation period, pulp density and effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources. Results indicated that the lower the concentration of the phosphate in the leaching broth the greater was the dissolution percentage of P. A maximum of 44.70, 48.84 and 56.17(mg%) of P solubilisation were obtained after 15 days of incubation at 35�C from West valley, North valley and South valley rock phosphate, respectively at 0.5 % pulp density. Acidic pH medium was favourable for phosphate solubilisation in all the experiments. Among the carbon sources glucose followed by maltose and sucrose supported the maximum RP solubilization in the presence of 0.5% pulp density as the optimum concentration. Nitrogen in the form of ammonium was very effective in solubilizing rock phosphates by P. fluorescence. <#LINE#> @ @ Chunqiao Xiao, Ruan Chi, Xiao Pan, Feng Liu and Jiawi He, Rock phosphate solubilisation by four yeast strains, Annals of Microbiology, DOI 10.1007/s 13213-012-0458/z (2012) @No $ @ @ Prasanna Aadarsh, Deepa V., Murthy Balakrishnan P, Deccaraman M., Sridhar R., Dandapani P, Insoluble phosphate solubilisation by Bacterial strains isolated from Rice rhizosphere soil from Southern India, Int. J. of Soil Sc.,  6(2) 134-141 (2011) @No $ @ @ Raval A.A and Desai P.B., Rhizobacteria from Rhizosphere of Sunflower (Helianthus annus. L.) and their effect on plant growth, Research J. of Recent Sciences, 1(6) 58-61 (2012) @No $ @ @ Fernandez L.A., Zalba P., Gomez M.A., Sagordoy M.A., Phosphate solubilisation activity of bacterial strains in soil and their effect on soybean growth under green house conditions, Biol. Fertil. Soils43, 805-809 (2007) @No $ @ @ Turan M.N., Ataoglu and Sahin F., Evaluation of the capacity of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and fungi on different forms of phosphorus in liquid culture,  J. Sustainable Agri., 28, 99-108 (2006) @No $ @ @ Arcand M.M. and Schneider K.D., Plant and microbialbased mechanisms to improve the agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rock: A review, Ann. Acad. Bras. Cienc., 78, 791�807 (2006) @No $ @ @ Gyaneshwar P., Kumar G.N., Parekh L.J. and Poole P.S., Role of soil microorganisms in improving P nutrition of plants, Plant Soil, 245, 83�93 (2002) @No $ @ @ Sharma Sonam, Kumar Bijay and Tripathy Ram Babu, Isolation of phosphate solubilising microorganism from soil, J. Microbiol. Biotech Res, 1(2), 90-95 (2011) @No $ @ @ Jackson M.L., Soil chemical analysis,Prentice-Hall, New Delhi, India (1967) @No $ @ @ Zhu Fengling, Qu Lingyun, Hong Xuguang and Sun Xiuqin, Evidence based Complementary and alternative medicine 11, 1-6 (2011) @No $ @ @ Reddy M.S., Kumar S., Babita K. and Reddy M.S., Biosolubilization of poorly soluble rock phosphate by Aspergillus tubingensis and Aspergillus niger,  Bioresource Technology,84, 187-189 (2002) @No $ @ @ Gaur A.C. and Sacher S., Effect of rock phosphate and glucose concentration on phosphate solubilisation by Aspergillus awamori,  Curr Sci., 49, 553-554 (1984) @No $ @ @ Dave A. and Patel H.H., Phosphorous uptake by P. fluorescence and effect of external phosphate on microbial solubilisation, Asian J. of Microbiol. Biotech. Env. Sc., 10(1), 1-4 (2008) @No $ @ @ Ivanova R., Bozinova D. and Nedialkova K., Rock phosphate solubilisation by soil bacteria, Jr. of the Univ. of chemical Technol. and Metallurgy, 41(3), 297-302 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kpomblekou A.K. and Tabatabai M., AEffect of organic acids on release of phosphorous from phosphate rocks,  Soil Sci., 158, 442-444 (1994) @No $ @ @ Narsian V., Thakker J. and Putei H.H., Mineral phosphate solubilisation by Aspergillus aculeatus, Ind. J. Exp. Biol.,33, 91-93 (1995) @No $ @ @    Gaind S. and Gaur A.C., Influence of temperature on the efficiency of phosphate solubilising  microorganisms,  Ind. J. Micro boil, 30, 305-310 (1990) @No $ @ @ Sayer J.A. and Gadd G.M., Solubilization and precipitation of metals by fungi, Minerol. Soc. Bull.,  3-5 (1998) @No $ @ @ Gharieb M.M., Sayer J.A. and Gadd G.M., Solubilization of natural gypsum (CaSO.2HO) and the formation of calcium oxalate by Aspergillus niger and serpula himantioidies, Mycol. Res,102, 825-830 (1997) @No $ @ @ Kim K.Y., Jordan D. and Kirshanan H.B., Rahnella aquatilis, a bacterium isolated from soyabean rhizosphere, can solubilize hydroxyapatite, FEMS Micobiol. Lett,153, 273-277 (1997) @No $ @ @ Seshadre S., Muthukumarasamy R, Lakshminarasimhan C and Ignaacimuthu S., Solubilization of inorganic phosphates by Azospirillum halopraeferans,  Curr. Sci., 79(5), 565-567 (2002) @No $ @ @ Kang S.C., Ha G.C., Lee T.G. and Maheshwari D.K., Solubilization of insoluble inorganic phosphates by a soil inhabiting fungus sp. Ps 102, Curr. Sci., 79(5), 439-442(2002) @No $ @ @ Rosado A.S., De Azevedo F.S., Da Croz, D.W. Van Elas and  J.D. Seldin L., Phenotypic and genetic diversity of Paeni bacillusazatofeixans strains isolated from the rhizosphere soil of different grasses,  J. Appl. Microbiol., 84, 216-226 (1998) @No $ @ @ Gilberto O. Mends, Carla S. Dias, Ivo R. Silva, Jose Ivo Ribeiro Junior, Olnto l. Pereira and Mauricio D. Costa, Fungal Rock Phosphate solubilisation using sugar cane baggase, World  J. of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 12(1) 43-50 (2013) @No $ @ @ Varsha N.H.H., Aspergillus aculeatus as a rock phosphate solubilizer, Soil Biol. Biochem,32, 559-565 (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Characterization of Organic and Elemental Carbon in PM2.5 Aerosols at Agra, India<#LINE#>Tripti@Pachauri,RK@Saraswat,Vyoma@Singla,Anita@Lakhani,K.@KumariMaharaj<#LINE#>255-260<#LINE#>46.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-91.pdf<#LINE#> Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Dayalbagh, Agra 282 110, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/11/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>PM2.5 samples were collected from May 2010 to April 2011 and were analyzed for OC (Organic carbon) and EC (Elemental carbon) using thermal optical transmittance (TOT) protocol. The results showed that the annual average concentration of PM2.was 79.7 ± 40.5 µg/m3 . In PM2.5, OC and EC concentrations were 22.8 ± 17.1 and 3.4 ± 1.2 µg/m3. Both OC and EC exhibited a clear seasonal pattern with highest concentration observed in winter followed by summer and monsoon which may be due to the combined effect of changes in emission rates and different meteorology in various seasons. TCA (Total carbonaceous aerosol) accounted for an averaged 50.3% of PM2.5 mass. The annual average OC/EC ratio was 6.6 which is similar ratio for biomass burning emissions. <#LINE#> @ @   Seinfeld J.H., Pandis S.N., Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change, John Wiley and Sons, New York (1998) @No $ @ @   Mkoma S.L., Chi X. and Maenhaut W., Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in ambient PM10 and PM2.5 particles in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Sci. of Total Environ., 408, 1308–1314 (2010) @No $ @ @   Chameides W.L., Yu H., Liu S.C., Bergin M., Zhou X. and Mearns L., Case study of the effects of atmospheric aerosols and regional haze on agriculture: An opportunity to enhance crop yields in China through emission controls, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America, 96, 13626–13633 (1999) @No $ @ @   Ramanathan V., Crutzen P.J., Lelieveld J., Mitra A.P., Althausen D. and Anderson J., Indian ocean experiment: An integrated analysis of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 28371–28398 (2001) @No $ @ @   Li W. and Bai Z., Characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in atmospheric fine particles in Tianjin, China, Particuology, 7, 432–437 (2009) @No $ @ @   Birch M.E. and Cary R.A., Elemental carbon-based method for monitoring occupational exposures to particulate diesel exhaust: methodology and exposure issues, The Analyst, 121, 1183–1190 (1996) @No $ @ @   Central Pollution Control Board, National Ambient Air Quality Standards, New Delhi, India (1994) @No $ @ @   Feng J., Chan C.K., Fang M., Hu M., He L. and Tang X., Characteristics of organic matter in PM2.5 in Shanghai, Chemos., 64, 1393–1400 (2006) @No $ @ @   Feng Y., Chen Y., Guo H., Zhi G., Xiong S., Li J., Sheng G. and Fu J., Characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in PM2.5 samples in Shanghai, China,  Atmos. Res., 92, 434 –442 (2009) , 255-260 (2013) @No $ @ @ Lonati G., Ozgen S. and Giugliano M., Primary and  secondary carbonaceous species in PM2.5 samples in Milan (Italy),  Atmos. Environ., 41, 4599–4610 (2007) @No $ @ @  Viidanoja J., Sillanpaa M., Laakia J., Kerminen V.M.,  Hillamo R., Aarnio P. and Koskentalo T., Organic and black carbon in PM2.5 and PM10: 1 year of data from an urban site in Helsinki, Finland, Atmos. Environ., 36, 3183–3193 (2002) @No $ @ @   Yang H., Yu J.Z., Ho S.S.H., Xu J., Wu W-S., Wan C.H., Wang X. and Wang L., The chemical composition of inorganic and carbonaceous materials in PM2.5 in Nanjing, China, Atmos. Environ., 39: 3735–3749 (2005) @No $ @ @   Khan M. F., Shirasuna Y., Hirano K. and Masunaga S., Characterization of PM 2.5, PM2.5 – 10, and PM&#x0000;10 in ambient air, Yokohama, Japan, Atmos. Res., doi: 10.1016/j. atmosres.2009.12.009 (2010) @No $ @ @   Ram K. and Sarin M.M., Day – night variability of EC, OC, WSOC and inorganic ions in urban environment of Indo – Gangetic Plain: Implications to secondary aerosol formation, Atmos. Environ., doi: 10. 1016 / j. atmosenv. 2010.09.055 (2010) @No $ @ @   Turpin B.J. and Huntzicker J.J., Identification of secondary organic aerosol episodes and quantification of primary and secondary organic aerosol concentrations during SCAQS, Atmos. Environ., 29, 3527–3544 (1995) @No $ @ @   Cao J J, Lee S C, Ho K F, Zhang X Y, Zou S C, Fung K, Chow J C, Watson J G, Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta Region, China during 2001 winter period, Atmos. Environ., 37, 1451–1460 (2003) @No $ @ @   Gu J., Bai Z., Liu A., Wu L., Xie Y., Li W., Dong H. and Zhang X., Characterization of atmospheric organic carbon of PM2.5 and PM10 at Tianjin, China, Aer. Air Quality Res., 10, 167–176 (2010) @No $ @ @   Andreae M.O. and Merlet P., Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning, Global Biogeo. Cycles, 15, 955–966 (2001) @No $ @ @   Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Lu Z., Lowenthal D.H., Frazier C.A., Solomon P.A., Thuillier R.H. and Magliano K., Descriptive analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQS/AUSPEX, Atmos. Environ., 30, 2079–2112 (1996) @No $ @ @   Castro L.M., Pio C.A., Harrison R.M. and Smith D.J.T., Carbonaceous aerosol in urban and rural European atmospheres: Estimation of secondary organic carbon concentrations, Atmos. Environ., 33, 2771–2781 (1999) @No $ @ @  Park S.S., Kim Y.J. and Fung K., Characteristics of PM2.5 carbonaceous aerosol in the Sihwa industrial area, Korea, Atmos. Environ., 35, 657–665 (2001) @No $ @ @  Draxler R.R., Rolph G.D., HYSPLIT Model Acess via NOAA ARL READY). NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ ready/hysplit4.html 2003 (2003) @No  
<#LINE#>Comparative Study on Phytoremediation of Synthetic and Industrial Effluent<#LINE#>H.K.@Sharma,P.@Dogra,N.@Sharma,S.@Sharma<#LINE#>261-267<#LINE#>47.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-100.pdf<#LINE#> M.M  University, Mullana, Ambala, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/11/2012<#LINE#>18/1/2013<#LINE#> The effectiveness of Eichhornea Crassipes in removing metal ions was investigated. Results obtained indicate that plant was very effective in removing Cu+2 and Ni+ ions. After one week, the percentage removal efficiency of copper and Nickel in industrial effluent was 14.4% and 13.5% respectively, which increased to 73.5% for copper and 92.2% for Nickel. After five weeks, the plant was able to remove the metal successfully without any physical sign of being affected by it.  Results showed that conductance, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen and CO2 values have decreased after phytoremediation. Whereas relative growth was increased after phytoremediation. The value of total suspended solids in effluent, after first week was 1990mg/l and in last week it was reduced to 1940mg/l while pH of effluent was increased from 6.85- 7.01.  Overall results indicate that Eichhornea Crassipes can be used for phytoremediation of industrial effluent.  <#LINE#> @ @  Smith R.D and Salt D.E., Phytoremediation of metals: using plants to remove pollutants from the environment, Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 8, 221-226 (1997) @No $ @ @  Lee A.N., Sharon L., Katrina L., Paul E., Induluis M., Tanya Q., Sarah T., Stuart E., Xiaoping W., Angela M. and Milton P, Contaminants: A Review of Phytoremediation Research at the University of Washington, Soil and Sediment Contamination: An International Journal, 7, 531–542 (1998) @No $ @ @  Adams N., Carroll D., Kelly M., Steve R., Wilson T. and Pivetz B., United States Protection Agency Reports Introduction to Phytoremediation–EPA., 600(99), 107 (2000) @No $ @ @  Adriano D.C., Trace elements in the terrestrial environment–Springer-Verlag, 533-545 (1986) @No $ @ @  Alloway B.J. In Heavy Metals in Soils. Blackie Glasgow, 354-362 (1990) @No $ @ @  Henry J.R. In An Overview of Phytoremediation of Lead and Mercury, NNEMS Report, 3-9 (2000) @No $ @ @  Ross A. and Ross S., Toxic Metals in Soil-Plant Systems, Biotechnology (N Y), (1994) @No $ @ @  Salt D.E., Blaylock M., Kumar N.P., Dushenkov V., Ensley B.D., Chet I. and Raskin I., Phytoremediation: a novel strategy for the removal of toxic metals from the environment using plants, Biotechnology (NY), 13, 68-74 (1995) @No $ @ @  McCutcheon S.C. and J�rgensen S.E.,  Phytoremediation, Encyclopedia of Ecology, 2751-2766 (2008) @No $ @ @  Ghosh M., Singh S.P. and Devi Ahilya, A Review on Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals and Utilization of Its Byproducts,  Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 3, 1-18 (2005) @No $ @ @  Salt D.E., Smith R.D. and Raskin I., Phytoremediation,  Annu. Rev, Plant Physiol, Plant Mol. Biol., 49, 643-668 (1998)  , 261-267 (2013) @No $ @ @  Suresh B. and Ravishankar G.A., Phytoremediation: a novel and promising approach for environmental clean-up, Crit Rev Biotechnol, 24, 97-124 (2004) @No $ @ @   Negri C. and Hinchman R., Plants that remove contaminants from the environment, Lab Med, 27, 36-40 (1996) @No $ @ @   Ernst. WHO Bioavailability of heavy metals and decontamination of soils by plants, Appl Geochem, 11,163-167 (1996) @No $ @ @   Bouwman L.A., Bloem J., Romkens PFAM, Boon GT. And Vangronsveld J., Beneficial effects of the growth of metal tolerant grass on biological and chemical parameters in copper and zinc-contaminated sandy soils, Minerva Biotechnological, 13, 19-26 (2001) @No $ @ @   Schnoor J., Licht L., Mccutcheon S., Wolfe N. and Carreira L., Phytoremediation of organic and nutrient contaminants, Environ Sci Technol., 29, A318-A323 (1995) @No $ @ @   Hinchman R. and Negri C., The Grass Can Be Cleaner on the Other Side of the Fence, Argonne National Laboratory, 12, 8-11 (1994) @No $ @ @  Marseille F., Tiffreau C., Laboudigue A. and Lecomte P., Impact of vegetation on the mobility and bioavailability of trace elements in a dredged sediment deposit: a greenhouse study. Agronomie, 20, 547–556 (2000) @No $ @ @   Laxami C., Kruatrachue M., Pokethitiyoo K., Upatham E.S. and Soonthornsarathool, Toxicity and accumulation of lead and cadium in the filament grrrn alga cladophora fracta, A laboratory study, Science asia, 31, 121-127 (2005) @No $ @ @  Hamizah M., Mmorad N. and Fizri F.F.A. phytoaccumulation of copper and aqueous solution using Eichhornia Crassipes and Centella asiatica, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Development, 2, 3 (2011) @No $ @ @   Aisein F.A., Faleye O. and Tina E., Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in Aqueous Solutions. Leonardo J. Sci., (2010) @No $ @ @   Vermaat J. E. and Hanif K.M., Performance of common duckweed species (Lemnaceae) and the water fern Azolla filiculoides on different types of wastewater, Water Res., 32, 2569-2576 (1998) @No $ @ @  Moorhead K.K. and Reddy K.R., Oxygen transport through selected aquatic macrophytes, J. Environ. Qual., 17(1), 138-142 (1988) @No $ @ @  Patel D.K. and Kanungo V.K., Ecological efficiency of ceratophyllum Demersum L. in phytoremediation of nutrient from domestic waste, The Ecoscan, 4, 257-262 (2010) @No  
<#LINE#>Charge Transfer Studies of the Molecular Association of Pt (NO2-Acac)2 with Heterocyclic N-Bases<#LINE#>Om@Kumari,Shailendra@Raghav,Surabhi@Singh<#LINE#>268-272<#LINE#>48.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-43.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Chemistry, K.K.P. G. College, Etawah, 206001, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/9/2012<#LINE#>12/4/2013<#LINE#> Studies on charge transfer complexes of group VIII metal acetylacetates with heterocyclic N-bases has been carried out using infrared and proton magnetic resonance analysis. Due to complexation, the effect of stretching frequency of Pt (NO2-acac) 2, have been studied and discussed for the site of interaction and tentative structure for these molecular complexes.  <#LINE#> @ @  R.J. Irving and R.A Schulz, J. Chem. Soc. (Dalton Trans), 22, 2414. (1973) @No $ @ @  A. H. Price, Spectroscopy and Structure of Molecular Complexes, Ed. By J. Yarwood, Plenum Press, New York, 531, (1973) @No $ @ @  Sahai R. and Badoni V.N., Nat. Acad. Letters., 2, 214 (1979) @No $ @ @  Thankragen N. and Sen D.N., Ind , J. Chem., 2, 265 (1964) @No $ @ @  Singh P.R. and Sahai R., Austan .J. Chem, 20, 649 (1967) @No $ @ @  Nakamoto K., Morimoto Y. and Martel A.F., J. Phy. Chem., 66, 346 (1962) @No $ @ @  West R. and Reley R., J. Inorg., Nucl. Chem, 5, 259 (1958) @No $ @ @  Bellamy L.G. and Branch R.F., J. Chem. Soc., 4491. (1954) @No $ @ @  Benke G.T. and Nakamoto K., Inorg, Chem., 6, 433-440 (1967) @No $ @ @  Mulliken R.S. and Person W.B., Molecular Complex –A Lecture and Reprint Volume, Wiley Enterprises, New York, p, 216 (1969) @No $ @ @  Klopman G., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 90, 223 (1968)  , 268-272 (2013) @No $ @ @ Haga M.I., Sobe K., Boone S.R., Inorg.Chem, 29, 3795 (1990) @No $ @ @ Julie L.F., Schatz E., Ward M.D. and Weber F.J., Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 799 (1994) @No $ @ @   Ward M.D., Chem. Soc. Rev., 24, 121 (1995) @No $ @ @   Ward M.D., Inorganic Chem., 35, 1772 (1996) @No $ @ @   Gupta A.K., Poddar R.K., Ind. J. Chem., 39 A, 1187 (2000) @No $ @ @   Smelecrorie A., Djordjevic Palie S., Chem. Ind., 55 (9), 399 (2002) @No $ @ @   Chaterjee Dearata and Biswajit Raj, Ind.  J.  Chem., 41A, 1195 (2002) @No $ @ @   Farrukh Akhyar and Naqvii M., Chem., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 75-270, 80(3), 156-9 (2003) @No $ @ @   Krishnamurti K. and Paul M., Asian J. Chem., 14(2), 943-948 (2002) @No $ @ @   Chem Envir. Res., 11(1-2), 117-125 (2002) @No $ @ @  Lal R.A., Chakraborty and Bhomic S., Ind. J. Chem., 41 A, 1157- 1162 (2002) @No $ @ @   Kondar M.H. and Saiah Ananda S., Asian J. of Chem., 14(2), 657-665 (2002) @No $ @ @   Saxena A., Goswami R. and P. Khanna, Ind. J. of Chem., 43 B, 2381-2385 (2004) @No  
<#LINE#>Simulation of Traditional Composites Under Thermal Loads<#LINE#>G@Srinivas.,U.@PrasadShiva, Manikandan@ M,PraveenA.@Kumar<#LINE#>273-278<#LINE#>49.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-12.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, MIT - Manipal University, Manipal, Udupi Karnataka, INDIA  <#LINE#>2/10/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) has continuous variation of material properties from one surface to another. The gradation of properties in an FGM reduces the thermal stresses, residual stresses, and stress concentrations found in traditional composites. This paper will explore analysis of FGM flat plates under pressure i.e. thermal loading in order to understand the effect variation of material properties has on structural response. Theoretical formulation of various material properties is done using Rule of mixtures. The plate is then modeled and subjected to specific boundary conditions after which thermal analysis is carried out. The convergence studies with respect to varying mesh and layers are carried out in order to obtain accurate results. When subjected to thermal loads, the displacements and stresses vary with different metal/ ceramic proportions, in addition to this; deflection also varies greatly through the thickness. the variation of the same parameters with changing volume fraction of ceramic is also understood. Results are compared to published results in order to show the accuracy of modeling FGMs using ANSYS software.     <#LINE#> @ @  Miyamoto Y. and Kaysser W.A., Functionally Graded Materials – Design, Processing and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, (1999) @No $ @ @  Ghosh A. and Reimanis Ivar, Functionally Graded Materials: Manufacture, Properties and Applications Ceramic Transactions, 76, (1997) @No $ @ @  Cooley William and Captain G., USAF, Application of Functionally Graded Materials in Aircraft Structures, Thesis work, March (2005) @No $ @ @  Singha M.K., Prakash T. and Ganapathi M., Finite element analysis of functionally graded plates under transverse load, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design 47, 453–460 (2011) @No $ @ @  Reddy J.N. and Zhen-Qiang Cheng, Three-dimensional thermomechanical deformations of functionally graded rectangular plates, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843-3123, USA, (2001) @No $ @ @  Suresh A. Mortensen, Fundamentals Of Functionally Graded Materials – Processing and Thermo- Mechanical Behavior of Graded metals and Metal-Ceramic Composites, IOM Communications, (1998) @No  
<#LINE#>Prediction of Discharge with Elman and Cascade Neural Networks<#LINE#>Alok@Adhikari,K.C.@Patra,S.K.@Das<#LINE#>279-284<#LINE#>50.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-Civ-09.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Civil Engineering, N.I.T., Rourkela, Odisa, INDIA  <#LINE#>27/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>  The soft computing techniques have gained popularity for predictions. Stage discharge studies play a crucial role in planning, design or management of any hydraulic system. Over or under estimation of discharge value causes huge loss of investments, structures and lives. Two neural networks have been studied taking stage discharge data of an Indian river named Brahmani. Performance of each network has been summarized. Accuracy of each network model is based on the percentage of successful predictions on the test sets of each data set. Accuracy is measured via the holdout method as well as through cross validation. The present work suggests the suitability of a neural network as a tool for predicting discharge which will be useful in different field of science and engineering.    <#LINE#> @ @  Braca Giovani, Stage-Discharge relation in open channels: practices and problems, Technical report, FORALPS, (2008) @No $ @ @  Bhattacharya B. and Solomatine D.P., Application of ANN in stage discharge relationship, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Hydro Informatics, 1-7, (2000) @No $ @ @  Goel Arun, ANN based approach for predicting rating curve of an Indian river, ISRN:DOI:10.5102/2011/291370,  (2011) @No $ @ @  Goel A. and Pal M., Stage Discharge modeling using Support Vector Machines, IJE Transactions A: Basics, DOI:10.5829/idosi.ije, 25.01a.01, (2012) @No $ @ @  Bhattacharya B. and Solomatine D.P.,  Neural networks and M5 model trees in modeling water level-discharge relationship for an Indian river, ESANN`2003 Proceedings, Belgium, 23-25, April, ISBN 2-930307-03-x, 407-412 (2003) @No $ @ @  Sudhir K. P. and Jain A., Explaining the internal behavior of artificial neural network river flow models, Hydrol. Process, 118(4) , 833-844 (2004) @No $ @ @  Hajek M., Neural Networks, Neural Networks.doc, (2005) @No $ @ @  Sumathi S., Sivanandam S.N. and Deepa S.N., Introduction to Neural Networks using MATLAB, TMH, (2006) @No $ @ @  Haykin Simon O, Neural Networks- A Comprehensive Foundation, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, (2006) @No $ @ @  Guven A., Aytek A. and Md. Azamathulla H., A practical approach to formulate stage discharge relationship in natural rivers, J. Neural Computing and Applications, DOI 10.1007/s00521-012-1011-5, (2012) @No $ @ @  Srinivasulu  S.  and Jain A., A comparative analysis of training methods for artificial neural networks rainfall-runoff models, Applied Soft Computing, 6, 295-306 (2006) @No  
<#LINE#>Regression modeling of Gaseous Air Pollutants and Meteorological Parameters in a Steel City, Rourkela, India<#LINE#>N.C.@Kavuri,K.K.@Paul,N.@Roy<#LINE#>285-289<#LINE#>51.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-19.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Civil Engineering, National Institue of Technology, Roukela 769008, Odisha, INDIA  <#LINE#>5/11/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#> Traditional algorithms such as diffusion model employed for estimating the distribution of pollutants in ambient air are complicated involving the solution of complex differential equations. Employing multivariate statistical models which attempt to find the underlying relationships between a set of inputs and outputs may give an easy way to predict these gaseous pollutants. A multiple linear regression model has been developed for predicting sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, ammonia and carbon monoxide in a steel city using the meteorological parameters like temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction. Results have shown a good correlation between predictors and predicted values (R2≈0.7). A unifor ffct of the meteorological parameters in distributing these gaseous pollutants has been observed.  <#LINE#> @ @  Gurjar B.R., Butler T.M., Lawrence M.G. and Lelieveld J., Evaluation of Emissions and Air Quality in Megacities, Atmos. Environ., (42), 1593 (2008) @No $ @ @  Ozden O., Dogeroglu T. and Kara S., Assessment of Ambient Air Quality in Eskis� ehir, Turkey, Environ. Int., (34), 678 (2008) @No $ @ @  Mayer H., Air Pollution in Cities, Atmos. Environ., 33, 4029 (1999) @No $ @ @  Venegas L.E. and Mazzeo N.A., Modelling of Urban Background Pollution in Buenos Aires City Argentina, Environ. Modell. Softw., (21), 577 (2006) @No $ @ @  Cuhadaroglu B., Demirci E., Influence of Some Meteorological Factors on Air Pollution in Trabzon City, Energy Build, (25), 79 (1996) @No $ @ @  Banerjee T., Singh S.B. and Srivastava R.K., Development and Performance Evaluation of Statistical Models Correlating Air Pollutants and Meteorological Variables at Pantnagar, India, Atmos. Res., 99, 505 (2011) @No $ @ @  Collet R., Oduyemi K., Air Quality Modelling, A Technical Review of Mathematical Approaches, Meteorological Applications,  4, (1997) @No $ @ @  Shi J., Harrison R., Regression Modelling of Hourly NOx and NO2 Concentrations in Urban Air in London, Atmospheric Environment, (24), 31 (1997) @No $ @ @  Ziomass I., Melas D., Zerefos C. and Bais A., Forecasting Peak Pollutant Levels from Meteorological Variable, Atmospheric Environment, (24), 29 (1995) @No $ @ @  APHA, Nitrogen, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th Edition, American Public Health Association, Method 417, B, 379-381 (1985) @No $ @ @  Sidebottom H.W., Badcock C.C., Jackson G.E., Calvert J.G., Reinhardt G.W. and Damon E.K., Photooxidation of Sulfur Dioxide, Environ. Sci. Technol., 6 (1), 72 (1972) @No  
<#LINE#>Influence of Cellulose Superplasticiser on the Strength Property of Cementitious Materials<#LINE#>Bhuvaneshwari@B.,NageshR.@Iyer<#LINE#>290-295<#LINE#>52.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-Civ-04.pdf<#LINE#>  CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre, Chennai, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/10/2012<#LINE#>27/12/2012<#LINE#> Functions of newly synthesized cellulose based superplasticiser(SP) on cementitious materials during development of strength have been studied and the results are compared with polycarboxylic ester (PCE) SP added mortar. Marsh cone test is conducted for finalizing the required amount of SP for the mortar mix. Preliminary characterization studies such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) have been conducted on precursor materials such as Cement, Fly ash (FA), Silicafume (SF) for evaluating the elemental or oxide composition, presence of phases and surface morphology respectively. Quantification of cement and SF have been carried out through the Reitvield quantification software or Total Pattern analysis Software (TOPAS).  Compressive strength studies on mortar samples have been conducted for cellulose and PCE  SPs added mortar mixes and the results are compared with each other. It is found that, the mix having cement + FA (25%) + SF (10%) + cellulose SP (1.5% ), shows compressive strength higher after 28th days to 60 days, when compared to the mortar mix having cement + FA (25%) + SF (10%) + PCE (2.5%). Hence, it is concluded that, activation of mineral admixtures such as SF and FA has occurred in the presence of cellulose SP, which resulted in strength gain. It is observed that there is no strength reduction by using the cellulose SP and thus it gained the confidence and added advantage to use as SP towards the promotion of mineral admixtures usage for high strength or high performance concrete.   <#LINE#> @ @  Manuel C.Y., Isabel M., Juli-an M.  and Luis S., Use of Olive Biomass Fly Ash in the Preparation of Environmentally Friendly Mortars, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 6991–6996 (2011) @No $ @ @  Cerulli T., Pistolesi C., Maltese C. and  Salvioni  D., Durability of traditional plasters with respect to blast furnace slag-based plaster, Cem. Concr. Res., 33, 1375–1383 (2003) @No $ @ @   Rao G. A., Investigations on the performance of silica fume incorporated cement pastes and mortars, Cem. Concr. Res., 33, 1765–1770 (2003) @No $ @ @  Chindaprasirt  P. and Rattanasak U., Shrinkage behavior of structural foam lightweight concrete containing glycol compounds nd fly sh, Mater. Des., 32, 723–727 (2011) @No $ @ @  Tanyildizi H., Fuzzy logic model for prediction of mechanical properties of lightweight concrete exposed to high temperature,  Mate . Des., 30, 2205–2210 (2009) @No $ @ @  Watcharapong W., Pailyn T., Kedsarin P. and Arnon  C., Compressive strength, flexurl strength nd therml conductivity of autoclaved concrete block made using bottom ash as cement replacement materials, Mater. Des., 35, 434-439 ( 2012) @No $ @ @  A blueprint for a climate friendly cement industry; WWF Lafarge Conservation Partnership, (2008) , http://www.worldwildlife.org/climate/poznan/conferencepublications.html. @No $ @ @   Lei Y., Zhang Q., Nielsen C. and He K., An inventory of primary air pollutants and CO2 emissions from cement production in China, 1990-2020, Atmos. Environ., 45, 147–154 (2011) @No $ @ @  Hanehara S. and Yamada K., Interaction between cement and chemical admixture from the point of cement hydration, absorption behaviour of admixture, and paste rheology, Cem. Con. Res., 29(8), 1159–1165 (1999) @No $ @ @   Kauppi  A.,  Banfill P.F.G., Bowen P., Galmiche L., Houst Y. F., Lafuma F., Mader U., Perche F., Petersen B.G., Rekns K., Schober I., Siebold A. and Swift D., Improved superplasticizers for high performance concrete, Proceedings of the XI International Conference on the Chemistry of Cement, Durban., 528–536  (2003) @No $ @ @  Puertas F., Santos H., Palacios M. and Martinez R. S., Polycarboxylate superplasticiser admixtures: effect on hydration, microstructure and rheological behaviour in cement pastes, Adv.Cem. Res., 17(2), 77–89 (2005) @No $ @ @  Paya J., Monzo  J., Peris M.E., Borrachero M.V., Tercero R. and Pinillos C., Early-strength of portland cement mortars containing ir clssified fly shes, Cem. Concr. Res., 25, 449–456 (1995) @No $ @ @   Blanco F., Garcia M.P., Ayala J., Mayoral G. and Garcia M.A., The effect of mechniclly nd chemiclly ctivted fly shes on mortar properties, Fuel., 85, 2018–2026 (2006) @No $ @ @  Al-Rawas A.A., Hago A.W., Taha R. and Al-Kharousi  K., Use of incinerator ash as a replacement for cement and sand in cement mortars, Build. Environ., 40, 1261–1266 (2005) @No $ @ @  Wang A., Zhang C. and Sun W., Fly ash effects II, The active effect of fly sh, Cem. Concr. Res., 34, 2057–2060 (2004) @No $ @ @  Li G. nd Wu X., Influence of fly sh nd its men prticle size on certain engineering properties of cement composite mortars, Cem. Concr. Res., 35, 1128–1134 (2005) @No $ @ @  Rostmi H. nd Brendley W., Alkli sh mteril: A novel fly sh based cement, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37 (15), 3454–3457 (2003) @No $ @ @   García L.I., Palomo A. and Fern-andez J.A., Alkali aggregate reaction in activated fly ash systems, Cem. Concr. Res., 37, 175–183 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>Emerging Adult’s Perception on Romantic Love, Homosexuality and Pre Marital Sexual Relationship<#LINE#>Alka@Alka,K.@Mayuri<#LINE#>296-303<#LINE#>53.ISCA-ISC-2012-10HS-16.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Human Development and Family Studies. College of Home Science, saifabad, Hyderabad, INDIA  <#LINE#>13/9/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> The present exploratory study entitled “Emerging Adult’s Perception on Romantic Love, Homosexuality and Pre Marital Sexual Relationship” was undertaken in Hyderabad city. Self developed questionnaire was used to collect data and data were collected from 30 unmarried male and 30 unmarried female respondents who were in the age group 20-25 years. The main purpose of the present study was to understand unmarried emerging adult’s perception on Romantic Love, Homosexuality and Pre Marital Sexual Relationship and also to understand the gender differences in their perceptions on sexual relationships. Findings of the study revealed the gender differences in perception of Romantic Love, Homosexuality and Pre Marital Sexual Relationship. More male respondents compared to female respondents agreed on the concept of love at first sight and both male and female respondents perceived understanding is the most important component of love but people often mistake sexual attraction as love. Male respondents perceived sex as most important component of love where as female respondents perceived sex as not necessary; romance is psychological connection between two people. Male respondents considered physical appearance whereas female respondents considered good job as a most important characteristics to impress opposite sex. Males considered moving apart and females considered family compulsions are the main reasons of breakup of romantic love. Males perceived that in love relationship partners are generally expected to help partner as and when required and females perceived partners are expected to not get involved with other activities and give full attention to them. Majority of male respondents considered homosexuality as normal. In contrast female respondents considered it as abnormal behaviour. Most of the male respondents said sexual intercourse is acceptable if the couple is dating regularly whereas females disagreed on this point. Male and female respondents perceived that people generally get involved in premarital sexual relationship when they consider themselves in romantic relationship and male respondents said that fear of contacting STD and female respondents said that fear of pregnancy is a major repercussion of premarital sexual relationship.    <#LINE#> @ @  Gilmartin S., Changes in College Women’s Attitudes Toward Sexual Intimacy, Journal of Research on Adolescence, 16, 429-454 (2006) @No $ @ @  Lawrence F., Trends in premarital sex in the United States, 1954–2003, Public Health Reports, 122, 73–78 (2007) @No $ @ @  India today-Nielsen sex survey, Bold and Bored, (49), 41-84 (2011) @No $ @ @  American Psychological Association, Contrary to widely held beliefs, romance can last in long-term relationships, say researchers, Science Daily, Retrieved January 16, 2013, from http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2009/03/090317153039.htm (2009) @No $ @ @  Grello Catherine M., Welsh Deborah P. and Harper Melinda S., No strings attached: The nature of casual sex in college students, Journal of Sex Research, 43, 255–267 (2006) @No $ @ @  Oswalt Sara B., Cameron Kenzie A. and Koob Jeffrey J., Sexual regret in college students, Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34, 663–669 (2005) @No $ @ @  Garrison J., Smith M.D. and Besharov D.J., Sexuality and American social policy: The demoFigurey of sexual behavior, Menlo Park, CA: Henry J, Kaiser Family Foundation (1994) @No $ @ @  Abma J.C., Martinez G.M., Mosher W.D. and Dawson B.S., Teenagers in the United States: Sexual activity, contraceptive use and childbearing, 2002, National Center for Health Statistics, Vital Health Stat, 23(24), (2004) @No $ @ @  Baton Rouge L.A., Louisiana Governor’s Program on Abstinence, 2004-2005 GPA Progress Report: Abstinence Authentic, (2005) @No $ @ @  American Cancer Society, Cancer facts and figures 2005, Retrieved April 22, 2006, from http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/CAFF2005f4PWSecured.pdf @No $ @ @ Sprecher S. and Regan P.C., College virgins: How men and women perceive their sexual status, Journal of Sex Research, 33, 3-15 (1996) @No 
<#LINE#>Obesity Assessment Based on BMI in the Young Adults of Haryana- A State of India<#LINE#>Sindhu@SangeetaC.<#LINE#>304-307<#LINE#>54.ISCA-ISC-2012-10HS-21.pdf<#LINE#> Deptt. of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, CCSHAU Hissar, Haryana, INDIA  <#LINE#>13/9/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> Over the past 20 years a dramatic transition has altered the diet and health of hundreds of millions of people across the third world. In India, like most developing nations, obesity has emerged as a more serious health threat than hunger. The change of lifestyle and dietary habits is leading to the global paradox of obesity and malnutrition. The present study was planned with the objective to assess the nutritional status of the youth (18-21 yrs.) of Haryana state (India) using BMI, body fat per cent and waist to hip ratio as indicating parameters. A questionnaire was developed and pretested on 100 respondents. Appropriate changes were made in consultation with Statistician and subject experts. Seven districts namely Karnal, Panchkula, Ambala, Sirsa, Hisar, Sonipat and Rohtak from the Haryana state of India were (n=1482) studied. Students from private and government colleges who volunteered for the study were chosen as subjects. Of the total, 612 students mentioned family income below Rs. 30,000/- per month, 742 students had family income between 30,000 – 1,00,000/- month and 128 students had monthly family income above Rs.1,00,000/-. Majority (61.74 per cent) of students were categorized as normal/healthy weight based on their BMI, 23.01 per cent were under weight, 12.35 per cent were overweight while only 43 students (2.90 per cent) were categorized as obese. When considered gender wise, 18.95 per cent of male and 26.17 per cent of female students were underweight, while 16.64 and 14.16 per cent respectively were found to be overweight/obese. Body fat per cent correlated well with BMI categories but waist to hip ratio was contained within normal limits in all categories..  <#LINE#> @ @  U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.  Guide to Clinical Preventive Services. 2nd ed. Alexandria, Virginia: International Medical Publishing, Inc., 219-229 (1996) @No $ @ @  Lapidus L., Bengtsson C., Larsson B., Pennert K., Rybo E. and Sjostrom L,. Distribution of adipose tissue and risk of cardiovascular disease and death: a 12 year follows up of participants in the population study of women in Gothenburg, Sweden.  BMJ (Clin Res Ed), 289, 1257-1261 (1984) @No $ @ @  Lee I.M., Manson J.E., Hennekens C.H., Paffenbarger R.S., Jr. Body weight and mortality. A 27-year follow-up of middle-aged men, J Am Med Assoc, 270, 2823-2828 (1993) @No $ @ @  Despres J.P., Moorjani S., Lupien P.J., Tremblay A., Nadeau A., Bouchard C., Regional distribution of body fat, plasma lipoproteins, and cardiovascular disease. Arteriosclerosis, 10, 497-511 (1990) @No $ @ @  Economic survey of Haryana 2011-12. www.esaharyana.gov.in (2012) @No $ @ @  WHO, Waist Circumference and Waist-Hip Ratio, Report of a WHO expert consultation. World Health Organization, Geneva (2008) @No $ @ @  National Center for Health Statistics.  Health, United States, 2001.  With Urban and Rural Health Chartbook, Hyattsville, MD: National Centre for Health Statistics (2001) @No $ @ @  National Center for Health Statistics, Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among Adults: United States, (1999) @No $ @ @  Kim O., Kim K., Body mass index, body shape satisfaction and weight control behaviors among Korean girls, Psychol Rep., 96(3 Pt 1), 676-80 (2005) @No $ @ @  International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International, National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), India, 2005-06: Haryana. Mumbai: IIPS (2008) @No $ @ @  Subramanian S.V., Jessica M. Perkins and Kashif T. Khan, Do burdens of underweight and overweight coexist among lower socioeconomic groups in India?, Am J Clin Nutr, 90, 369–76 (2009) @No $ @ @   Jugesh Chhatwal, Manorama Verma and Sandeep Kaur Riar, Obesity among pre-adolescent and adolescents of a developing country (India), Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 13(3), 231-235 (2004) @No $ @ @  Obesity and overweight. WHO, chronic disease information sheets (2010) @No $ @ @  Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies WHO expert consultation The Lancet, 363(9403) , 157–163 (2004)   Dudeja V., Misra A., Pandey R.M., Devina G., Kumar G. and Vikram N.K.,  BMI does not accurately predict overweight in Asian Indians in northern India, Br J Nutr. Jul, 86(1), 105-12 (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Natural Dye Powder: An Easy Technique for Eco- Dyeing<#LINE#>Saroj@Yadav,Neelam@Rose,Saroj@SinghJeet,Krishna@Khambra<#LINE#>308-311<#LINE#>55.ISCA-ISC-2012-10HS-51.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Textile and Apparel Designing, I.C. College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, INDIA  <#LINE#>8/11/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> A dye is a coloured substance that has an affinity to the substance to which it is being applied the clothing were dyed with natural dye substrates. The major problem faced for survival of natural dyes were lack of availability of standard shade cards and reproducibility of shades, as a result the synthetic dyes captured the market. Because clothing is in constant contact with our skin, the chemicals used in dyeing are absorbed into our skin through the pores and these create various skin problems. The alternative to the problem is natural dyes which are more aesthetic and safe for dyers as well as wearers. Keeping in view the importance of eco textiles and their demand in the national and international market and to make dyeing less time consuming and to overcome the problem of shade variation the present investigation was carried out to prepare the ready to use dye powder for dyeing of silk and silk blend and test its colour fastness. Three dye sources viz, bhringraj leaves, kachnar bark and rein wardtia flowers were used. Dye powder was prepared from the selected dye materials by extracting dye in alkaline medium and precipitation of dye with nitric acid. Results of the study revealed that powder of bhringraj leaves dye was formed with precipitation method, kachnar bark dye’s powder was formed by both precipitation as well as alkaline method. Powder of rein wardtia flowers dye was formed by precipitation method only. The colour value of samples dyed with powdered dye of bhringraj leaves were lighter in shade as compared to extract dyed samples, whereas colour value of samples dyed with powder dye of kachnar bark and rein wardtia flowers were same as that of extract dyed samples. Fastness grades of powder dyed samples tested at different time intervals against washing and sunlight were found at par with extract dyed samples.   <#LINE#> @ @  Gulrajani M.L., Introduction to natural dyes.  In: Gulrajani, M.L. and Gupta, D. (Ed) Natural Dyes and their Applications to Textiles: 1-17, IIT, Delhi (1992) @No $ @ @  Gulrajani M.L., Gupta D. and Maulik S.R., Studies on dyeing with natural dyes: Part I-Dyeing of annatto on nylon and polyester. Indian Journal of Fibre and Textile Research, 24(6) 131-135 (1999) @No $ @ @  Tomer P., Development of technology for dye production from medicinal plants. Ph.D. Dissertation, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, (2006) @No $ @ @  Agarwal K.K., Problems and prospects of using natural dyes in an industrial enterprise, Colourage, 50(6), 37-40 (2003) @No $ @ @  Chawan R.B., Revival of natural dyes- a word of caution to environmentalists, Colourage, 42(4), 27-30 (1995) @No $ @ @  Dixit S. and Jahan S., Optimization of dyeing variables for euphorbia (Euphorbia cotinifolia) leaves dye on silk fabric, Manmade Textiles in India, 48(5), 191-193 (2005) @No $ @ @  Goel B. and Goel A., Dyeing wool, rayon blends. The Indian Textile Journal, 108(1), 48-49 (1998) @No $ @ @  Mondal S., Dutta C., Bhattacherya S., Ganguly D., Ganguly S., Bandyopadhyay S., Chattopadhyay S. and Sau M., The effect of dyeing conditions on fastness properties of natural dyes on silk fibres, Colourage, 51 (8), 33-36 (2004) @No $ @ @  Needles L.H., Textile fibers dyes, finishes and processes. Standard publisher’s distributors, Delhi, 6-67, 188, 201 (2001) @No $ @ @  Ramakrishna K., Into the golden era of natural and vegetable dyes, Colourage, 46(7), 29-30 (1999) @No 
<#LINE#>Biochemical Status of Malnourished Preschool Children after Supplementation of Soychakali<#LINE#>N.S.@Ghatge<#LINE#>312-315<#LINE#>56.ISCA-ISC-2012-10HS-69.pdf<#LINE#> Pravara Rural Education Society’s, Home Science and BCA College, Loni Taluka Rahata, District, Ahamadnager, INDIA  <#LINE#>26/11/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> Supplementary feeding programmes are the emerging need in under nutrition for vulnerable segment in the population. Food which is used for additional requirement and supply adequate nutrient hence soyachakali was formulated and evaluated for its organoleptic qualities like taste, texture, flavour and over all acceptability. Highly scored soyachakali was selected for feeding. The nutritional qualities likes major nutrients such as energy(465.0kcal), proteins (19.3 g) and fats (20.8 g) content found more in soychakali. The micro nutrients such as iron (4.9 mg), zinc (2.1 mg) and calcium (245.5 mg) were also observed higher range in soychakali It also noted that it content, very less antinutrtional factors. It has shown better keeping qualities upto two months when stored in a high gauge package at room temperature.  Soychakali has also shown very low production cost.  Hence, it found very cheap and affordable to the below poverty line group of children. The soychakali was given @ 50 g/ child/day. The biochemical parameters such as haemoglobin g/dl, serum protein g/dl, blood glucose level mg/dl; serum vitamin A �g/dl, serum iron �g/dl and serum zinc �g/dl were analyzed for the every month of interval during research work.  Significant effect on increasing blood glucose level, blood haemoglobin, serum protein, serum vitamin A, serum iron and serum zinc status of preschool children were seen after supplementation of soychakali for six months.  <#LINE#> @ @  Carrington M. Siddaling, Bird eye view soyabean, The Ind. J. Nutri and Dietet, 35, 145 (2008) @No $ @ @  Messina M. J., Soyafood their role in disease prevention and treatment in Liu Keshun, Editor Soybean chemistry, Technology and utilization Chapman and Hall, New York 443-447 (1997) @No $ @ @  Amerine M.A., Pangborn R.M. and Roessler E.B., Principles of Sensory Evaluation of Food, Academic Press, New York (1965) @No $ @ @  AOAC, Approved methods of analysis 14th edn association of official analytical chemist Washington D.C. (1984) @No $ @ @  Rghunramula N., Nair K.M. and Kulyansundram S., Annual Laboratory  techniques, National Institute of Nutrition, Hydrabad (1983) @No $ @ @  Gomez K.A. and Gomez A.A., Statistical procedures for agricultural research, Willey International John Willey and Sons, New York (1984) @No $ @ @  Belloyue O.A. and Castello, Analysis of soya meat protein by microscopic electroformatic immunological and chromatographis method, The Ind. J. Nutri and Dietet. (42), 170 (2005) @No $ @ @  Alan G.H., Grobbee D.E., Kok L. and Lampe J.W., Use of soyamilk for treatment of hypertension, Am.J. Medical Association, 292(1), 65-74 (2004) @No  
<#LINE#>Heat and Mass Transfer Effects on Flow past an Oscillating Infinite Vertical Plate with Variable Temperature through Porous Media<#LINE#>Amit@Saraswat,R.K.@Srivastava<#LINE#>316-321<#LINE#>57.ISCA-ISC-2012-12MSS-10.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Mathematics, GLA University Mathura, INDIA @ Dept. of Mathematics, Agra College Agra, Dr. B.R.Ambedker University Agra, INDIA  <#LINE#>18/1/2013<#LINE#>30/1/2013<#LINE#>  An exact solution of heat and mass transform on flow past an oscillating infinite vertical plate with variable temperature through porous media has been presented. The dimensionless governing equations are solved by using Laplace transform techniue. The velocity and teperature profiles are studied for different physical paraeters lie phase angle (ωt), theral Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gc), permeability parameter (K), Prandtl number (Pr), Schmidt number (Sc) and time t. It is oserved that the velocity increases ith decrease in ωt and increase in Gc, Gr, Pr, Sc, K and t.  <#LINE#> @ @  Soundalgekar V.M. Free convection effects on the stokes problem for an infinite vertical plate, ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, (99), 499-501 (1977) @No $ @ @  Soundalgekar V.M. and Patil M.R. On flow past a vertical oscillating plate with variable temperature, Latin American Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, (4), 143–148 (1980a) @No $ @ @  Soundalgekar V.M. and Patil M.R., Stokes problem for a vertical plate with constant heat flux, Astrophysics Space Science (70), 179–182 (1980b) @No $ @ @  Muthucumaraswamy R., Sundar Raj M. and Subramanian VSA, Unsteady flow past an accelerated infinite vertical plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion, International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 5(6), 51-56 (2009) @No $ @ @  Muthucumaraswamy R. and Valliamal V., First order chemical reaction on exponentially accelerated isothermal vertical plate with mass diffusion, International Journal of Engineering, TUME VII, fascicule I, (2009) @No $ @ @  Muthucumaraswamy R., Sathappan K.E. and Nataragan R., Heat transfer effects on flow past an exponentially accelerated vertical plate with variable temperature, Theoretical Applied Mechanics, 35(4), 323-333 (2008) @No $ @ @  Muthucumaraswamy R. and Vijayalakshmi A., Int. J. of Appl. Math. and Mech. 4(1), 59-65 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Effect of Doping Pb on the Structural and Optical Properties of Nanostructured CdS films<#LINE#>M.@Banerjee,A.@Sharma,L.@Chongad<#LINE#>322-325<#LINE#>58.ISCA-ISC-2012-15PhyS-33.pdf<#LINE#>Nanoscience and Nanotechnology laboratory, School of Physics, Devi Ahilya University, Vigyan Bhawan, Khandwa Road, Indore, INDIA @ Shri Dadaji Institute of Technology and Science, Indore Road, Khandwa, INDIA @ Government Arts and Science College, Ratlam, INDIA  <#LINE#>26/11/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> Pure and Pb doped CdS films were prepared by chemical bath deposition method onto glass substrates at room temperature. The structural and optical properties of the prepared films were characterized using XRD and UV-VIS spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed polycrystalline nature of the films. The particle size of the crystallites was determined from the XRD patterns using Scherrer formula and was found to be 27.31 nm for CdS film. The particle size shows change in case of the Pb doped film. The bandgap for CdS film as determined from the absorption spectrum is found to be 3.82 eV for CdS film, which decreases on doping with Pb.   <#LINE#> @ @  Schropp E.I. and Zeman M., Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells: Modelling, Materials and Device Technology, Kluwer Academic Pub. Boston and London (1998) @No $ @ @  Zhang H., Ma X. and Yang D., Mate. Lett. 58, 5 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ramaiha K.S., Pilkington R.D., Hill A.E., Tomlinson R.D. and Bhatnagar A.K., Mater. Chem. and Phys. 68, 22 (2001) @No $ @ @  Lee J., Appl. Sur. Sci. 252, 1398 (2005) @No $ @ @  Sahay P.P., Nath R.K. and Tewari S., Crys. Res. Technol, 42, 275 (2007) @No $ @ @  Abouelfotouh F.A., Awadi R. Al, Abd-Elnaby, Thin Solid Films, 96, 169 (1982) @No $ @ @  Ashour A., Turk. J. Phys. 27, 551 (2003) @No $ @ @  Eleruja M.A., Adedeji A.V., Azi S.O., Okulaja O.O., Osuntola O.K., Ojo I.A. and Ajayi O.B., J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 14, 1158 (1995) @No $ @ @  Cameron D.C., Duncan W., Tsang W.M., Thin Solid Films, 58, 69 (1979) @No $ @ @  Mohammed H.H., Al-Ani S.K.J., S.G.K. Al-Ani Iraqi J. Sci. 41C, 227 (2000) @No $ @ @  Krupa R., Wrzesinska A., Acta Phys. Polonica A, 53, 675 (1978) @No $ @ @  Pathan H.M., Lokhande C. D., Bull. Mater. Sci., 24, 85 (2004) @No $ @ @  Perez R.M., Rodriguez G.S., Hernandez J.S., Aevedo A.M., Carbajal A.A., Galan O.V., Alanso J.C. and Puente G.C., Thin Solid Films, 173, 480-481 (2005) @No $ @ @  Rakovics V., Mater. Res. Soc, 900E (2006) @No $ @ @    Isshiki M., Endo T., Mamato K., J. Electrochem. Soc. 137, 2697 (1990) @No $ @ @  Lee J.H., Thin Solid Films, 515, 6089 (2007) @No  
<#LINE#>Structural and Optical Properties of Pure and Copper Doped NiS Nanoparticles<#LINE#>M.@Banerjee,L.@Chongad,A.@Sharma<#LINE#>326-329<#LINE#>59.ISCA-ISC-2012-15PhyS-34.pdf<#LINE#> School of Physics, Devi Ahilya University, Vigyan Bhawan, Khandwa Road, Indore, INDIA @ Government Arts and Science College, Ratlam, INDIA @ Shri Dadaji Institute of Technology and Science, Indore Road, Khandwa, INDIA  <#LINE#>26/11/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> In this paper we report tuning of band gap of NiS nanoparticles by doping these with Cu. The pure and Cu doped NiS nanoparticles were prepared following chemical route. These nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The XRD records show well-formed nanocrystalline particles. The particle size of NiS nanoparticles as determined using Scherrer formula is found to be about 43 nm. The particle size is found to decrease in Cu doped NiS nanoparticles. UV-VIS spectroscopy was used to determine the band gap of these nanoparticles. The band gap of NiS nanoparticles is found to be 3.63eV. The effect of doping Cu on the structural and optical properties of NiS nanoparticles is described   <#LINE#> @ @  Klimov V.I., Mikhailovsky A.A., Xu S., Malko A. Hollingsworth, J.A., Leatherdale C.A., H.-Eisler J., Bawendi M.G., Science, 290, 314 (2000) @No $ @ @  Czekaj C.L., Rau M.S., Geoffroy G.L., Guiton T.A., Pantano C.G., Inorg. Chem. 27, 3267 (1988) @No $ @ @  Tenne R., Margulis L., Genut M., Hodes G., Nature, 306, 444 (1992) @No $ @ @  Li H., Chai L., Wang X., Wu X., Xi G., Liu Y., Qian Y.T., Cryst. Growth and Design ,7, 1918 (2007) @No $ @ @  Yang H.S., Holloway P.H., Ratna B.B., J. Appl. Phys. 93, 586 (2003) @No $ @ @  Oviedo-Roa R., Martinez-Magadan J. M., Illas F., J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 7951 (2006) @No $ @ @  Friemelt K., Lux-Steiner M.C., Bucher E., J. Appl. Phys., 74, 5266. (1993) @No $ @ @  Koyano M., Nishiate H., Int. Conf. Thermoelectr. 23, 130/1–130/4 (2004) @No $ @ @  Srivastava S.K., Avasthi B. N., J. Mater. Sci., 27, 3693 (1992) @No $ @ @  Wang J., Chew S.Y., Wexler D., Wang G. X., Ng, S.H., Zhong,S., Liu H.K., Electrochem. Commun., 9, 1877. (2007) @No $ @ @  Kapinus E. I.; Viktorova T. I.; Khalyavka T. A. Theor. Exp. Chem., 42, 282 (2006) @No $ @ @  JCPDS, ICDD, CARD No. 65-3686 13. Klug H.P. and Alexander L.E., X-ray Diffraction ProcrsforpoycrystainanAmorphosMatrias“(New York: Wiley), 2nd Edition, (1974) @No $ @ @   Sarmah K., Sarma R., Das H.L., Chalcogenide letters , 5, 153 (2008) @No $ @ @  Willian A.P.J., Mathematical Theory of X-Ray Powder Diffractometry, New York, Gordon and Breech, (1983) @No $ @ @   Tauc J. (Ed.), Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductor, Plenum Press, New York, 159 (1974) @No $ @ @   Xu Y. and Schoonen M.A.A., Am.Mineral ., 85, 543 (2000) @No $ @ @   Brus L.E., J.Chem. Phy., 80, 4403 (1984) @No 
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Ecological Impact of Genetically Modified Crops<#LINE#>Megha@Kansal,Kaur@SanghaGurinder<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-20.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, INDIA  <#LINE#>01/10/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Despite the potential benefits of transgenic crops, they are also concerned regarding the possible environmental and agronomic impacts. The biosafety implications of the field release of transgenic crops have attracted global attention also.Research for analyzing the short and long term effects of transgenic crops on the environment is one of the major challenges for its safe release in developing countries which are rich sources of genetic biodiversity. Horizontal transfer of genes between soils microorganisms may be facilitated by vector DNA from genetically engineered plants resulting in disturbances in the functioning of organism that affects the soil ecology and fertility. There is a need of in depth study to address the effect of transgenic plant on non-target animals, plants and other organisms. Considering the potential impact of transgenic crops on genetic diversity, pragmatic decisions should be taken by the policy-makers not to release these crops into centers of origin, delicate ecological zones and the pockets rich in biodiversity. Therefore, the challenge will be to use scientific tools and knowledge to attempt to predict problems and solve them before they happen.   <#LINE#> @ @  Mangal M., Malik K. and Randhawa G.J., Import of transgenic planting material: National scenario, Cur Sci, 85, 4 (2003) @No $ @ @  Ervin D.E., Welsh R., Batie S.S. and Carpentier C.L., Towards an Ecological Systems Approach in Public Research for Environmental Regulation of Transgenic Crops, Agri. Eco. Env., 99, 1-14 (2003) @No $ @ @  Brookes M., Running Wild, New Scientist, 38-41 (1998) @No $ @ @  Cavan G., Biss P. and Moss S.R., Herbicide Resistance and Gene Flow in Wild-Oats (Avenafatua and AvenaSterilis ssp. Iudoviciana), Ann. App. Biol., 133, 207-217 (1998) @No $ @ @  Robinson J., Ethics and Transgenic Crops: A Review, Plant Biotechnol., 2(2) (1999) @No $ @ @  Darmency H., The Impact of Hybrids Between Genetically Modified Crop Plants and Their Related Species: Introgression and Weediness, Mol. Ecol., 3, 37-40 (1994) @No $ @ @  Altieri M.A., The Environmental Risks of Transgenic Crops: An Agroecological Assessment (2001) @No $ @ @  Altieri M.A., Biodiversity and Pest Management in Agroecosystems, New York, NY, USA: Haworth Press, (1994) @No $ @ @  Radosevich S.R., Holt J.S. and Ghersa C.M., Weed Ecology: Implications for weed Management (2nd Edition), New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons. (1996) @No $ @ @  Pimentel D., Hunter M.S., LaGro J.A., Efroymson R.A., Landers J.C., Mervis F.T., McCarthy C.A. and Boyd A.E., Benefits and risks of genetic engineering in agriculture, BioSci., 39, 606-614 (1989) @No $ @ @  Gresshoft P.M., Technology Transfer of Plant Biotechnology, Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press (1996) @No $ @ @  Robinson R.A., Return to Resistance: Breeding Crops to Reduce Pesticide Resistance, Davis, CA, USA: Ag Access (1996) @No $ @ @  Tripp R., Biodiversity and Modern Crop Varieties: Sharpening the Debate, Agri. Human Values,13, 48-62 (1996) @No $ @ @  Gould F., Potential and Problems with High-dose Strategies for Pesticidal Engineered Crops, Biocont. Sci.Technol., 4, 451-461 (1994) , 1-4 (2013) @No $ @ @   Tabashnik B.E., Genetics of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis, Ann. Rev. Entomol., 39, 47-79 (1994) @No $ @ @   Kennedy G.G. and Whalon M.E., Managing Pest Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Endotoxins: Constraints and Incentives to Implementation, J. 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Human Val., 14, 237-249 (1997) @No $ @ @   Hilbeck A., Baumgartner M., Fried P.M., and Bigler F., Effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensiscorn-fed prey on mortality and development of immature Chrysoperlacarnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Environmen. lEntomol., 27, 1-8 (1998) @No $ @ @  Losey J.E., Raynor L.S., and Carter M.E., Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae [scientific correspondence], Nat., 399, 214(1999) @No $ @ @  Watrud L.S. and Seidler R.J., Nontarget ecological effects of plant, microbial, and chemical introductions to terrestrial systems. Soil Chemistry and Ecosystem Health. Special Publication 52. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin., 313-340 (1998) @No $ @ @  Hansan-Jesse L.C., and Obrycki J.J., Field deposition of Bt transgenic corn pollen: Lethal effects on the monarch butterfly, Oecol., (19 August) (2000) @No $ @ @  Wraight C.L., Zangerl A.R., Carroll M.J., and Berenbaum M.R., Absence of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensispollen to black swallowtails under field conditions, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS Online, 6 June) (2000) @No  
<#LINE#>Dot Elisa: Immunological Technique for Pesticide Residue Analysis<#LINE#>Prabha@Parmar,D.K.@Kocher<#LINE#>5-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-ISC-2012-03BS-33.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, INDIA  <#LINE#>01/10/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> Pesticides are used globally for enhancing crop yields. However, their excessive use/misuse, especially in the developing countries, results in widespread food and environmental contamination. Therefore current methods such as gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography have been used successfully, with great sensitivity and reliability, for analysis of many pesticides. However, these classical methods require a high capital expenditure and skilled analysts including time-consuming sample preparation steps. Therefore, there is a growing demand for more rapid and economical methods for determining pesticide residues. Immunoassays have recently been emerging as an alternative to traditional methods to meet such demands of fast, sensitive and cost-effective tool for pesticide residue analysis. The dot ELISA is a qualitative ELISA test, which can be performed more quickly without the need of equipments or technical expertise. Dot ELISA is a micro ELISA, utilizing antigen “dotted” onto nitrocellulose filter discs that has been used for more than 25 years. Because of its relative speed and simplicity, the dot ELISA is an attractive alternative to standard ELISA .This technique can even detect at nano-gram scale among targeted compounds in situ.  <#LINE#> @ @  Glick B.R. and Pasternak J.J., Molecular biotechnology, Ed. American Society for Microbiology., Washington,   D.C. (1998) @No $ @ @  Sherry J., Environmental immunoassays and other bio analytical methods, Overview and update, Chemosphere., 34, 10-11(1997) @No $ @ @  Walsh G., Headon D.R., Protein biotechnology. Ed. By John Wiley and Sons LTD, (1994) @No $ @ @  Herzog D.P., Immunoassays for environmental contaminants (Pesticides) in food and water, Proceedings of Food Contaminants Workshop., AOAC, Washington, D.C., 1-26 (1997) @No $ @ @  Gosling J.P., A decade of development in immunoassay methodology,Clin.Chem., 36, 1408 (1990) @No $ @ @  Langone J.J.and Van vunalis H., Immunochemical techniques. Part D. Selected immunoassays, Methods Enzymology., 84, (1982) @No $ @ @  Marco M.P., Gee S. and Hammock B.D., Immunochemical techniques for environmental analysis. II  Antibodies production and immunoassay development, Trens Anal.Chem., 14, 415 (1995) @No $ @ @  Stryer L., Biochemistry, 4th ed.; W.H. Freeman Company: New York (1995) @No $ @ @  Ekins R., A shadow over immunoassay, Nature, 340, 256 (1989) @No $ @ @  Langone J.J. and Van vunalis H., Immunochemical techniques. Part E. Monoclonal antibodies and general immunoassay methods, Methods Enzymology., 92, (1983) @No $ @ @  Langone J.J. and Van vunalis H., Immunochemical techniques. Part f. selected immunoassays, Methods Enzymology, 94, (1986) @No $ @ @  Samoilovich S.R., Dugan C.B. and Macario A.J.L., Hybridoma technology: new development of practical interest, J.Imm.Meth., 101, 153 (1987) @No $ @ @  Walsh G. and Headon D.R., Protein biotechnology Ed. By John Wiley and Sons LTD (1996) @No $ @ @  Dankwardt A., Immunochemical assays in pesticide analysis, In: Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry., Meyers, R. A. (Ed.), Wiley: Chichester, UK,1-26 (2001) @No $ @ @  Karu A., Hybridoma Facility, College of Natural Resources, University of California-Berkeley, CA, personal communication, June 28, (1988) @No $ @ @  Mumma R. and Hunter K., Potential of Immunoassay in Monitoring Pesticide Residues in Foods, OTA commissioned paper, Spring (1988) @No $ @ @  Ton D.W., Yang H.S. and Wang J.Y., Recent advances in the synthesis of artificial antigen and its application in the detection of pesticide residue, American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences., 2(2), 88-93 (2007) @No $ @ @  Cho Y.A., Lee V., Park E.Y. and  Lee Y.T., et al., Development of an ELISA for the Organophosphorus Insecticide Chlorpyrifos, Bull Korean Chem Soc., 23, 481-487 (2002) @No $ @ @  Vanderlaan M., Watkins B.E. and Stanker L., Environmental Monitoring by Immunoassay, Environ. Sci. Technol., 22(3), 247-254 (1988)  , 5-11 (2012) @No $ @ @ Hammock B., Gee S., Cheung P., et al., Utility of Immunoassay in pesticide Trace Analysis, London:  Blackwell  Scientific Publications, Pesticide Science and Biotechnology., 29(2-3), 105-29 (1988) @No $ @ @   Hunter K., Westinghouse Bio-Analytic Systems Company, Rockville, MD, personal communication, Apr. 15, (1988) @No $ @ @  Leenaars P.P.A.M., Hendriksen, C.F.M., Leeuw W.A. and Carat F., et al., The production of polyclonalantibodies in laboratory animals, The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop., ECVAM, Ispra, Italy, 35, 79-102 (1999) @No $ @ @   Pappas M.G., Recent applications of the Dot-ELISA in immunoparasitology, Vet parasitol., Sep, 29(2-3),105-29 (1988) @No $ @ @  Pappas M.G., Haikowski R., Cannon L.T. 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<#LINE#>Selection Based Efficient Algorithm for Finding Non Dominated Set in Multi Objective Optimization<#LINE#>Shailja@Sharma,Garima@Singh,KrishnaVir@Singh<#LINE#>12-16<#LINE#>3.ISCA-ISC-2012-5CITS-17.pdf<#LINE#> Department of CS / IT, S.I.T, Mathura, INDIA @ Department of CS / IT, IIMT, Gr. Noida, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/11/2012<#LINE#>30/12/2012<#LINE#> Non Dominated Sets always plays vital role in solution strategies for multi objective optimization, as the appropriateness of the solution is dependent on the selection of the sets hence efficient search for the optimal solution is dependent on the Non Dominated Sets. Finding Non Dominated set from the set of solutions is very time consuming so to increase the overall performance of the solution strategy an efficient approach is highly in demand. In this paper we have proposed a Selection Based Algorithm which finds effective Non Dominated sets among the set of solutions by establishing dominance among solutions in very less time as compared to the previous approaches.  <#LINE#> @ @  Sharifi M. and Shahriari B., Pareto Optimization of Vehicle Suspension Vibration for a Nonlinear Half-car Model Using a Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm, Res.J.Recent Sci., 1(8), 17-22(2012) @No $ @ @  Fonseca C. and Fleming P. J.,  Genetic algorithms for multiobjective optimization: Formulation, discussion and generalization, In S. Forrest (Ed.), Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, San Mateo, Californi, Morgan Kaufmann., 416C423 (2003) @No $ @ @  Horn J., and Nafpliotis N., Multiobjective optimization using the niched Pareto genetic algorithm, IlliGAL Report 93005, Illinois Genetic Algorithms Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Champaign, (1993) @No $ @ @  Horn J., Nafpliotis N., and Goldberg D. E., A niched Pareto genetic algorithm for multiobjective optimization, In Proceedings of the 1st IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation, IEEE World Congress on Computational Computation, Volume 1, Piscataway, NJ, IEEE, 82C87 (1994) @No $ @ @  Freitas A., A critical review of multi-objective optimization in data mining: a position paper, SIGKDD Explorations, 6(2), 77-86 (2004) @No $ @ @  Srinivas N. and Deb K., Multiobjective optimization using non-dominated sorting in genetic algorithms, Evolutionary Computation, 2(3), 221C248 (1985) @No $ @ @  Zitzler E.,Laumanns M. and Thiele L., SPEA2: Improving the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm, TIK-Report 103. ETH Zentrum, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland (1999) @No $ @ @  Zitzler E., Laumanns M., and Thiele L., SPEA2: Improving the strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm for multiobjective optimization, In Proceedings of the Evolutionary Methods for Design, Optimization, and Control,  Barcelona, Spain, 19-26 (2002) @No $ @ @  Deb K., Agrawal S., Pratap A. and Meyarivan T., A Fast Elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm for multi-objective optimization:NSGA-II, In proceeding of the 6th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature, 849-858 (2000) , 12-16 (2012) @No $ @ @   Deb K., Multi-Objective Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms, JOHN WILEY and SONS, LTD, 2001 33-43 (2000) @No $ @ @  Ding L., Zeng S. and Kang L., A fast algorithm on finding the non-dominated set in multi-objectve optimization, In Proceedings of International Conference on Evolutionary Computation, 2565-2571 (2003) @No $ @ @   Suqin Tang, Zixing Cai, Jinhua Zeng, A Fast method of Constructing the Non-Dominated Set: Arena`s Principle, 4th international Conference on Natural Computation, 391-395, ICNC-(2008) @No $ @ @   Du Jun, Cai Zhihua and Chen Yunliang, A Sorting Based Algorithm for finding Non Dominated Set in multi-Objective Optimization, Third International Conference on natural Computation (2007) @No $ @ @   Mishra Krishn, Verma Manoj, Singh Krishnavir, A novel algorithm for finding non-dominated set in multi objective optimization, 542-547, IC-AI (2009) @No $ @ @   Kung H., Luccio F., and Preparata F.,On finding the maxima of a set of vectors, Journal of the Association Computing Machinery, 22(4), 469-476 (1975) @No $ @ @  Deepak S.S.K., Applications of Different Optimization Methods for Metal Cutting Operation–A Review , Research J. Engineering Sci.,1(3), 52-58 (2012) @No 
<#LINE#>An Overview on the Influence of Nano Silica in Concrete and a Research Initiative<#LINE#>S.@Maheswaran,B.@Bhuvaneshwari,G.S.@Palani,NageshR@Iyer,S.@Kalaiselvam<#LINE#>17-24<#LINE#>4.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-17.pdf<#LINE#> CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre, CSIR Campus, Taramani, Chennai, INDIA @ Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, INDIA  <#LINE#>27/10/2012<#LINE#>24/12/2012<#LINE#>  Nano science and technology is a new field of emergence in materials science and engineering, which forms the basis for evolution of novel technological materials. Nano technology finds application in various fields of science and technology. This article presents a critical review of the literature on the influence of nano silica in concrete and its application for the development of sustainable materials in the construction industry and to study the pore filling effect and its pozzolanic activity with cement towards improvement of mechanical properties and durability aspects. Thus, there is a scope for development of crack free concrete towards sustainable construction.  <#LINE#> @ @  Sanchez F. and Sobolev K., Nano Technology in concrete - a review, Constr. Build Mater., 24, 2060-71 (2010) @No $ @ @  Bjornstrom J., Martinelli A., Matic A., Borjesson L. and I. Panas, Accelerating effects of colloidal nano-silica for beneficial calcium–silicate–hydrate formation in cement, Chemical Physics Letters, 392, 242–248 (2004) @No $ @ @  Ji T., Preliminary study on the water permeability and microstructure of concrete incorporating nano-SiO2, Cem. and Con. Res., 35, 1943–1947 (2005) @No $ @ @  Ye Qing, Zenan Z., Deyu K. and Ch. Rongshen, Influence of nano-SiO2 addition on properties of hardened cement paste as compared with silica fume, Constr. Build Mater., 21, 539–545 (2007) @No $ @ @  Jo Byung-Wan, Kim Chang-Hyun, Lim Jae-Hoon, Characteristics of cement mortar with nano-SiO2 particles, ACI Mat. Jl., 104(4), 404-407 (2007) @No $ @ @  Gaitero J.J., Campillo I. and Guerrero A., Reduction of the calcium leaching rate of cement paste by addition of silica nano particles, Cem. and Con. Res., 38, 1112–1118 (2008) @No $ @ @  Sololev K., Engineering of Silica nano particles for optimal performance in nano cement based materials: Nano Technology in Construction, Proceedings of the NICOM3, Prague, 139-148 (2009) @No $ @ @  Senff L., Hotza D., Repette W.L., Ferreira V.M. and Labrincha J.A., Mortars with nano-SiO2 and micro-SiO2 investigated by experimental design”, Constr. Build Mater, doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat. 2010.01.012. (2010) @No $ @ @  Senff L., Labrincha J.A., Ferreira V.M., Hotza D. and Repette W.L, Effect of nanosilica on rheology and fresh properties of cement pastes and mortars, Constr. Build Mater., 23, 2487–2491 (2009) @No $ @ @  Khanzadi M, Mohsen Tadayon , Hamed Sepehri and Mohammad Sepehri, Influence of Nano-Silica Particles on Mechanical Properties and Permeability of Concrete, Second Intl. Conf. on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, June 28-30, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy, (2010) @No $ @ @  Lin K.L., Chang W.C., Lin D.F., Luo H.L and Tsai M.C, Effects of nano-SiO2 and different ash particle sizes on sludge ash–cement mortar, Jl. of Environ. Manage., 88, 708–714 (2008) @No $ @ @  Li G., Properties of high-volume fly ash concrete incorporating nano-SiO2, Cem. and Con. Res., 34, 1043–1049 (2004) @No $ @ @  Lin D.F., Lin K.L., Chang W.C., Luo H.L and Cai M.Q., Improvements of nano SiO2 on sludge/fly ash mortar, Waste Management, 28(6), 1081-1087 (2008) , 17-24 (2013) @No $ @ @ Yazdi A.D., Sohrabi M.R., Ghasemi M.R., Mohammad Danesh-Yazdi, Investigation of Nano-SiO2 Effects on  High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete, 1st International Conference on Concrete Technology, Iran (2009) @No $ @ @   Sadrmomtazi A., Barzegar A., Assessment of the effect of Nano-SiO2 on physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete containing rice husk ash, Second Intl. Conf. on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, June 28-30, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy (2010) @No $ @ @   Nazari A. and Riahia S., Splitting tensile strength of concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag and SiO2 nanoparticles as binder, Energy and Buildings, 43(4), 864-872 (2011) @No $ @ @   Byung Wan Jo, Chang Hyun Kim, and Jae Hoon Lim, Investigations on the Development of Powder Concrete with Nano-SiO2 Particles, KSCE Journal, 11(1), 37-42 (2007) @No $ @ @   Jo Byung-Wan, Kim Chang-Hyun, and Lim Jae-Hoon, Characteristics of cement mortar with nano-SiO2 particles, ACI Mat. Jl., 104(4), 404-407 (2007) @No $ @ @   Min-Hong Zhang, Jahidul Islam and Sulapha Peethemparan, Use of nano silica to increase early strength and reduce setting time of concretes with high volumes of slag, Cem. and Con. Compo., 34, 650-662 (2012) @No $ @ @   Min-Hong Zhang, Jahidul Islam, Use of nano silica to reduce setting time and increase early strength of concretes with high volumes of fly ash or slag, Constr. Build Mater., 29, 573–580 (2012) @No $ @ @   Mastafa Jalal, Esmaeel Mansouri, Mohammad Aharifipour, Ali Reza Pouladkhan, Mechanical, rheological, durability and micro structural properties of high performance self compacting concrete containing SiO2 micro and nanoparticles, Materials and Design, 34, 389-400 (2012) @No $ @ @  Hou P et al., Modification effects of colloidal nano SiO2 on cement hydration and its gel property, Composites: Part B, http://dx.doi.org/10.10.16/j.compositesb. 2012.05.056, (2012) @No $ @ @   Stefanidou M., Papayanni I., Influence of nano- SiO2 on the Portland cement pastes, Composites : Part B, 43, 2706-2710 (2012) @No $ @ @   Berra M., Carassiti F., Mangialardi T., Paolini A.E., Sebastini M., Effect of nanosilica addition on workability and compressive strength of Portland cement pastes, Constr. Build Mater., 35, 666-675 (2012) @No $ @ @  Kontoleontos F., Tsakiridis P.E., Marinos A., Kaloidas V., Katsioti M., Influence of colloidal nano silica on ultrafine cement hydration: Physiochemical and micro-structural characterization, Constr. Build Mater., 35, 347-360 (2012) @No $ @ @   Feldman R.F., Sereda P.J., A model for hydrated Portland cement paste as deduced from sorption-length change and mechanical properties, Materials and Structures, 6, 509-519 (1968) @No
<#LINE#>TiO2 Microstructure, Fabrication of thin Film Solar Cells and Introduction to Dye Sensitized Solar Cells<#LINE#>Mahesh@Dhonde,Rajesh@Jaiswal<#LINE#>25-29<#LINE#>5.ISCA-ISC-2012-15PhyS-05.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Engg. Physics Prestige Institute of Engineering and Science, Indore INDIA @ Dept. of Engg. Physics Prestige Institute of Engineering and Science, Indore INDIA  <#LINE#>30/10/2012<#LINE#>08/2/2013<#LINE#> Various materials and technologies were developed such as use of single crystals, poly crystalline materials, thin film and nano particles deposition etc. To reduce the cost and spectral shift in the visible region methods of doping by nano particles of noble metal/ organometals this also enhances the conversion efficiency under different parametric variations. Different types of solar cells were developed in order to minimize the cost of dollars per watt and to maximize selectivity of the wavelength of solar spectrum in an effective manner. The objective of the present study is to review the progress in the solar cell technology along with problems associated with different solar cells utilized in the visible range of sunlight and the methods to optimize the efficiency and the cost.    <#LINE#> @ @  Goetzberger et al. / Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells 74 1–11Solar cells: past, present, future (2002) @No $ @ @  J. Moser, Monatsh. Chem., 8 (1887) @No $ @ @  Science21, 244(4902) , 297-304 (1989) @No $ @ @   Pearson G.L., 18th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PV founders award luncheon (1985) @No $ @ @  Fuller C.S., Pearson G.L., J.Appl.Phys., 25, 676 (1954) @No $ @ @   Green M.A., et al., Prog. Photovoltaics Res. Appl., 9 (2001) @No $ @ @   Wolf M., Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, San Diego (1980) @No $ @ @   Spitzer M., Shewchun J., Vera E.S., Loferski J.J., Proceedings of the 14th IEEE PhotovoltaicSpecialists Conference, San Diego (1980) @No $ @ @   McEvoy A.J. and Gr�tzel M., Solar Energy Mater., 32 (1994) @No $ @ @   Regan B.O., Gr�tzel M., Nature 335 (1991) @No $ @ @ 737;(b) M. Gr�tzel, Nature 414 (2001) @No $ @ @  West W., Proc. Vogel Centennial Symp. Photogr. Sci. Eng., 18 (1874) @No $ @ @  Hagfeldt M. Gr�tzel, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 269–277 (2000) @No $ @ @   Namba S. and Hishiki Y., J. Phys. Chem., 69 (1965) @No $ @ @   Gerischer H. and Tributsch H., Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 72 (1968) @No $ @ @   Dare-Edwards M.P., Goodenough J.B., Hamnet A., Seddon K.R. and Wright R.D., Faraday Disc., Chem. Soc., 70 J.B. H. Tsubomura, M. Matsumura, Y. Noyamura, T. Amamyiya, Nature 261 (1976) @No $ @ @   Duonghong D., Serpone N. and Gr�tzel M., Helv. Chim. Acta, 67 (1984) @No $ @ @  DeSilvestro J., Gr�tzel M., Kavan L., Moser J. and Augustynski J., J.Am. Chem. Soc., 107 (1985) @No $ @ @   Regan O., Gr�tzel M., Nature, 335 (1991) @No $ @ @   Amadelli R., Argazzi R., Bignozzi C.A. and Scandola F., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112 (1990) @No  
<#LINE#>Adaptations in Technology: Building the Rail line of the BB and CI Railway 1852-1869<#LINE#>Madhumita@Bandyopadhyay<#LINE#>30-35<#LINE#>6.ISCA-ISC-2012-20SocS-03.pdf<#LINE#> Smt.P.N.Doshi Women’s College of Arts, Ghatkopar(W), Mumbai, INDIA  <#LINE#>3/7/2012<#LINE#>23/1/2013<#LINE#> There were technological transfers into India through developmental projects during the colonial period.  Railway was one such important technological breakthrough which was introduced into India by the industrialized British. This paper exemplifies the adaptation of western technology and practices to Indian conditions. Since the circumstances in India, both ecological and social, were dissimilar to Britain, alternative technologies developed through a series of experiments. The eventual perfection of techniques after an elaborate process of trials and errors is explained in this paper with actual examples from the Bombay Baroda and Central India Railway Company that was built between Bombay and Ahmedabad from 1852-1869. The construction of Rail line consisted of a complex process involving many operations like the preparation of the rail bed, the placing of the plates through various gradients and curves, the laying of sleepers and ballast. In all these operations there were technological transfers, which were modified in accordance to Indian situations. Certain such examples have been highlighted in this paper.  <#LINE#> @ @  Crawford J.H.G., Superintending Engineer to Goldsmid H.E., Secretary to Government, Letter no.17 of 1853, 31 Jan 1853, Maharashtra State Archives(hereafter MSA), Public Works Department (hereafterPWD), Railway,13, 137-138 (1853) @No $ @ @  Derbyshire Ian, The Building of India’s Railways: The application of Western Technology in the Colonial Periphery 1850-1920” cited in Ian Kerr(ed), “Railways in Modern India” Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 268-70, 278 (2001) @No $ @ @  Grant C.W., Bombay Cotton and Indian Railways, London, 45 (1850) @No $ @ @  Simms F.W., Consulting Engineer and Director of the Railway Department, Captain A.H.C.Boileau, and J.R.Western, Report on the practicability of introducing railways in India and on eligible line submitted to the Government of India, 13 March 1846, cited in Bhubanes Misra(ed), Railway Construction in India, Selected Documents, Vol. I, Northern Book Centre, New Delhi, 153 (1999) @No $ @ @  The Marquis of Dalhousie, Governor General of India, Minute, Railways in India, 20 April, 3 (1853) @No $ @ @  Lane J.B., Managing Agent, BBandCIRC, to Hayes J.B., Traffic Manager, BBandCIRC, Letter no.2000 of 1861, 13 April 1861, MSA, PWD, Railway, 15, 159 (1861) , 30-35 (2013) @No $ @ @   Schivelbusch Wolfgang, The Railway Journey- The Industrialization and Time and Space in the 19th century, University of California Press, California, 20-23 (1986) @No $ @ @  Crawford J.H.G., Consulting Engineer to Hart William, Secretary to Bombay Government, Letter no. 224 of 1856, 29 Feb 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 39, 35-37 (1856) @No $ @ @   Crawford J.H.G., Consulting Engineer to Hart William, Secretary to Bombay Government, Letter no. 224 of 1856, 29 Feb 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 39, 35-37 (1856) @No $ @ @   William Hart, Secretary to Bombay Government, Resolution no. 171 of 1856, 19 March 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 39, 67,68 (1856) @No $ @ @  Forde A.W., Chief Engineer to Lane, Letter no.171, 15 March 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 39, 81-87 (1856) @No $ @ @   Court of Directors to the Governor in Council, Letter no.46 of 1856, 17 Dec 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 40, 234-236 (1856) @No $ @ @   Trevor J.S., Deputy Superintending Engineer to Crawford, Letter no.730 of 1859, 9 Feb1859, MSA, PWD,Railway,50, 27 (1859) @No $ @ @   Ibid., 29 15. Forde to Lane, Letter no.84 of 1858, 18 Feb 1858, MSA, PWD, Railway,14, 167-168 (1859) @No $ @ @  Trevor to Rivers Harry, Superintending Engineer, Unnumbered letter, 3 March 1858, MSA, PWD, Railway, 14, 163 (1859) @No $ @ @  Lane to Rivers, Deputy Superintending Engineer, Letter no. 200 of 1856, 11 March 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 7, 51-52 (1856) @No $ @ @  Court of Directors to the Governor in Council, Letter no.46 of 1856, 17 Dec 1856, MSA, PWD, Railway, 40, 245-246 (1856) @No $ @ @  Captain Humpkins, Acting Superintending Engineer to Hart, Letter no.147 of 1857, 28 Jan 1857, MSA, PWD, Railway, 21, 6 (1856) @No $ @ @  Trevor to Rivers, Letter no.41 of 1857, 19 Feb 1857, MSA, PWD, Railway, 4, 526-527 (1857) @No $ @ @  Court of Directors to the Governor in Council, Letter no.44 of 1857, 30 Sept 1857, MSA, PWD, Railway, 13, 362-363 (1857) @No $ @ @  Banks L.P., Assistant Engineer to Gair J., Resident Engineer, Letter no.34 of 1863, 1 Jan 1863, MSA, PWD,Railway,8, n.p. (1863) ; Rivers to Lane, Letter no.1318 of 1864, 31 May 1864, MSA, PWD, Railway, 28, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Ethernigton T., Platelayer to Banks L.P., Assistant Engineer, Letter no.172 of 1862, 17 Dec 1862, MSA, PWD, Railway, 8, n.p.(1863)  ; Trevor to Rivers Harry, Consulting Engineer for Railways, Letter no.507 of 1864, 11 May 1864, MSA, PWD, Railway, 28, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Lane to Trevor, Letter no.62 of 1862, 3 Jan 1862, MSA, PWD, Railway,37,233(1862)  ; Bayly W.C., Senior Deputy Engineer to Whyte H.F., Assistant Agent, Letter no.2149 of 1862, 6 Oct 1862, MSA, PWD,Railway, 8, n.p. (1863) @No $ @ @  Sanderson C., Chief Engineer, BBandCI  to Lane, Letter no.47 of 1861, 6 Feb 1861, MSA,PWD,Railway,14,275 (1861) ; Trevor to Rivers, Letter no.507 of 1864, 11 May 1864, MSA, PWD, Railway, 28, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @  Malcolm Robert, Deputy Consulting Engineer for Railways, to the Consulting Engineer, Unnumbered letter, 9 Jan 1863, MSA, PWD, Railway, 26, n.p. (1863) @No $ @ @   Mathew F., Chief Resident Engineer to Lane J.B., Letter no. 1003 of 1864, 6 Aug 1864, MSA, PWD,Railway, 26, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Lane to Rivers H., Secretary to Government, Letter no.2682 of 1864, Undated, MSA, PWD, Railway, 26, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Mathew F., Chief Resident Engineer to Lane J.B., Letter no. 1003 of 1864, 6 Aug 1864, MSA, PWD,Railway, 26, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Trevor to Crawford, Letter no.171 of 1859, 31 March 1859, MSA, PWD, Railway,28, 103-104 (1864) @No $ @ @   Trevor to Crawford, Letter no.117 of 1860, 21 Feb 1860, MSA, PWD, Railway, 26, 283-284 (1860) @No $ @ @   Hancock H.F., Acting Deputy Consulting Engineer to Consulting Engineer for Railways, Letter no.1b of 1861, 5 May 1861,  MSA, PWD, Railway, 22, 210 (1861) @No $ @ @  Trevor J.S. to Crawford J.H.G., Letter no.171 of 1859, 31 March 1859, MSA, PWD, Railway, 28, 112 (1859) @No $ @ @   Hancock to the Consulting Engineer for Railways, Letter no.563 of 1860, 19 July 1860, MSA, PWD, Railway, 44, 113 (1860) @No $ @ @   Sanderson to Lane, Letter no.47 of 1861, 6 Feb 1861, MSA, PWD, Railway, 14, 284 (1861) @No $ @ @   Trevor to Rivers Harry, Consulting Engineer for Railways, Letter no.507 of 1864, 11 May 1864, MSA, PWD, Railway, 28, n.p. (1864) @No $ @ @   Trevor to Crawford, Letter no. 654 of 1858, 12 Nov 1858, MSA, PWD, Railway, 15, 197-198 (1858) @No $ @ @  Davidson Edward, The Railways of India: With an Account of their Rise, Progress and Construction, F.N.Spon, London, 297 (1868) @No $ @ @   Governor in Council to Deputy Consulting Engineer, Resolution no.540 of 1861, 16 May 1861, MSA, PWD, Railway, 14, 368 (1861)  , 30-35 (2013) @No $ @ @   Under Secretary to Government to Consulting Engineer for Railways, Resolution no.584 of 1869, 25 March 1869, MSA, PWD, Railway, 7, n.p. (1869) @No $ @ @  Kerr Ian J., Building the Railways of the Raj 1850-1900,Oxford University Press, Delhi, 33, (1996) @No $ @ @   Kennedy C.H., Secretary, BBandCI Railway to Lane, Extract para 6 of a letter No.796 dated 10 September 1857, MSA, PWD, Railway, 6, 279-280 (1857) @No $ @ @   Ulm Elwin, Conservator of Forests to Secretary to Government, General Department, No.1751 of 1857, 24 Nov 1857, MSA, PWD, Railway, 13, 379-381 (1857) @No $ @ @  Lane to Trevor, Memorandum no.574 of 1858, 26 Feb 1858, MSA, PWD, Railway, 7, 213-214 (1858) @No $ @ @   Lane to Trevor, Letter no.1173 of 1858, 21 April 1858, MSA, PWD, Railway, 77, 321-323 (1858) @No $ @ @   Creosoting was important for protection of sleepers from destructive white ants that entered into the interior of the sleeper, and lodged themselves in the soft wood at the centre. Whyte. H.F., Resident Engineer to Mathew F., Chief Resident Engineer, Letter no.1096 of 1867, 23 May 1867, MSA, PWD, Railway, 34, 201(1867) @No $ @ @   Landon James, Director of the BBandCIRC to the Directors of the BBandCIRC, Unnumbered letter, 21 April 1859, MSA, PWD, Railway, 24, 40-41 (1859) @No $ @ @   Currey C., Agent to F. Mathew, Chief Resident Engineer, Letter no.3420 of 1867, 7 Nov 1867, MSA, PWD, Railway, 34, 238 (1867) @No $ @ @   Lane to Mathew, Letter no. 653 of 1865, 10 Feb 1865, MSA, PWD, Railway, 26, 208 (1865) @No $ @ @   Derbyshire Ian, “The Building of India’s Railways” op.cit. 276, 281(2001) @No 
<#LINE#>Emerging Trends in Indian Agriculture: A Review<#LINE#>Rajvir@Singh,ShahiSudhir@Kumar,D.J.@Mishra,U.K.@Mishra<#LINE#>36-38<#LINE#>7.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-31.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Agronomy, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of A.H. and Dairying, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Soil Science and Ag. Chemistry, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Ag. Botany, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/8/2012<#LINE#>27/8/2012<#LINE#>  Green revolution has been the major success story of free India. The nation that was frequently plagued by famines and chronic food shortage before green revolution, we are today in position where we are contending with the problem of surplus. From a food grain production around 55 million tons at the time of independence, we now boost of production of more than 250 million tons of food grain (2011). Agriculture has been a source of livelihood for more than two thirds of our population. Unlike developed nation, agriculture still remains the backbone of our country. To free India from its reliance on the developed nations for its food need, agriculture was promoted in a big way. Agriculture in India is not merely a business enterprise; it is more a way of life. Indian agriculture is undergoing rapid transformation since the introduction of green revolution technology. The recent policy of liberalization and globalization has opened up new avenues for agriculture modernization. This has not only stressed on improving agricultural inputs, infrastructural facilities in rural areas but liberalizing inputs reducing subsidies, loosening ceiling laws and generating agricultural surplus for home and international markets. In view of the increasing prosperity in the rural areas demands are being raised for agricultural taxation and according industry status to agriculture.  <#LINE#> @ @  Korikanthimath U.S. and Manjunath B.L. integrated farming system for sustainability in agricultural production. Indian journal of Agronomy, 54(2), 140-48 (2009) @No $ @ @  Prasad R. Modern Agriculture vis-�-vis organic farming. Current science, 89, 252-53 (2005) @No $ @ @  Singh Panjab. Realising an agricultural dream. The Hindu survey of Indian Agriculture, (2002) @No $ @ @  Singh R., Singh N., Phogat S.B., Sharma U.K., Singh R. and Singh N. Income and employment potential of different farming system, Haryana Agricultural University journal of research, 29(3-4), 143-45 (1999) @No $ @ @  Savitha B. and Ratnakar R. Adoption of organic farming practices by the farmers of Andhra Pradesh, Current Advances in Agriculture sciences, 3(1), 61-63 (2011) @No $ @ @  Ranganatha AD, Veerabhadriah and Lalitha KC, Adoption of  organic farming practices by small farmers, Agricultural Extension Review, 3-6, Nov.-Dec. (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Role of Bio-Fertilizer in Organic Agriculture: A Review<#LINE#>D.J.@Mishra,Rajvir@Singh,U.K.@Mishra,ShahiSudhir@Kumar<#LINE#>39-41<#LINE#>8.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-32.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of Soil Science and Ag. Chemistry, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Agronomy, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Ag. Botany, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of A.H. and Dairying, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>7/11/2012<#LINE#>27/8/2012<#LINE#> Bio-fertilizers are one of the best modern tools for agriculture. It is a gift of our modern agricultural science. Biofertilizers are applied in the agricultural field as a replacement to our conventional fertilizers. Conventional fertilizers contain compost; household wastes and green manure. Those are not as effective as chemical fertilizers. So, farmers often try to use chemical fertilizers in the field for crop development. But obviously the chemical fertilizers are not environment friendly. They are responsible for water, air and soil pollution and can spread cancer causing agents. Moreover, they may destroy the fertility of the soil in a long run. Scientists have developed Biofertilizers to prevent pollution and to make this world healthy for everybody in a natural way. Bio-fertilizer contains microorganisms which promote the adequate supply of nutrients to the host plants and ensure their proper development of growth and regulation in their physiology. Living microorganisms are used in the preparation of bio-fertilizers. Only those microorganisms are used which have specific functions to enhance plant growth and reproduction. There are different types of microorganisms which are used in the bio-fertilizers. Bio-fertilizer being essential components of Organic farming play vital role in maintaining long term soil fertility and sustainability.   <#LINE#> @ @  Arun K.S., Bio-fertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Mechanism of P-solubilization Sixth edition, Agribios publishers, Jodhpur, India, 196-197 (2007) @No $ @ @  Subba Roa N.S., An appraisal of biofertilizers in India. The biotechnology of biofertilizers, (ed.) S.Kannaiyan, Narosa Pub. House, New (2001) @No $ @ @  Venkatashwarlu B. Role of bio-fertilizers in organic farming: Organic farming in rain fed agriculture: Central institute for dry land agriculture, Hyderabad, 85-95 (2008) @No $ @ @  Wani S.P. and Lee K.K., Microorganisms as biological inputs for sustainable agriculture in Organic Agriculture (Thampan, P.K.ed.) Peekay Tree Crops Development Foundation, Cochin, India, 39-76 (1995) @No $ @ @  Wani, S.P. and Lee K.K., Population dynamics of nitrogen fixing bacteria associated with pearl millet (P. americanum L.), In biotechnology of nitrogen fixation in the tropics, University of Pertanian, Malaysia, 21-30 (2002) @No 
<#LINE#>Strategies for Sustainable Dairy Farming in India: A Review<#LINE#>ShahiSudhir@Kumar,Rajvir@Singh,U.K.@Mishra,D.J.@Mishra<#LINE#>42-44<#LINE#>9.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-33.pdf<#LINE#> Dept. of A.H. and Dairying, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Agronomy, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Ag. Botany, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Dept. of Soil Science and Ag. Chemistry, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/8/2012<#LINE#>27/8/2012<#LINE#> Livestock production is the vital sector which action a major source of income to the impoverished rural households throughout the world. Live stock equip people with food, income, draught power and fertilizer and act as the major livelihood means of millions of our country, where crop farming faces challenges India is one among the fastest growing economics of the world and mainly depends on the agrarian sector as a tool for progress. Dairy sector is emerging as the highest contributor to the agricultural wealth of India, surpassing even cereals. India is the highest milk producing country in the world contributing 17% of the world production. The annual milk production in India has reached 121.50 million tones in 2011 against the 17 million tonnes in 1951 and the annual growth rate in this sector is 4 % which is nearly three times that of the world. Sustainable dairy farming is an interaction of many factors that influence production and reproduction environment, longevity of live and input management.   <#LINE#> @ @  Annual Report, NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, Mumbai (1999) @No $ @ @  Anon  Annual Report on National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, (ICAR), Bangalore (2000) @No $ @ @  Basic animal husbandry statics, Dept. of animal husbandry, dairying and fisheries, Govt. of India (2010) @No $ @ @  Economic survey, ministry of finance, Govt. of India (2010-11) @No $ @ @  Sooch S.S., Value addition and promoting life style of rural masses through efficient livestock waste disposal. Proceedings of the national symposium on emerging management concepts for sustainable livestock and poultry production, ISAPMCON, Nov.2-4, Ludhiana, Punjab (2011) @No  
<#LINE#>Speciation and Toxicity of Arsenic: A Human Carcinogen<#LINE#>Shailesh@Gupta,Vikesh@Gupta<#LINE#>45-53<#LINE#>10.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-76.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Humanities and Science, Govt. Polytechnic College, Nowgong, Chhatarpur, MP, INDIA @ Department of Physics, Sushila Devi Bansal College of Engineering, Indore, MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>6/11/2012<#LINE#>19/1/2013<#LINE#> Arsenic is an element found in nature in rocks, soils, water and air in fact, it is one of the most common elements on earth. Arsenic is widely distributed throughout Earth’s crust, generally as arsenic sulfide or as metal arsenates and arsenites. The major source of arsenic pollution in the environment is the smelting of ores such as those of gold, silver, copper and others. Arsenic from these sources is distributed in the air, water, soil and finds its way into the human system by way of direct inhalation or through contamination of food and consumer products. The world health organisation (WHO) recommended that many authorities reduce their regulatory limits and it has established a provisional guideline value of 10 μg/l for arsenic in drinking water. While arsenic has been used historically in industry in fertilizers and preservatives, it is probably best known as a poison, toxic to humans who ingest it. Large doses are fatal relatively quickly, while smaller doses over time can cause diseases such as several types of cancer and skin disorders. Arsenic can become an environmental hazard when it is weathered from local geologic units and enters the groundwater supply. In the world today, many populations are at risk for arsenic poisoning due to exposure from contaminated drinking water. Arsenic contamination of drinking water is presently a worldwide epidemic. Contaminated drinking water has been found in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, China, Hungary, West Bengal, Bangladesh and Vietnam. Of these regions, West Bengal and Bangladesh are most seriously affected in terms of the size of the population at risk and the magnitude of the health problems. An estimated 300,000 people in West Bengal alone suffer from arsenic-induced skin lesions. Serious illnesses related to arsenic such as melanosis, keratosis, cancer, and gangrene have been reported in West Bengal and Bangladesh. In the process of arsenic metabolism, inorganic arsenic is methylated to monomethylarsonic acid and finally to dimethylarsinic acid, followed by excretion through urine. Thus, arsenic exposure may cause DNA hypomethylation due to continuous methyl depletion, facilitating aberrant gene expression that results in carcinogenesis. Further, though arsenic is nonmutagenic, it interacts synergistically with genotoxic agents in the production of mutations, and also induces chromosome abnormalities and cell proliferation.   <#LINE#> @ @  Chakraborti D., Rahman M.M., Paul K., Sengupta M.K., Chowdhury U.K., Lodh D., et al. Arsenic calamity in India and Bangladesh sub-continent-whom to blame, Talanta, 58, 3-22 (2002) @No $ @ @  Datta D.V., Mitra S.K., Chhuttani P.N. and Chakravarti R.N., Chronic oral arsenic intoxication as a possible aetiological factor in idiopathic portal hypertension (non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis) in India, Gut, 20, 378-84 (1979) @No $ @ @  Garai R., Chakraborty A.K., Dey S.B. and Saha K.C., Chronic arsenic poisoning from tubewell water,  J Indian Med Assoc, 82, 34-5 (1984) @No $ @ @   IARC, Some drinking-water disinfectants and contaminants, including Arsenic Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, Lyon, France, WHO, 84, 68-70 (2004) @No $ @ @  Nickson R., Sengupta C., Mitra P., Dave S.N., Banerjee A.K. and Bhattacharya A. et al, Current knowledge on the distribution of arsenic in groundwater in five states of India, J. Environ. Sci. Health, 42, 1707-18 (2007) @No $ @ @  Ravenscroft P., McArthur J.M. and Hoque B.A., Geochemical and Palaeohydrological Controls on Pollution of Groundwater by Arsenic. In: Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects IV. W.R. Chappell, C.O. Abernathy &R. Calderon (Eds), Elsevier Science Ltd. Oxford, (2001) @No $ @ @  Kinniburgh D.G., Smedley P.L., Trafford J.M., Milne C.J., Hug S.M.I., Ahmed K.M. and Burden S., The National Hydrochemical Survey. In: Kinniburgh D.G. and Smedley P.L. (Eds.), Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater in Bangladesh. Volume 2: Final Report. British Geological Survey Report, WC/00/19. British Geological Survey, UK (6), 77-103 (2001) @No $ @ @  Bhattacharya P., Frisbie S.H., Smith E., Naidu R., Jacks G. and Sarkar B., Arsenic in the environment, a global perspective. In: Sarkar B, editor, Handbook of heavy metals in the environment, New York: Marcell Dekker, 147-215 (2002) @No $ @ @  Smedley Pl, Kinniburgh DG, A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters,  Appl. Geochem., 17, 517-68 (2002) @No $ @ @  Mandal B.K. and Suzuki K.T., Arsenic around the world: a review, Talanta, 58, 201-35(2002) @No $ @ @  Yan-Chu H., Arsenic in Environment, Part I: Cycling and Characterization (ed. Nriagu, J. O.), John Wiley & Sons Inc., 17–49 (1994) @No $ @ @  Report of World Health Organization, Geneva, published by joint sponsorship under the United Nations Environmental Programme, International Labour Organization, and World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 18 (1981) @No $ @ @  Azcue J.M. and Nriagu J.O., Arsenic in Environment. Part I: Cycling and Characterization (ed. Nriagu, J. O.), John Wiley and Sons Inc.,1–15 (1994) @No $ @ @  Bhumbla D.K. and Keefer R.F., Arsenic in Environment. Part I: Cycling and Characterization (ed. Nriagu, J. O.), John Wiley & Sons Inc., 51–82 (1994) @No $ @ @  Driehaus W, Seith R, Jekel M (1995) , Oxidation of arsenate (III) with manganese dioxides in water treatment, Water Res., 29(1), 297-305 (1995) @No $ @ @   Jain CK, Ali I (2000)  , Arsenic: Occurrence, toxicity and speciation techniques, Water Res., 34, 4304-4312 (2000) @No $ @ @   Baeyens W., de Brauwere A., Brion N., De Gieter M., Leermakers M., Arsenic speciation in the River Zenne, Belgium, Sci. Total Environ., 384, 409-419 (2007) @No $ @ @   Smedley PL, Kinniburg DG, A review of the source, behavior and distribution of arsenic in natural waters, Appl. Geochem., 17, 517-568, (2002)  , 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @   World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality, Third Edition Incorporating The First And Second Addenda, Vol. 1, Recommendations World Health Organization, WHO Press, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 306 (2008) @No $ @ @   Bard A.J., Parsons R. and Jordan J., Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solutions, Marcel Dekker, New York  (1985) @No $ @ @   Ali I., Aboul-Enein H.Y., Speciation of arsenic and chromium metal ions by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography, Chemosphere, 48, 275-278 (2002) @No $ @ @   Bhumbla D.K. and Keefer R.F., Arsenic in Environment, Part I: Cycling and Characterization (ed. Nriagu, J. O.), John Wiley & Sons Inc., 51–82 (1994) @No $ @ @   Chopra Pawan C. and Rodcline A.,  Arsenic: Exposure and Health Effects (eds Abernathy, C. O., Calderon, R. L. and Chappel, W. R.), Chapman & Hall UK, 69–77 (1997) @No $ @ @   Guo H.R., Arsenic: Exposure and Health Effects (eds Abernathy, C. O., Calderon, R. L. and Chappel, W. R.), Chapman & Hall, UK, 243–259 (1997) @No $ @ @   Newsletter of Indian Training Network and All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, 3, 1–12 (1996) @No $ @ @   Report of World Health Organization, Geneva, published by joint sponsorship under the United Nations Environmental Programme, International Labour Organization, and World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 18 (1981) @No  
<#LINE#>An Economical and Ecological Industrial Management for the Development, India (A tentative plan-Agra Industrial Ecosystem)<#LINE#>Tandon@R,Tandon@ H,A.@Agarwal<#LINE#>54-57<#LINE#>11.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-96.pdf<#LINE#> MBA, Sikkim Manipal University, INDIA @ Hindustan College of Science and Technology, INDIA   @ Dept. of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology (FET), Agra College, Agra, INDIA  <#LINE#>24/11/2012<#LINE#>18/1/2013<#LINE#>  Chemicals approximately always affect our environment, so our industry seems to be a curse for the nature. The concept in Industrial Ecological Management is analogy of industrial system to natural ecological systems. It presents an ecological and ecofriendly approach. In the industrial ecological system, industry should be considered as an interacting system rather than isolated components.The waste producing industries should be connected into an operating web that minimizes the total amount of industrial material that goes to the waste, disposal sinks or lost in intermediate processes. In this idea, waste should be considered as a potential useful resource. An ideal industrial ecological system developed in the city of Kalundborg, Denmark, can be an example to develop our nation and our Taj city in an ecofriendly way for the industry.   <#LINE#> @ @  L. W. Jelinski, T. E. Graedel, R. A. Laudise, D. W. Mccall and  C.K.N. Patel, Industrial ecology, Concepts and approaches, Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA, 89, 793-797 (1992) @No $ @ @  www.en.mahidol.ac (2012) @No $ @ @  Ecological industrial policy as a key element of a sustainable economy in Europe, Matt hias Machnig Ecological industrial policy (2012) @No $ @ @  Daly H.E, Toward some operational principles of sustainable development., Ecological Economics, 2, 1–6, (1990) @No $ @ @  http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-industrial-pollution. htm (2012) @No $ @ @  R-http://newcity.ca/Media/Kalundborg.gif (2012) @No $ @ @  H. Kaur, Environmental Studies, pragati Edition, unit 6, social issues and the environment, 245 (2010) @No $ @ @  Promoting Transformation towards Sustainable Consumption and Production in a Resource and Energy Intensive   Economy - the Case of Finland, Industrial symbiosis and the policy instruments of sustainable consumption and production, Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(16), 1865–1875, (2011) @No $ @ @  Ecological Engineering, Its Development, Applications and Challenges,  45, 5–12 (2012) @No $ @ @  Huesemann Michael H. and Joyce A. Huesemann. Technofix, Why Technology Won’t Save Us or the Environment, New Society Publishers, Canada, 464 (2011) @No  
<#LINE#>Copper Toxicity: A Comprehensive Study<#LINE#>Ashish@Badiye,Neeti@Kapoor,Himanshu@Khajuria<#LINE#>58-67<#LINE#>12.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-93.pdf<#LINE#>RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur, MH, INDIA @ Amity University, Noida, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/11/2012<#LINE#>25/12/2012<#LINE#> Copper (Cu) is an essential trace minerals that is vitally important for physical and mental health. But due to wide spread occurrence of copper in our food, hot water pipe, nutritional deficiencies tablet and birth control pills increases chances of copper toxicity.  Copper is not poisonous in its metallic state but some of its salts are poisonous. Copper is a powerful inhibitor of enzymes. It is needed by the body for a number of functions, predominantly as a cofactor for a number of enzymes such as ceruloplasmin, cytochrome oxidase, dopamine β-hydroxylase, superoxide dismutase and tyrosinase. It is present in several haematinics and its salts are also used therapeutically because of their astringent and antiseptic properties but sometimes copper salts are poisonous for human organ system.Copper Toxicity is increasingly becoming common these days. It is a condition in which a increase in the copper retention in the kidney occurs. Copper first start depositing in the liver and disrupts the liver’s ability to detoxify elevated copper level in the body thus adversely affect nervous system, reproductive system, adrenal function, connective tissue, learning ability of new born baby, etc.  When acidic foods are cooked in unlined copper cookware or in lined cookware where the lining has worn through, toxic amounts of copper can leech into the foods being cooked. This effect is exacerbated if the copper has corroded, creating reactive salts. The compounds of copper, often acting poisonously are blue vitriol (bluestone), the sulphate; and verdigris. In large amount taken at once, either of these will cause severe vomiting, pain in the abdomen, and purging; afterwards headache, and, in fatal cases, convulsions or paralysis before death. Slow poisoning will result from taking small amounts of copper daily, as in cooked or pickled articles, for a length of time.The current paper provides an overview of copper toxicity: acute and chronic, general symptoms, mode of administration medico-legal and forensic aspects, possible detection methods, treatment, etc.   <#LINE#> @ @  Jones Al and Dorgan PI, Hepatic toxicology, In: Shannon MW, Borron SW, Burns MJ, eds. Haddad and Winchester's , Res.S.E., Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose, 4th ed. Philadelphia, Chap 11 (2007) @No $ @ @  Saravu K, Jose J, Bhat MN, Jimmy B, and Shastry B.A., Acute ingestion of copper sulphate: A review on its clinical manifestations and management, Res. S. E. 74-80 (2007)  Available from: http://www.ijccm.org/text.asp 2007/11/2/74/33389  @No $ @ @ Goeringa P.L and Barber D.S, Hepatotoxicity of Copper, Iron, Cadmium, and Arsenic, Comprehensive Toxicology, (9), 501-526  @No $ @ @ Sinkovic A, Strdin A, and Svensek F., Severe acute copper sulphate poisoning: a case report, Severe acute copper sulphate poisoning: a case report. Arh High Rada Toksikol, 59(1), 31-5 (2008) @No $ @ @  Franchitto N, Gandia-Mailly P, Georges B, Galinier A, Telmon N, Ducass� J.L. and Roug� D., Acute copper sulphate poisoning: a case report and literature review, Resuscitation, 78(1), 92-6 (2008) @No $ @ @  http://chestofbooks.com/health/reference/Home-Cyclopedia-Of-Health-And-Medicine/Copper-Poisoning.html  @No $ @ @ Parikh C.K, Medical Jurisprudence and Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Medical Publications, Mumbai, 775-777 (1979) @No $ @ @   Eck P. and Wilson  L., Toxic Metals in Human Health and Disease, Eck Institute of Applied Nutrition and Bioenergetics Ltd, Phoenix, AZ, (1989) @No $ @ @   Gentleman A.L, Why Am I Always So Tired? Harper San Francisco, (1999) @No $ @ @   Nolan K, Copper Toxicity Syndrome, J. Orthomolecular Psychiatry, Pfeiffer, C. Mental and Elemental Nutrients, Keats Publishing, New Canaan, CT, 270-282 (1975) @No $ @ @   Wilson L, Nutritional Balancing and Hair Mineral Analysis, L.D. Wilson Consultants, (2005) @No $ @ @ (2010) @No $ @ @   Wilson Lawrence, copper toxicity syndrome , centre of development, (2011) @No $ @ @   Andreja Sinkovic, Alenka S Trdin and Franci Svensek, Severe acute copper sulphate poisoning A case report, (2008) @No $ @ @   Chatwal R Gurudeep and Anand K Sham, Instrumentation  methods of chemical analysis, Himalaya publishing house (2007) @No $ @ @   Jinsong liu, Hengwv Chen and Mao Xin Jin, Determination of Trace copper Lead, Cadmium, and Iron in Environmental and Biological Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Coupled to Flow Injection On-Line Co precipitation Pre concentration Using DDTC-Nickel as Co precipitate Carrier, 267-282 (2006) @No  
<#LINE#>Critical appraisal of various techniques used for flow modeling in non-prismaticcompound open channel flow<#LINE#>Naik@B.,K.K.@Khatua,Dash@S.S.<#LINE#>68-75<#LINE#>13.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-18.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Civil Engineering, N.I.T. Rourkela, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#>  Each river in the world is unique. Some are gently curve, others meander, and some others are relatively straight and skewed. The size of river geometry also changes from section to section longitudinally due to different hydraulic and surface conditions called non -prismatic channel. Much works done on river hydraulics are found to bed non prismatic compound channels. There has also been significant progress of work in meandering channels. But an area which has been somewhat neglected is that of non-prismatic channels. This paper scrutinizes various phenomenon related to non-prismatic channel in different type of flow systems. As discharge prediction is a vital issue in flood risk management and more important for a river in changed geometry. Therefore, a critical appraisal of the various techniques developed by various researchers across the globe for the past few decades to predict the stage-discharge relationship of a non-prismatic compound channels is extremely essential. Because it will facilitate the researchers to focus on the area of river hydraulics and that may lead to solve for other related objectives. Many methods adopted and developed by earlier researchers for both prismatic and non-prismatic compound channel areanalysed in this paper.  <#LINE#> @ @  Knight D.A. and Demetrious J.D., Flood Plain and Main Channel Flow interaction. J.Hydr.Engg, ASCE, 109, 8, 1073-1092 (1983) @No $ @ @  Khatua K.K, Patra K.C, and Mohanty P.K., Stage-Discharge Prediction for Straight and Smooth Compound Channels with Wide Floodplains, J. Hydr. Engg., ASCE, (2012) @No $ @ @  Bousmar D., Wilkin N., Jacquemart J.H., Zech Y., Overbank flow in symmetrically narrowingfloodplains. J. Hydraul. Eng., ASCE, 130(4), 305-312 (2004) , 68-75 (2013) @No $ @ @ Bousmar D. and Zech Y., Discussion of two-dimensional solution for straight and meandering overbank flows., J. Hydraul. Eng., 128(5), 550-551 (2002) @No $ @ @   Proust S., Rivi�re N., Bousmar D., Paquier A. and Zech, Y., Flow in compound channel with abrupt flood plain contraction, J. Hydraul. Eng., 132(9), 958-970 (2006) @No $ @ @  Chow V.T., Open-channel hydraulics, New York, Mc. Graw-Hill Book Co, Hydraul. Eng., 137(8), 815-824 (1959) @No $ @ @   Shiono K., Al-Romaih J.S. and Knight D.W., Stage-Discharge Assessment in Compound Meandering Channels, Hydraul. Eng, ASCE, 125(1), 66-77(1999) @No $ @ @   Ackers P., Stage–discharge functions for two-stage channels, the impact of new researches, Inst Water Environ Manage, 7, 52–61 (1993) @No $ @ @   Bousmar D., and Zech Y., Momentum transfer for practical flow computation in compound channel, J. Hydraul. Eng., 125(7), 696-706 (1999) @No $ @ @   Wark J.B., Samuels P.G. and Ervine D.A., A practical method of estimating velocity and discharge in compound channels, Proc., Int. Conf. on River Flood Hydraulics, Wallingford, U.K.,Wiley, Chichester, U.K., 163–172 (1990) @No $ @ @  Cunge J.A., Holly F.M. Jr and Verwey A., Practical Aspects of Computational River Hydraulics. Pitman, London (1980) @No $ @ @   Ervine D.A., Babaeyan-Koopaei K. and Sellin R.H.J., Two dimensional solution for straight and meandering overbank flows, J. Hydraul. Eng., 126(9), 653–669 (2000) @No $ @ @   Shiono K. and Knight D.W., Turbulent open channel flows with variable depth across the channel, J. Fluid Mech., 222, 617–646 (1991) @No $ @ @   Huthoff F.P.C., Roos D.C.M., Augustijn S.J.M. and Hulscher H., Interacting Divided Channel Method for Compound Channel Flow., J. Hydraul. Eng, ASCE, 134 (8), 1158-1165 (2008) @No $ @ @   Yen B.C., Hydraulics of floodplains: Methodology for backwater computation., Institutf�r Wasserbau, Univ. Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. Rep. No.  84(5), (HWV053) (1984) @No $ @ @  Rezaei B. and Knight, D.W., Overbank flow in compound channels with non-prismatic floodplains J. Hydraul. Research (2011) @No $ @ @   Rezaei B., Overbank flow in compound channels with prismatic and non-prismatic floodplains, PhD Thesis, Univ. of Birmingham, U.K.(2006) @No $ @ @   Rezaei B. and Knight D.W., Application of the Shiono and Knight Method in compound channel with non-prismatic floodplains, J. Hydraul. Research, 47 (6), 716-726 (2009) @No $ @ @   Charles B., Hin J. And Darrien Mah Yau S., Study of flow of a non-symmetrical compound channel with rough flood plain, Journal, The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia  69(2),  (2008) @No $ @ @   Thermal and Hydrodynamic Analysis of the Impingement Cooling inside a Backward Facing Step Flow Khudheyer S. Mushatet, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011)   , 304-309 (2012) @No $ @ @   Numerical Investigation of External Flow around the Ahmed Reference Body Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Chauhan Rajsinh B. and Thundil Karuppa Raj R., Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(9), 1-5(2012) @No $ @ @  Numerical study of fluid flow and effect of inlet pipe angle In catalytic converter using CFD Thundil Karuppa Raj R. and Ramsai R., Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(7), 39-44 (2012) @No $ @ @  Discharge Characteristics of Sharp Crested Weir of Curved Plan-form Kumar S., Ahmad Z., Mansoor T. and Himanshu S.K., Research J. Engineering Sci.,1(4), 16-20 (2012) @No $ @ @   French R.H., Open-channel hydraulics, McGraw-Hill, New York (1985) @No  
@Short Communication
<#LINE#>Occurrence of white Grubs in ground nut Growing area of Khed Taluka, part of Northern Western Ghats, MS, India<#LINE#>S.V.@Theurkar,M.K.@Ghadage,S.S.@Madan,G.L.@Bhor,S.B.@Patil<#LINE#>1-3<#LINE#>1.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-16.pdf<#LINE#> JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajsthan, INDIA @ Dept. of Botany, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Rajgurunagar, INDIA @ Dept. of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Rajgurunagar, INDIA  <#LINE#>07/9/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> The white grubs are destructive and troublesome insect pest all over the world. White grubs are called “Chaffer beetle” or “May- June beetle”. White grubs have been defined as larvae of Melolonthidae. White grubs found in Khed Taluka particularly Holotrichia serrata and Holotrichia fissa. Crop survey on farm research organized as per Tran Huy Tho, Pham Thi Vuong, Nguyen Thi Mao, Nguyen Chuc Quynh and Pham Chi Hoa during the past. Western region of Khed Taluka is major groundnut growing area. We find the occurrence of Holotrichia serrata in said area, in the commercial crop growing area we observed occurrence of Holotrichia serrata and. Holotrichia fissa. The attempt has been made to observed occurrence of white grub found in Southern region of Taluka. The southern regions occupy industries area. Around this region we observe the occurrence Holotrichia serrata is more as compared to Holotrichia fissa.  <#LINE#> @ @  Ranga Rao G.V., Groundnut entomological work during spring 1995–96. Summary of sabbatical work on insect pests associated with peanut crop in Vietnam. ICRISAT Project Report, Patancheru 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 109 (1995) @No $ @ @  Yadava, C.P.S. and Sharma, G.K., Indian white grub and their management. All India Coordinated research Project on White grubs, Technical Bulletin No. 2. Indian Council of Agriculture Research (1995) , 1-3 (2013) @No $ @ @ Musthak Ali T.M., Biosystematics of phytophagous Scarabaeidae- an Indian overview. In: Sharma G., Mathur Y.S., Gupta, R.B.L., (Eds.) Indian Phytophagous Scarabaeidae and their Management, Agrobios (India), 5- 47 (2001) @No $ @ @   Hussain M., Some observation on the biology and control of phyllophaga consaguinea Blanch, a potent pest of groundnut in Andhra Pradesh, Ind. J. Plant Prot., 2, 107- 110 (1974) @No $ @ @   Rao B.H.K., Narayana K.L. and Narsimha Rao B., White grub problem in Andhra Pradesh and their control. In: proceeding of the 1st All India Symposium on Soil Biology and Ecology in India, Banglore, 22- 26 September, 206-209 (1976) @No $ @ @   Pal S.K., White grubs and their management. Monographs No. 5 central Arid Zone research Institute Jodhpur India (1977) @No $ @ @  Guppy J.C. and Harcourt G.D. Spatial pattern of the immature stages and teneral adults of Phyllophaga spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in permanent meadow, Canadian Entomologist, 102, 1345-1359 (1970) @No $ @ @   Ritcher P.O., Description of some common North Indian Scarabaeid larvae (Coleoptera), Indian Journal of Entomology, 23, 15-23 (1971) @No $ @ @   Mishra P.N. and Singh M.P., Determination of predominant species of white grubs in Garhwal Region of Uttar Pradesh Hills (India), Journal of Entomological Research, 23,12-19 (1999) @No $ @ @   Veeresh G.K., Studies on the root grub in Karnataka, UAS Monograph Series No. 2, University of Agricultural Science, Hebbal, Bangalore, 87 (1977) @No $ @ @  Mittal, I.C., Pajni, H.R., New species belonging to (Coleoptera: scarabaeid: Melolonthidae) from India, Entomon, 2, 85- 88 (1977) @No $ @ @   Khan K.M. and Ghai S., Taxonomical status of genus Holotrachia Hope (Melolonthidae: scarabaeid) with description of five new species from India along with re-descriptions of two poorly described species and a key to species, Bull. Entomol, 23, 28- 45 (1982) @No $ @ @   Mittal I.C. Survey of Scarabaeid (Coleoptera) fauna of Himanchal Pradesh (India), Journal of Entomological Research, 24, 133-141 (2000) @No $ @ @  Potter D.A., Patterson C.G. and Redmond C.T. Influence of turf grass species and tall fescue endophyte on feeding ecology of Japanese beetle and southern masked chafer grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Journal of Economic Entomology, 85, 900-909 (1992) @No $ @ @   Crowson R. A., The biology of the Coleoptera, Academic Press, London, 396 (1981) @No $ @ @   Hlavac T.F., The prothrox of Coleoptera: origin, major features of variation, Psyche, 79 (1972)  23-149 (1973) @No $ @ @   Tran Huy Tho, Pham Thi Vuong, Nguyen Thi Mao, Nguyen Chuc Quynh and Pham Chi Hoa. Some results of research on white grubs in upland crops and their management. Plant Protection Research and Extension Scientific Report, Vietnam: Oil Plant Institute of Vietnam, 27–29 (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Genetic Diversity for Yield and Its Components in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)<#LINE#>M.@Singh,I.@Swarup,M.@Billore,P.R.@Chaudhari<#LINE#>4-6<#LINE#>2.ISCA-ISC-2012-1AFS-17.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics,College of Agriculture, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/9/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> Seventy five genotypes of blackgram were subjected to genetic divergence by using D2 statistic. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters by D2 analysis. Cluster V consisted maximum accessions (21) followed by cluster VI (19) and VII (13) and cluster I consisted only 1 accession. The inter-cluster distances were greater than intra-cluster distances, revealing that considerable amount of genetic diversity existed among the accessions. Plant height, seed yield per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight were major traits causing genetic divergence among accessions. Cluster II had highest mean value for number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per plant, cluster IV had highest value for number of seeds per plant and number of seeds per pod.  The accessions IU-65-2-1 and IU-73-2-1 may serve as potential parents for hybridization programme in the improvement of yield.  <#LINE#> @ @  Mahalanobis P.C., On the generalized distance in statistics, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. India, 12, 49–55 (1936) @No $ @ @  Ali M.N., Suparna Gupta, Somnath Bhattacharyya and Sarkar, H. K., Evaluation of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) germplasm using multivariate analysis, Environment and Ecology, 26(2A), 943-945 (2008) @No $ @ @  Chauhan  M.P., Mishra A.C., Singh A.K., Genetic divergence studies in urd bean (Vigna mungo L.), Legume Research, 31(1), 63-67 (2008) @No $ @ @  Ganesh Ram S.,  Rajkumar  R.,  Gomathi Nayagam  and Rathnaswamy  R., Variability and association  of analysis yield components in green gram, Madras Agricultural Journal, 85, 188-198 (1997) @No $ @ @  Sagar M.N., Sekhar M.R. and Reddy G.L.K., Genetic divergence in blackgarm (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), Andhra Agricultural Journal, 48 (3and4), 185-190 (2001) @No  
<#LINE#>Plasma Progesterone Levels of Corpus Luteum during Pregnancy in Microchiropteran Bat Hipposideros Speoris (Schneider)<#LINE#>A.M.@Watkar,M.P.@Barbate<#LINE#>7-9<#LINE#>3.ISCA-ISC-2012-2AVFS-08.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Zoology, Bhalerao Science College, Saoner, Dist. Nagpur, Maharashtra, INDIA  <#LINE#>30/9/2012<#LINE#>24/12/2012<#LINE#> The peripheral plasma progesterone concentrations were measured by radio immunoassay during the complete life span of corpus luteum in the Microchiropteran bat, Hipposideros speoris (Schneider). Soon after the ovulation during mid December all the females in the colony become pregnant irrespective of their age. Hence the corpus luteum formed during estrus period itself forms corpus luteum of pregnancy. Due to sinistral dominance the ovulation was restricted exclusively to the left side of the ovary and consequently the corpus luteum was formed in the same ovary every time and the progesterone concentration found to be 16.8 ng/ml. Two types of corpus luteum intra-ovarian and extrovert have been observed. Some of the specimens collected during December and January showed an intra-ovarian large corpus luteum occupying major part of the ovary whereas in the other it was extrovert appearing as an umbrella during late December and the progesterone valus was elevated to 20.2ng/ml. During early January it reaches its maximum size just prior to implantation of the blastocyst, when it mushrooms out into a nearly spherical ball, with its main bulk projecting out from the ovarian surface and the progesterone level was 28.8ng/ml. It develops maximally by the time the blastocyst reaches the uterus (mid-January) and was nearly as large as rest of the ovary attached to it by small pedicle, the progesterone level was rose and remained high till the regression (30.3 ng/ml). The commencement of regression of the corpus luteum was synchronised with the formation of the early trophoblastic placenta with shrinkage in its size was noticed until it occurred as a small stump projecting from the surface of the ovary at the time when the chorio-vitelline placenta was well established during early and mid-February and a fall in the mean progesterone level was noted (3.1 ng/ml). The progesterone concentration rose steeply (30.1 ng/ml) and reached a plateau till March and April. Soon after the establishment of the chorio-allantoic placenta the corpus luteum became fibrous and was restricted to a corner. It was reabsorbed during mid-pregnancy (late March) and by late gestation (late April) it was completely lost in the stroma.   <#LINE#> @ @  Vander Stricht, O. Sur le processus de l’excretion des glandes endocrines; le corps jaune et la glande interstitielle de l’ovaire,  Arch. Biol., Paris,  27, 585 (1912) @No $ @ @  Crichton E.G., Hoyer P.B. and Krutzsch P.H., Cellular composition and steroidogenic capacity of the ovary of Macrotus californicus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) during and after delayed embryonic development,  Cell Tissue Res., 260, 355-366 (1990) @No $ @ @  Yoshinaga K., Gonadotrophin induced hormone secretion and structural changes in the ovary during the nonpregnant reproductive cycle. In: Greep R O, Astwood EB (eds.), Handbook of Physiology, Sec. 7, Vol. 2, Pt. 1. Bethesda, MD: Am Physiol Soc., 363-388 (1990) @No $ @ @  Chard T., Hormone assay methods. In: Fuchs F, Klopper A (eds.), Endocrinology of Pregnancy, 3rd Ed. Philadelphia : Harper and Row, Chapter, 2, 19-36 (1983) @No $ @ @  Kallen F.C., Plasma and blood volumes in the little brown bat., Am J. Physiol, 198, 999-1005 (1960) @No $ @ @  Khan N. and Karim K.B., Corpus luteum and plasma progesterone concentration in Hipposoderos lankadiva lankadiva (Kelaart), Abst. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.India (In press) (2003) @No $ @ @  Moller O.M., The progesterone concentrations in the peripheral plasma of the mink (Mustela vison) during pregnancy, J. Endocrinol, 56, 121-132 (1973a) @No $ @ @  Blanford W.T., The fauna of British India-Mammalia. Taylor and Francis, London (1891) @No $ @ @  Honacki J.H., Kinman K.E. and Koeppl J.W., Mammal Species of the World, Allen Press, U.S.A. (1982) @No $ @ @  Oxberry B.A., Female reproductive patterns in hibernating bats, J. Reprod Fertil, 56, 359-67  (1979) @No $ @ @  Jerrett D.P. Female reproductive patterns in nonhibernating bats, J Reprod Fertil, 56, 368-78 (1979) @No $ @ @  Burns J.M. and Easley, R.G. Hormonal control of delayed development in the California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus. III, Changes in plasma progesterone during pregnancy, Gen Comp Endocrinol, 25, 529-33 (1977) @No $ @ @  Morishige W.R., Pepe G. and Rothchild I. Serum luteinnizing hormone, prolactin and progesterone levels during pregnancy in the rat, Endocrinology, 92, 1527-30  (1973) @No $ @ @  McCormack J.T. and Greenwald G.S. Progesterone and oestradiol-17� concentrations in the peripheral plasma during pregnancy in the mouse, J. Endocrinol, 62, 101-07 (1974) @No $ @ @  Michael S.D., Geschwind II, Bradford, G.E., Stabenfeldt, G.H. Pregnancy in mice selected for smaller litter size: reproductive hormone levels and effect of exogenous hormones, Biol Reprod, 12, 400-07 (1975) @No $ @ @  Leavitt W.W. and Blaha G.D., Circulating progesterone levels in the golden hamster during the estrus cycle, pregnancy and lactation, Biol Reprod, 3, 353-61 (1970) @No $ @ @  Challis J.R.G., Heap R.B. and Illingworth D.W. Concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone in the plasma of non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating Guinea pigs, J. Endocrinol, 51, 333-45  (1971) @No $ @ @  Heap R.B. and Hammond J.Jr., Plasma progesterone levels in pregnant and pseudo pregnant ferrets, J. Reprod Fertil, 39, 149-52 (1974) @No $ @ @  Buchanan G.D. and Younglai E.V., Ovarian progesterone during pregnancy in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifagus lucifagus, Proc Can Fed Biol Soc., 28, 155 (1985) @No $ @ @  Racey P.A. and Swift S.M., Variations in gestation length in a colony of pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) from year to year, J. Reprod Fertil, 61, 123-29 (1981) @No  
<#LINE#>Synthesis of some Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole derivatives<#LINE#>N.A.@Rashidi,B.N.@Berad<#LINE#>10-12<#LINE#>4.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-15.pdf<#LINE#> Post Graduate Department of Chemistry, Shri Shivaji Science College Amravati, (M.S) INDIA @  Department of Chemistry, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur PINCode-440033, (M.S) INDIA  <#LINE#>18/7/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> A series of N-(4-chlorophenyl) amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (IVa-f) have been synthesized by the condensation of acid hydrazides (Ia-f) and 4-(chlorophenyl) isocyanodichloride (II). Six different aromatic acid hydrazides were obtained by the estrification of aromatic acid followed by treatment with hydrazine hydrate. The compound (II) was prepared by the exhaustive chlorination of p-chloro isothiocyanate. Structures of all the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by physical characterization and IR and NMR and Mass spectral analysis.  <#LINE#> @ @  Hiremath S.P. and Goudar N.N., Ind. J. Chem., 21B, 321-324 (1982) @No $ @ @  Dutta M.M., Goswami B.N. and Kataky J.C., J. Ind. Chem. Soc, LXIV 195-978 (1987) @No $ @ @  Parekh O., Sharma V. and Batra H., Ind. J. Chem., 37, 797-800 (1998) @No $ @ @  Farah M., Pilotti A., Drug Discovery Today, 11(3-4), 165-174 (2006) @No $ @ @  Waston B., Tierney J. and Lidstrom P., Drug Discovery Today, 6, 373–380 (2002) @No $ @ @  Kidwai M., Kumar P. and Goel Y., Ind. J. Chem., 36B, 175-179 (1997) @No $ @ @  Khan K.M., Rani M. and Haider S.M., Lett. Org. Chem., 1, 151 (2004) @No $ @ @  Vogel. A.I, Tatchell. A.R, Furnis B.S. and Hannaford A.J, P.W.G. Smith Vogel’s Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th Ed. Singapore: Pearson Education, 699 (2004) @No $ @ @  Sudeep K. Mandal et al.; International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR),1(11), 465-472 (2010) @No $ @ @  Zamani K., et al., Synthesis of Some New Substituted 1,2,4-Triazole and 1,3,4-Thiadiazole and Their Derivatives Turk J Chem., 27, 119-125 ((2003) @No $ @ @  Ilango K., Valentina P., Umarani N. and Kumar T., Indian J Chem., 2009, 1(1), 72-78. @No $ @ @ A I. Vogel., A Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry, Including Qualitative Analysis, Longmans, IIIrd Ed, (1958) @No $ @ @   Dyson G.M. and Harington, J. Chem. Soc.,191 (1940) @No $ @ @   Kalsi P.S., ‘Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds’, New Age International (P) Ltd., Vth edition (2004) @No $ @ @   Kemp W., ‘Organic Spectroscopy’, Palgrave, IIIth edition (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Biological Evaluation of 1, 3-Bis-(2- Substitutedamino-6-Substitutedimino-1, 3, 5- Thiadiazin- 4- yl)-Thiourea Derivatives as Antimicrobial agents<#LINE#>M.E.@Shelke<#LINE#>13-14<#LINE#>5.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-33.pdf<#LINE#>  H.V.P.M.’s College of Engineering and Technology Amravati M.S., INDIA  <#LINE#>3/9/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> A series of 1,3-bis (2- substitutedamino-6-substituted-imino-1,3,5-thiadiazin- 4- yl)-thiourea [3a(i) to 3f (iii)] have been obtained by basification of their hydrochlorides [2a(i) to 2f (iii)].The latter were synthesized by the interaction of  1,3-bis (N-substitutedamidinothiocarbamido)- thiourea (1) and N-aryl/alkylisocyanodichlorides in 1:2 molar ratio. The compound (1) was prepared initially by the condensation of aryl/alkylisothiocyanate and 1,3-diformamidinothiourea in 1:2 molar ratios. The structure of all these compounds was established on the basis of IR and NMR spectral data. All the synthesized compounds have been assayed for their antibiological activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogens and found that they possess insecticidal, and bacteriocidal.  Some 1,3,5-thiadiazine compounds show remarkable biological activity.  <#LINE#> @ @  Aboul-Fadi T., Hussein M.A., ElShorbagi A.N., Kallil A.R., Arch.Pharm (Weinbeim), 335, 2002,(438). @No $ @ @  Alfred K. and Tantaway A., Arch.Pharm.(Weinbeim), 311, 935 (1978) @No $ @ @   Shelke M.E. and Tayade D.T., Synthesis of 1-substituted-2-thio-(1H)-4-[(2-imino-4- thiobiureto-5-yl) guanyl]-6-substitutedamino-1,2-dihydro-s-triazines AJC, 18(3) (2006) @No $ @ @   Shelke M.E., Antimicrobial activity of 1-Substituted-2-thio-(1H)-4-(3-phenylthiocarbamido-1-yl)-6-(1-substitutedguani-dino-3-yl)-1,2- dihydro-S-triazine, JPAM, 1(1), 123-125 (2007) @No $ @ @   Dhake J.D., Indian J. Chem, 9B, 1415 (1971) @No $ @ @   Patel N.B. and Gorgamwala Y.S., J.Instt.Chemist, 74, 50 (2002) @No $ @ @  Ghiya B.J. and Kawadkar R.K., AJC, 10, 976 (1998) @No $ @ @   Cavanagh F., Analytical Microbiology, Academic Press, New York, 126 (1963) @No $ @ @   Barry A.L., The Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test; Principle and Practices, edited by Illus Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia, Pa, U.S.A., 180, (1976) @No $ @ @   Vogel A.I., Text book of practical organic chemistry including qualitative organic analysis, ELBS and Longman Greek and Co. Ltd., 615 (1954) @No $ @ @  Tayade D.T., Ph.D.Thesis SGBAU (1996) @No 
<#LINE#>Electronic Structure of Iron- Pnictide SmO1-xFxFe As Superconductor Using X- Ray Absorption Spectroscopy<#LINE#>D.@Neena,P.A.@Alvi,K.B.@Garg,S.@Dalela<#LINE#>15-17<#LINE#>6.ISCA-ISC-2012-11MatS-32.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Physics, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali Vidyapith, INDIA @ Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, INDIA @ Department of Pure & Applied Physics, University of Kota, Kota, INDIA  <#LINE#>20/11/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#> In this paper electronic structure of Fe- based superconductor SmO1-xFxFeAs (x = 0.2) has been studied using polarized X-ray absorption spectroscopy measured at ELLETRA synchrotron Trieste, Italy. The XAFS spectra for Sm M4,5 , Fe L2,3 and O K- edge has been analyzed and the results are explained to show the possible hybridization responsible for superconductivity in these compounds, which may be assumed due to a charge transfer from Sm-O layer to the Fe-As layer as a result of fluorine doping.   <#LINE#> @ @ Kamihara Y., Watanabe T., Hirano M. and Hosono H.,Iron-Based Layered Superconductor La [O1-xFx]FeAs  (x=0.05-0.12) with Tc = 26 K, Am. Chen. Soc., 130, 3296-3297 (2008) @No $ @ @   Wang X.C., Liu Q.Q.,. Lv Y.X , Gao W.B., Yang L.X., Yu R.C., Li F.Y. and Jin C.Q., The superconductivity at 18 K  in LiFeAs system, Solid State Commun., 148, 538-540 (2008) @No $ @ @   Rotter M., Tegel M. and Johrendth D., Superconductivity at 38 K in the Iron Arsenide (Ba1_xKx)Fe2As2, Phys. Rev.  Lett., 101, 107006-4p (2008) @No $ @ @   Wen H.H., Mu G., Fang L., Yang H. and Zhu X., Superconductivity at 25K in hole-doped (La1−xSrx)OFeAs,   Europhys Lett., 82, 17009-5p (2008) @No $ @ @   Ogino H.,  Katsura Y., Horii S., Kishio K. and Shimoyama J., New iron-based arsenide oxides (Fe2As2)(Sr4M2O6)(M = Sc, Cr), Supercond. Sci. Technol., 22, 085001-5 (2009) @No $ @ @   Liu R.H., Wu G., Wu T.,  Fang D.F., Chen H., Li S.Y., Liu K., Xie Y.L., Wang X.F., Yang R.L., He C., Feng D.L. and Chen X.H., Phase Diagram and Quantum phase transition in Newly Discovered Superconductors: SmO1−xFxFeAs. Con-mat, arXiv, 0804, 2105 (2008) @No $ @ @   Putti M., Pallecchi I., Bellingeri E., Cimberle M. R., Tropeano M., Ferdeghini C., Palenzona A., Tarantini C., Yamamoto A., Jiang J., Jaroszynski J., Kametani F., Abraimov D., Polyanskii A., Weiss J.D., Hellstrom E.E., Gurevich A., Larbalestier D.C., Jin R., Sales B.C., Sefat A.S., McGuire M.A., Mandrus D., Cheng P., Jia Y., Wen H.H., Lee S. and Eom C.B., New Fe-based superconductors: properties relevant for applications, J. Supercond, Sci. Technol, 23, 034003-10 (2010) @No $ @ @   Yuan H.Q., Singleton J.  , Balakirev F.F., Baily S.A., Chen G.F.,  Luo J.L. and Wang N.L., Nearly isotropic superconductivity in (Ba,K)Fe2As2, Nature, 457, 565–568 (2009) @No $ @ @   Chen S.Y., Lu Y.H.,  Huang TW., Yan D.C. and Dong C.L., Oxygen Dependent magnetism of CeO2 nanoparticles prepared by thermal decomposition method, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114 ,19576- 19581 (2010) @No $ @ @  Yang W.L., Sorini A.P., Chen C.C., Moritz B., Lee W.S., Vernay F., Velasco P.O., Denlinger J.D., Delley B., Chu J.H., Analytis J.G., Fisher I.R., Yang J., Lu W., Shen Z.X. and Devereaux T.P., Evidence for weak electronic correlations in iron pnictides, Phys. Rev. B, 80, 014508-10 (2009) @No $ @ @  Bondino F., Magnano E., Malvestuto M., Parmigiani F., McGuire M.A., Sefat A.S., Sales B.C., Jin R., Mandrus D., Plummer E.W., Singh D.J. and Mannella N.,  Evidence for Strong Itinerant Spin Fluctuations in the Normal State of CeFeAsO (0.89)F(0.11) Iron-Oxypnictides, Phys. Rev. Lett., 101, 267001-4 (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Study of Sound Propagation in the Sea Water (Case Study: Persian Gulf)<#LINE#>Delphi@Mehdi,Majidipour@Jasem<#LINE#>18-20<#LINE#>7.ISCA-ISC-2012-15PhyS-03.pdf<#LINE#>Young Researchers Club, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, IRAN @ Municipal Management, Shakhes Pazhooh Research Center, Isfahan, IRAN  <#LINE#>18/7/2012<#LINE#>17/1/2013<#LINE#> The Persian Gulf in south of Iran is important strategically why is used for fisheries, shipping and some other application. Sound channels as a physical phenomenon is studying in all of water surface, why it is used in marine science such as military. This subject has been studied and considered in the Persian Gulf and to some extend in the Oman Sea. This event happens in the Persian Gulf seasonally, but it takes place there weakly, because this water basin is a shallow water resource. Of course forming seasonal and weak sound channel in the Persian Gulf will be compared with in the Oman Sea. It could be seen that sound channel formation in the Oman Sea happens strongly due to that it happens in deep water basins contemporarily.   <#LINE#> @ @  Blishev M., Wave Motion, New York, 85-107 (1997) @No $ @ @  Clay and Medwin, Sound propagation  underwater, article, 7 (1977) @No $ @ @  Chang Y.S. and Scotti A., Modeling unsteady turbulent flows over ripples: Reynolds-averaged Naveir-Stokes equations (RANS) versus large-eddy simulation (LES), J. of Geophysical Research, 109, 16 (2004) @No $ @ @  Chlebek J. and knight D.W, Observations on flow in channels with skewed floodplains, River flow 2008, [Eds M.S. Altinakar, M.A. Kokpinar, I. Aydin, S. Cokgar & Kirkgoz], Cesme, Turkey, 1, 519-527 (2008) @No $ @ @  Dresser C. and McKee, daily flow model of the Delaware River basin, main report, USA, 6 (1981) @No $ @ @  Karizbala M.R., Effect of sea turbulence on sound propagation, M. Sc thesis (1998) @No $ @ @  Natural resources and marine sciences of nor, Tarbait Modarres, 75 (1998) @No $ @ @  Mosaddad S.M., Sound propagation in sea, M.Sc thesis, Physical Oceanography, Natural resources and marine sciences of nor, Tarbait Modarres, 38 (2004) @No $ @ @  Mosaddad S.M., Coastal destroy due to River bending and drift of sedimentation due to piers, Hydropower conference Sri Lanka, 5 (2007) @No $ @ @  Moayeri M.S., Fluid Mechanics, Shiraz Univ. press, 475 (1991) @No $ @ @  Tafrishi B., Considering existence and formation trend of sound channels in the Persian Gulf, M. Sc thesis, Science and technology college Tehran Shomal, 99 (2002) @No  
<#LINE#>Pressure induced Phase Transition in Zinc sulfide (10 nm-ZnS) Nano-crystal<#LINE#>Monika@Goyal,B.R.K.@Gupta<#LINE#>21-23<#LINE#>8.ISCA-ISC-2012-15PhyS-14.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Physics, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, U.P., INDIA  <#LINE#>1/10/2012<#LINE#>11/1/2013<#LINE#> In the present paper, the authors have employed the usual Tait’s equation of state to study the structural and electronic properties of ZnS-nanocrystal .The Tait’s equation of state has been used to analyze the unit cell compression under high pressure. Phase transition of Wurtzite of 10 nm ZnS to rock salt occurs at 16.5 GPa, which is higher than that of corresponding bulk materials. Moreover, the resulting pressure is found higher than that of corresponding bulk material, which indicates that the ZnS nanomaterial has higher hardness than its bulk material. The phase transition pressure (16.5 GPa) obtained in the present study presents a better agreement with the experimental data as compared to the previous studies which show that the transition to rock salt phase occurs at 12.4 GPa [3].  <#LINE#> @ @  Sun L.D., Fu X.F., Wang M.W., Liu C.H., Liao C.H. and Yan C.H., Synthesis of CdS Nanocrystal within Copolymer, Journal of Luminescence, 538, 87-89 (2000) @No $ @ @  Hatim Mohamed E.K., Ling X., Kun-Ji C., Yi M., Yu Z., Ming-Hai L. and Xin-Fan H., Improved luminescence properties and thermal stability of ZnS Quantum dots by organic and inorganic passivation, Chinese Phys., Letters, 19, 967 (2002) @No $ @ @  Serge D., Luc B. and Ian L., Pressure- induced structural changes in ZnS, Phys. Rev B, 61, 8726-8733 (2000) @No $ @ @  Recio J.M., Pandey R. and Luana V., Quantum mechanical modeling of the high pressure state equations of ZnO and ZnS, Phys.Rev.B, 47, 3401 (1993) @No $ @ @  Khenata R., Bouhmadou A., Sahnoun M., Reshak A.H., Baltache H. and Rabah M., Elastic, electronic and optical properties of ZnS, ZnSe and ZnTe under pressure, Comput. Materials Science, 38(1), 29-38 (2006) @No $ @ @  Gangadharan R. , Jayalakshmi V. , Kalaiselvi J., Mohan S., Murugana R., and Palanivel B., Electronic and structural properties of zinc chalcogenides ZnX(X-S, Se, Te), Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 359, 22-26 (2003) @No $ @ @  Chen X.R., Hu C.E. , Zeng Z.Y. and Cai L.C. ,First principles calculations for elastic properties of ZnS under pressure, Chinese Phys.Lett., 25, 1064 (2008) @No $ @ @  Nazzal A. and Qteish A., The instability of the cinnabar phase of ZnS under high pressure, Journal of Physics: Condensed matter, 10, 5069 (1998) @No $ @ @  Schlosser H. and Ferrante J., Liquid alkali metals: Equation of state and reduced pressure, bulk-modulus, sound velocity, and specific heat functions, Physical Review B, 40(9), 6405-6408 (1989) @No $ @ @  Shankar J. and Kumar M., Thermodynamic approximations in High- Pressure and High –Temperature Physics of solids, Physic Status Solidi B, 179, 351-356 (1993) @No $ @ @  Anderson O.L., Issak D.G. and Oda H., High temperature elastic constant data on minerals relevant to geophysics, Reviews of Geophysics,  30, 57 (1992) @No $ @ @  Chandra J., Kandpal D. and Gupta B.R.K., High pressure behavior of MgO and CuO Nanomaterials, International Journal of Physics, 1, 1-8 (2008) @No $ @ @  PAN Y., YU J., HU Z., Hongdong Oiliang and Zou G., Pressure-Induced Structural Transitions of the Zinc Sulfide, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 23(2), 193 (2007) @No 
<#LINE#>Distribution of Calliophis melanueus, Boiga trigonata, Coluber grascilis and Coronella brachyera in Western region of Khed Tahsil, MS, India<#LINE#>M.K.@Ghadage,S.V.@Theurkar,S.S.@Madan,G.L.@Bhor,S.B.@Patil<#LINE#>24-25<#LINE#>9.ISCA-ISC-2012-2AVFS-09.pdf<#LINE#> JJT University, Rajasthan, INDIA @ Department of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Rajgurunagar, INDIA @ Dept. of Life Science, JJT University, Rajasthan, INDIA  <#LINE#>6/9/2012<#LINE#>29/12/2012<#LINE#> Reptiles are termed as cold blooded, meaning that their body temperature varies with the outside temperature reptiles have low metabolic rate and there for produce less heat than a mammals or birds of comparable size. They have poor body insulation and cooling mechanism as they lack sweat glands yet they have considerable capacity for regulating their body temperature. The Western region is commercial crop growing area of Khed Tahsil. The present study observed in which 04 species belonging to 01 order, 02 families of 04 genera were recorded during June 2010 to May 2011. The Calliophis melanueus, Boiga trigonata, Coluber gracilis and Coronella brachyura species are rare in Khed Tahasil which is part of Northern western Ghats, Pune (MS).  <#LINE#> @ @  Patil S.B., Ghadage M.K. and Theurkar S.V., Changes in habit and habitat of poisonous, semi poisonous and non poisonous snakes found in and around Bhimashankar National Park Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India, Applied Research and Development Institute Journal, 3(6), 67-72 (2012) @No $ @ @  Daniel J.C., The Book Indian Reptiles, Bombay natural History Society/oxford University Press, Bombay (2002) @No $ @ @  Smith M.A., The fauna of British, India, Ceylon & Burma including the whole of Indochinese sub region reptilian & Amphibian Vol-I, Loricta, testacies. Taylor Francis, London Pp-ixxviii+ 1-185 (1993) @No $ @ @  Murthy T.S.N., Sanyal D.P. and Dasgupta B., Rare snakes of India, The Snake, 25, 135-140 (1993) @No $ @ @  Captain A., Tillack F., Gumprecht A. and Dandge P., First rechord of Elachistodon westermanni Reinhadt, 1863 (Serpents, Colubridae, Colubrinae) from Maharashtra state, India, Russian Journal of Herpetology, 12(2), 121-123 (2005) @No $ @ @  Nande R. and Deshmukh S., Snakes of Amravati District including Melghat, Maharashtra, with important records of the Indian egg Eater, montane trinket and smooth snake, Zoo’s Print Journal, 22(12), 2920-2924 (2007) @No $ @ @  Nalavade S., Pandhey A., and Utkarh G., Pune city wildness: Millennium assessment of urban echo system., (2013) @No $ @ @  Smith M.A., The fauna of British, India, Ceylon and Burma including the whole of Indochinese  sub region reptilian and Amphibian, III, Serpentes, testacies, Taylor Francis, London Pp-ixii+ 1-583 (1993) @No  
<#LINE#>Artificial Neural Network Modelling of Shyamala Water Works, Bhopal MP, India: A Green Approach towards the Optimization of Water Treatment Process<#LINE#>Kriti@Shrivastava,Smita@Joshi<#LINE#>26-28<#LINE#>10.ISCA-ISC-2012-8EVS-40.pdf<#LINE#> Trinity Institute of Technology and Research, Bhopal, MP, INDIA @ Sarojini Naidu Govt. Girls P.G. College, Bhopal MP, INDIA  <#LINE#>1/10/2012<#LINE#>31/12/2012<#LINE#> The water industry is striving hard to produce higher quality water at a lower cost due to increased regulatory standards. Municipal Water Treatment Plants can be considered as the industries producing potable water. They also produce huge amount of sludge after coagulation sedimentation in the clarri- flocculator unit which is a type of waste effluent containing large amount of aluminium and organic contaminants. Commonly it is discharged into surface water without proper treatment and hence causes water pollution. Aluminium salts extensively used for coagulation has been implicated in dialysis dementia, Parkinson and Alzheimer’s disease in Humans and also known to cause structural and functional problems in fishes, birds and animals. The present research work emphasizes to develop a green eco-friendly, clean and cost effective water treatment process to avoid the water pollution by non- judicious use of coagulant. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique is applied to the prediction of optimum coagulant dosing in Shyamala Water Treatment Plant, Bhopal. The alum sludge generated can be recycled and reused for waste water treatment.  <#LINE#> @ @  Valentin N., Fotoohi F. and Denoeux T., Modeling of coagulant dosing in a water treatment plant, Proc. of EANN’99, Warsaw, 165-170 (1999) @No $ @ @  Baxter C.W., Stanley S.J., Zhang Q. and Smith D.W., Developing artificial neural network models of water treatment processes: a guide for drinking water utilities, J. Environ. Eng. Sci., 1, 201-211(2002) @No $ @ @  Baxter C.W., Zhang Q., Stanley S.J., Shariff R., Tupas R.R.T. and Stark H.L., Drinking water quality and treatment, the use of artificial neural networks, Can. J. Civil Engg., 28 (1), 26–35 (2001) @No $ @ @  Maier H.R., Morgan N. and Chow W.K.C., Use of artificial neural networks for predicting optimal alum doses and treated water quality parameters, Envir. Mod. & Soft., 19, 485-494 (2004) @No $ @ @  Fletcher D. and Goss E., Forecasting with Neural Networks: an application using bankruptcy data, Inform. Manage, 24, 159-167 (1993) @No $ @ @  Ying Z., Jun N., Fuyi C., Liang G., Water Quality forecasting through application of BP neural network at Yuquio Reservoir, J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci., A (8), 1482-1487 (2007) @No $ @ @  Vyas M., Modhera B., Vyas V. and Sharma A.K., Performance forecasting of common effluent treatment plant parameters by artificial neural network, ARPN Jour. Engg. Applied Sci., 6(1), 38-42, (2011) @No $ @ @    Parihar S.S., Kumar Ajit, Kumar Ajay, Gupta R.N., Pathak Manoj, Shrivastav Archana and Pandey A.C.,  Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analysis of Underground Water in and Around Gwalior City, MP, India, Res .J. Recent Sci., 1(6), 62-65(2012) @No $ @ @  Kushwah Ram Kumar, Malik Suman and Singh Archana, Water Quality Assessment of Raw Sewage and Final Treated Water with Special Reference to Waste Water Treatment Plant Bhopal, MP, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(ISC-2011)  , 185-190 (2012) @No $ @ @  Safari D., Mulongo G., Byarugaba D. and Tumwesigye W., Impact of Human Activities on the Quality of Water in Nyaruzinga Wetland of Bushenyi District Uganda, I. Res. J. Environment Sci., 1(4), 1-6(2012) @No 
<#LINE#>Kinetic Behavior of Photo Catalysts<#LINE#>Bhoopendra@Singh,Azrabegam@Afridi<#LINE#>29-31<#LINE#>11.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-45.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemistry, K.K.P.G. College, Etawah 206001, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>29/9/2012<#LINE#>12/4/2013<#LINE#> The photo catalytic degradation of methyl blue dye, over TiO2 and ZnO were carried out in the presence of light to observe good semi conducting property. The photo catalytic degradation of methyl blue was observed in the presence of both photo catalysts. Parameters like amount, band gap, intensity, sensitizer etc were also studied. Studies show that TiO2 shows more photo catalytic activity than ZnO.  <#LINE#> @ @  Yoon S., Roh J., Park S. Lee and Hanguk chaely, Hackhoechi,10(5), 328-334 (2000) @No $ @ @  O. Heintz, D. Robert and J.V. Weber, J Photo Chem. Photobiol. A.,135(1), 77-80 (2000) @No $ @ @  Joshi J.D., Vora J.J.,  Sharma S., Patel C. and Patel A, Ultra Science,16(1), 123-128 (2004) @No $ @ @  Vora J.J. et al., E - Journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 531-536 (2009) @No $ @ @  Klier K. et. al., I & EC Researc., 29, 61 (1991) @No $ @ @  Baidins. A. et al., Progr.Org. Coating., 20, 105 (1992) @No $ @ @  Lensink. L. et al., Inorg .Chem., 34, 746 (1995) @No $ @ @  Yates J.T., Jr. et al., Chem. Rev., 95, 735 (1995) @No $ @ @  Kamber I. et al., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 533 (1995) @No $ @ @  Hadjiivanov K.I. and Klissurski D.G., Chem. Soc. Rev., 61 (1996) @No $ @ @  Fujishima A, Honda K., Nature., 238, 37 (1972) @No $ @ @  Watanabe T, Kitamura A., Kojima C., Nakayama K. and Hashimoto A., Fujishima., In Photocatalytic  Purificatio  and  treatment  of  water  and air; Ollis, D.E., Al-Ekabi, H., Eds, Elseveir, New York ,767 (1993) @No $ @ @  Fujishima A, Hashimoto K, Watanabe T., TiO2 Photo catalysis: Fundamental and application, BKC, Inc, Tokyo, Japan, (1999) @No $ @ @  A Fujishima, Tata Rao N. and Tryk D.A., J. Photochem., Photobiology., C(1), 1 (2000) @No $ @ @  Frank S.N, Bard A.J., J. Phys Chem., 81, 1484 (1977) @No $ @ @  Heller A, Acc, Chem. RES., 28, 503-508 (1995) @No $ @ @  Kikuchi K., Sunada K., Lyoda T., Hashimoto K., Fujishima A, Photochem. Photo biol., A., 106, 51 (1997) @No $ @ @  Fernando A.C.,  Kothari's  Economic  &  Industrial  Guide  of  India, 34the edition, Chemicals & Pharm., Kothari & Sons, Madras, INDIA, 6-7 (1982/3) @No $ @ @ Munn A., and Smagghe G., Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safe (Parmeggiani, L., ed.),   International   Labour   Organization, Geneva III. Ed.1, 699 (1983) @No $ @ @   Joshi A, Khanna S.K., Singh G.B. and Krishnamutri C.R., Industrial Health., 20, 305-313 (1982) @No $ @ @  Joshi A, Khanna S.K., Singh G.B. and Krishnamutri C.R., J. Biosci., 3, 379 -388 (1981) @No $ @ @  Parrish J.A, Anderson R.R., Urbach F. and  Pitts D., UV-A, Biological  Effects  of  Ultraviolet  Radiations  with  Emphasis  on  Human Responses to Longwave Ultraviolet, Plenum Press, New York (1978) @No $ @ @   Prayer W.A, Free Radicals in Biology, Academic Press, New York, 2, 85-133 (1976) @No $ @ @   Krinsky N.I.,  Singlet Oxygen (Wasserman H.H. and Murray R.W., Eds.) Academic Press, New York. 597- 667, (1979) @No $ @ @   Joshi P.C., Toxicol. Lett., 26, 211-217 (1985) @No $ @ @   Marx J.L., Science, 219, 158-159 (1983) @No $ @ @   Kumar Vikesh, Tripathi M.R., E-Journal of Chemistry., 6(3), 659-664 (2009) @No $ @ @   Vikesh  Kumar,  M.R.Tripathi.,  E  -  Journal  of  Chemistry., 6(S1), S79–S86 (2009) @No $ @ @   Matthews R.W., J. Chem. Soc.  Faraday Trans., 85, 1291- 1302, (1989) @No  
<#LINE#>The Study of ion-solvent Interaction of Eusol in Some Polar Solvent like Diethyl ether and Acetaldehyde<#LINE#>R.C.@Verma,S.@Raghav,N.@Chauhan,Rouki,A.P.@Singh<#LINE#>32-34<#LINE#>12.ISCA-ISC-2012-4CS-76.pdf<#LINE#>Deptt.of Chemistry, Janta College, Bakewar, Etawah, UP, INDIA @ Deptt of Chemistry, K.K. College, Etahwah, UP, INDIA @ Deptt of Chemistry, K.R. College, Mathura, UP, INDIA @ Deptt of Chemistry, B.R.C.C.K.A. Girls College, Kagaraul, Agra, UP, INDIA  <#LINE#>17/1/2013<#LINE#>12/4/2013<#LINE#> Ion solvent interaction measurements of Eusol in diethylether and acetaldehyde have been carried out for the study of solute-solvent interaction. Various acoustic parameters (intermolecular free length, isentropic compressibility, specific acoustic impedence, molar sound velocity, apparent molal adiabatic compressibility, relative association and solvation number) have been evaluated using ultrasound velocity data. The results were discussed in the light of solute-solvent interaction between the molecules.  <#LINE#> @ @  Srivastava T.N., Singh R.P. and Swaroop B., Indian J. Pure and Appl. Phys., 21, 67 (1983) @No $ @ @  Lin W. and Tsay S.J., J. Phys. Chem., 74, 1037 (1970) @No $ @ @  Grunwald and Coburn, W.C., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1332 (1958) @No $ @ @  Pimental G.C. and Maclellan A.L., The hydrogen bond (Freeman W.H. and Co. San Francisco), 67 (1960) @No $ @ @  Prakash S., Prasad N. and Prakash O., J. Chem. Engg. Data, 22, 51 (1977) @No $ @ @  Prakash S. and Prasad N., Acustica,36, 313 (1976) @No $ @ @  Verma R.C. and Singh S., Oriental J. Chem., 22(3), 671-623 (2006) @No $ @ @  Verma R.C., Singh S. and Yadav S.S., Oriental J. Chem., 22(3), 621-624 (2006) @No $ @ @  Verma R.C., Kumar A., Raghav S and Singh A.P., Int. J. Chem. Sci., 10(3),1661-1668 (2012) @No $ @ @  Elpiner I.E., Ultrasound Physical, Chemical and Biological Effects, New York Consultants Bureau, 371 (1960) @No $ @ @  Langemann R.T. and W.S. Dumbar, J. Phys. Chem., 49 (1945) @No $ @ @  Waeissler A, J. Chem. Phys., 15, 210 (1947) @No $ @ @  Passynakii A, Act Physicco Chem., 8, 357 (1933)  ; J. Phys. Chem.,11, 451 (1938) @No $ @ @   Jacobason B., Acta Chem. Scand, 6, 1485 (1952) @No $ @ @   Harned H.S. and Owen B.B., Thy Physical chemistry of electro solutions, Reinhold Publishing Company, New York, 250, 250. @No $ @ @ Prakash S. and Chaturvedi C.V., Ind. J. Chem., 10, 669 (1972) @No $ @ @  Rambrahman K. and Suyryanarayan M., Ind. J. Pure Appl. Phys., 6, 422 (1968) @No $ @ @  Miknailor I.G., Rozina M.V. and Snutilov V.A., Akust. Zh., 10, 213 (1964) @No $ @ @  Bachem C., Physico (Netherlands), 101, 541 (1935) @No $ @ @  Ravichandran G., Srinavas Rao A. and Nambinarayana T.K., Ind. J. of Pure and Appl. Phys., 32, 59-61 (1994) @No $ @ @  Stockes R.H. and Mills R., Viscosity electrolytes and related properties, Pergman Press, New York (1965) @No $ @ @  Densoyers J.E. and Perron G., J. Sol. Chem., 1, 199 (1972) @No  
<#LINE#>A Step towards Environmental Protection in Textile Wet Processing<#LINE#>S.R.@Shah,J.N.@Shah<#LINE#>35-37<#LINE#>13.ISCA-ISC-2012-07-EngS-Tex-02.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Textile Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390001, INDIA  <#LINE#>28/5/2012<#LINE#>28/12/2012<#LINE#>  Environmental awareness is the most often talked subject in today’s industrial and social scene all over the world. In India, right now the quantum of problem associated with the effluent by industrial waste is small but with rapid industrialization, increases rapidly to a significant level. Chemical processing of textile material is one of the leading consumers of water (50 to 300 liters of water per kg of textile material) and the second biggest effluent generating industry. Among the various wet processing steps, pretreatment process, utilize the highest amount of water. Many approaches, namely, development of machines/techniques to reduce liquor consumption, application of green chemicals, biotechnology applications, quality control and inventory management, and others have been made to minimize water/effluent minimization. In the present research, the two important steps in pretreatment process, namely mercerization of cotton and scouring of synthetic fibers have been centralized through water consumption to minimize effluent loads. Both these processes have been performed in the present work through the application of solvents (no water used). After the said pretreatment processes more than 90% of solvent can be recovered and recycled for next processes. The new innovative processes were compared with the conventional processes. The results obtained are quite comparable to that of conventional process and encouraging. In future commercialization of these processes will be tried.  <#LINE#> @ @  During G, Rev Prog Color, (7),70 (1976) @No $ @ @  Carbonell J, Egili H and Perriy M, Amer Dyestuff Rep., (44), 66 (1976) @No $ @ @  Jhala B.P. and Bhatt S.R., J Text Asson., 33 (1995) @No $ @ @  Shah H.A., Tiwary R.V. and Trivedi P.K., Colourage, 19 (1987) @No $ @ @  Brenner E., Melliand Textilberichte, 75, 742 (1994) @No $ @ @   ATIRA Research note, CCT/61, (1961) @No $ @ @  Duckworth C. and Thawites J.J., J Soc Dyer Colorists, 85, 225 (1969) @No $ @ @  Switer S. and Simpson, Amer Dyestuff Rep., 61, 35 (1972) @No $ @ @  Dow Chemical Co., USP 3(535), 156 (1967) @No $ @ @  Kolb, AATCC Symposium, Textile Solvent Technology, 97 (1973) @No $ @ @  Goddar,  Melliand Textilber, 54, 742 (1973) @No $ @ @  Bredereck K. and Saafar A., Melliand Textilber, 63, 510 (1982) @No $ @ @  Bredereck K., Textilveredlung, 13, 498, (1978) @No $ @ @  Wakida T. et al., Text Res J., 111, 154, (1995) @No $ @ @  Shah S.R. and Shah J.N., Texmach India, 61 (2009) @No $ @ @  Saravanan D., J Text Asso., 66, 133 (2005) @No  
<#LINE#>Increasing combusting Resistance for Advanced Composites by using Fire Retardants<#LINE#>Al-Mosawi@AliI.,Al-Zubadi@AliA.,Al-Maamori@MohammadH.<#LINE#>38-40<#LINE#>14.ISCA-ISC-2012-7EngS-06.pdf<#LINE#> Technical Institute-Babylon, IRAQ @ Materials Engineering College, Babylon University, IRAQ  <#LINE#>10/9/2012<#LINE#>15/1/2013<#LINE#> The aim of this paper is to use inorganic fire retardant mixture consist of zinc borate- antimony trioxide  to increase the fire retardancy for advanced composite material consist of araldite resin reinforced by carbon-Kevlar fibers .In first stage a surface layer from zinc borate  as a coating layer of (4mm) thickness was used. Then, this system was exposed to a direct Oxyacetylene torch flame with flame exposure intervals  10,20mm, and study the range of resistance of retardant material layer to the flames and protected the substrate. The second stage was to form a hybrid fire retardant by added antimony trioxide with various amount (10%,15%,20%,25%,30%) to zinc borate for enhance the action of this material to react flame and exposure this hybrid material to same flame temperature and exposure intervals. Method of measuring the surface temperature opposite to the flame was used to determine the heat transferred to composite material. The best results were obtained with large exposed interval and large percentage from protective layer which is zinc borate with (30%) antimony trioxide.  <#LINE#> @ @  Hatakeyama Tatsuko and Hatakeyama Hyoe, Thermal Properties of Green Polymers and Biocomposites, Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., (2005) @No $ @ @  Joshua L. Jurs, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Air Traffic Organization Operations Planning, Office of Aviation Research and Development  Washington, DC, Final Report, April (2007) @No $ @ @  Al-Mosawi Ali I., Rijab Mustafa A., Salaman Ali J., Alwash Naser A. and Aziz Naglaa S., Flammability behavior of composite mixed with retardant agents, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 186, 129-131 (2012) @No $ @ @  Sravanthi Durganala., Synthesis of non-halogenated flame retardants for polyurethane foams, M.Sc thesis, The School of Engineering, University of Dayton, (2011) @No $ @ @  Lyon Richard E. and Janssens Marc L., Polymer flammability, final report, Southwest Research Institute, May (2005) @No $ @ @  Al-Mosawi Ali I., Study using of antimony trioxide material as a flame retardant material, M.Sc. Thesis, Engineering College, Babylon University, Iraq (2003) @No $ @ @  Cody C.A., Di Carlo L., Darlington R.K., Inorganic Chemistry, 18(6), 1572–1576 (1979) @No $ @ @  Al-Maamori Mohammed., Al-Mosawi Ali. and Hashim Abbass., Flame Retardancy Enhancement of Hybrid Composite Material by Using Inorganic Retardants,  Materials Sciences and Applications, 2(8), 1134-1138 (2011) @No $ @ @  Sameer S. Rahatekar, Mauro Zammarano, Szabolcs Matko, Krzysztof K. Koziol, Alan H. Windle, Marc Nyden, Takashi Kashiwagi and Jeffrey W. Gilman, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 95, 870–879 (2010) @No $ @ @  Kashiwagi T., Danyus R., Liu M., Zammarano M. and Shields J.R., Enhancement of char formation of polymer Nano composites using a catalyst, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 94, 2028-2035 (2009) @No $ @ @  Al-Mosawi Ali I., Formation hybrid flame retardant and its effect on thermal resistance of araldite resin composite, Academic research international, 3(2), (2012) @No