@Research Paper
<#LINE#>The Aging Population of Japan: Causes, Expected Challenges and Few Possible Recommendations<#LINE#>Muhammad@Usman,Ikufumi@Tomimoto<#LINE#>1-4<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJRS-2013-074.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, PAKISTAN Department of Economics, Yamaguchi University, Yoshida 1667-1, JAPAN<#LINE#>28/2/2013<#LINE#>25/5/2013<#LINE#>The fertility rate of Japan is decreasing below the threshold levels. The balance between aged peoples 65  and newborn has been tilted to the former side and the ratio of old population is increasing very rapidly. These demographic changes are expected to cause many serious problems containing reduction in working age population, increase in the dependency ratio, predicament in public pension system, economic downturn and loss of societal vitality. Probably, there are also challenges of over and saturation in certain fields as the youth has more motivation towards applied sciences and technology than natural and social sciences at current times.  In order to have a sustainable development, there is need for immigrant workforce.  At the same time it is also essential to use the indigenous potential in the most effective way. It is expected that the results of this study will possibly be helpful for understanding and making policies to counter the problem of aging and field over or under saturation. The population data has been obtained from Institute of Population and Social Security Research. For this study, youth of Yamaguchi University and workers of different private industries of Yamaguchi city have been studied through questionnaires and interviews. The age of youth for study ranges from 20 to 24 years and the age of workers in the private industry lies between the 28 to 33 years. The general tendency of fresh blood for the marriage, its expected age and number of children after marriage has been observed.  A study is also carried out to observe the deciding study year for the future field selection in the young peoples. The results of the study showed that about 95 % of youth in Yamaguchi University is in the demand of spouse mostly at the age between 27 to 30 years and the same percentage also wants to have children after marriage. Nearly 57% of youth want to have 2, 29% want to have 3, 7 % want to have 4 kids and same percentile of 7 do not want baby.  The deciding class for future field selection is 2nd and 3rd grade of high school. For marriage or children, the major discouraging reasons for the persons working in private industry seems the economic constraints related to the limited number of jobs in government sectors and strict rules and limited salary of private sectors. The women working in the private industry feel no flexibility and security of job in case of child bearing. Also the other reasons can be the unavailability of baby day care and old aged houses. On the basis of this study, it is recommended to have some legislation to provide flexibility and encouragement to the women for children bearing who are working the private industry and also to increase the number of baby day care and old aged houses. It is also suggested to launch some informative courses for the scope and future job availability of different fields at the 2nd and 3rd grade of high school. <#LINE#> @ @ Suzuki T., Fertility Decline and Policy Development in Japan, The Japanese Journal of Population, 4(1) 1-32 (2006) @No $ @ @ Suzuki T., The Latest Development in the Population of Japan: The 2008 Revision, The Japanese Journal of Population, 8(1) 95-98 (2010) @No $ @ @ National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, Population Projection for Japan (2006) @No $ @ @ Van de Kaa, Dirk, Europe's Second Demographic Transition, PopulationBulletin,42(1)(1987) @No $ @ @ Easterlin, Richard A. What Will 1984 Be Like? Socioeconomic Implications of Recent Twists in Age Structure, Demography, 15(4), 397-421 (1978) @No $ @ @ Kohler, Hans-Peter, Francesco C. Billari and José Antonio Ortega. The Emergence of Lowest-Low Fertility in  Europe during the 1990s, Population and Development Review, 28(4), 641-681 (2002) @No $ @ @ School of Public Heath, Harvard University. http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/tv-viewing-exercise-habits-may-significantly-affect-sperm-count/ (2013) @No $ @ @ Kiflu A.A., R.C. Reddy and M. Syam Babu, Relationship of Body Fat Percentage and Selected Physical Fitness Performances between Overweight and Normal Weight Sedentary Young Male Adults, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(12), 15-20 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Investigating the Impact of Store Brand Price-Image and Retailer Equity Dimensions on ETKA Chain Store Customer's Purchase Intention<#LINE#>Mohammad@Aghaei,Amin@Asadollahi,Tonekaboni@Maryam,Nasim@Tajasom,Abbasi@Samin<#LINE#>5-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJRS-2013-204.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Business Management, Branch, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU), Tehran, IRAN@ Department of Business Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Master of Executive Management Business Administration, Science and Research Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Mazandaran, IRAN<#LINE#>21/4/2013<#LINE#>9/5/2013<#LINE#>  Exceeding The level of competition in the retail industry and the increasing diversity of the companies that In recent years have been entered in this industry, Decision making and move towards improving the competitive position of company is one of the chain stores managers critical actions. Therefore knowing how different variables influence the willingness of customers to purchase can play an important role in their success. So this study aims to examine the impact of store brand price-image and retailer equity dimensions on ETKA chain stores customers purchase intention in Tehran. This study base goal is an applied research and According to the type of data collecting and investigating is a cross - correlation study. For data analyzing, structural equation modeling was used .The study population comprised all of the ETKA chain stores branches customers in Tehran. In this study, 388 questionnaires collected and were used in the analysis. The results show that store brand price-image has a significant positive impact on the purchase intention, awareness, quality and loyalty of customers. But there is no impact on association. Among the retailer equity dimensions, only association has no impact on purchase intention. But awareness, quality and loyalty have a positive and significant impact on purchase intention. Also this study shows that quality impacts on loyalty toward retailer. <#LINE#> @ @ Wreden N., Profit Brand: how to increase the profitability, accountability, and Sustainability of your brand, kogan-page, London(2005) @No $ @ @ Jinfeng W. and Zhilong T., The impact of selected store image dimensions on retailer equity: Evidence from10Chinesehypermarkets, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 16, 486–494 (2009) @No $ @ @ Ailawadi K.J. and Keller K.L., Retail branding: conceptual insights and research priorities, Journal of Retailing,80(4), 331–342 (2004) @No $ @ @ Hartman K.B. and Spiro R.L., Recapturing store image in customer-based store equity: a construct conceptualization, Journal of Business Research, 58(8), 1112–1120 (2005) @No $ @ @ Zielke S. and Toporowski W., Negative price-image effects of appealing store architecture: Do they really exist? Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 19, 510–518 (2012) @No $ @ @ Beristain J.J. and Zorrilla P., The relationship between store image and store brand equity: conceptual framework and evidence from hypermarkets, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 18, 562–574 (2011) @No $ @ @ Suri R., Manchanda R.V. and Kohli C.S., Brand evaluations: a comparison of fixed price and discounted price offers, Journal of Product and Brand Management, 9(3), 193–206 (2000) @No $ @ @ Dawar N. and Parker P., Marketing universals: consumers’ use of brand name, price, physical appearance, and retail reputation as signals of product quality, Journal of Marketing,58(2), 81–95 (1994) @No $ @ @ Hernández-Espallardo M. and Navarro-Bailón M., Accessing retailer equity through integration in retailers' buying groups, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 37(1), 43–62 (2009) @No $ @ @ Arnett D.B., Laverie D.A. and Meiers A., Developing parsimonious retailer equity indexes using partial least squares analysis: a method and applications, Journal of Retailing, 79(3), 161-70 (2003) @No $ @ @ Das G., Datta B. and Kumar G.K., Impact of retailer personality on consumer-based retailer equity: An empirical study of retail brands, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 24(4), 619-639 (2012) @No $ @ @  Pappu R. and Quester P., A consumer-based method for retailer equity measurement: results of an empirical study, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 34(13), 317–329 (2006) @No $ @ @ Yoo B., Donthu N. and Lee S., An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity, Academy of Marketing Science 28 (Spring), 195–211 (2000) @No $ @ @ Lichtenstein D.R., Ridgway N.M. and Netemeyer R.G., Price perceptions and consumer shopping behavior: A field study, Journal of Marketing Research, 30, 234-45 (1993) @No $ @ @ Che Z.H., Pricing Strategy and Reserved Capacity Plan Based on Product Life Cycle and Production Function on LCD TV Manufacturer”, Expert Systems with Applications, doi: 10.1016 (2008) @No $ @ @ Zielke S., How price-image dimensions influence shopping intentions for different store formats? European Journal of Marketing, 44(6), 748–770 (2010) @No $ @ @ Fall Diallo M., Effects of store image and store brand price-image on store brand purchase intention: Application to an emerging market, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 19, 360–367 (2012) @No $ @ @ Garretson J.A., Fisher, D. and Burton S., Antecedents of private label attitude and national brand promotion attitude: similarities and differences, Journal of Retailing, 78 (2) 91–99 (2002) @No $ @ @ Collins-Dodd C. and Lindley, T., Store brands and retail differentiation: the influence of store image and store brand attitude on store own brand perceptions, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,10(6), 345–352 (2003) @No $ @ @ Chen,Ching-Fu, Chang, Yu-Ying., Airline brand equity, brand preference, and purchase intentions—The moderating effects of switching costs, Journal of Air Transport Management, 14 , 40–42 (2008) @No $ @ @ Eskandar J., Intellectual Capital and its Effects on Firms’ market value and Financial Performance in Iran: An Investigating Public Model, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 2(3), 1-6 (2013) @No $ @ @ Mangang P.N., Health Beliefs and Perception of Wellbeing among the Lois of Thanga in Manipur, India, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 46-52 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nwajei G.E., Okwagi P., Nwajei R.I. and Obi-Iyeke G.E., Analytical Assessment of Trace Elements in Soils, Tomato Leaves and Fruits in the Vicinity of Paint Industry, Nigeria, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 22-26 (2012) @No $ @ @ Amanchi N.R. and Mohd M.H., Ecophysiological and cytopathological impact of delfin insecticide (Bacillus thuringiensis) to a unicellular ciliate protozoan, Euplotes patella, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, 1(4), 64-67 (2012) @No  
<#LINE#>Spectroscopic and Thermal Studies of Palladium (II) Complex of N-(5-methylpyridin-2-ylcarbamothiol) Cinnamamide Ligand<#LINE#>Jasman@SitiMaryam,WanM.@Khairul,Shamsudin@Mustaffa<#LINE#>12-19<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJRS-2013-226.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, MALAYSIA @ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310,  JohorBahru, Johor, MALAYSIA<#LINE#>29/4/2013<#LINE#>12/5/2013<#LINE#>  N-(5-methylpyridin-2-ylcarbamothiol) cinnamamide ligand (L1) and dichloro (N-(5-methylpyridine-2-yl-carbamothiol) cinnamamide –  O,S) palladium (II) (ML1) were successfully synthesised and characterized by several typical spectroscopic and analytical techniques namely Infra-Red (IR) Spectroscopy, H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The Infrared spectrum for  L1 shows four bands of interest namely (N-H), (C=O), (C-N), (C=N) and  (C=S) which can be observed at 3247cm-1, 1682cm-1, 1473cm-1, 1541cm-1 and 764cm-1 respectively while for the designated metal complex, ML1 the values fall at 3227cm-1, 1689cm-1, 1492cm-1, 1542cm-1 and 774cm-1respectively. In H NMR spectra for the compound L1 and ML1 show protons for N-H which can be observed at 10.11ppm, 13.02ppm and  8.71ppm, 8.99ppm while the 13C NMR spectra for these compounds, the signal of C=O and C=S can be observed at  177ppm, 164ppm and  173ppm,166ppm. Whilst, in thermogravimetric analysis, compounds L1 and ML1 started to degrade at temperature 162.14°C (80% weight of sample) and 186.15°C (74 % weight of sample) respectively. <#LINE#> @ @ Binzet G., Emen F.M., Flörke U., Ilkaynak T., Külcü N. and Arslan H., 4-Chloro-N-[N-(6-methyl-2-pyridyl) carbamothioyl] benzamide, ActaCryst.,65, 081-082 (2009) @No $ @ @ Abbasi S., Khani, H., Hosseinzadeh, L and Safari, Z. Determination of thiourea in fruit juice by a kinetic spectrophotometric method, Journal of Hazardous Materials,174, 257–262 (2010) @No $ @ @ Tadjarodi A., Adhami F., Hanifehpour Y., Yazdi M., Moghaddamfard Z. and Kickekbick G., Structural characterization of a copper(II) complex containing oxidative cyclization of N-2-(4-picolyl)-N’-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea, new ligands of 4-picolylthiourea derivatives and the precursor molecular structure of oxidative cyclization of N-(2-pyridyl)-N’-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiourea, Polyhedron, 26, 4609–4618 (2007) @No $ @ @  Ahmad A., Rashid H.M. and Kassim K., Copper Supported On Functionalised Mcm41 Containing Thiourea Ligand As An Catalyst In Oxidation Of Cyclohexene With Hydrogen Peroxide, The MalaysianJournal of Analytical Sciences, 16, 62-70 (2012) @No $ @ @ Tadjarodi, A., Adhami, F., Hanifehpour. Y., Yazdi.M., Moghaddamfard, Z. &Kickelbick. G. Structural characterization of a copper (II) complex containing oxidative cyclization of N-2-(4-picolyl)-N0-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea, new ligands of 4-picolylthiourea derivatives and the precursor molecular structure of oxidative cyclization of N-(2-pyridyl)-N’-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiourea, Polyhedron., 26, 4609–4618(2007) @No $ @ @ Yusof M.S.M., Jusoh R.H., Khairul W.M. and Yamin B.M.,Synthesis and Characterization of Series of N-(3, 4-Dichlorophenyl)-N’(2,3 and 4-methylbenzoyl)thiourea Derivatives, Journal of Molecular Structure, 975, 280–284(2010)   @No $ @ @  Arslan H., Monsuroglu D.S., Vanderveer D. and Binzet G., The molecular structure and vibrational spectra of N-(2,2-diphenylacetyl)-N’-(naphtalen-1yl)-thiourea by Hartree-Fock and density functional methods, SpectrochimicaActaPart A.,72, 561-571 (2009) @No $ @ @  Henderson W., Nicholson B.K. and Rickard C.E.F., Platinum(II) complexes of chelating and monodentatethioureamonoanions incorporating chiral, fluorescent or chromophoric groups, Inorganica Chimica Acta.,320, 101–109 (2001) @No $ @ @  Shusheng Z., Tianrong Z., Kun C., Youfeng X. and Bo Y., Simple and efficient synthesis of novel glycosylthiourea derivatives as potential antitumor agents, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,43, 2778-2783 (2008) @No $ @ @ Sunduru N., Srivastava K., Rajakumar S., Puri S.K., Saxena J.K., Chauhan P.M.S., Synthesis of novel thiourea, thiazolidinedione and thioparabanic acid derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline as potent antimalarials, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters,19, 2570–2573 (2009) @No $ @ @  D’Cruz O.J. and Uckun F.M., Discovery of 2,5-dimethoxy-substituted 5-bromopyridyl thiourea (PHI-236) as a potent broad-spectrum anti-human immunodeficiency virus microbicide, Molecular Human Reproduction,11, 767–777 (2005) @No $ @ @ Nitulescu G.M., Draghici C., Chifiriuc M.C. and Missir A.V., Synthesis of Isomeric N-(1-Methyl-1hpyrazole-4-Carbonyl)-N’-(Xylyl)-Thiourea and Their Antimicrobial Evaluation, Farmacia., 57:5 (2009) @No $ @ @  Celen A.O., Kaymakçolu B., Gumru S., Toklu H.Z and Arcolu F., Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of substituted thiourea derivatives. 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Sci.,8, 3333– 3348 (2013) @No $ @ @  Mahesh D. and Rajesh J., TiO2 Microstructure, Fabrication of Thin Film Solar Cells and Introduction to Dye Sensitized Solar Cells, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2, 25-29 (2012) @No $ @ @  Rasool F.K. and Samaneh P., Photovoltaic Device Modeling and Efffect of its Parameters, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2, 59-64 (2013) @No $ @ @ Birinci E., Gulfen M. and Aydin A.O., Separation and recovery of palladium (II) from base metal ions by melamine-formaldehyde-thiourea (MFT) chelating resin, Hydrometallurgy,95, 15–21 (2009) @No $ @ @  Saluste C.G., Whitby R.J. and Furber M., Palladium-catalysed synthesis of  imidates, thioimidates and amidines from aryl halides, Tetrahedron Letters,42, 6191–6194 (2001)  Jung E., Park K., Kim J., Jung H., Oh I. and Lee S., Palladium-catalyzedMizoroki–Heck coupling reactions using sterically bulky phosphite ligand, Inorganic Chemistry Communications,13, 1329–1331 (2010) @No $ @ @  Fairlamb I.J.S., Lee A.F., Loe Mie F.E.M., Niemela E.H., O’Brien C.T. and Whitwood A.C., Halogenated-2-pyrones in Sonogashira cross-coupling: limitations, optimisation and consequences for GC analysis of Pd-mediated reactions, Tetrahedron,61, 9827–9838 (2005) @No $ @ @  Alonso F., Beleskaya I.P. and Yus M., Non-conventional methodologies for transition-metal catalysed carbon–carbon coupling: a critical overview, Part 1: The Heck reaction, Tetrahedron,61, 11771–11835 (2005) @No $ @ @  Dawood K.M., Microwave-assisted Suzuki–Miyaura and Heck–Mizoroki cross-coupling reactions of aryl chlorides and bromides in water using stable benzothiazole-based palladium(II) precatalysts, Tetrahedron,63, 9642-9651 (2007) @No $ @ @ El-Bahy G.M.S, El-Sayed B.A. and Shabana A.A., Vibrational and electronic studies on some metal thiourea complexes, Vibrational Spectroscopy, 31, 101-107 (2003) @No $ @ @  Philip, V. Structural and Spectral Investigations of Transition Metal Complexes of Di-2-pyridyl ketone (4), (4)-Disubstituted Thiosemicarbazones, Submitted Doctor of Philosophy Thesis (2004) @No $ @ @  Est´evez-Hern´andez, O., Otazo-S´anchez, E., J.L. Hidalgo-Hidalgo de Cisneros., Naranjo-Rodr´guez, I &Reguera, E. A Raman and infrared study of 1-furoyl-3 monosubstituted and 3,3-disubstituted thioureas. SpectrochimicaActa Part A.,  62,  964–971 (2005) @No $ @ @  Pavia D.L., Lampman G.M. and Kriz G.S., Introduction to Spectroscopy, 3rd Ed. Washington. Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning (2009) @No $ @ @  Abrahim R.J. and Reid M., 1H chemical shifts in NMR. Part 18.  Ring currents and -electron eects in hetero-aromatics, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans.,, 1081–1091 (2002) @No $ @ @ Raja C.R., Vijayabhaskaran B., Vijayan N. and Paramasivam P., Synthesis, growth and characterization  analysis of nickel mercury thiocyanate crystal (NMTC), Materials Latters,62, 2737-2739 (2008) @No $ @ @  Silverstein R.M., Webster F.X. and KIemle D.J., Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, 7th edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc (2005) @No $ @ @ Kumar S.M.R., Selvakumar S., Kiruba S., Tholkappian M. and Sagayaraj P., Nucleation, growth and characterization of Bis(thiourea) cadmium formate NLO sigle crystals, International Journal of Science and Technology (2011) @No $ @ @  Mudlgoudra B.S. and Chougale R.B., Thermal Behavior of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/ Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)/ Chitosan Ternary Polymer Blend Films, Research Journal of Recent Sciences, , 83-86 (2012) @No $ @ @  Morteza M., Reza M.S.A. and Shiva J., Synthesize, Characterization and Thermal behaviour of some New Mercury and Cadmium halides Coordination compounds of Recently synthesized Schiff base, Research Journal of Resent Sciences, 1, 9-15 (2012) @No $ @ @  Singh R.K., Bijayani B. and Sachin K., Determination of Activation Energy from Pyrolysis of Paper Cup Waste Using Thermogravimetric Analysis, Research Journal of Recent Sciences,2, 177-182 (2013) @No  
<#LINE#>Statistical Correlation to Predict the Compressive Strength of Binary and Ternary Blended Concretes<#LINE#>A.R.@Hariharan,A.S.@Santhi,MohanGanesh@G.<#LINE#>20-28<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJRS-2013-253.pdf<#LINE#> Structural and Geotechnical Engineering Division, SMBS, VIT University, Vellore-632014, INDIA<#LINE#>4/5/2013<#LINE#>13/6/2013<#LINE#>  This research paper presents the effects of using supplementary cementitious materials in binary and ternary blends of concrete incorporating fly ash and silica fume. A total of 12 concrete mixtures were designed having a total binder content of 400 kg/m and water binder ratio of 0.4. Portland cement was replaced by fly ash at levels of 30%, 40% and 50%, silica fume at levels of 6% and 10% by weight. The compressive strength test were conducted on test specimens cured under different types of curing systems like accelerated curing, warm water curing along with normal curing were done and the results were compared.  Based on the experimental results, polynomial regression models and coefficients were developed between standard compressive strength and early strength attained by accelerated curing and warm water curing at 28-90 days.  <#LINE#> @ @ Watcharapong Wongkeo, Pailyn Thongsanitgarn and Arnon Chaipanich ., Compressive strength of binary and ternary blended cement mortars containing fly ash and silica fume under autoclaved curing, Adv. Materials Res., 343-344, 316-321 (2012) @No $ @ @ Yan Li, Daosheng Sun, Xiusheng Wu, Aiguo Wang, Wei Xu and Min Deng., Dry shrinkage and compressive strength of blended cement pastes with fly ash and silica fume, Adv. Materials Res., 535-537, 1735-1738 (2012) @No $ @ @ Thanongsak Nochaiya., Watcharapong Wongkeo., Arnon Chaipanich., Utilization of fly ash with silica fume and properties of Portland cement-fly ash-silica fume, Fuel, 89, 768-774 (2010) @No $ @ @ Vili Lilkov ,Ekaterina Dimitrova and Ognyn E.Petrov., Hydration process of cement containing fly ash and silica fume, Cement and Conc. Res., 27, 577-588 (1997) @No $ @ @ B.W.Langan, K.Weng, M.A.Ward., Effect of silica fume and fly ash on heat of hydration of Portland cement, Cement and Conc. Res., 32, 1045-1051 (2002) @No $ @ @ Mateusz Radlinski, Jan Olek., Investigation into the synergistic effects in ternary cementitious systems containing Portland cement, fly ash and silica fume, Cement & Conc. Comp., 34, 451-459 (2012) @No $ @ @ M.Tokyay., Strength prediction of fly ash concretes by accelerated testing, Cement and Conc. Res., 29, 1737-1741 (1999) @No $ @ @ BIS 12269-1987, Indian Standard Specification for 53 Grade Ordinary Portland cement, reaffirmed in 2004, Bureau of Indian standards, New Delhi (2004) @No $ @ @ ASTM C494/C 494M–11, Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete (2011) @No $ @ @ ASTM C192/C192M-07, Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory (2007) @No $ @ @ ASTM C 684 – 99 (Reapproved 2003) , Standard Test Method for Making, Accelerated Curing, and Testing Concrete Compression Test Specimens (2003) @No $ @ @ BIS: 516 -1959, Indian Standard Methods of tests for Strength of Concrete (2008) @No $ @ @  Ahmed El-Tayeb Ahmed., An accelerated test for predicting the 28-day compressive strength of concrete, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 15, 27-32 (1988) @No $ @ @  Ali Behnood., Hasan Ziari., Effects of silica fume addition and water to cement ratio on the properties of high-strength concrete after exposure to high temperature, Cement & Conc. Comp., 30, 106-112, (2008) @No 
<#LINE#>Evaluation of oxidic by-products as Neutralizing agents in Biooxidation of a Refractory Gold concentrate and their influence on Gold extraction through Cyanidation<#LINE#>C.S.@Gahan,J.E.@Sundkvist,F.@Engstrom,Sandström@ Å.<#LINE#>29-34<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJRS-2013-257.pdf<#LINE#> Minerals and Metals Research Laboratory, MiMeR, Division of Sustainable Process Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, SWEDEN@Boliden Mineral AB, SE-936 81, Boliden, SWEDEN@ Department of Mining Engineering, Mineral Processing Division (Mineral-Metal Recovery and Recycling Research Group), Suleyman Demirel University, TR32260, Isparta, TURKEY <#LINE#>5/5/2013<#LINE#>27/6/2013<#LINE#>  The neutralization cost in bioleaching operations is one of the biggest operation costs and therefore the aim of the present study has been to replace the generally used lime/limestone with industrial oxidic by-products. A comparative study on the potential use of some selected industrial by-products as neutralizing agents during biooxidation and their influence on subsequent gold recovery was carried out with reference to a commercial grade Ca(OH). The by-products used comprised of an electric arc furnace slag (EAF slag), and a slag from ladle refining (Ladle slag) both from scrap based steel production, an EAF dust and a lime sludge from paper and pulp industry (Mesa lime). Continuous biooxidation of a refractory gold concentrate was performed in single stage reactor at a retention time of 56 h with a mixed mesophilic culture. Biooxidation results as well as gold recoveries were good for all by-products investigated and similar to the results obtained with the slaked lime reference. However, cyanide consumption was elevated in the experiments with steel slags and the EAF dust partly because of a higher content of S° in the bioresidues in these experiments. It is however expected, that in a bioleaching operation with several reactors in series, that sulfur oxidation would be more complete, thereby possibly decreasing cyanide consumption. <#LINE#> @ @ D.E. Rawlings D.E., and Johnson D.B., The microbiology of biomining: development and optimization of mineral-oxidizing microbial consortia, Microbiol., 153, 315-324 (2007) @No $ @ @ Gahan C.S., Srichandan H., Kim D.J., and Akcil A., Biohydrometallurgy and Biomineral Processing Technology: A Review on its Past, Present and Future, Res. J. Recent Sci.,  1(10), 85-99 (2012) @No $ @ @ Morin D.H.R., and d’Hugues P., Bioleaching of a Cobalt-Containing Pyrite in Stirred Reactors: a Case Study from Laboratory Scale to Industrial Application’, in: Biomining, (Eds.) Rawlings D.E., and Johnson D.B., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 35-54 (2007) @No $ @ @ Reith F., Rogers S.L., McPhail D.C., and Brugger J., Potential for the utilisation of micro-organisms in gold processing, In: World Gold 2007 by and co-products and the environment, (Eds.) Avraamides J., Deschenes G., and Tucker D., ISBN-9781920806743. Cairns, Australia: Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, World Gold 2007, pp. 1–8 (2007) @No $ @ @ Rawlings D.E., Dew D., and Plessis C.D., Biomineralization of metal-containing ores and concentrates, Trends Biotechnol., 21, 38-44 (2003) @No $ @ @ Lindström E.B., Sandström Å., and Sundkvist J.E., A sequential two-step process using moderately and extremely thermophilic cultures for biooxidation of refractory gold concentrates, Hydrometallurgy, 71, 21-30 (2003) @No $ @ @ Brierley C.L., Biohydrometallurgical prospects, Hydrometallurgy 104, 324-328 (2010) @No $ @ @ Jones L., and Hackl R.P., Sources of high cyanide consumption for a biooxidized refractory gold concentrate, Process Metall., , 337-346 (1999) @No $ @ @ van Aswegen P.C., and Marais H.J., Advances in application of the BIOX® process for the refractory gold ores, Miner. Metall. Process., 16, 61-68 (1999) @No $ @ @ Cunha M.L., and Sandström Å., Characterisation of by-products for use as neutralizing agent in bioleaching, in: Proceedings of XXIII International Mineral Processing Congress, Turkey, (Eds.) Önal G., Acarkan N., Celik M.S., Arslan F., Atesok G., Güney A., Sirkeci A.A., Yüce A.E., and Perek K.T., ISBN 975-7946-27-3, , 1392-1397 (2006) @No $ @ @ Gahan C.S., Sundkvist J.E., and Sandström Å., Use of mesalime and electric arc furnace (EAF) dust as neutralising agents in biooxidation and their effects on gold recovery in subsequent cyanidation, Miner. Eng.,23, 731-738 (2010) @No $ @ @ Sundkvist J.E., Gahan C.S., and Sandström Å., Modeling of ferrous iron oxidation by Leptospirillum ferrooxidansdominated chemostat culture, Biotechnol. Bioeng.,99, 378-389 (2008) @No $ @ @ Silverman M.P., and Lundgren D.G., Studies on the chemoautotrophic iron bacterium Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans I. An improved medium and a harvesting procedure for securing high cell yields, J. Bacteriol., 77, 642–647 (1959) @No $ @ @ Cunha M.L., Gahan C.S., Menad N., and Sandström Å., Leaching behaviour of industrial oxidic by-products: possibilities to use as neutralisation agent in bioleaching, Mater. Sci. Forum. 587-588, 748-752 (2008) @No $ @ @ Lindblom B., Samuelsson C., Sandström Å., and Ye G., Fine-particle characterization - An important recycling tool, J. Met., 54, 35-38 (2002) @No $ @ @ Sundkvist J.E., Sandström Å., Gunneriusson L., and Lindström E.B., Fluoring toxicity in bioleaching systems, In Proceedings of the 16th International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium (IBS, Cape Town, South Africa, 19-28 (2005) @No $ @ @ Gahan C.S., Cunha M.L., and Sandström Å., Comparative study on different steel slags as neutralising agent in bioleaching, Hydrometallurgy, 95, 190-197 (2009) @No $ @ @ Mehta A.P., and Murr L.E., Fundamental studies of the contribution of galvanic interaction to acid-bacterial leaching of mixed sulfides, Hydrometallurgy, , 235-256 (1983) @No  
<#LINE#>Nonlinear Analysis and Mechanical Characterization of a Micro-Switch under Piezoelectric Actuation<#LINE#>Fard@HamedRaeisi,MansourNikkhah@Bahrami,Yousefi-Koma@Aghil<#LINE#>35-41<#LINE#>6.ISCA-RJRS-2013-271.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN  @School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>11/5/2013<#LINE#>18/6/2013<#LINE#>  In this article, a comprehensive model of a micro-switch subjected to piezoelectric excitation, which accounts for the nonlinearities due to inertia and curvature, is presented. Dynamic equations of this model is derived by the Lagrange method and solved by the Galerkin method using five modes. Micro-switch movable part is assumed as an elastic Euler-Bernoulli beam with clamped-free end conditions. Whereas the major drawback of electrostatically actuated micro-switches is the high driving voltage, using the piezoelectric actuator in these systems can provide less driving voltage. The effect of variation in geometry of piezoelectric layer such as length and thickness as well as piezoelectric voltage on mechanical characterizations is discussed.  The aim of this work is to design and control of a micro-switch with the change in length and thickness of the piezoelectric actuator.  <#LINE#> @ @ Kumar Shanitilal P.J., Self Healing Sensor Network Key Distribution Scheme for Secure Communication, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012) @No $ @ @ , 158-161 (2013) @No $ @ @  Goyal M. and Gobta B.R.K., Pressure Induced Phase Transition in Zinc Sulfide (10nm ZnS) Nano-Crystal, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012) , 21-23 (2013) @No $ @ @  Mahesvaran S., Bhuvaneshwari B., Palani G.S., Nagesh R Iyer and Kalaiselvam S.,  An Overview on the Influence of Nano Silica in Concrete and  a Research Initiative , Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012) @No $ @ @ , 17-24 (2013) @No $ @ @  Dhonde M. and Jaiswal R., TIO2 Microstructure, Fabrication of Thin Film Solar Cells and Introduction to Dye Sensitized Solar Cells, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012) @No $ @ @ , 25-29 (2013) @No $ @ @  Pillai Raji K., Sareen S. J., Toms Joseph C., Chandramohanakumar N. and Balagopalan M., TIO2 Vermifogal Activity of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles, Res. J. Recent Sci.,2(ISC-2012)  , 25-29 (2013) @No $ @ @  Younis M.I., MEMS Linear and Nonlinear Statics and Dynamics, Springer  (2011) @No $ @ @  Zamanian M., Khadem S. E. and Mahmoodi S.N., Non-Linear Response of a Resonanat Viscoelastic Microbeam Under an Electrical, Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 35(4), 329-344 (2010) @No $ @ @ Nayfeh A.H., Younis M.I., and Abdel-Rahman, E.M., Dynamic Pull-in Phenomenon in MEMS Resonators, Nonlinear Dyn., 48, 153-163 (2007) @No $ @ @  Rezazadeh G. and Tahmasebi A.,  Application of Piezoelectric Layers in Electrostatic MEM Actuators: Controlling of pull-in Voltage, Microsystems Technology 12, 1163-1170 (2006) @No $ @ @  Zhou J., Lil P., Zhou F. and Yan p., A Novel MEMS Gas Sensor with Effective Combination of High Sensitivity, Proceeding of the 13th IEEE International Symposium on Application of Ferroelectrics, 10, 471-477 (2002) @No $ @ @ Cattan E., Haccart T., Velu G., Remines D., Bergaud C.  and Nicu L., Piezoelectric Properties of PZT Films for Micro Cantilever, J. Sens. Actuat., 74, 60-64  (1999) @No $ @ @  Li H., Preidikman S., Balachandran B. and Mote J., Nonlinear Free and Forced Oscillations of Piezoelectric Microresonators, J. Micromech. Microeng., 16, 356–367 (2006) @No $ @ @  Mahmoodi S.N. and Jalili N.,  Non-Linear Vibrations and Frequency Response Analysis of Piezoelectrically Driven Microcantilever, International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics, 42, 577-587 (2007) @No $ @ @  Nayfeh A.H. and Pai P.F., Linear and Nonlinear Structural Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2004) @No
<#LINE#>Application of Remote Sensing, GIS and MIF technique for Elucidation of Groundwater Potential Zones from a part of Orissa coastal tract, Eastern India<#LINE#>Biswas@Arkoprovo,Jana@Adarsa,Mandal@Animesh <#LINE#>42-49<#LINE#>7.ISCA-RJRS-2013-284.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, WB–721302, INDIA<#LINE#>15/5/2013<#LINE#>29/6/2013<#LINE#>  With the advent of civilization and economic development of the country the demand for water has increased over the years. Therefore, evaluating the potential groundwater zone is very important for secured groundwater systems. Combination of remote sensing data and geographical information system (GIS) has brought a distinct path to study this kind of problems. Thus, the present study attempts to select and elucidate various groundwater potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in a coastal part of Orissa using remote sensing, GIS and multi-influencing factor (MIF) techniques. Survey of India Topo sheet and Satellite IRS-IC LISS III, Lands at TM digital and SRTM data are used to prepare various thematic layersviz., land use, geomorphological, geological, slope, drainage density and lineament density map. All these six layers are integrated using the Spatial Analyst Tool in Arc GIS 9.2 implying weighted overlay methods to delineate the Ground Water Potential Zones.In weighted overlay analysis each of these layers has been allotted fixed score and weight calculated from MIF technique on the basis of relative contribution of each of these maps towards groundwater potential. All the thematic maps are then enumerated with one another through ground control points and joined step by step using the normalized aggregation method in GIS for computing groundwater potential index. Finally, based on cumulative weighted value, groundwater recharges zones have been selected and classified into very good, good, poor, and very poor zones, respectively. The result depicts major portions of the study area have “Very Good” as well as “Good” prospect while a few scattered areas have very poor prospect. Thus, the results will be supportive for improved organization and supervision of ground water resources of the present area. <#LINE#> @ @ Rodell M, Isabella V. and James S. F., Satellitebased estimates of groundwater depletion in India, Nature, 460, 999–1002 (2009) @No $ @ @ Central Groundwater Board, Ground water scenario in major cities of India. Indian Ministry of Water Resources Report, 229 (2011) @No $ @ @ Tiwari V., Wahr J., Swenson S., Rao A., Singh B. and Sudarshan G., Land water storage variation over Southern India from space gravimetry, Curr. Sci., 101, 536–540 (2011) @No $ @ @ Mohrir A, Ramteke D S., Moghe C A., Wate S R., Sarin R., Surface and ground water quality assessment in Bina region, Indian J. Environ. Prot., 22(9), 961–969 (2002) @No $ @ @  Greenbaum D., Structural Influences on the Occurrence of Groundwater in SE Zimbabwe, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 66, 77–85 (1992) @No $ @ @ Mukherjee S., Targetting saline aquifer by remote sensing and geophysical methods in a part of Hamirpur–Kanpur, India, Hydrol. J., 19, 1867–1884 (1996) @No $ @ @ Jensen J R., Introductory digital image processing, Third EditionPrentice Halls, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 544 (1986) @No $ @ @ Engman E T., Gurney R J., Remote Sensing in Hydrology, Chapman and Hall, London, 225 (1991) @No $ @ @ Saraf A K. and Choudhury P R., Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS for Groundwater Exploration and   Identification of artificial recharge sites, Intl. J. Rem. Sen, 19(10), 1825–1841, (1998) @No $ @ @ Epstein J., Payne K., Kramer E., Techniques for mapping suburban sprawl, Photogram. Eng. Rem. Sens.,63(9), 913–918 (2002) @No $ @ @ Biswas Arkoprovo, Jana Adarsa and Sharma Shashi Prakash, Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones using Satellite Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Techniques: A Case study from Ganjam district, Orissa, India, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(9), 59–66 (2012) @No $ @ @ Jana Adarsa, Sheena Shamina and Biswas Arkoprovo, Morphological change study of Ghoramara Island, Eastern India using Multi Temporal satellite data, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(10), 72–81 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mayavan N., Sundaram, A., Statistical Analysis for Landslide in Relation to Landuse, InSirumalai Hill, Dindigul District, Tami Nadu, India, using GI Technologies, Res. J. Recent Sci., 1(12), 36–39 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mohanty B.K. and Devdas V., Geological mapping of Quartenary formations in Rushikulya river basin in parts of Ganjam District, Orissa, Rec. Geol. Surv. India, 122(3), 5–6 (1989) @No $ @ @ Tripathy J K., Panigrahy R C. and Kumar K V., Geological and Geomorphological studies of a part of Ganjam district, Orrisa by remote sensing techniques, Jour. India. Soc. Rem. Sen, 24(3), 169–177 (1996) @No $ @ @ ESRI-ArcView GIS, The Geographic Information System for everyone, Environmental Systems Research Institute, USA, (1996) @No $ @ @ Magesh N S., Chandrasekar N., Soundranayagam J P., Delineation of groundwater potential zones in Theni district, Tamil Nadu, using remote sensing, GIS and MIF techniques, Geos. Frontiers, 3(2), 189–196 (2012) @No $ @ @ Krishnamurthy J., Venkatesa K N., Jayaraman V. and Manivel M., An approach to demarcate ground water potential zones through remote sensing and a geographical information system, Intl. J. Rem. Sen, 7(10), 1867–1884 (1996) @No $ @ @ Krishnamurthy J., Arul Mani M., Jayaraman V. and Manivel M., Selection of Sites for Artificial Recharge Towards Groundwater Development of Water Resource in India, Proceeding of the 18th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, Kuala Lumpur. 20 - 24 October (1997) @No $ @ @ Lillesand T M. and Kiefer R W., Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, Fifth Edition, John Wiley and Sons (Asia) Pte. Ltd, Singapore, 820 (2000) @No  
@Research Article
<#LINE#>PID Controller for Robotic Manipulator Nonlinear Model and Compare with Sliding Mode Controller<#LINE#>S.H.@Hashemipour,A.@Ghoreishi,Mahdavinasab@S.M.,M.N.@Moghaddasi<#LINE#>50-54<#LINE#>8.ISCA-RJRS-2013-187.pdf<#LINE#>  Department of Electrical Engineering, Young Researcher Club, Roudsar and Amlash Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudsar, IRAN @ Department of Electrical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN @ Department of Electrical Engineering, Sciences and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>11/4/2013<#LINE#>12/5/2013<#LINE#>  In this paper, the nonlinear model of the robotic manipulator has been chosen as the model to be studied. Nowadays, complicated controllers are commonly discussed in many researches. In this work, it will be shown that a simple, practical PID controller operates much better than a robust and nonlinear sliding mode controller in the aforesaid system. Simulation results and the comparison of these two controllers prove this claim to be true. Finally, a robust analysis has been done by which the resistance of these controllers is assessed. <#LINE#> @ @ Hashemipour S.H., Karimi H. and Adeli A., Neural Network MLP with Sliding Mode Controller for Robotic Manipulator, J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 512- 520 (2013) @No $ @ @ Liangyong Wang, Tianyou Chai and Chunyu Yang, Neural-Network-Based Contouring Control for RoboticManipulators in Operational Space, IEEE Trans. Control Systems Technology,20, 1073–1080 (2012) @No $ @ @ Wakilah B.A.M. and Gill K.F., Robot control using self-organizing fuzzy logic, Computation Industry, 15(3), 175-186 (1990) @No $ @ @ Yaonan Wang, Self-learning Controller Based On Neural Networks for Robotic Manipulator, Journal of Automation, 23(5), 335-340 (1997) @No $ @ @ Q.P. Ha et al., Fuzzy Sliding-Mode Controllers with Applications, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron, 48(1), 38-46 (2001) @No $ @ @ Wei Sun, The Researches of Intelligent Neural Network Theories and Their Applications on Robot Control, Changsha: Hunan University (2002) @No $ @ @ Yueming Hu, Theory of Variable Structure Control and its applications, Beijing: Technology Press (2003) @No $ @ @ Tsai C.H., Chung H.Y. and Yu F.M., Neuro-Sliding Mode Control with Its Applications to Seesaw Systems, IEEE Trans Neural Networks, 15(1), 124-134 (2004) @No $ @ @ Yeung K.S. and Chen Y.P., A New Controller Design for Manipulators Using the Theory of Variable Structure Systems, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 33(2), 200-209 (1988) @No $ @ @ Chang W.D., Hwang R.C. and Hsieh J.G., Application of an Auto-Tuning Neuron to Sliding Mode Control, IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern, 32(4), 517-522 (2002) @No $ @ @ Hung-Ching Lu, Cheng-Hung Tsai, Ming-Hung Chang, Radial basis function neural network with sliding mode control for robotic manipulators, International IEEE Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC) (2010) @No 
<#LINE#>A Statistical Method for Designing and analyzing tolerances of Unidentified Distributions<#LINE#>M.M.@Movahedi<#LINE#>55-64<#LINE#>9.ISCA-RJRS-2013-228.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Management, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, IRAN<#LINE#>30/4/2013<#LINE#>15/5/2013<#LINE#>  The mechanical tolerances are set to restrict too large dimensional and geometrical variation in a product. Tolerances have to be set in such a manner that functionality, manufacturability, costs and interchangeability are optimized and balanced between each other. The tolerances and available tolerance design techniques are represented in this text. Statistical tolerance design is emphasized because statistical behavior describes the nature of the manufacturing processes more realistically than worst-case methods. To this end, the Generalized Lambda Distribution (GLD) has been used for design of tolerance. This distribution is highly flexible and based on the available data, can identify and present the related probability distribution function and their statistics. After recognizing the underlying probability distribution function, the results can be employed for the design of tolerance.   <#LINE#> @ @ Syrjala T., Tolerance Design and Coordinate Measurement in Product Development, Helsinki university of technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of M.S. in Engineering, (2004) @No $ @ @ Chandra M. Jeya, Quality control, CRC Press LLC, 5-22 2001) 3.Yourstone S. and Zimmer W., Non-normality and the design of control charts for average, Decision sciences, 23), 1099-1113 (1992) @No $ @ @  Kittlitz R.G., Transforming the exponential for SPC applications, J. of quality technology, (31), 301-308 (1999) @No $ @ @  Peam W.L., Kotz S. and Johnson N.L., Distribution and inferential properties of process capability indices, J. of quality technology, 24), 216-231 (1992) @No $ @ @  Thakur N.S., Yadav K. and Pathak S., On Mean Estimation with Imputation in Two- Phase Sampling Design, Res. J. of Mathematical and Statistical Sci., ), 1-9 (2013) @No $ @ @  Rekha R.C. and Vikas S., Retailer’s profit maximization Model for Weibull deteriorating items with Permissible Delay on Payments and Shortages, Res. J. of Mathematical and Statistical Sci., ), 16-20 (2013) @No $ @ @  Roman U.C., Porey P.D., Patel P.L. and Vivekanandan N., Assessing Adequacy of Probability Distributional Model for Estimation of Design Storm, ISCA J. of Engineering Sci., 1(1), 19-25 (2012) @No $ @ @  Fournier B., Rupin N., Bigerelle M., Najjar D., Iost A., Application of the generalized lambda distribution in a statistical process control methodology, J. of Process control, (16), 1087-1098 (2006) @No $ @ @  Gunter B., The use and Abuse of C chart 1-4. Quality progress, part 1: 22), 72-73, part 2: 22) 108-109, part 3: 22), 79-80, and part 4: 22), 86-87, (1989 a-d) @No $ @ @ Tukey J.W., The future of data analysis, annals J. of mathematical statistics,33), 1-67 (1962) @No $ @ @  Joiner, B. L., Rosenblatt, J. 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L., Generalized Lambda Distribution and Estimation Parameters, The Islamic University of Gaza, M.S. Theses, (2005) @No $ @ @  Tarsitano A., Fitting The Generalized Lambda Distribution to Income data, COMPSTAT’2004 Symposium, Physica-Verlag, (2004) @No $ @ @  Yi X., and Jerome, Y., Continuous Setting and Gaussian Generalized Lambda Distribution Model for Synthetic CDO Pricing, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, (2008) @No $ @ @  Bigerelle M., Najjar D., Fournier B., Rupin N., Iost A., Application of lambda distribution and bootstrap analysis to the prediction of fatigue lifetime and confidence intervals, Int. J. 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@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Use of Low Level Features for Content Based Image Retrieval: Survey<#LINE#>Yasmin@Mussarat,Muhammad@Sharif,Sajjad@Mohsin<#LINE#>65-75<#LINE#>10.ISCA-RJRS-2012-392.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Computer Science, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>22/10/2012<#LINE#>26/12/2012<#LINE#>  Survey paper reviews the fundamental theories of Content Based Image Retrieval algorithms and development in this field. These algorithms retrieve the digital images from large image database. Image is retrieved from the low level visual content features of query image that is color, texture, shape and spatial location. First we review the visual content description of image and then the fundamental schemes for content based image retrieval are discussed. We also address the comparison of query image and target image of large data base with the indexing scheme to retrieve the image.  Relevance feedback in CBIR system is a dominant technique for the retrieval of image which is derived from user’s feedback iteration process. Lastly we discuss the evaluation and semantic gap. In the concluding section we mention our views on role of similarity function with learning and interaction, the problem of evaluation and semantic gap as well as future research directions. <#LINE#> @ @ Yan Gao, KapLuk Chan and Wei-Yun Yau, Learning in Content Based Image Retrieval – A Brief Review, 6th International Conference on Information, Communications & Signal Processing,1-5 (2007) @No $ @ @ Chang S.K. and Hsu A., Image information systems: where do we go from here? IEEE Trans. On Knowledge and Data Engineering, 5(5),431-442(1992) @No $ @ @ P. S. Hiremath,  JagadeeshPujari, Content Based Image Retrieval using Color, Texture and Shape features, International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications,780-784 (2007) @No $ @ @ G. Rafiee, S.S. Dlay, and W.L. Woo, A Review Of Content Based Image Retrieval Database, SCI-EXPANDED and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science (CPCI-S), 73(1), 1-23 (2004) @No $ @ @  C. R. Shyuet. al, Local versus Global Features for Content-Based Image Retrieval", IEEE Workshop on Content-Based Access of Image and Video Libraries, Workshop on Content-Based Access of Image and Video Libraries 1998 @No $ @ @ Yong Rui, Thomas S. Huang, Michael Ortega, and Sharad Mehrotra, Relevance Feedback: A Power Tool for Interactive Content-Based Image Retrieval, IEEE Transactions On Circuits And Systems For Video Technology, 8(5),(1998) @No $ @ @  S. Nandagopalan, Dr. B. S. Adiga, and N. Deepak , A Universal Model for Content-Based Image Retrieval, International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering,4(4) 249-52(2009) @No $ @ @  Minkashi Banerjee elesvier, CBIR using visually significant point features, Fuzzy Sets and Systems160(23), 3323-3341 (2009) @No $ @ @  M.BabuRao et al. Content Based Image Retrieval using Dominant Color, Texture and Shape, International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST), 3(4),2887-2896 (2011) @No $ @ @  P. S. Hiremath and JagadeeshPujari, Content Based Image Retrieval based on Color, Texture and Shape features using Image and its complement, International Journal of Computer Science and Security, 1(4) (2007) @No $ @ @ T. Gevers, and A. W. M.Smeulders, Picto seek: Combining color and shape invariant features for image retrieval, IEEE Trans. on image processing, 9(1), 102-119 (2000) @No $ @ @  J. Huang. Color-Spatial Image Indexing and Applications PhD thesis, Cornell Univ., (1998) @No $ @ @  W Hsu, T.S. Chua and H. K. Pung. An integrated color-spatial approach to content-based image retrieval ACM Multimedia Conference, 305-313 (1995) @No $ @ @  E. Mathias, Comparing the influence of color spaces and metrics in content-based image retrieval, Proceedings of International Symposium on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Vision, 371-378(1998) @No $ @ @  AibingRao, Rohini K. Srihari, Zhongfei Zhang, Spatial Color Histograms for Content-Based Image Retrieval, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference onTools with Artificial Intelligence,183-186, (1999) @No $ @ @ 6.P. Aigrain, H. Zhang, and D. Petkovic, Content-Based Representation and Retrieval of Visual Media: A State of the Art Review, Multimedia Tools and Applications, 3, 179-202(1996) @No $ @ @  Y. Gong, H. J. Zhang, and T. C. Chua, An image database system with content capturing and fast image indexing abilities, Proc. IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 121-130(1994) @No $ @ @  G.Pass, and R. Zabith, "Comparing images using joint histograms," Multimedia Systems, 7, 234-240(1999) @No $ @ @  G. Pass, and R. 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<#LINE#>A Survey on the History of thoughts Interaction from Philo to Ibn al-Arabi<#LINE#>Hajebrahimi@Tahereh<#LINE#>76-83<#LINE#>11.ISCA-RJRS-2012-430.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Comparative Religion and Mysticism, Faculty of Theology and Philosophy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, IRAN<#LINE#>28/11/2012<#LINE#>25/5/2013<#LINE#>  Philo of Alexandria as a middle Platonist philosopher has had the most influence on the history of religious and philosophic thoughts. His opinions were adapted by Islamic thinkers through intermediaries. Then being combined with the Islamic thought and forming the Islamic Platonic Ideas, Philos opinions reached to Jewish thinkers of the Spain. Due to the symbiotic relationship and having the common language in Spain, Jews and Moslem Scholars reached to the common points in philosophy and other aspects of thoughts in the middle ages. Therefore we can see similarities in ideas of Philo and Ibn al-Arabi despite the large interval. In this paper we have a study on the history of intellectual interaction between the two thinkers <#LINE#> @ @ Miguel Asín Palacios, The mystical philosophy of Ibn Masarra and his followers and his role in incorporating Greek and Islamic philosophy to the West, (2007) @No $ @ @ See Winston, David, Hellenistic Jewish Philosophy, History of Jewish Philosophy, Daniel H. Frank & Oliver Leaman (eds), New York (1997) @No $ @ @ Lazarus-Yafeh, H., Judeo-Arabic Culture, Encyclopedia Judaica Yearbook, Jerusalem, (1979) @No $ @ @ Goitein S.D., Between Hellenism and Renaissance- Islam, the Intermediate Civilization, Islamic Studies, (1963) @No $ @ @ Altmann A., Judaism and World Philosophy: From Philo to Spinoza, The Jews: Their Role in Civilization, L. Finkelstein (ed.), New York (1949) @No $ @ @ See Hodgson M.G.S., The Venture of Islam, Chicago (1974) @No $ @ @ Nemoy L., The Attitude of the Early Karaies towards Christianity, Salo Wittmayer Baron Jublilee Volume on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday, S. Lieberman & A. Hyman (eds), New York, (1974) @No $ @ @ Kraemer J.L., Humanism in Renaissance of Islam, The Cultural Revival during the Buyid Age, Leiden (1986) @No $ @ @ Mez A., The Renaissance of Islam, S.K. Bukhsh & D.S. Margoliouth (trans), Patna (1937) @No $ @ @ Whitehead A.N., An Appeal to Sanity, Science and Philosophy, New York, (1948) @No $ @ @ Miguel Asín Palacios, Ibn al-Arabi: Life and Tradition, translated by Hamid Reza Sheikhi, Theran, Asatir Pub, (2006) @No 
<#LINE#>Cloud-Based Shared Food Ordering System with Context Awareness: A Location Base Services Approach<#LINE#>Ahsan@Kamran,Nouman@Nazish,Kamran@Anum,Farhana@Hussain,Ahmed@SaboohiNaeem<#LINE#>84-89<#LINE#>12.ISCA-RJRS-2013-046.pdf<#LINE#>  Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, PAKISTAN  @ Jinnah Univesity for Women, 5C, Nazimabad, Karachi, PAKISTAN<#LINE#>10/2/2013<#LINE#>27/3/2013<#LINE#>Mobile Marketing and Location Based Services is no longer somewhat people just talk about.Location-based services (LBSs) are increasingly popular day by day. LBS provide personalized service to Smartphone/tablet users by exposing users’ location information.These services may be offered on request, such as a list of nearest ATM machines, amusement parks, beaches, hospitals, restaurants, shopping malls or gas stations etc. these services gives advantage to delivered automatically when a certain event occur. It has been proved by the research that the most popular location user searches, are restaurants and stores users search for, followed by local attractions and locations associated with leisure time. Many applications exist for ordering food on-the-go, but most of them maintain their own databases for restaurant menus and provide no or little support for a “Joint-Order”. This paper answers both questions by giving architecture with integration of third-party operated menu database (OpenMenu), and innovates a “Shared Food Basket” concept. By using Open Menu, restaurants can maintain their menus at one place, and use it everywhere, hence reducing the need for updating same menu at several places. A shared food basket is a new concept, which has capability to select menu items by multiple users, but only one of them can place it as order. The presented cloud computing approach positively minimizes the time taken to process an order, when a group of friends meet at lunch/ dinner. This research provides context-awareness model with mobile functions integration for food industry. This model tends to be cost-effective and ubiquitous access, the architecture fit into a cloud approach.  <#LINE#> @ @ Brian Hayes, Cloud Computing, Communications of the ACM, 51(7) (2008) @No $ @ @ Shuai Zhang, Shufen Zhang, Xuebin Chen, Xiuzhen Huo, Cloud Computing Research and Development Trend, Appeared in the proceedings of Second International Conference on Future Networks, 2010 (2010) @No $ @ @ Aaron Weiss., Computing in the clouds. Net Worker 11, 4 (2007) @No $ @ @ Foodservice, Retrieved December 1, 2012, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodservice (2012) @No $ @ @ LizettaStaplefoote 2012. Tech Guru Finds Reliable Service and Support with Rackspace. Extracted from http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/case-study/ tech-guru-finds-reliable-service-and-support-with-rackspace, (September 6, 2012).@No $ @ @ Lara Sowinski., Why Cloud Computing is an Imperative, Extracted from http://www.foodlogistics.com/article/ 10780659/why-cloud-computing-is-an-imperative (2012) @No $ @ @ @No $ @ @  Chris Ward, Case study: Restaurant industry in the cloud. Extracted from http://www.businesscloudnews.com/ applications/273-case-study-restaurant-industry-in-the-cloud.html (2011) @No $ @ @  Shek, Sidney, Next Generation Location Based Services For Mobile Devices, Leading Edge Forum, CSC Grants (2011) @No $ @ @  Shah., Neil., Location Based Services-Technologies in Wireless Network, Retrieved August 22, 2012, from Technowiz: http://technowizz.wordpress.com/ 2010/01/03/ lbs-technologies-part-1/.(2009) @No $ @ @  Humerfelt S., Brief History of GPS from http://home.online.no/~sigurdhu/GPS_history.htm (2009) @No $ @ @ Salzberg B. and Tsotras V.J., A Comparison of Access Methods for Time Evolving Data, ACM Computing Surveys, 31(2) (1999) @No $ @ @  Rao B. and Minakakis L., Assessing the Business Impact of Location Based Services, 37th International Conference on System Sciences, Hawaii: IEEE(2004) @No $ @ @ Shijun Yu, Matching User's Semantics with Data Semantics in Location-Based Services, Shijun Yu, Lina Al-Jadir, StefanoSpaccapietra, ACM (2005) @No $ @ @  Kang G. Shin., X.J. PPLBS., IEEE Wireless Communications (2012) @No $ @ @  Christopher Jenkin. ”Mobile Technology Meets the Restaurant Industry,”http://ezinearticles.com/?Mobile-Technology-Meets-the-Restaurant Industry&id=6806837(2013) @No $ @ @  Michael Dixon, Sheryl E. Kimes., and Rohit Verma  Customer Preferences for Restaurant Technology Innovations, 9(7) (2012) @No $ @ @  Liddle Alan J., Location-based tech gaining ground with restaurants, (2010) @No $ @ @ http://nrn.com/article/location-based-tech-gaining-ground-restaurants(2010) @No $ @ @ Open Menu, Retrieved November 25, 2012, from OpenMenu: http://openmenu.com/ (2012) @No $ @ @ Mewada Shivlal and Singh Umesh Kumar, Performance Analysis of Secure Wireless Mesh Networks, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(3), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Nagadeepa N., Enhanced Bluetooth Technology to Assist the High Way Vehicle Drivers, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(8), 82-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Shahaboddin Shamshirband and Ali Za'fari, Evaluation of the Performance of Intelligent Spray Networks Based On Fuzzy Logic, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(8), 77-81 (2012) @No $ @ @ Mewada Shivlal and Singh Umesh Kumar, Performance Analysis of Secure Wireless Mesh Networks, Res.J.Recent Sci.,1(3), 80-85 (2012) @No $ @ @ Orzan G., Serban C., Iconaru C. and Macovei O.I., Modeling the Impact of Online Social Marketing Campaigns on Consumers’ Environmentally Friendly Behavior, Res. 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<#LINE#>Stress and Burnout in the Higher Education Sector in Pakistan: A Systematic Review of Literature<#LINE#>Rosman@Md.Yusoff,Faisal@Khan<#LINE#>90-98<#LINE#>13.ISCA-RJRS-2013-213.pdf<#LINE#> Faculty of Management, Universiti Teknologi, (UTM), MALAYSIA  @ Faculty of Management (FM), Universiti Teknologi, (UTM), MALAYSIA <#LINE#>23/4/2013<#LINE#>19/5/2013<#LINE#>  The paper explores stress and burnout in higher education sector of Pakistan. It explores the historical neglect poverty and socio-political marginalization, complemented by natural disasters and anti-terrorist military operations. These are causes for less development in the sector. Additional to them, internal job related factors add to cause stress and burnout. The paper conducted a systematic literature review including papers from 8 journals and 6 books in 4 electronic databases. It concludes that teachers and administrators should know about job stress, burnout, stressors and coping mechanisms and produce policies for making the working environment congenial.  <#LINE#> @ @ Cooper C.L. and Dewe P.J., Stress: A Brief History: John Wiley & Sons (2004) @No $ @ @ Humphrey J.H., Anthology of Stress Revisited: Selected Works Of James H. Humphrey: Novinka Books (2005) @No $ @ @ Hartig T., Kylin C. and Johansson G., The Telework Tradeoff: Stress Mitigation vs. Constrained Restoration, Applied Psychology, 56(2), 231-253 (2007) @No $ @ @ Coleman J.C., Morries C.G. and Glares A.C., Contemporary Psychology and Effective Behaviour (Sixth ed.), Glenview IL: Scott, Foresman (1987) @No $ @ @ Patiraj K. and Richa M., Effect of Job Stress and Personal Life Stress on Mental Health and Job Outcomes of Medical Professionals, Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1437409 (2009) @No $ @ @ CUPE, Enough Workplace Stress: Organizing for Change. 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[doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2010.03.003], International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 40(4), 379-385 (2010) @No $ @ @  Kaur R. and Chaddha N.K., Study of job stress with job involvement and job satisfaction, Indian Journal of Behaviour, 12, 34-40 (1988) @No $ @ @ Ganster D.C. and Schaubroeck J., Work stress and Employee Health, Journal of Management, 17, 235-271 (1991) @No $ @ @ Jex S.M., Stress and job performance: theory, research, and implications for managerial practice: Sage Publications, (1998) @No $ @ @ Choi S.L., Ahmad J., Musibau A.A. and Lim C.G., A Review on Job Stressor in the Perspective of Health Care Industry, Research Journal od Recent Sciences, 2(3), 81-86 (2013) @No $ @ @ Cummins R.C., Job stress and the buffering effect of supervisory support, Group and organization studies, 15(1), 92-104 (1990) @No $ @ @ Spielberger C.D., Ritterband L.M., Sydeman S.J. and Reheiser E.C. and Unger K.K., Assessment of emotional states and personality traits: Measuring psychological vital signs. In J.N.Butcher (Ed.), Series on Clinical Psychology: Practical Considerations in Clinical Personality Assessment, The California School of Organizational Studies Handbook of Organizational Counsulting Psychology A Comprehensive Guide To Theory, Skills, And Techniques,, 42-58 New York: Oxford University Press, (1995) @No $ @ @ Burke R.J. and Greenglass E.R., Job Stressors, Type A Behavior, Coping Responses, and Psychological Burnout Among Teachers, International Journal of Stress Management, 2(1), 45-57 (1995) @No $ @ @ Kristensen T.S., Borritz M., Villadsen E. and Christensen K.B., The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: A new tool for the assessment of burnout, [doi: 10.1080/02678370500297720], Work & Stress, 19(3), 192-207 (2005) @No $ @ @ Maslach C. and Jackson S.E., The measurement of experienced burnout, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2(2), 99-113 (1981) @No $ @ @ Martinussen M., Richardsen A.M. and Burke R.J., Job demands, job resources, and burnout among police officers, [doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2007.03.001], Journal of Criminal Justice, 35(3), 239-249 (2007) @No $ @ @ Bekker M.H.J., Croon M.A. and Bressers B., Childcare involvement, job characteristics, gender and work attitudes as predictors of emotional exhaustion and sickness absence, [doi: 10.1080/02678370500286095], Work & Stress, 19(3), 221-237 (2005) @No $ @ @ Schlichte J., Yssel N. and Merbler J., Pathways to Burnout: Case Studies in Teacher Isolation and Alienation, [doi: 10.3200/PSFL.50.1.35-40], Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 50(1), 35-40 (2005) @No $ @ @ Winefield A.H., Gillespie N., Stough C., Hapuarachchi J. and Boyd C., Occupational stress in Australian university staff: Results from a national survey, International Journal of Stress Management, 10(1), 51-63 (2003) @No $ @ @ Calloway J., Technology, Stress and the lawyer’s quality of life, Oklahoma Bar Journal, 74(30), (2003) @No $ @ @ Gupta N., Some Sources and Remedies of Work Stress among Teachers: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory, 211 East Seventh Street, Austin, TX 78701 ($3.00), (1981) @No $ @ @ Johnstone M., Time and Tasks: Teacher Workload and Stress. Spotlights 44: Scottish Council for Research in Education, 15 St. John Street, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 8JR, (1993) @No $ @ @ King R.M., Managing Teaching Loads--And Finding Time for Reflection and Renewal, Inquiry, 7(1), 11-21 (2002) @No $ @ @ Ling L., A Study of Occupational Stress Among Hong Kong aided Scondary Shool Tachers, Hong Kong, (1991) @No $ @ @ Moore R.K., A comparison of the Data Requirements of Automatic Speech Recongnition Systems and Human Listeners, 2582-2584 (2003) @No $ @ @ Jepson E. and Forrest S., Individual contributory factors in teacher stress: The role of achievement striving and occupational commitment, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(1), 183-197 (2006) @No $ @ @ Kyriacou C., Teacher stress and burnout: an international review. [doi: 10.1080/0013188870290207], Educational Research, 29(2), 146-152 (1987) @No $ @ @ Kuzsman F.L. and Schnall H., Managing teachers' stress:Improving discipline, The Canadian School Executive,, , 3-10 (1987) @No $ @ @ Lee V.E. and Smith J.B., Effects of School Restructuring on the Achievement and Engagement of Middle-Grade Students, Sociology of Education, 66(3), 164-187 (1993) @No $ @ @ Cockburn A.D., Primary teachers' knowledge and acquisition of stress relieving strategies, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 66(3), 399-410 (1996) @No $ @ @ Klem A.M. and Connell J.P., Relationships Matter: Linking Teacher Support to Student Engagement and Achievement, Journal of School Health, 74(7), 262-273 (2004) @No $ @ @ Violanti J.M. and Aron F., Police stressors: Variations in perception among police personnel, [doi: 10.1016/0047-2352(95)00012-F], Journal of Criminal Justice, 23(3), 287-294 (1995) @No $ @ @  Klockars C.B., Ivkovi S.K. and Haberfeld M.R., Enhancing police integrity, Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Verlag, (2006) @No $ @ @ Billingsley B.S., Special Education Teacher Retention and Attrition: A Critical Analysis of the Literature, Center on Personnel Studies in Special Education University of Florida, 3-7 (2003) @No $ @ @ Schaufeli W.B. and Taris T.W., The conceptualization and measurement of burnout: Common ground and worlds apart The views expressed in Work and Stress Commentaries are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily represent those of any other person or organization, or of the journal, [doi: 10.1080/02678370500385913], Work & Stress, 19(3), 256-262, (2005) @No $ @ @ Fimian M.J. and Santoro T.M., Sources and Manifestations of Occupational Stress as Reported by Full-Time Special Education Teachers, Exceptional Children, 49(6), 540-543 (1983) @No $ @ @ Terry P.M., Teacher burnout: Is it real? Can we prevent it?, Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED408258.pdf, (1997) @No $ @ @ Goldenberg D. and Waddell J., Occupational stress and coping strategies among female baccalaureate nursing faculty, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15(5), 531-543 (1990) @No $ @ @ Drazin R. and Schoonhoven C.B., Community, Population, and Organization effects on innovation: A Multilevel perspective (p.1081)  , Academy of Management Journal, 39(5), 1065-1083 (1996) @No $ @ @  Bhatti N., Hashmi M.A., Raza S.A., Shaikh F.M. and shafiq K., Empirical Analysia of Job Stress on Job Satisfaction among University Teachers in pakistan,International Business Research, 4(3), 246-270 (2011) @No $ @ @  HEC. Offical website of Higher Education Commision of Pakistan, Retrieved 01 Dec 2012, from http://www.hec.gov.pk/InsideHEC/Divisions/QALI/Others/Statistics/Pages/YearWiseSummary2.aspx, (2012) @No $ @ @  Raza A., Relationship between Ocupational Stress and Job Satisfaction of faculty: the case of university of Punjab, Human Resource Management, 43, 6913-6920 (2012) @No $ @ @ GOP, Higher Education Ordinance. Retrieved from http://www.hec.gov.pk/MediaPublication/HECPublication/Documents/455_HECOrdinance.pdf. (2002) @No $ @ @  World Bank, World Bank Report on Pakistan: Country Summary of Higher Education: World Bank, ( 2007) @No $ @ @  Iyer K. and Khan Z.A., Depression – A Review, Research Journal od Recent Sciences, 1(4), 79-87 (2012) @No $ @ @ ESP, Economic Survey of Pakistan, Special Section 1: The Cost of War on Terror, Retrieved from http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_11/Special%20Section_1.pdf. (2011) @No $ @ @  KPK, Area Population, Retrieved 20 May 2011, from http://www.khyberpakhtunkhwa.gov.pk/aboutus/Area-Population.php, (2011) @No $ @ @  Mufti I., Economic Cost of the Flood in Pakistan. 03. Retrieved from http://www.sappk.org/publications/articles/ Article_Irfan_Mufti.pdf , (2010) @No $ @ @  Azam K., Saeed G., Ullah S., Khan A., Aamir A. and Farooq N., Competency Gap Assessment of Social Organizers: The Case of NGOs in Pakistan, International Review of Business Research Papers, 5(5), 47-62 (2009) @No $ @ @  Ahmad S., National Flood Reconstruction Plan 2010, (2011) @No $ @ @  Azam K., Yussof R.M. and Marwat A.K., The Role of Coping Capacities in Disaster Perspective: A Case of Pakistan Flash Floods, 2010, OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, (3), 109-126, (2012) @No $ @ @  Garrett R.M., Teacher job satisfaction in developing countries, Educational Research Supplemental Series,Retrieved from http://www.eric.ed.gov/ PDFS/ ED459150.pdf, (1999) @No $ @ @  Rasmussen T.H. and Jeppesen H.J., Teamwork and associated psychological factors: A review, [doi: 10.1080/02678370600920262], Work & Stress, 20(2), 105-128, (2006) @No $ @ @ Watts, J, and Robertson, N. Burnout in university teaching staff: a systematic literature review. [doi: 10.1080/00131881.2011.552235]. Educational Research, 53(1), 33-50, (2011) @No $ @ @  Akbar A. and Akhtar W., Faculty Stress at Higher Education: A study on the Business Schools of PakistanPaper presented at the World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, (2011) @No $ @ @  Manzoor M.U., Usman M., Naseem M.A. and Shafiq M.M., A study of Job Stress and Job satisfication among Universities Faculty in Lahore Pakistan, Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 11(9), 12-16 (2011) @No $ @ @  Usman A., Ahmed Z., Ahmed I. and Akhtar Z., Work Stress Experienced by the Teaching Staff og University of the Punjab, Pakistan: Antecedents and consequences,International Journal of Business and Social Science, (8), 202-210, (2011) @No $ @ @  Agbatogun A.O., Teachers’ Management of Stress Using Information and Electronic Technologies, Journal of Social Science, 24(1), 1-7 (2010) @No $ @ @  Klassen R.M., Teacher Stress: The Mediating Role of Collective Efficacy Beliefs, [doi: 10.1080/00220670903383069], The Journal of Educational Research, 103(5), 342-350 (2010) @No $ @ @ 1.Chaplain R.P., Stress and psychological distress among trainee secondary teachers in England, [doi: 10.1080/01443410701491858], Educational Psychology, 28(2), 195-209 (2008) @No $ @ @  Shirom A., Reflections on the study of burnout The views expressed in Work & Stress commentaries are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily represent those of any other person or organization, or of the journal. [doi: 10.1080/02678370500376649], Work & Stress, 19(3), 263-270 (2005) @No $ @ @  Lackritz J.R., Exploring burnout among university faculty: incidence, performance, and demographic issues, [doi: 10.1016/j.tate.2004.07.002], Teaching and Teacher Education, 20(7), 713-729 (2004) @No $ @ @  Zembylas M. and Papanastasiou E., Job satisfaction among school teachers in Cyprus,  Journal of Educational Adminstration, 42, 357-374 (2004) @No $ @ @  Gillespie N.A., Walsh M., Winefield A.H., Dua J. and Stough C., Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress, [doi: 10.1080/02678370117944], Work & Stress, 15(1), 53-72 (2001) @No $ @ @ Byrne B.M., Burnout: Investigating the Impact of Background Variables for Elementary, Intermediate, Secondary, and University Educators. Teaching and Teacher Education, (2), 197-209, (1991) @No $ @ @  Hanif R., Role of self efficacy in Teacher Stress and Job Performance of Women School teachers. Paper presented at the 28th ISPA Colloquium, Hangzhau, China (2010) @No $ @ @  Moore W., Teachers and stress pressure of life at the chalkface, from http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/ view/20070831/education/teachers-and-stress-pressures-of-life-at-the-chalkface.6503, (2005) @No  
<#LINE#>Perspective Review of Manager's Criteria's for Marketing in Iran<#LINE#>Amin@Asadollahi,Abolfazl@Pakari,Parisa@Ansari,MohammadAmoli@Shima,khorasani@LeilasadatMirhamidi<#LINE#>99-106<#LINE#>14.ISCA-RJRS-2013-221.pdf<#LINE#> Department of Business Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IRAN <#LINE#>27/4/2013<#LINE#>14/5/2013<#LINE#>  This paper will examine how managers approach marketing in Iran. Using data from a large-scale empirical study in Iran, We have focused on ways to approach marketing managers to measure and identify the criteria that they are stressed. The performance is a reflection of Iranian management. In dictating that managers will use a combination of criteria. Such as the total number of customers, number of complaints and customer satisfaction are among the best known and most widely used standards. Reviewed the results of10 of the most relevant criteria in four groups: Including customer perspective, financial, market and product vision and innovation. Indicators related to management of customer's perspective, the most important requirements. In addition, we will discuss he results. Comparison with previous studies in other countries do. Finally, the results and the way for future research are provided. <#LINE#> @ @ Babai Z. and Mohammad A., Advanced Investment Management (2003) @No $ @ @ Esmail Pour H. and Ghafari Ashtiyani P., Service Marketing, (2002) @No $ @ @ William W.W., Econometrics, Journal of Marketing, 18,108109 (1953) @No $ @ @ Rousta A., Marketing Management,  (2004) @No $ @ @ Clark B.H., Marketing performance measures: History and interrelationships, Journal of Marketing Management, 15,711733 (1999) @No $ @ @ Farris P., Bendle N. Pfeifer P. and Reibstein D., Marketing metrics: 50 + metricsevery executive should master. New Jersey: Wharton School Publishing (2006) @No $ @ @ Rousta A., Marketing Management, (2008) @No $ @ @ Rezai Nejad A., Global Marketin Management, (2002) @No $ @ @ Raii Reza A., Global Marketing Management (2004) @No $ @ @ Zari Baf   M. and Seyed Taghi H., Global Marketing Management (2003) @No $ @ @ AliAhmadiA&Ahmad  A ,. Competitive Strategyand Innovationin Busines (2003) @No $ @ @ Baker M.J., Black C.D. and Hart S.J, The competitiveness of British industry: what really makes the difference European, Journal of Marketing,22(2), 70-85 (1988) @No $ @ @ Brown H.E., Shivishankar R. and Brucker R.W., Requirements driven market segmentation, Industrial Marketing Management, 18, 105-12 (1989) @No $ @ @ Chandler G.N. and Hanks S.H., Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies and venture performance, Journal of Business Venturing, 9(4), 331-49 (1994) @No $ @ @ Cooper R.G., Winning at New Products: Accel-erating the Process from Idea to Launch, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA (1993) @No $ @ @ Dibb S., Developing a decision tool for identi-fying operational and attractive segment, Journal of Strategic Marketing; 3, 189-203 (1995) @No $ @ @ Dibb S. and Simkin L., The Market Segmentation Workbook: Target Marketing for Marketing Managers, .ITBP, London (1996) @No $ @ @ Dibb, S., Simkin, L., Pride, W. and Ferrell, O.C., Marketing: Concepts and Strategies, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA (1997) @No $ @ @ Doyle P., Marketing in the new millennium, European Journal of Marketing, 29(13), 23-41 (1995) @No $ @ @ Doyle P., Saunders J. and Wong V., A com-parative study of Japanese marketing strategies in the Brit-ish market, Journal of International Business Studies, 17(1), 27-46 (1986) @No $ @ @ Hedley B., Strategy and the business portfolio, Long Range Planning., 10, 9-15 (1997) @No $ @ @ Hlavacek J.D. and Reddy N.M., Identifying and qualifying industrial market segments, European Journal of Marketing., 20(2), 8-21 (1996) @No $ @ @ Hutt, M.D. and Speh, T.W., Business Marketing Management, The Dryden Press, Chicago, IL, (1989) @No $ @ @ Kotler, P., Marketing Management, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, (1984 and 1994)25.Kotler, P. and Andreasen, A., Strategic Market-ing for Non-Profit Organisations, Prentice- Hall, Engle-wood Cliffs, NJ (1987) @No  
@Case Study
<#LINE#>The Relationship between Organizational Climate Dimensions and Corporate Entrepreneurship (Case Study: Meshkinshahr Payam Noor University, Iran)<#LINE#>masomi@Elahe,Amir@Eghdami,asl@MohsenDerakhshan,Saeid@Ashore,Ghanimat@Peyman<#LINE#>107-113<#LINE#>15.ISCA-RJRS-2013-261.pdf<#LINE#>  Department ofManagement, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, IRAN @ Department ofManagement, Azarshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azarshahr, IRAN  @ Department ofManagement, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, IRAN @ Department of Management, East Azarbaijan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN @ Young Researchers and Elite Club, East Azarbaijan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, IRAN<#LINE#>7/5/2013<#LINE#>21/6/2013<#LINE#>  The aim of this study is to examine the organizational climate dimensions such as clarity and agreement on goals, clarity and role agreement, satisfaction of the rewards, satisfaction and agreement on procedures and effective communication with corporate entrepreneurship. The research statistical population consists of 36 employees in Meshkin Shahr Payam Noor University. Due to its importance, there are no selected data from this population as a sample and all data were used as sample for analyses. Data collection instrument is library studies and field studies. In order to collect data from field studies, corporate entrepreneurship questionnaire and organization climate dimension questioner were used. Validity of questionnaire was confirmed formally and reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and finally corporate entrepreneurship questionnaire was calculated 0.78, and constituent elements of knowledge management questionnaire were reached 0.88. In this study, the Pearson correlation was used to test the research hypotheses, and data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. The results showed that there is a meaningful relationship between organization climate dimension with corporate entrepreneurship and among organization factors; high correlation was obtained with satisfaction and agreement on procedures. Also, it can be said  that tendency toward entrepreneurship in employees of Meshkin Shahr University is 11.1% in average level, 80.6% in high level and 8.3% in very high level. <#LINE#> @ @ Hersey P. and Blanchard K., Management of organizational behavior, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, (1988) @No $ @ @ Fakhimi F., Organization and management (theories, duties and responsibilities), Nasher Hastan (2000) @No $ @ @ Drucker P., The Discipline of Innovation, Harvard Business Review, 5(3), 67-72 (1985) @No $ @ @ Abtahi H., Productivity, Commercial Research and Studies, Tehran (2001) @No $ @ @ Pour Sadeg M., Organizational behavior management, Navy education center publication (2002) @No $ @ @ Dackert I. Loov L.A. and Martensson M., Leadership and climate for innovation in teams, Economic and Industrial Democracy, 2(25), 301-318 (2004) @No $ @ @ Godarzi A. Gaminiyan V., Principles and theories of organizational climate Isfahan, Isfahn Jahad Daneshgahi publication (2002) @No $ @ @ Litween R.S., Entrepreneurship in Action, 2nd edition, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania up, 235-242 (2005) @No $ @ @  Alagebang A., Organizational Climate and Organizational Culture, Entrepreneurship in Iran, 276 (2004) @No $ @ @ Halpin A.W. and Croft D.B., The Organizational Climate of schools, Chicago: U. of Chicago, 258-280 (1993) @No $ @ @ Antonic B. and Hisrich R.D., Clarifying the intrapreneurship concept, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 10(1), 7-24 (2003) @No $ @ @ Fry F., Entrepreneurship: a planning approach, West publishing company (1993) @No $ @ @ Cornwall J.R. and Perlman B., Organizational Entrepreneurship, Boston, MA: Irwin, 216-245 (1990) @No $ @ @ Kuratko D. and Hodgetts R., Entrepreneurship: A Contemporary Approach, NY: The Dryden Press (1989) @No $ @ @ Antoncic B. and Hisrich R.D., Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and Cross-Cultural Validation, Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 495-52 ( 2001) @No $ @ @ Knight G.A., Cross-cultural reliability and validity of a scale to measure firm entrepreneurial orientation, Journal of Business Venturing, 12(3), 213-225 (1997) @No $ @ @ Zahra S.A. and Covin J.G. Contextual influences on the corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship: A longitudinal analysis, Journal of Business Venturing, 10(3), 43-58 (1995) @No $ @ @ Covin J.G., and Slevin D.P., Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm Behavior, Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 16(2), 7-25 (1991) @No $ @ @ Moghimi S.M., Effective factors on corporate entrepreneurship in social and cultural sectors, management culture quarterly, (7), 27-28 (2004) @No $ @ @ Reza Zadeh H. Investigation the relationship between organizational structure and corporate entrepreneurship (case study: Tehran social security organization), MA thesis, University of Tehran (2003) @No $ @ @ Pakjoo M.R., Relationship between culture dimensions and corporate entrepreneurship interactive model characteristics (comparison of management of Tejarat bank branch 6 in Tehran province and East Azerbaijan branches management), MA thesis, Allameh Tabatabi University (2004) @No $ @ @ Abbass Zadegan S.M., Quality and Entrepreneurship, Management Journal, 89-90 (2004) @No $ @ @ Norouzi M., Investigation the relationship between psychological factors and empowering of stuff with organizational performance in Tehran Mellat Bank branches, MA thesis, University of Tehran (2005) @No $ @ @ Jahangiri A., Designing and offering entrepreneurship paradigm in state organization, Iran customs organization, PhD thesis, Iran research and science Islamic Azad University (2003) @No $ @ @ Davidsson P. and Wiklund J., Levels of analysis in entrepreneurship research: Current research practice and suggestions for the future, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(4), 81- 99 (2001) @No $ @ @ Snipes R.L. Oswasld S.L. Lotour M. and Armenakis A.A., The Effectcts of Specific Job Satisfaction Facets on Costomer Perception of Service Quality: An Employee Level Analysis, Journal of Business Research, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online (2004) @No $ @ @ Eyal O. and Inbar D., Development a public school entrepreneurship inventory, International journal of entrepreneurial behavior and research, 9(6) (2003) @No $ @ @ Brianing S.L., Creating value through entrepreneurship: A reconceptualization, theoretical extension, and conceptual level empirical investigation of the resource based view of the firm, Ph. Dissertation, The State University of New Jersey - Newark (2004) @No $ @ @ Alikhani M.H., Study of organizational climate of military faculty, MA thesis, faculty of psychology and education, Isfahan university curriculum (1994) @No $ @ @ Heshmat khah A., Organizational climate and its effect on organization alienation Neaei sadeg quarterly, (15), 167-169 (2005) @No $ @ @ Hurley R.F., and Hult G.T., Innovation, market orientation, and organizational learning: an integration and empirical examination, Journal of Marketing, 62(7), 42-54 (1998) @No $ @ @ West M.A., The social psychology of innovation in groups, In M.A.West & J.L. Farr (Eds.), Innovation and creativity at work, Psychological and organizational strategies, 309-333 (1990) @No $ @ @ Abodolmaleki M. and et al, Investigation the relationship between entrepreneurship skills and corporate entrepreneurship (case study: Iran khoodro middle managers), Entrepreneurship journal, (3), 129-103 (2008) @No
<#LINE#>Application of Saffron in Calligraphy and Book-Layout, Case study: Some Hand written Iranian Manuscripts<#LINE#>G.@Sharifi<#LINE#>114-117<#LINE#>16.ISCA-RJRS-2013-296.pdf<#LINE#> Iranian Encyclopedia Compiling Foundation (IECF), Maaref ave. , Farhang Bld., Saadatabad Ave., Tehran, IRAN<#LINE#>21/1/2013<#LINE#>8/4/2013<#LINE#>  Saffron has some coloring characteristics which make it suitable to be used in the art of book-layout.  In this research I have tried to introduce a number of saffron-flavored hand-written Iranian manuscripts with a variety of religious and literary topics as well as their specialized features and place of preservation. As will be discussed in detail, saffron has been utilized for the page layout, marginal decoration as well as for other instances. Finally a detailed review has been given about the proposed content analysis, period and the manner of using saffron in these invaluable works.  <#LINE#> @ @ Fernández, J. A.  Biology, biotechnology and biomedicine of saffron, Recent Research in Developmental Plant Science, (2), 127-159 (2004) @No $ @ @ Moghaddasi  M. S., Saffron chemicals and medicine usage. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research,4(6), 427-430 (2010)  @No $ @ @ Sharifi, G. Etymology and application of saffron (Crocus sativusL.) in ancient Iran, Acta Horticulturae, (850), 309-313 (2010) @No $ @ @ Shayestehfar M., Razaaqi A. S.  Decorative elements in layout art of Quran and Bible (13th & 14th centuries)  , Islamic Art Studies Quarterly, (4), 7-30 (2006) @No $ @ @ Sedaghat F., Shahnamah of Tahmasbi. Magnum Opus of Tabriz School of Painting. Islamic Art Studies Quarterly, (5), 45-72 (2006) @No $ @ @ Khazaee M. Famous Iranian scrapbook in Istanbul and Berlin Museum, Islamic Art Studies Quarterly, (6), 63-76 (2007) @No $ @ @ http://www.shahrisaffron.com/saffron-history(2013) @No $ @ @ http://www.aghabozorg.ir (List of Hand written manuscripts) (2013) @No