International Science Community Association Research Journal of Recent Sciences 15 4 2026 10 2 Research progress in Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon based Nanomaterials 36 40 EN M Kushalatha 1 Biochemistry department, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women Autonomous, Bangalore, India H R Umesh 2 Biochemistry department, Maharani Lakshmi Ammanni College for Women Autonomous, Bangalore, India B S Jyothsna 1 Department of Botany, Government Science College, N.T. Road, Bangalore-01, Karnataka, India S Deepashree Chaitra 2 Department of Botany, Government Science College, N.T. Road, Bangalore-01, Karnataka, India B. Kavitha 1 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Kumar M. B. Bindu 2 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India G. Priya 3 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India B. Mamatha 4 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India B. Kavitha 1 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, India Yadav R. Vijay 2 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, India A. Ankitha 3 Department of Microbiology, Nrupathunga University, Bengaluru, India Kalala José Kalala 1 Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Electronic, Polytechnic Superior National School, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo Mobonda Flory Lidinga 2 Laboratory of Electrical Engineering, ISTA-Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, DR Congo Kazadi André Bandekela 3 Laboratory of Electrical Engineering, ISTA-Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, DR Congo Nsongo Timothée 4 Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo Shivendra Tiwari 1 IES, IPS Academy, Indore, MP, India Sanjay Jain 2 UEC, Ujjain, Indore, MP, India Rajendra Sharma 3 UEC, Ujjain, Indore, MP, India Nisha Patidar 1 Department of Engineering Science and Humanities, Chameli Devi Group of Institutions Umikheda, Khandwa Road, Indore, India Nitish Kumar Gupta 2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Shri Govindram Seksaria Institute of Technology and Science, 23 Park Road, Indore, India > Review Paper 2026 4 9 2026 10 2 The enormous amount of plastic waste obstructs resource recovery and effective environmental management. Although plastic is a revolutionary material with thousands of applications, it constitutes a large portion of the waste generated worldwide. Experts have long worked to address this issue. Research in this area is still in its early stages, but it offers a feasible pathway for both waste reduction and the production of high-value carbon materials such as fullerenes, nanorods, graphene oxide nanosheets, quantum dots, carbon dots, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. This review thoroughly discusses the synthesis, characterization, and remediation methods that use carbon-based products to remove harmful chemicals from wastewater, including heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Researchers employ synthesis techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, fuel-assisted combustion, sol-gel processing, pulsed wire discharge, hydroxide-assisted co-precipitation, and spray pyrolysis to prepare carbon nanomaterials. They characterize carbon nanoparticles using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, TEM, thermogravimetric analysis, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The review also describes waste water remediation processes, including adsorption, filtration, ultrasonic techniques, photocatalysis, phytoremediation, sedimentation, bioretention, and other nanotechnology-based approaches. Furthermore, it examines the synthesis of carbon nanoparticlesfromwasteplasticsusinglowenergyandenvironmentally benign methods to achieve the zero-waste hypothesis. Finally, it briefly discusses the environmental and energy-related applications of these materials. Copyright@ International Science Community Association