<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">Why some alien species become invasive and some of their alien congeners do not, is still an intriguing question in invasion biology. Hence, our study focused on comparative analysis of different morphological traits between four species of genus <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Potamogeton, </em>of which three (</span><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">P. crispus, </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">P. nodosus </span></em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">and <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">P. natans</em>,</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">) are invasive and one (</span><em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">P. perfoliatus</span></em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">) is non-invasive species in Kashmir Himalaya. We compared the traits of target species in three lakes (Dal, Mansbal, and Nilnag) of Kashmir Himalaya that considerably vary in trophic status. Present results revealed maximum rhizome length (</span></p>
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">70.3 cm), </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">highest number of seeds (</span></p>
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<p><span style=\"top: 3pt; font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=\"_x0000_i1025\"
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">117.3),maximum number of flowers (</span></p>
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<p><span style=\"top: 3pt; font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=\"_x0000_i1025\"
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">13), and greater root length (</span></p>
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:acc><m:accPr><m:chr
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<p><span style=\"top: 3pt; font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=\"_x0000_i1025\"
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src=\"file:///C:/Users/Admin/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"11\" height=\"19\" /><!--[endif]--></span></p>
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">30.1cm) was registered by </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">invasive </span><em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">P. nodosus </span></em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">in Dal lake (an eutrophic system) and contrary to it minimum values of these parameters was found in Nilnag lake (an oligotrophic system). However <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">P. </em></span><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">crispus </span></em><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\">registered </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">maximum number of ramets (</span></p>
<!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><m:acc><m:accPr><m:chr
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<p><span style=\"top: 3pt; font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=\"_x0000_i1025\"
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">7) and highest number of leaves (</span></p>
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<p><span style=\"top: 3pt; font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-text-raise: -3.0pt;\" lang=\"EN-US\"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=\"_x0000_i1025\"
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<p><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">38) in Manasbal Lake (a mesotropic system) and lowest number of leaves in Nilnag Lake </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">(an oligotrophic system). Bray-Curtis cluster analysis showed higher trait similarity among same species in different water bodies. ANOVA showed </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">that seven traits namely </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">rhizome length (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.067), </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">number of ramets(</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.092), </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">leaf length</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.065), </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">leaf width</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.060) </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">number of leaves</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.087), </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">number of seeds</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.087),<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; </span>and </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">number of flowers</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> (</span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">p</span></em></strong><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">-0.070), are significantly responsible for invasiveness of <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Potamogeton</em> species in the eutrophic water bodies (especially Dal lake) while in oligotrophic water body (Nilnag Lake) all <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Potamogeton</em> species showed nascent invasion</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">. PCA </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">revealed that only <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">P. natans </em>showed negative variance which indicates its apathy towards invasion in Nilnag Lake while P. <em style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">crispus </em>showedinterest in invasion. Conclusively, </span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">comparative analysis</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> revealed that seven out of fifteen morphological traits support invasion of the three species in the eutrophic lake (Dal lake) while that of noninvasive remained nascent. It also clearly indicated that eutrophication in Dal Lake leads to wild growth of invasive species which in turn prevents the facilitation of non-invasive species to exist; contrary to it</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: SimSun; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\"> no such trend was registered in oligotrophic lake (Nilnag Lake)</span><span style=\"font-family: \'Times New Roman\',\'serif\'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;\" lang=\"EN-US\">. </span></p>