International Science Community Association International Research Journal of Social Sciences 2319 8 4 2019 10 14 Political violence and civil society in India 61 63 EN Rashmi Srinivas 1 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, JSS campus, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Uttarahalli-Kengeri Road, Bangalore - 560060, Karnataka, India Swamy D.R. 2 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, JSS campus, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Uttarahalli-Kengeri Road, Bangalore - 560060, Karnataka, India T.S. Nanjundeswaraswamy 3 Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, JSS campus, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Uttarahalli-Kengeri Road, Bangalore - 560060, Karnataka, India Shih-tseng T. Huang 1 Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan and Center for research in Cognitive Sciences, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan Tung-En Hsiao 2 Department of Psychology, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan Vinh-Long Tran-Chi 3 Center for research in Cognitive Sciences, National Chung-Cheng University, Taiwan Ghulam Mustafa Shaikh 1 Department of Business Administration, Sindh University Campus, Larkana, Pakistan Noor Muhammad Jamali 2 Department of Business Administration, Sindh University Campus, Larkana, Pakistan Ghulam Abbas Panhwar 3 Faculty of Nursing, Benazir Institute of Nursing and Community, Health Services, SMBBMU, Larkana, Pakistan Jalil Ahmed Thebo 4 Faculty of Management Sciences, SZABIST Larkana Campus, Larkana, Pakistan Novlloyd E. Celeste 1 College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Northwest Samar State University, Calbayog City, Philippines Gerald T. Malabarbas 2 College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Northwest Samar State University, Calbayog City, Philippines Eugenia A. Lonzaga 3 College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Northwest Samar State University, Calbayog City, Philippines Maricel Aguila Gomez 1 Science Unit, Leyte Normal University, P. Paterno St. Tacloban City, Leyte Philippines Akpan G.P. 1 Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria Bashar A.K. 2 Kebbi State College of Basic and Advanced Studies, Yauri, Kebbi State, Nigeria Kaoje T.S. 3 Kebbi State College of Basic and Advanced Studies, Yauri, Kebbi State, Nigeria U. Harikrishnan 1 Department of Social Work, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Grace Lalhlupuii Sailo 2 Department of Social Work, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India Muzamil Yaqoob 1 Jawaharlal Nehru University, New-Delhi-110067, India > Short Review Paper 2019 2 9 2019 10 14 The global phenomenon of Political Violence which has been witnessed in different time-spaces has become a major trend for the recalcitrant groups of the society to achieve the desired political ends. Political Violence can be a one-sided affair which involves only the state repression on the disgruntled and enemy groups in the society. However, the recent trend has been the two-sided violence, where the state sponsors the violence on the one hand whereas on the other hand the armed groups or the non-state actors can also be seen confronting the state and its institutions on the ground. Such a confrontational violence has been termed as the civil-war. The origins of the political violence in the Indian union can be traced back to the mid 1960′s when the popular armed uprisings started in the state of west Bengal by the dissatisfied rural poor, influenced by the moist doctrines. In the same period there was another armed uprising against in Jammu and Kashmir. The late 1970′s saw the movement for the independent Khalistan by the Sikh groups in the Indian held Punjab. These movements not only undermined the state sovereignty but also led to the institutional breakdown of civil society. Copyright@ International Science Community Association