International Research Journal of Social Sciences_____________________________________ ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(2), 37-39, February (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci. International Science Congress Association 37 Role of Naujawan Bharat Sabha in National Movement Rakesh Kumar Department of History GSSS Dhanoor, Sirsa, Haryana, INDIAAvailable online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me Received 28th November 2013, revised 18th December 2013, accepted 4th February 2014 Abstract Naujawan Bharat Sabha was trying to establish a Complete Independent of the whole India; to infuse the sprite of patriotism in to the heart of the youths of the country in order to establish a united Indian nation:, to express sympathy with, and to assist the economic, industrial and social movement which, while being free from communal sentiment, are intended to take us near to our ideal namely the establishment of a complete independent republic of labours and peasant; to organise labourers and peasant. Keywords: Independent of the whole India, patriotism, youth, economic, social political movement, labours peasant. Introduction Youth is the builder and architect of the world. It is youths pure and sharp sight, Vigour, energy, confidence, daring, selflessness, sacrifices and forward challenges that incessantly create and recreate the world what is worth challenging or destroying it. in India it were the daring youth that started the war for liberation from the British imperialist, regardless of their personal suffering, tribulations and sacrifices, when wise old men cringed and been before foreign ruler for small benefit gain, and basket in their sunshine. It was the misled, disturbers of peace and irresponsible person. These stones and bombs produced ripples in the mighty ocean of Indian masses and slowly changed the whole outlook, thinking’s behaviours aims and ideals of the country. The young in patient but far-seeing bomb manufactures, bomb thrower and conspirator were amply responsible for laying the foundation of the epic struggle for Indian independenceObjectives i. To analysis the social economic and political programme of Naujawan Bharat Sabha. ii. To analysis the role of Naujawan Bharat Sabha social economic and political Mobilization ofpeasant and workers. Naujawan Bharat Sabha also the history of those young who were trying social, economic political awareness in youth of Punjab during the freedom struggle The Naujawan Bharat Sabha was organised by Bhagat Singh. a student at Punjab national college, Lahore, and nephew of Ajit Singh) and his comrade in was formed in march 1926 at the suggestion of Dr.Satpal to educate young men ,especially the student of the Lahore college in extremist politics, the programme of Sabha comprised debate on moral. Literacy and social subject, the popularisation of swadeshi goods, the inculcation of a sense of brotherhood plain living and physical fitness and the stimulation of interest in Indian languages and civilisation. Before enrolment each member was made to sign a pledge that he would place the interest of his country above those of his community. it soon became clear, however, that the social objects of the Sabha were only cloak for the dissemination of revolutionary ideas. (H.D1930 file no 498/1930)The Naujawan Bharat Sabha which may be translated the “the association of the youth of the motherland”. The Sabha was set up at a conference at Jallianwala Bagh on 12 April 1928 the aims and objectives of the Sabha were declared to be: i. To establish a Complete Independent republic of worker and peasant of the whole of India. ii. To infuse the sprite of patriotism in to the heart of the youths of the country in order to establish a united Indian nation. iii. To express sympathy with and to assist the economic, industrial and social movement. Which while being free from communal sentiment, are intended to take us near to our ideal namely the establishment of a complete independent republic of labours and peasant to organise labourers and peasant? iv. 4. To organise labourers and peasantsIt is obvious from the above that the Sabha is merely cultural and non-political and non-association its aims has been adequately corroborated by the definitely many violently The press organ of Naujawan Bharat Sabha is the Naujawan newspaper which is published at Amritsar was started in October 1928, with the declared policy of developing sprite of patriotism in the hearts of young men, helping the cause of the down trodden labourers and peasant, revving the memories of revolutionary criminal who have sacrifice their lives for the sake of their country and providing young men with literature to induce them to make sacrifices for the liberty of their motherland. The activities of member of the Sabha were noticeable in three directions: i. Interest in the anti- Government movement of political parties. ii. Interest in the communist activities of the Kirti group. iii. Interest in the youth movement. International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(2), 37-39, February (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 38 Under the first head individual member of the Sabha association themselves with the boycott of the Simon Commission, the boycott of British goods, agitation against the Trade Dispute bill and the public safety bill the campaign of misrepresentation following the death of Lala Lajpat rai under the second head member busied themselves in organizing a workers’ and peasant conference at Lyallpur in sep,1928 in which Ramchandra, as chairman of the reception committee, delivered discourse on communism and the Russian Revolution coupled with a denunciation of imperialism, capitalism and the present system of society. He advocated nationalization of wealthy and property, social revolution and an organization of workers and peasant against capitalists, and the removal of the British army from India7 on the occasion of second conference of the Sabha held at Lahore on 24th Feb. 1929, an anti- war resolution was passed calling upon youth no take part in war which was likely to take place in future as imperialist started wars and caused bloodshed to promote their own interests. Members of the Sabha took active part in boycott of Simon commission, hated and supported Russian Revolution, denounced capitalism and imperialism, advocated nationalisation of wealth and property and the removal of British army from India. The sabha published pamphlets such as wealth of nation by Hardyal, India and next war Agnes Smedley, Bharat Mata Ke Dharshan by Chhabil Dass and few words to young men. The last on called upon young men to study the doctrines of democracy, self determination, communism and Bolshevism. Activities of Kirti Kisan party and Naujawan Bharat Sabha promoted the political consciousness of the people in Punjab. This consciousness was reflected in the conspicuous participation of workers and peasants in the massive public demonstration against the Simon Commission when it arrived at Lahore in Oct. 1928. In order to crush the rising communist led mass movement, the government arrested the workers, the peasant and youth leaders in the Meerut Conspiracy case Sohan Singh Josh, Abdul Majid and Kedarnath Sehgal were arrested in march1929.Besides, the government also decided to pass the public safety bill to crush the communist activities in India. To demonstrate the peoples ‘post against these two bills, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha threw bomb in the central assembly on 8 April 1929, they did not try to escape and stood in the visitor’gallery, shouting slogan of “Inqualab Zindabad” (long Live Revolution) subsequently became the battle cry of all militant element. They were arrested and the Lahore conspiracy case was launched against themIn a public meeting 26th June 1931 decided to dissolve itself joint meeting in which thousands of peasant participated in Amritsar, Hissar and Sargodha, the target of attack in these in these meeting were the British government, the congress and the economic system based on exploitation. To raise the class consciousness of the working people and to intensify its ideological fights, the Naujawan Bharat Sabha demarcated itself from other bourgeois nationalist forces like the Congress, in meeting on 2nd August,1931, the working committee Naujawan Bharat Sabha passed a resolution asking its member not to participate in any movement organised by the congress, because the latter was the political party of the Indian bourgeoisie and consequently against the interest of peasant and worker. It also asked its member not to become member of congress11 after the Naujawan Bharat Sabha had functioned a few months, two main trends emerged it, Bhaghat Singh and his comrades were so dismayed with the slow moving nationalist parties that they were impatient to do something spectacular. the patent argument of all terrorist-‘the action will rouse the masses and strengthen the movement ‘history of Anarchism ‘Bhagat Singh write’ a single deed makes more propaganda in a few days than a thousand pamphlets’ and how series of such action ultimately lead to a breaking out of the revolution remained unchallenged but on 16dec 1928 meeting held in Jallianwala Bagh, Sohan Singh Josh declared. “I want to tell you straight that our Naujawan Bharat Sabha does not believe in terrorism. We understand that individual terrorism has not succeeded anywhere in the world. It is possible to kill a few people by the use of terroristic method, but these could replace by other tyrants. This way we cannot change the system nor can we remove in justice and operation. Our object is that man should not be killed but the system be uprooted. That is we want to prepare for mass civil disobedience or mass no tax campaign. That is why we lay stress on organisation Report of government under the criminal law Amendment act, 1908, to declare the Naujawan Bharat Sabha to be unlawfulConclusion Naujawan Bharat Sabha was formed in March 1926. It is not merely a cultural and non political association. Their aims are definitely political and this has been adequately corroborated by the many violently. The Naujawan Bharat Sabha declared policy of developing spirit of patriotism in the hearts of young men, helping the cause of the down trodden labours and peasants, revving the memories of martyrs Naujawan Bharat Sabha were noticeable in three direction: i. Interest in anti government of political parties. ii. Interest in communist activities of the Kirti group. iii. Interest in youth movementNaujawan Bharat Sabha. Advocated, nationalisation of wealth and property, a social revolution and an organisation off worker and peasant against capitalist and the removal of the British army from India They wanted revolution capitalism should be uprooted and necessary to free India from the foreign rule. Naujawan Bharat Sabha was formed to facilitated open work among young and grass root level of society. It tried to bring about a new awaking among the worker, peasants and intelligentsia by disseminating Marxist idea. It tried to unite them on the basis of an economic programme and on line of class struggle. It was concentrated on practical work and launched agitation in support of some of progressive demands of peasantry It was successful in organising a strong movement in the state on these demand. It was also successful in political and social awareness in the youths of Punjab political awareness International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 2319–3565Vol. 3(2), 37-39, February (2014) Int. Res. J. Social Sci.International Science Congress Association 39 in heart of youths at the time of agitation against Simon commission. Reference 1.Ramchander Comrade, Naujawan Bharat Sabha and H.S.R.A, Anand Niketan New Delhi, (1986 P Xi)2.Home Political Department, file no-498/1930 Unpublished Document of NAI, (1930)3.Hari Singh, Master, Punjab peasant in freedom struggle, people publishing house, New Delhi 166 (1984)4.Newspaper, Tribune,12th January, (1930)5.Javeed Ajeet, left politics in Punjab 1935-47”Durga publication, Delhi, 94,95 (1988)6.Josh Bhagwan, Communist movement in Punjab1926-47,Anupama Publication, Delhi, 86,87 (1979)