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	<Journal> 

	<PublisherName>International Science Community Association</PublisherName>

	<JournalTitle>International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences</JournalTitle> 

	<Issn>2319 - 1414</Issn>

	<Volume>4</Volume>

	<Issue>12</Issue>

	<PubDate PubStatus="ppublish"> 

	<Year>2015</Year> 

	<Month>December</Month> 

	<Day>22</Day> 

	</PubDate>

	</Journal>



	<ArticleTitle>Open Space Management of Dhaka City, Bangladesh: A Case Study on Parks and Playgrounds</ArticleTitle> 


	<FirstPage>118</FirstPage>

	<LastPage>126</LastPage>



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		<FirstName>Opurum</FirstName>

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		<LastName>C.C</LastName>

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		<Affiliation>2 1Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B.1526 Owerri, Imo State, NIGERIA 2Department of Microbiology, Imo State University, Owerri, NIGERIA  </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Nweke</FirstName>

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		<LastName>C.E.</LastName>

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		<FirstName>Nwachukwu</FirstName>

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		<FirstName>HasanM.</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Hamouda</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning, University of Palestine, 1075, PALESTINE </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>S.</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Rashmi</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of studies in botany, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, Karnataka, INDIA Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia GA 30602, USA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Rajkumar</FirstName>

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		<LastName>H.G.</LastName>

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		<FirstName>GM</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Greeshma</LastName>

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		<Affiliation>Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University college, Trivandrum, 695 034, Kerala, INDIA </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Murugan</FirstName>

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		<FirstName>Pawar</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Kiran</LastName>

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		<Affiliation>Department of Environmental Sciences, Moolji Jaitha College, Jalgaon, MS, INDIA Department of Botany, Moolji  Jaitha College, Jalgaon. MS, INDIA </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Kaul</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Harshika</LastName>

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		<LastName>Sarika</LastName>

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		<FirstName>Rane.</FirstName>

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		<LastName>GauriM</LastName>

		<Suffix>4</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Chadetrik</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Rout</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Civil Engineering, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-133207, Ambala, Haryana, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Kumar</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>BhatiaUpain</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

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		<FirstName>Pradhan</FirstName>

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		<LastName>K</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Zoology, D.B. College, Turumunga, Keonjhar, Odisha, INDIA Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Patra</FirstName>

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		<FirstName>AganiC.</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Ignace</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>1 Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP: 4521 Cotonou, BENIN Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Environment, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP: 4521 Cotonou, BENIN Laboratory of Applied Hydrology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, 01 BP: 526 Cotonou, BENIN Beninese Center for Scientifics Research and Technologies (CBRST), 03 BP 1665 Cotonou, BENIN </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Suanon</FirstName>

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		<LastName>FidÃ¨le</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

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		<FirstName>Dimon</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Biaou</LastName>

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		<FirstName>Yovo</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Franck</LastName>

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		<FirstName>TometiaA.S.</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Lyde</LastName>

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		<FirstName>Daouda</FirstName>

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		<FirstName>CoffiEni</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Azandegbe</LastName>

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		<FirstName>J.</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Lalnunthari</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram, INDIA </Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>Thanga</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>H.H.</LastName>

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		<FirstName>M.B.</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Lynser</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Department of Environmental Studies, Shillong College, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793003, INDIA Department of Environmental Studies, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, INDIA</Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Tiwari</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>B.K.</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

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		<FirstName>AshviniKumar</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Joshi</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>2 Department of Zoology, M.L.V. Government College, Bhilwara, Rajasthan, INDIA Aquatic Toxicology and Wildlife Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Mohan Lal Sukhadia University, Udaipur Rajasthan, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Bhatnagar</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Chhaya</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

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		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Dally</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>AbdulrahmanAliAbed</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation> Osmania University, Department of Environmental Science, University of Anbar, IRAQ </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Baisoya</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>PundirManju</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

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		<FirstName>Singh</FirstName>

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		<LastName>Sanjeev</LastName>

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		<FirstName>Srivastava</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Kuldeep</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Information System and Services Division, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Mausam Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi- 110003, INDIA University School of Environment Management, GGS Indraprastha University, Block-A, Sector- 16 C, Dwarka, New Delhi-110078, INDIA </Affiliation>

		</Author>
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		<FirstName>Bhattacharya</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>Prodyut</LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

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		<FirstName></FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>M.Islam</LastName>

		<Suffix>1</Suffix>

		<Affiliation>Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, BANGLADESH 2Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka-1342, BANGLADESH  </Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>MahmudA.</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName></LastName>

		<Suffix>2</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>
		<Author> 

		<FirstName>Islam</FirstName>

		<MiddleName> </MiddleName>

		<LastName>S.M.D.</LastName>

		<Suffix>3</Suffix>

		<Affiliation></Affiliation>

		</Author>

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	<CollectiveName></CollectiveName>>

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	<PublicationType>Case Study</PublicationType>


	<History>  
	<PubDate PubStatus="received">
	<Year>2015</Year>
	<Month>11</Month>
	<Day>8</Day>
	</PubDate>
	<PubDate PubStatus="accepted">										
	<Year>2015</Year> 
	<Month>December</Month>									
	<Day>22</Day> 
	</PubDate>

	</History>
	<Abstract> Open Space is an exigent element for providing better living environment in urban life. It is also helpful for maintaining ecological balance. But the populations of Dhaka city divests of its proper facilities as a result of mismanagement of it. Hence this study aims to assess the management system of the open spaces i. e., parks and playgrounds. This research focuses on the existing open spaces management system, major weakness of the existing management and finally propose a better management approach which will be helpful in future management. The main findings in the management of open spaces were that management system varies according to ownership, spatial location and authority. Different authority manages open spaces but there is a lack of coordination among these authorities. Again proper management were not functional in the existing management system. Due to lack of proper management system, most of the open spaces face safety and security, environmental, design and aesthetic, managerial and institutional, facility and quality of facility related weakness. So, proper implementation of the proposed management approach becomes urgent requirement for maintaining the existing open spaces and also create a new dimension in the existing management system.  </Abstract>

	<CopyrightInformation>Copyright@ International Science Community Association</CopyrightInformation>

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