@Research Paper <#LINE#>First fossil discoglossinae (Anura) from the Siwaliks of the Indian Subcontinent<#LINE#>V.@Parmar,T.@Jigmet<#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-IRJES-2014-022.pdf<#LINE#> Post Graduate Department of Geology, University of Jammu, Jammu 180 006, INDIA<#LINE#>19/8/2014<#LINE#>4/9/2014<#LINE#>A fossil amphibian, Discoglossinae indet. is described from the Middle Miocene Lower Siwalik deposits exposed near Ramnagar town in Jammu and Kashmir. Discoglossinae indet. is reported for the first time not only from the Lower Siwalik deposits of Jammu but from the entire Siwalik Group of the Indian subcontinent. <#LINE#> @ @ Gupta S.S. and Shali A.K., Lithostratigraphic classification and structure of the Siwalik succession of Tikri-Udhampur-Ramnagar sector, Jammu province, Jammu and Kashmir, Rec. Geol. Surv. 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R., Middle Miocene rhizomyid rodent (Mammalia) from the Lower Siwalik Subgroup of Ramnagar, Udhampur District, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Neues Jahrbuch fr Geologie und Palontologie, Abhandlungen, , 371-384 (2006) @No $ @ @ Parmar V.,Palaeontostratigraphy of the Lower Siwalik Subgroup of Jammu province Jammu and Kashmir, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, University of Jammu, Jammu, India (2007) @No $ @ @ Sehgal R.K. and Patnaik R., New muroid rodent and Sivapithecus dental remains from the Lower Siwalik deposits of Ramnagar (J&K, India): Age implication, Quaternary International, 269, 69-73 (2012) @No $ @ @ Parmar V. and Prasad G.V.R., Fossil fish fauna from the Lower Siwalik beds of Jammu, J. Pal. Soc. Ind.,57(1), 43-52 (2012) @No $ @ @ Parmar V., Fossil molluscs from the Middle Miocene Lower Siwalik deposits of Jammu, India, International Research Journal of Earth Sciences,1(1)16-23 (2013) @No $ @ @ Sanchíz B., Salientia, In: Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology 4 (P. Wellnhofer, ed), Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany, 1-276 (1998) @No $ @ @ Roek Z.and RageJ.C., Tertiary Anura of Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, and Australia, In: Amphibian Biology, Palaeontology: The Evolutionary History of Amphibians 4 (H. Heatwole and R.L. Carroll, eds), Surrey Beatty and Sons, Sydney, 1332-1387 (2000) @No $ @ @ Roek Z.,Cranial anatomy of frogs of the family Pelobatidae Stannius, 1856, with outlines of their phylogeny and systematic, Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica, 1980, 1-164 (1981) @No $ @ @ Roek Z.,Macropelobates osborni Nobel, 1924 – redescription and reassignment, Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica, 1982, 421-438 (1984) @No $ @ @ Lynch J. D., Evolutionary relationships, osteology, and zoogeography of leptodactylid frogs, University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, Miscellaneous Publication, 53, 1-238 (1971) @No $ @ @ Špinar Z. 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E. and Trueb L, Biology of the Amphibians, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1-670 (1986) @No $ @ @ CllarkeB.T., Evolutionary relationships of the discoglossid frogs-Osteological evidence, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, City of London Polytechnic, London(1988) @No $ @ @ Roek Z.,Taxonomy and distribution of Tertiary discoglossids (Anura) of the genus Latonia v. Meyer, 1843, Geobios, 27(6), 717-751 (1994) @No $ @ @ Sanchíz B. and Roek Z., An overview of the anuran fossil record, In: The Biology of Xenopus (R.C. Tinsley and H.R. Kobel, eds), Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K., 318-328 (1996) @No $ @ @ Gao K. and Wang Y.,Mesozoic anurans from Liaoning Province, China, and phylogenetic relationships of archaeobatrachian anuran clades, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology21(3), 460-476 (2001) @No $ @ @ Ford L. S. and Cannatella D. C., The major clades of frogs, Herpetological Monograph, 94-117 (1993) @No $ @ @ Arnold E. N., Burton J. A. and Ovenden D. 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The geological setting of the area, Deccan basalt are invariably capped by laterite and in subordinate amount of bauxite. The Tertiary sediments are sandwiched between the laterite, while in some sections, they overly directly on the basaltic lava flow. The lignite, shale and carbonaceous shales of these deposits are very rich of leaf cuticles along with the pollens and spores. In present work emphasis has given to decipher environment of deposition of these sediments with the help of microfossils. Hence collect the lignite sample ourselves from well sections of Ratnagiri district. In present study three types of Leaf cuticles recovered from lignite samples as Nypa palm, Diospyros microphylla and Sonneratia type. Ecological distribution of the modern equivalents of these microfossils clearly indicates that these sediments may possibly have deposited in deltaic to estuarine environment. <#LINE#> @ @ Rajguru S.N. and Marathe A.R., Neotectonic Activity Around Ratnagiri, Western India Proceeding Symp, Quaternary Episodes Dept. of Geology M. S. Uni. Baroda, 1-6 (1984) @No $ @ @ Suryawanshi R.A., Sedimentological and Related Studies of the Sediments Exposed Along the Coast, Dist. Ratnagiri, Ph.D. Thesis submitted to Shivaji University Kolhapur (unpublished) (1995) @No $ @ @ Phadtare and Kulkarni, Palynological investigation of Ratnagiri lignite Maharashtra Geophytology, 10(2), 158-170 (1980) @No $ @ @ Dalvi N.S. and Kulkarni, Leaf Cuticles from Lignite Beds of Ratnagiri District Maharashtra, Geophytology,12(2), 223-232 (1982) @No $ @ @ Suryawanshi R.A.and Golekar R.B., Geochemistry of sub-surface Tertiary - Sediments of Ratnagiri District, Maharashtra, India, International Journal of Advances in Earth Sciences, 3(1), 1-12 (2014) @No $ @ @ Dilcher D.L., Epiphyllous Fungi From Eocene Deposits in Western Tennessee, U.S.A. Palaeonographica 116B 1-54 (1965) @No <#LINE#>The Dynamics of Changing Earth: An evolution from the beginning to the Present Scenario<#LINE#>Debasis D.@Mohanty,Hemant Kumar@Singh,Ajay Kumar@Singh,Gour@Dolui<#LINE#>10-14<#LINE#>3.ISCA-IRJES-2014-021.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Geology and Geophysics, IIT Kharagpur, INDIA @ Department of Geography and Environment Management, Vidyasagar University, INDIA<#LINE#>17/8/2014<#LINE#>2nd/9/2014<#LINE#>From the creation of our mother planet, Earth about 4.5 billion years ago, the planet has undergone a number of simple and complex processes to attain the present day scenario. Though it looks like a simple process and a suitable and stable place for life to live with, many more continuous and complex processes are taking place, making it a more active and dynamic planet in our Solar system. Since the beginning of the planet from a super collision effect, it has restlessly evolved in its internal and external characteristics through various active processes. Tracking the history, we can get a glimpse of its dynamical changes on the basis of many central hypotheses, which were observed, proved and analytically described. As many of them can be attributed towards its dynamic changes, the basic and major ones which really explain the processes are Continental Drift hypothesis, sea floor spreading, Paleomagnetism and Polar Wandering Path; and collectively above all others. Though these theories explain the same consequences and results, they have undergone different evidences and experiments to reach in the last consequences. 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