@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Effect of hydropriming and biopriming on seed germination of Brinjal and Tomato seed<#LINE#>Rinku V. @Patel,Krishna Y. @Pandya,R.T. @Jasrai,Nayana @Brahmbhatt <#LINE#>1-14<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAFS-2017-027.pdf<#LINE#>Sophisticated Instrumentation Centre for Applied Research and Testing, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat, India and Department of Biology, V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat, India@Sophisticated Instrumentation Centre for Applied Research and Testing, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat, India and Department of Biology, V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat, India@Department of Chemistry, R.K. Parikh Arts & Science College, Sardar Patel University, Petlad- 388450, Gujarat, India@Department of Biology, V.P. & R.P.T.P. Science College, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh vidyanagar-388120, Gujarat, India<#LINE#>30/4/2017<#LINE#>26/5/2017<#LINE#>In the life cycle of plant- seed germination and seedling growth are critical stages, especially under conflicting abiotic stress. Seed germination negatively affected by stress condition, the seed priming techniques have been used to improve germination in many field crops under stressed conditions. An experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of red seaweed extract of Gracilaria corticata J Ag., Kappaphycus alvarezii and  mixture of both as a biopriming agents, that  alters the responses of vegetables seeds germination under water stress. In hydropriming treatment seeds were treated with water, in biopriming treatment different dosages of red seaweed extracts were used and untreated seed used as a control. The present paper indicates the seed parameters such as germination percentage, germination index, mean germination time, seedling length, radical length, plumule length, seedling vigour index and seed stamina index are found to be positive effect by priming treatment and biopriming treatment was better than hydropriming treatment as compare to control.<#LINE#>Yadav Patade Vikas, Kumari Maya and Ahmed Zakwan (2011).@Seed priming mediated germination improvement and tolerance to subsequent exposure to cold and salt stress in capsicum.@Res. J. Seed. Sci., 4(3), 125-136.@Yes$Ansari O. and Sharif-Zadeh F. (2012).@Osmo and hydro priming improvement germination characteristics and enzyme activity of Mountain Rye (Secale montanum) seeds under drought stress.@J of Stress Phy & Bio., 8(4), 253-261.@Yes$Bradford K.J. (1986).@Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions.@Hortic Sci, 21, 1105-1112.@Yes$Khan A.A. (1992).@Preplant physiological seed conditioning.@Hortic Rev., 13(13), 131-181. DOI: 10.1002/9780470650509.ch4@Yes$Varier A., Vari A.K. and Dadlani M. (2010).@The subcellular basis of seed priming.@Cur Sci, 99(4), 450-456.@Yes$Basra S.M.A., Zia M.N., Mehmood T., Afzal L. and Khaliq A. (2002).@Comparison of different invigoration techniques in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seeds.@Paki J Arid Agri, 5, 11-16.@Yes$Farooq M., Basra S.M.A., Karim H.A. and Afzal I. (2004).@Optimization of seed hardening techniques for rice seed invigoration.@Emir. J. Agric. Sci., 16(2), 48-57.@Yes$Iqbal M. and Ashraf M. (2013).@Gibberellic acid mediated induction of salt tolerance in wheat plants: Growth, ionic partitioning, photosynthesis, yield and hormonal homeostasis.@Env and Exp Bot, 86, 76-85. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.06.002@Yes$Kaya M., Atak M., Khawar K.M., Ciftci C.Y. and Ozcan S. (2005).@Effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with zinc and foliar spray of humic acids on yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).@Int J Agr Biol, 7(6), 875-878.@Yes$Saglam S., Day S., Kaya G. and Gurbuz A. (2010).@Hydro priming increases germination of lentil (Lens culinaris medik) under water stress.@Not Sci Bio, 2(2), 103-106.@Yes$Souguir Maher, Hassiba Fraj and Cherif Hannachi (2013).@Effect of NaCl priming on seed germination of Tunisian fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) under salinity conditions.@J of Str Phy & Bioche, 9(2), 86- 96.@Yes$Ansari O., Choghazardi H.R., SharifZadeh F. and Nazarli H. (2012).@Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of treated seeds of mountain ray (Secale montanum) as affected by drought stress.@Cer. Agro in Mol., 2(150), 43-48.@Yes$Soltani A., Gholipoor M. and Zeinali E. (2006).@Seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of wheat as affected by drought and salinity.@Env and Exp Bot, 55(1), 195-200.@Yes$Ashraf M. and Foolad M.R. (2005).@Pre-sowing seed treatment a shotgun approach to improve germination plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non-saline conditions.@Adv. Agron., 88, 223-271.@Yes$Ghassemi-Golezani K., Sheikhzacleh–Mosaddegh P. and Valizadeh M. (2008).@Effects of hydropriming duration and limited irrigation on field performance of chickpea.@Res J of seed sci, 1(1), 34-40.@Yes$Sneideris Larissa C., Gavassi Marina A., Campos Marcelo L., D@Effects of hormonal priming on seed germination of pigeon pea under cadmium stress.@Ana da Acade Brasi de Ciên, 87(3), 1847-1852. (Ann of the Brazi Acade of Sci) www.scielo.br/aabc. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140332.@Yes$Ogbuehi H.C., Madukwe D.K. and Ashilonu P. (2013).@Assessment of hydro priming of seeds on performance of morphological indices of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterrenea Linn.) landrace.@Glo J of bio, agri and heaith Sci, 2(2), 17-22.@Yes$Helsel D.G., Helsel Z.R. and Minor H.C. (1986).@Field studies on osmoconditioning soybeans.@Field Crop Res., 14, 291-297.@Yes$Alvarado A.D. and Bradford K.J. (1988).@Priming and storage of tomato (Lycopersicon esculeutum) seeds. I. Effect of storage temperature on germination rate and viability.@Seed Sci. and Technol, 16, 601-612.@Yes$Evans T.A. and Pill W.G. (1989).@Emergence and seedling growth from osmotically primed or pregerminated seeds of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis).@J of Horti Sci., 64(3), 275-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1989.11515955.@Yes$Bradford K.J., Steiner J.J. and Trawatha S.E. (1990).@Seed priming influence on germination and emergence of pepper seed lots.@Crop Sci, 30(3), 718-721.@Yes$Khan H.A., Pervez M.A., Ayub C.M., Ziaf K., Bilal R.M, Shahid M.A. and Akhtar N. (2009).@Hormonal priming alleviates salt stress in hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.).@Soil Environ, 28(2), 130-135.@Yes$Mavi K., Ermis S. and Demir I. (2006).@The effect of priming on tomato rootstock seeds in relation to seedling growth.@Asi Pla Sci, 5(6), 940-947. DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2006.940.947@Yes$Jagosz Barbara (2015).@Improving onion seed germination using priming treatments.@Infra and eco of rur are., 4, 1437-1447. DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.14597/infraeco.2015.4.4.103.@Yes$Bhosle N.B., Untawale A.G. and Dhargalkar V.K. (1975).@Effect of seaweed extract on the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris.@Ind Mar Sci, 4, 208-210.@Yes$Carvalho R.F., Piotto F.A., Schmid D., Peters L.P., Monteiro C.C. and Azevedo R.A. (2011).@Seed priming with hormones does not alleviate induced oxidative stress in maize seedlings subjected to salt stress.@Sci Agr, 68(5), 598-602.@Yes$Bekendam Jan and Grob Regula (1979).@Hand book for seedling evaluation.@International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland.@Yes$Baalbaki R., Elias S., Marcos-Filho J. and McDonald M. (2009).@Seed Vigor Testing Handbook. Contribution No. 32.@handbook on Seed Testing.@Yes$Ellis R.H. and Roberts E.H. (1978).@Towards rational basis for testing seed quality.@Hebblethwaite, PD (Ed), Seed Production, Butterworths, London, 605-635.@Yes$Abdul-Baki A.A and Anderson J.D. (1973).@Vigour determination in soybean seeds by multiple criteria.@Crop Sci., 13(6), 630-633. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300060013x@Yes$Abdul-Baki A.A. and Anderson J.D. (1970).@Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley.@Crop Sci, 10, 31-34.@Yes$Furutani S.C., Zandstra B.H. and Price H.C. (1986).@The effects of osmotic solute composition and duration and temperature of priming on onion seed germination.@Seed Sci and Techn, 14(3), 545 551.@Yes$Bujalski W. and Nienow A.W. (1991).@Large-scale osmotic priming of onion seeds: a comparison of different strategies for oxygenation.@Scientia Horti, 46(1-2), 13 24.@Yes$Selvarani K. and Umarani R. (2011).@Evaluation of seed priming methods to improve seed vigour of onion (Allium cepa cv. aggregatum) and carrot (Daucus carota).@J of Agri Tech, 7(3), 857 867.@Yes$Soon K.J., Whan C.Z., Gu S.B., Kil A.C. and Lia C.J. (2000).@Effect of hydropriming to enhance the germination of gourd seeds.@J. Korean Soc. Hortic. Sci., 41(6), 559-564.@Yes$Farahbakhsh H. (2012).@Germination and seedling growth in un-primed and primed seeds of fenel as affected by reduced water potential induced by NaCl.@Int Res J App Basic Sci, 3(4), 737-744.@Yes$Ghoohestani A., Gheisary H., Zahedi S.M. and Dolatkhahi A. (2012).@Effect of seed priming of tomato with salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide on germination and plantlet growth in saline conditions.@Int J Agron Plant Product, 3, 700-704.@Yes$Nasiri Yousef, Feyzi Parisa and Javanmard Abdollah (2014).@Effects of Hydro and Hormonal Seed Priming on Seed Germination of Milk Thistle under Saline Stress Condition.@Not Sci Biol, 6(3), 374-380. DOI: 10.15835/nsb.6.3.9372@Yes$Tabrizian F. and Osareh A.M. (2007).@Improved seed emergence and yield related traits of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) by on-farm seed micronutrient treatment trials.@J Crop Sci, 9, 124-141.@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Solar powered smart irrigation system-an innovative concept<#LINE#>Alok @Gora,M.S. @Dulawat <#LINE#>15-19<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAFS-2017-024.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Agricultural Engineering, C.P. College of Agriculture, SDAU, SK Nagar, Gujarat, India@Dept. of Farm Machinery and Power, College of Agri. Engineering & Tech., Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat-362001, India<#LINE#>1/5/2017<#LINE#>22/5/2017<#LINE#>Irrigation is one of the important process in agricultural system.  Generally it is dependent on rain but after introduction of pressurized irrigation system the dependency of rain is decreased day by day. The pressurized irrigation system is controlled manually by the farmers. Manually operated system requires extra manpower for supervising therefore it decreases the field efficiency. Sometimes this irrigation leads to over irrigation than the actual plant requirement and under irrigation when plants required more water in their peak periods. Which result slow crop growth rate, late flowering and reduction of the yield are the major concern due to water deficiency. Moreover, excess irrigation in the root zones leads to ill health of the root zones and vegetation, additional cost for farmer, wastage of time and water. Also salinity of the land can be increased by unbroken stretch supply of more than enough water. On the other hand electricity supply is the major concern in remote areas. Farmers are not getting regular supply of electricity for agriculture operations. Hence this paper introduces a new approach for solar powered smart irrigation system (SIS) in agricultural management using soil moisture sensor. Based on the sensed data, system automatically decided about the necessary action for irrigation and also notifies the user. The system also focused on the use of solar energy utilization by the sensors during communication. The paper discussed the working mechanism and component details of system.<#LINE#>Central Statistics Office Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation Government of India New Delhi (2016).@Energy Statistic.@23, 39-52.@No$Chaitali R.F. and Pranjali K.A. (2014).@Design and Implementation of Real Time Irrigation System using a Wireless Sensor Network.@Proceedings of the International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies, 2(1), 401-404.@Yes$Lincy Luciana M., Ramya B. and Srimathi A. (2013).@Automatic Drip Irrigation Unit Using PIC Controller.@Proceedings of the International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology, 2(3), 108-114.@Yes$Awati J.S. and Patil V.S. (2012).@Automatic Irrigation Control by using wireless sensor networks.@Journal of Exclusive Management Science, 1(6), 1-7. ISSN 2277–5684.@Yes$Kumar A., Kamal K., Arshad M.O., Vadamala T. and Mathavan S. (2014).@Smart Irrigation using Low-Cost Moisture Sensors and XBee based Communication.@Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, San Jose, CA, USA, 10th -13th Oct. 2014, 333-337.@Yes
<#LINE#>Earthworms as the modulators of soil properties<#LINE#>Shefali@.,Jyoti @Yadav,R.K. @Gupta,Dharambir @Singh <#LINE#>20-23<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAFS-2017-026.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125004, India@Department of Zoology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125004, India@Department of Zoology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125004, India@Department of Zoology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar- 125004, India<#LINE#>30/4/2017<#LINE#>25/5/2017<#LINE#>The scientific literature dealing with the part of earthworms in modulating the soil properties including the gist of author’s study has been reviewed.  Earthworms are known to enhance the soil fertility by increasing the levels of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium that makes vermicompost suitable to use as fertilizer. Partly release of carbon as CO2 due to respiration and lowering of C/N ratio has been observed during vermicomposting. Earthworms increase the organic matter’s mineralization in soil by boosting the bacterial population and reducing soil erosion. This value additive property of earthworm makes them more capable of waste management too. Various types of agricultural and household wastes can be reduced to organic manure by the process of vermicomposting. Thus, the process of vermicomposting not only encourages the sustainable development but also helps in reducing the waste into value added organic fertilizer.<#LINE#>Parikh S.J. and James B.R. (2012).@Soil: The Foundation of Agriculture.@Nature Education Knowledge, 3(10), 2.@Yes$Piearce T.G., Oates K. and Carruthers W.J. (1990).@A fossil earthworm embryo (Oligochaeta) from beneath a late bronze agemidden at Potterna, Wiltshire, UK.@J. Zool. Land., 220(4), 537-542.@Yes$Yadav J., Gupta R.K. and Kumar D. (2017).@Chances in C: N of different substrates during vermicomposting.@Eco.Env. & Cons., 23(1), 368-372.@No$Chauhan Prasad Ramprabesh (2014).@A Review: Role of Earthworms in Soil Fertility and Factors Affecting their Population Dynamics.@J Recent Adv Agr., 2(7), 277-284.@Yes$Parthasarathi K., Ranganathan L.S., Anandi V. and Zeyer J. (2007).@Diversity of microflora in the gut and casts of tropical composting earthworms reared on different substrates.@J. Env. Biol., 28(1), 87-97.@Yes$Bouche M.B. (1977).@Strategies lombriciennes.@Soil organisms components of ecosystems. (Lohm, U., and Persson, T. eds.), Biol Bull., Stockholm, 25, 122-132.@Yes$Gajalakshmi S. and Abbasi S.A. (2004).@Earthworms and vermicomposting.@IJBT, 3, 486-494.@Yes$Singh Sandeep D., Yadav J. and Urmila (2017).@Assessment of nutrient status of vermicompost of leaf litter using Eisenia fetida.@JEZS, 5(2), 1135-1137.@No$Lavelle Patrick (1997).@Biology and ecology of earthworm. (3rd edn.), Chapman and Hall, London.@Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 64(1), 78-79.@Yes$Yadav J. and Gupta R.K. (2017).@Dynamics of nutrient profile during vermicomposting.@Eco.Env.& Cons., 23 (1), 516-521.@No$Desjardins T., Charpentier F., Pashanasi B., Pando-Bahuon A., Lavelle P. and Mariotti A. (2003).@Effects of earthworm inoculation on soil organic matter dynamics of a cultivated ultisol.@Pedobiologia, 47(5-6), 835-841.@Yes$Zhang X., Wang J., Xie H., Wang J. and Zech W. (2003).@Comparison of organic compounds in the particle-size fractions of earthworm casts and surrounding soil in humid Laos.@Appl Soil Ecol., 23(2), 147-153.@Yes$Chaudhuri P.S., Pal T.K., Nath S. and Dey S.K. (2012).@Effects of five earthworm species on some physico-chemical properties of soil.@J Environ Biol., 33(4), 713-716.@Yes$Patil B.B. (1993).@Soil and Organic Farming.@In Proc. of the Training Program on ‘Organic Agriculture’. Institute of natural and Organic Agriculture, Pune, India.@Yes$Vasanthy M., Seetha D.G., Karthiga A. and Susila S. (2012).@Bioconversion of fruit waste into vermicompost by employing Eudrilluseugeniaeand Eisenia fetida.@IJPAES, 2(4), 245-252.@Yes$Whalen J.K., Parmelee R.W., McCartnney D.A. and Vanarsdale L.J. (1999).@Movement of Nitrogen (N) from Decomposing Earthworm Tissue to Soil. Microbial and Nitrogen Pools.@Soil Biol and Biochem., 31(4), 487-492.@Yes$Christensen O. (1988).@The Direct effects of Earthworms on Nitrogen Turnover in Cultivated Soils.@Ecological Bulletins. Copenhagen, Denmark, 39, 41-44.@Yes$Lee K.E. (1985).@Earthworms, their Ecology and Relationships with Soil and Land Use.@Academic Press, Sydney, 411.@Yes$Nuutinen V., Pitkanen J., Kuusela E., Widbom T. and Lohilahti H. (1998).@Spatial variation of an earthworm community related to soil properties and yield in a grass-clover field.@Appl. Soil Ecol., 8(1), 85-94.@Yes$Haynes R.J., Fraser P.M., Tregutha R.J. and Piercy J.E. (1999).@Size and the activity of the microbial biomass and N, S and P availability in earthworm casts derived from arable and pastoral soil amended with plant residues.@6th International symposium on Earthworm Ecology., Vigo, Spain, Pedobiologia., 43(6), 568-573.@Yes$Lachnicht S.L. and Hendrix P.F. (2001).@Interaction of earthworm Diplocardiamississippiensis (Megascolecidae) with microbial and nutrient dynamics in subtropical Spodosol.@Soil Biol. Biochem., 33(10), 1411-1417.@Yes$Morgan M. and Burrows I. (1982).@Earthworms/ Microorganisms interactions.@Rothamsted Exp. Stn. Rep.@Yes$Julius A., Idowu A.B., Ademolu K.O. and Atayese A.O. (2014).@Microbial diversity and digestive enzyme activities in the gut of earthworms found in sawmill industries in Abeokuta, Nigeria Bamidele.@Int J. Trop. Biol., 62(3), 1241-1249.@Yes$Aira M.M., Olcinaa J., Losada M.P. and Domingueza J. (2016).@Characterization of the bacterial communities of casts from Eisenia andreifed with different substrates.@Appl Soil Ecol., 98, 103-111.@Yes$Fujii K., Ikeda K. and Yoshida S. (2012).@Isolation and characterization of aerobic microorganisms with cellulolytic activity in the gut of endogeic earthworms.@Int. Microbiol., 15(3), 121-130.@Yes$Krishnamoorthy R.V. and Vajranabhaiah S.N. (1986).@Biological activity of earthworm casts: An assessment of plant growth promoter levels in the casts.@Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)., 95(3), 341-351.@Yes$Ismail S.A. (2009).@The Earthworm Book.@Other India Press, Apusa, Goa, 101.@Yes