@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Maximizing Red Gram yield through Integrated Agronomic Management Practices under alkali soil<#LINE#>Venkata lakshmi@K.  <#LINE#>1-6<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAFS-2014-013.pdf<#LINE#>Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vridhachalam-606001, Tamil Nadu, INDIA<#LINE#>30/11/2013<#LINE#>20/1/2014<#LINE#>The experiment was conducted Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Thiruchirapalli on red gram with the objective of to study the effect of various management techniques on red gram yield under alkali soil. The treatments included in this experiment are Daincha as green manure incorporated at 45 DAS @6.25 t ha-1, 125 % Recommended dose of N, Daincha 125 % N, sub soiling at 45 cm depth. TNAU micro nutrient mixture @ 12.5 kg ha-1, 125 % N sub soiling TNAU micronutrient mixture and 125 % N Sub soiling TNAU micronutrient mixture Daincha were compared with control. The results of pooled analysis revealed that that 125 % Recommended dose of N Sub soiling TNAU micronutrient mixture @ 12.5 kg ha-1 Daincha recorded higher biometric characters, yield attributes (number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 , test weight) and yield (456 kg ha-1) with higher soil organic carbon content (0.24 per cent) and available N (282.5 kg ha-1). The B: C ratio (1.63) was also recorded higher under the same treatment.<#LINE#>Balasubramanian V., Jayakumar M. and Manickam T.S.@Energy Land, WUE and biosynthates production in rice based cropping system under partially reclaimed sodicsoils of North western zone of Tamil Nadu@MadrasAgricultural Journal, 99(10-12), 693-697 (2012)@Yes$Swarp A.@Chemistry of Sodic Soils and Management, In:Advances in Sodic Land Reclamation InternationalConference on Sustainable Management of Sodic Lands@Lucknow, 9–14, 27–52 (2004)@No$Nitant H.C. and Pratap Singh@Effects of deep tillage ondry land production of red gram (Cajanus cajan L.) incentral India@Soil and Tillage Research, 34(1), 17-26(1995)@No$Shinde V.S. and Saraf C.S.@Pattern of dry matteraccumulation and distribution in chickpeas influenced by Pand S@Indian Journal of Pulses Resesearch, 7, 76-79(1994)@Yes$Subba Rami Reddy, Sateesh Babu J, Chandra SekharReddy M., Mujeeb Khan Md and Murali Rao M.@Integrated nutrient management in pigeonpea (Cajanuscajana)@Indian Journal of Applied Biology andPharmceutical Technogy, 2(2), 467-470 ( 2011)@Yes$Raja Rajan and Sabarinathan R.@Effect of in situ MoistureConservation and Nutrient Management Practices on SoilProperties and Yield of Redgram in a Rainfed Alfisol@In:The 18th World Congress of Soil Science, July 9-15 (2006)@Yes$Zaka M.A., Obaid-ur-Rehman H.U., Rafa and A.A. Khan@Integrated Approach for Reclamation of Salt AffectedSoils@Journal of Agriculture and social sciences, 1(2), 94-97 (2005)@Yes$Azhar M., Iqbal M., Khan M.A. and Ashraf M.@Effects ofTillage Implements in Combination with GypsumApplications on the Reclamation of Saline-Sodic Soils@International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 3(3), 301–304 (2001)@Yes
@Review Paper
<#LINE#>Biosafety Concerns and Regulatory Framework for Transgenics<#LINE#>Singh @Mamta,Aglawe @Supriya,Devi E.@Lamalakshmi ,Kousar @Nagma,Behera @Chandana,Verma @S.K. <#LINE#>7-13<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAFS-2013-066.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar- 263145, INDIA @Institute of Biotechnology, ANGRAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500030, INDIA @Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar- 263145, INDIA @Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar- 263145, INDIA @Division of Genetics, IARI, New Delhi- 110012, INDIA @Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar- 263145, INDIA <#LINE#>3/10/2013<#LINE#>13/11/2013<#LINE#>The executive environmental release and cultivation of transgenic crop varieties have aroused tremendous safety concerns such as risk to human health, risk to environment, risk to ecology and socioeconomic concerns. Issue regarding human health, toxicity, allergenicity, development of antibiotic resistance, eating foreign DNA etc. are global debate. Development of antibiotic resistance and eating foreign DNA are merely apprehensions and has no scientific basis. Among the environmental biosafety issue, transgene escape from a transgenic crop variety to its nontransgenic counterpart or wild relatives has aroused tremendous debates worldwide. Public acceptance is one of the major hurdles for adaptation of first wave of products of agricultural biotechnology. The role of credible experts in communicating the issue to the public in a realistic and effective manner is mandatory to make the difference. Comprehensive regulatory mechanisms have been evolved for development of Genetically Modified Organisms and rDNA research work by the regulatory authorities.<#LINE#>Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council ofthe National Academies@Safety of Genetically EngineeredFoods: Approaches to Assessing Unintended HealthEffects@National Academies Press, (2004)@Yes$Robinson J.@Ethics and transgenic crops: a review@Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 2, 72-81 (1999)@Yes$Jones S.@The language of the genes. Flamingo@London,pp. 347 (1994)@Yes$De Vries H.@The law of separation of characters incrosses@Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society, 25,243-248 (1900)@Yes$Forster B.P., Lee M.A., Lundqvist U., Millam S., VamlingK. and Wilson T.M.A.@Genetic engineering of crop plants:from genome to gene@Experimental Agriculture, 33, 15-33(1997)@Yes$Mannion A. M. and Morse S.@GM crops 1996-2012: areview of Agronomic,Environmental and Socio-economicimpacts@University of Reading Geographical Paper No.195, (2013)@Yes$Benner S. A, and Sismour A. M.@Synthetic biology.Nature Reviews Genetics@6, 533-543, (2005)@Yes$Francis N.@The status of Regulations for geneticallymodified crops in countries of Sub-Saharan Africa@African agricultural technology foundation, 2-21, (2006)@Yes$Richmond C. L.@Genetically modified crops in thePhilippines: Can existing biosafety regulations adequatelyprotect the environment?@Pacific rim law & policyjournal, 15, 569-598, (2006)@Yes$Islam A. S. and Miah S. A.@Transgenic plants: Risks,Concerns and Effects on Ecosystem and Human Health@Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech, 16(2), 139-164, (2006)@Yes$Malik V. S.@Marker gene controversy in transgenic plants@Scientific Publishers, USA, pp. 65-90, (1999)@Yes$Skerritt J. H.@Genetically modified plants: developingcountries and the public acceptance debate@AgBiotechNet,2, ABN040 (2000)@Yes$Shrivastava U. P.@Transgenic plants: review on risks andbenefits in the environment of developing countries@Academic Voices, 1,(1), 84-93 (2011)@Yes$James C.@Global review of commercialized transgeniccrops: 2000@ISAAA Briefs,No. 2, (2001)@Yes$Chopra P. and Kamma A.@Genetically modified crops inIndia@The current status of GM crops in India. Webparaschopra.com/publications/gm.pdf, (2012)@No$Purrington C.B., and Bergelson J.@Assessing weediness oftrangenic crops: industry plays plant ecologist@TrendsEcol. Evol, 10, 340-342, (1995)@Yes$Pretty J.@Sustainable farming will put food on all ourtables@Guardian Weekly, pp. 26, (1999)@No$Hubbell B.J. and Welsh R.@Transgenic crops: engineeringa more sustainable agriculture?@Agriculture and HumanValues, 15, 43-56 (1998)@Yes$Levidow L. and Carr S.@How biotechnology regulationsets a risk/ethics boundary@Agriculture and HumanValues, 14, 29-43 (1997)@Yes$Rifkin J.@The biotech century, Victor Gollanz@London,pp.272 (1998)@No$Dixon B.@Genetic seeds of hope or despair. The case for@Guardian Weekly, p. 15, (1998)@Yes$Shiva V.@Genetic seeds of hope or despair. The caseagainst@Guardian Weekly. p. 15, (1998)@No$Heinemann J.@A typology of the effects of (trans) geneflow on the conservation and sustainable use of geneticresources@Background study paper No. 35, FAO, Rome, P.100, (2007)@Yes$Healy M. P.@Information Based Regulation andInternational Trade in Genetically Modified AgriculturalProducts: An Evaluation of the Cartagena Protocol onBiosafety@Wash. U. J.L. & Pol’y , 9(205), 210-12 (2002)@Yes$Scheffler J.A., Parkinson R. and Dale P.J.@Evaluating theeffectiveness of isolation distances for field plots ofoilseed rape (Brassica napus) using a herbicide-resistancetransgene as a selectable marker@Plant Breeding 114, 317–321 (1995)@Yes$ELLSTRAND@supra note 9@at 172@No$Gupta K., Karihaloo J.L. and Khetarpal R.K.@BiosafetyRegulations of Asia-Pacific Countries@Asia-PacificAssociation of Agricultural Research Institutions,Bangkok; Asia-Pacific Consortium on AgriculturalBiotechnology, New Delhi and Food and AgriculturalOrganization of the United Nations, Rome, P. 108 (2008)@Yes$National Research Council@supra note 34@at 49 (2006)@Yes$Soleri D., Cleveland D.A and Cuevas F. A.@Transgeniccrops and crop varietal diversity: the case of maize inMexico@Bioscience, 56, 503-513 (2006)@Yes$Healy@supra note 35@at 211-212 (2006)@No$ALTIERI@supra note 2@at 36 (2006)@No$Deni J., B. Message, M., Chioccioli, D. and Tepfer.@Unsuccessful search for DNA transfer from transgenicplants to bacteria in the intestine of the tobacco hornworm@Manduca sexta, Transgenic Research, 14, 207-215(2005)@Yes$Bergthorsson U., Adams K. L., B., Thomason and PalmerJ. D.@Widespread horizontal transfer of mitochondrialgenes in flowering plants@Nature, 424, 197-201 (2003)@Yes$Thomson J.A.,@Horizontal transfer of DNA from GM cropsto bacteria and to mammalian cells@Journal of FoodScience, 66, 188-193 (2001)@Yes$Celis C, Scurrah M., Cowgill S., Chumbiauca J., Green J.,Franco G., Main D., Kiezebrink R.G.F., Visser H.J.,Atkinson.@Environmental biosafety and transgenic potatoin a centre of diversity for this crop@Nature, 432, 222-225(2004)@Yes$Macdonald P.@Developing Workable RegulatoryFrameworks for the Environmental Release of TransgenicPlants@Collection of Biosafety Reviews, 6, 126-159 (2012)@Yes$McCord@supra note 14@(2006)@No$Gay P. and Gillespe S.@Antibiotic resistance markers inGM plants not a risk to human health@Published in LancetInfectiousdiseases - GM - plants Review (2005)@No$Hamilton N.@Legal Issues Shaping Society@Drake Journal of Agricultural Law, Spring, (2001)@Yes$Kruft D.@Impacts of Genetically-Modified Crops andSeeds on Farmers@The Agricultural Law Resource andReference Center, (2001)@Yes$Angharad M.R., Gatehouse., Ferry N. and Romaan J.M.R.@The case of the monarch butterfly: a verdict is returned@Trends in Genetics, 18 (5), 249-251(2002)@Yes$Lusser M., Parisi C., Plan D. and Rodriguez-Cerezo E.@New plant breeding techniques : State-of-the-art andprospects for commercial development@JRC Scientific andTechnical Reports. Luxembourg, European Union, 1-220(2011)@Yes$Schouten H.J., Krens F.A., Jacobsen E.@Cisgenic plantsare similar to traditionally bred plants: internationalregulations for genetically modified organisms should bealtered to exempt cisgenesis@EMBO Rep 7, 750-753(2006)@Yes$Evaristo de Jesus K. R., Lanna A. C.,Vieira F. D., Luiz deAbreu A. and Ubeda de Lima D.@A Proposed RiskAssessment Method for Genetically Modified Plants@Applied Biosafety, 11(3), 127-137 (2006)@Yes$Mayer S.@Let’s keep the genie in its bottle@New Scientis,p.51(1996)@Yes$Middendorf G. and. Busch L.@Inquiry for the public good:Democratic participation in agricultural research@Agriculture and Human Values, 14, 45-57(1997)@Yes$Hilbeck A., Baumgartner M., Fried P.M., and Bigler F.@Effect of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis corn-fed preyon mortality and development of immature Chrysoperlacarnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)@EnvironmentalEntomology, 27, 1-8 (1998)@Yes$Ruibal Mendieta N.L., Nagy A. M., Lints F.A.@Thepotential allergenicity of novel foods@Journal of theScience of Food and Agriculture, 75, 405-411(1997)@Yes$Nordlee J.A., Taylor S. L., Townsend J.A., Thomas L.A.and Bush R.K.@Identification of a Brazil-nut allergen intransgenic soybeans, New England Journal of Medicine@334, 688-692 (1996)@Yes$Prescott V.E., Campbell P.M., Moore A., Mattes J.,Rothenberg M.E., Foster P.S., Higgins T.J.V. andHoganS.P.@Transgenic expression of bean alpha-amylaseinhibitor in peas results in altered structure andimmunogenicity@Journal of Agricultural and FoodChemistry, 53, 9023-9030 (2005)@Yes$APCoAB@Workshop on Biosafety Regulations forTransgenic Crops and the Need for harmonizing them inthe Asia-Pacific Region – Highlights andRecommendations@Asia-Pacific Consortium onAgricultural Biotechnology, New Delhi and InternationalCrop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, AndhraPradesh, 16+viii (2006)@No$UNEP-GEF Biosafety Unit@A Comparative Analysis ofExperiences and Lessons from the UNEPGEF BiosafetyProjects@UNEP-GEF. 50, (2006)@Yes
<#LINE#>Role of Bio security in Plant Health Management<#LINE#>Sharma @Preeti,Gaur @Neeta <#LINE#>14-19<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAFS-2014-007.pdf<#LINE#>Deptt of Entomology, College of Agriculture, GBPUA and T Pantnagar- 263145, Uttarakhand, INDIA@Deptt of Entomology, College of Agriculture, GBPUA and T Pantnagar- 263145, Uttarakhand, INDIA<#LINE#>18/1/2014<#LINE#>28/1/2014<#LINE#>Bio-security is a set of precautions or an approach that encompasses the policy and regulatory frameworks to prevent the introduction and spread of harmful organism (insect pests, pathogen or invasive alien species). It analyse relevant risks to human, animal, plant life/health and to the environment. In general �Bio-security is the safeguarding of resources from biological threats.� Main focus of Bio-security program is to restrict the entry of any threat responsible for hazardous effect on environment by collaboration with Central government. Plant quarantine, national and international stalk holders play a key role in plant bio security program. Pest Risk Analysis, Survey and Surveillance are the different step to detect the pest incidence and also provide a direction for the further process of investigation and control. Bio-security advocates a strategic and integrated approach, to meet the consumer expectations in relation to the food safety, preventing and controlling relevant risk and zoonotic aspects of public health, safeguarding the resources and protecting environment and biodiversity.Agricultural Bio-security Authority of India regulates the import and export of plants, animals and related products, preventing the introduction of quarantine pests from other countries and implementing post-entry quarantine measures. Bio-security is an essential element in Plant health management by regulating different components require for plant growth and food production.<#LINE#>Hawkes C. and Ruel, M.@The links between agriculture andhealth: an intersectoral opportunity to improve the healthand livelihoods of the poor@Bulletin of the World HealthOrganization, 84(12), (2006)@Yes$Singh R B.@Towards a Food Secure India: making HungerHistory. In souvenir – Science-based Agriculturaltransformation towards Alleviation of Hunger and Povertyin SAARC countries@1-46, IFFCO Foundation, (2008)@Yes$Khetarpal R K. Gupta Kavita. Dev Usha and Joshi Nidhi.@“Plant Biosecurity in India- Status and Strategy”@Discussion meeting on Setting up a National Agenda forBiosecurity during November 23-24, by Ministry ofAgriculture, at NIAS, Bangalore (2006)@Yes$Rana R S. Dhillon B S. and Khetarpal R K.@“InvasiveAlien Species: The Indian Scene”@Indian Journal of PlantGenetic Resources, 16(3), 190-213 (2004)@Yes$Raghubanshi A S. Raj L C. Gaur J P. and Singh J S.@Invasive alien species and biodiversity in India@CurrentScience, 88, 539-540 (2005)@Yes$Khetarpal R K. and Gupta K.@Status of Plant Protection inIndia in the wake of International Agreements@IndianJournal of Plant Protection, 33, 153-163 (2005)@Yes$Rajak R.L., Radhey Shyam, Kumar U. and Chattargee G.@PRA- amilstone in plant quarantine functioning of India@Plant Protection Bulletin, 51, 1-2 (1999)@Yes$Bhalla Shashi. Kapur M L. Lal B. Verma R. and Singh C.@“Quarantine Risk Associated with Exchange of PlantGenera carrying Hidden Infestation”@Indian Journal ofPlant Genetic Resources, 15(2), 160-163, (2002)@Yes$Gupta Kavita and Khetarpal R.K.@Concept of RegulatedPests, their Risk Analysis and the Indian Scenario, AnnualReview of Plant Pathology@3, 409-441 (2004)@Yes$Ram asre and Diwakar M.C.@Role of pest surveillance inplant quarantine@Plant Protection Bulletin, 51, 32-34(1999)@No
<#LINE#>Analysis on the Causes of Deforestation and Forest Degradation in Liberia: Application of the DPSIR Framework<#LINE#>II@Goll ,B.@Nick ,Jianhua@Li ,Jr@McKay ,S. @John  <#LINE#>20-30<#LINE#>4.ISCA-RJAFS-2014-008.pdf<#LINE#>UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, CHINA@UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, CHINA@UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, CHINA@UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, CHINA@UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Study, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, CHINA<#LINE#>6/2/2014<#LINE#>18/2/2014<#LINE#>The world�s forests are of great importance in many aspects. They provide many functions and services that support livelihoods and ecosystem processes. However, deforestation and forest degradation (D&FD) have continued to be a major global environmental problems as vast areas of forest cover are lost on a daily basis. This paper reviews and analyzes the trends in forest cover and the causes of D&FD in Liberia from a period of 1990 to 2010.A thorough review of relevant and existing literatures about the study was done. Additionally, field observations were constantly carried out during the study in different forested areas in Liberia. Primary and secondary data from reputable international and national institutions were collected and analyzed. Furthermore, data and information on all the different elements in the Driver-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) analytical framework were also collected. Analysis was done using this framework, based on the identified causes of D&FD. It is evident from our results that Liberia is gradually experiencing loss of forest cover as a consequence of anthropogenic drivers of D&FD which include but not restricted to shifting cultivation, unsustainable logging practices, mining activities, population growth.<#LINE#>FAO@Global Forest Resources Assessment 2000 – mainreport@FAO Forestry Paper No. 140. Rome,FAO,http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/y1997e/y1997e06.htm@Yes$UNEP@Global Environment Outlook GEO5: Environmentfor the Future We Want,United Nations EnvironmentProgramme@Malta, (2012)@No$FAO@Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 – mainreport@FAO Forestry Paper No. 163, Rome,http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1757e/i1757e00.htm[Online accessed: June 21, 2013] (2010)@Yes$FAO@State of the World’s Forests2012@FAO, Rome,http://www.fao.org/docrep/016/i3010e/i3010e00.htm[Online accessed: July 21, 2013] (2012)@Yes$Madeira E.C.M.@Policies to Reduce Emissions fromDeforestation and Degradation (REDD) in DevelopingCountries@Resources for the Future (2008)@Yes$Cortez R. and Stephen P., (Eds.)@Introductory course onreducing emissions from deforestation and forestdegradation (REDD): a participant resource manual@TheNature Conservancy, Arlington, EE, UU, (2009)@Yes$FAO@State of the World’s Forests 2011@FAO, Rome.www.fao.org/docrep/013/i2000e/i2000e00.htm[Onlineaccessed: June 20, 2013](2011)@No$FDA@National Forestry Policy and ImplementationStrategy@Forestry Development Authority, Monrovia,Liberia, (2006)@No$USAID@Liberia Environmental Threats and OpportunitiesAssessment (ETOA) Final@United States Agency forInternational Development, Liberia, (2008)@Yes$EPA@Liberia’s National Biodiversity Strategy and ActionPlan@Environmental Protection Agency, Liberia,(2003)@No$Christie T., Steininger M.K., Juhn D. and Peal A.@Fragmentation and clearance of Liberia@Oryx, 41(04), 539-543(2007)@Yes$UNEP@Desk Study on the Environment in Liberia@UnitedNations Environmental Programme, Switzerland,(2004)@No$UNEP@Global Environment Outlook (GEO4):Environment for Development@United NationsEnvironment Programme, Progress Press, Valletta, (2007)@Yes$OECD@OECD core set of indicators for environmentalperformance reviews@Organization For Economic CoOperationAnd Development Environment MonographsNo. 83, OECD, Paris,(1993)@Yes$Kristensen P.@The DPSIR Framework. Paper presented atthe 27-29 September 2004 workshop on a comprehensive /detailed assessment of the vulnerability of water resourcesto environmental change in Africa using river basinapproach@UNEP Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya,(2004)@Yes$EEA@Environmental indicators: Typology andoverview@Technical report No 25, European EnvironmentalAgency, Copenhagen, http://reports.eea.eu.int/TEC25/en/tab_content_RLR [Accessed September 15,2013] (1999)@Yes$Tucker M.@Can solar cooking save the forest?@EcologicalEconomics 31(1),77-89 (1999)@Yes$UNDP@State of the Environment Report for Liberia 2006@UNDP,Liberia,(2006)@No$FDA@Chain Saw Milling Regulation@115-11, Republic ofLiberia,(2012)@No$Blackett H., Lebbie A. and Marfo E.@Chainsaw Logging inLiberia: an analysis of chainsaw logging (pit-sawing) in thenatural forests of Liberia towards a more sustainableproduction@Final Report, Forest Development Authority,Monrovia,(2009)@Yes$Geist H.J. and Lambin E.F.@What Drives TropicalDeforestation: A Meta-Analysis of Proximate andUnderlying Causes of Deforestation Based on SubnationalCase Study Evidence@LUCC Report Series, LUCCInternational Project Office, Louvain-la-Neuve (2001)@Yes$Folmer H. and Van Kooten G.@Deforestation. In B.Lomborg, (ed.)@Solutions for the world’s biggest problems:costs and benefits, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,UK,(2007)@Yes$Kamara J.S., Kamara E.S., Mosenene L. and Odoom F.K.@Chainsaw Milling and National Forest Policy in Liberia@InWit, Marieke and Jinke van Dam (Eds.). (2010). Chainsawmilling: supplier to local markets, Wageningen, TropenbosInternational, the Netherlands, 52,174-180http://www.etfrn.org/publications/chainsaw+milling:+supplier+to+local+markets [Accessed September 15, 2013](2010)@Yes$Lebbie A., Blackett H., Marfo E. and Odoom F., ChainsawLogging in Liberia: A Country Report. In Parker, J.,Aggrey, J., & Ansah, M.O. (Eds.). (2009)@“Developingalternatives for illegal chainsaw lumbering through multi- s@(2009)@No
<#LINE#>Meloidogyne graminicola (Golden and Birchfield): Threat to Rice Production<#LINE#>Upadhyay@Vinod ,Bhardwaj@Nitish Rattan ,P.K.@Neelam,P.K.@Sajeesh <#LINE#>31-36<#LINE#>5.ISCA-RJAFS-2014-009.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, INDIA@Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, INDIA@Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, INDIA@Dept. of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263 145, Uttarakhand, INDIA<#LINE#>19/2/2014<#LINE#>22/2/2014<#LINE#>Meloidogyne graminicola (Golden and Birchfield) causing rice root knot disease has emerged as a major pest recently throughout the world due to its broad host range and ability of causing potential yield loss. The losses caused by M. graminicola may vary from negligible to heavy depending on the severity of disease. Completion of life cycle of M. graminicola is highly temperature dependent and may vary from 15-51 days. The main symptoms of root knot disease of rice are yellowing, dwarfing and gall formation on the roots of rice plants. The degree of symptom manifestation differs with time of infection, age of the plants and load of inoculums. Tillage practices and abiotic factors such as nutrition, temperature, soil type, moisture, etc., may affects population of nematode. Indiscriminate use of chemicals for managing this disease results in the development of pathogen resistance and risk to the environment which has favored the introduction of various eco-friendly approaches of management such as, removal of host weeds, flooding of fields, summer ploughing, organic amendments, and use of effective biocontrol agents. Since each management approach has some advantage, an integrated approach can be a better option to overcome this disease.<#LINE#>Minton N.A.@Impact of conservation tillage on nematodepopulation@J. Nematol., 18, 135-140 (1986)@Yes$Soriano I.R.S., Prot J.C. and Matias D.M.@Expression oftolerance for Meloidogyne graminicola in rice cultivars asaffected by soil type and flooding@J. Nematol., 32, 309-317 (2000)@Yes$Bridge J., Luc M. and Plowright R.A., Nematode parasitesof rice, In Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J. (Eds)@Plant parasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropicalagriculture@Wallingford, UK, CAB International, 69-108(1990)@Yes$Gaur H.S., Khan E. and Sehgal M.@Occurrence of twospecies of root-knot nematodes infecting rice, wheat andmonocot weeds in Northern India@Ann. Pt. Protec. Sci.,1(2), 141-142 (1993)@Yes$Prasad J.S., Panwar M.S. and Rao Y.S.@Nematodeproblems of rice in India@Trop. Pest Manag., 33(2), 127-136 (1987)@Yes$Rao Y.S., Prasad J.S. and Panwar M.S.@Nematode pests ofrice in India, In Non-Insect Pests and Predators@All IndiaScientific Writers’ Society, New Delhi, 65-71 (1986)@Yes$Sharma R. and Prasad J.S.@First record of Meloidogynegraminicola on rice in Andhra Pradesh@Oryza, 32(1), 59(1995)@Yes$Prasad J.S. and Varaprasad K.S.@Ufra nematode,Ditylenchus angustus is seed borne@Crop Protec., 21(1),75-76 (2001)@Yes$Prasad J.S., Panwar M.S. and Rao Y.S.@Occurrence of theroot-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola in semideepwater rice@Cu. Sc., 54(8), 387-388 (1985)@No$Bridge J. and Page S.L.J.@The rice root knot nematode,Meloidogyne graminicola, on deep water rice (Oryzasativa sub. sp. indica)@Revue de Nematologie, 5, 225-232(1985)@Yes$Netscher C. and Erlan A@root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne graminicola@parasitic on rice in Indonesia,Afro-Asian J. Nematol., 3, 90–95, (1993)@Yes$Jairajpuri M.S. and Baqri Q.H.@Nematode pests of rice@New Delhi, India, IBH Publishing Co., 66 (1991)@Yes$Tandingan I.C., J.C. Prot, and R.G.@Davide Influence ofwater management on tolerance of rice cultivars forMeloidogyne graminicola@Fundam. Appl. Nematol., 19,189–192 (1996)@Yes$Padgham J. L., M.A. Mazid, J.M. Duxbury, G.S. Abawiand M. Hossain.@Yield loss caused by Meloidogynegraminicola on lowland rainfed rice in Bangladesh@J.Nematol., 36, 42-48 (2004)@Yes$Rao Y.S. and Biswas H.@Evaluation of field losses due toroot-knot nematode@Ind. J. Nematol., 3, 74 (1973)@Yes$Golden A.M. and Birchfield W.@Meloidogyne graminicola(Heteroderidae) a new species of root-knot nematode fromgrass@Proc. Helmintholog. Soc. Wash., 32, 228-231(1965)@Yes$Dabur K.R., Taya A.S. and Bajaj H.K.@Life cycle ofMeloidogyne graminicola on paddy and its host rangestudies@Ind. J. Nematol., 34, 80-84 (2004)@Yes$Anamika Simon, S., Singh, K.P., and Ghosh, G.@Distribution of root-knot nematode on major fieldcrops in Uttar Pradesh (India)@Arch. Phytopathology PlantProtect., 44 (2), 191-197 (2011)@Yes$Rao Y.S. and Israel P.@Life history and binomics ofMeloidogyne graminicola, the rice root knot nematode@Ind. Phytopath., 26(2), 333-340 (1973)@Yes$Khan A., Mian M.M. and Zahid M.I.@Post penetrationdevelopment of Meloidogyne graminicola in rice root@Thai. J. Agric. Sci., 28, 311-320 (1995)@Yes$Halbrendt J.@Root Knot Nematodes: An IPM CRSP pestprofile, In Update Integrated Pest Management,Collaborative Research Support Program@VirginiaPolytechnic Institute and State University, USA 3(2),(1997)@No$Singh K.P., Jaiswal R.K., Kumar N. and Kumar D.@Biomass of nematodes and associated roots: A determinantof symptom production in root knot disease of rice (Oryzasativa L.)@J. Phytopath., 154, 676-682 (2006)@Yes$Plowright R. and Bridge J.@Effect of Meloidogynegraminicola (Nematoda) on the establishment@growth andyield of rice cv. IR 36, Nematologica, 36, 81-89 (1990)@Yes$McClure M.A.@Meloidogyne incognita: a metabolic sink@J. Nematol., 9, 88-90 (1977)@Yes$Hussey R.S.@Host-parasite relationships and associatedphysiological changes@An Advanced Treatise onMeloidogyne Vol. 1 Biology and Control, North CarolinaState University Graphics, USA, 143-153 (1985)@Yes$Bird A.F.@Plant response to root knot nematodes@Annu.Rev. Phytopathol., 12, 69-85 (1974)@Yes$Oteifa, B.A.@Potassium nutrition of the host in relation toinfection by root knot nematode@Meloidogyne incognita,Proc. Helmintholog. Soc. Wash., 19, 99-104. (1952)@Yes$Kamalwanshi R.S. and Kumar S.@Occurrence of rootfeeder nematodes in rice at Kanpur@Ind. J. Nematol., 34,95-96 (2004)@Yes$Barker K.R. and Koenning S.R.@Developing sustainablesystems for nematode management@Annu. Rev.Phytopathol., 36, 165-205 (1998)@Yes$Dabur K.R.@Effect of zero-tillage on nematode populationin rice-wheat cropping system, National Congress onCentenary of Nematology in India: Appraisal and FuturePlans@December, 5-7, 2001, IARI, New Delhi, India, 27(2001)@Yes$Singh R., Malik R.K., Singh S., Yadav, A. and DuveillerE.@Influence of zero tillage in wheat on populationdynamics of soil fungi and diseases of rice-wheat system,Proceedings of International Workshop on HerbicideResistance Management and Zero Tillage in rice-wheatcropping system@March 4-6, 2002, Hisar, Haryana, India,177-181 (2002)@Yes$Chandel S.T., Gaur H.S. and Alam M.M.@Effect of tillageand water management on the population behaviour ofroot-knot nematodes Meloidogyne triticoryzae in rice crop@Arch. Phytopathology Plant Protect., 35(3), 195-200(2002)@Yes$Gaur H.S. and Singh A.K.@Effect of puddling practicesand nitrogen level on the root-knot nematode infectingwheat and rice@Ind. J. Nematol., 23, 4 (1993)@Yes$Pankaj Sharma H.K., Gaur H.S. and Singh A.K.@Effect ofzero tillage on the nematode fauna in a rice-wheatcropping system@Nematol. medit., 34, 175-178 (2006)@Yes$House G.H. and Parmelee R.W.@Comparison of Arthropodand Earthworm from conventional and no till agroecosystems@Soil Tillage Res., 5, 351-360 (1985)@Yes$Cabanillas E.H., Bradford J.M. and Smart J.R.@Effect ofsoil tillage, soil type, crop stand and crop sequence onreniform nematode after harvest@Nematropica, 29, 137-146 (1999)@No$Khan A.R. and Singh S.S.@Nematode management in riceproduction system through deep tillage@Int. J. Nematol.,18 (1), 83-85 (2008)@No$Singh S.S., Haidar M.G., Khan A.R., Sikka A.K., PrasadL.K., Gaunt J.L and Singh J.P.@Biodiversity andmanagement of nematodes associated with rice in EasternIndia@Int. J. Nematol., 15(2), 141-144 (2005)@Yes$Pokharel R.R.@Reaction of commonly grown rice andwheat varieties in Nepal to Meloidogyne graminicola@J.Nematol., 36, 342 (2004)@Yes$Rao Y.S. and Israel P.@Studies on nematodes of rice andrice soils, VI. Influence of soil temperature on theprevalence and incidence of Meloidogyne graminicola,the rice root-knot nematode@Oryza, 8(2), 47-51 (1971)@Yes$Rao Y.S. and Israel P.@Spatial distribution of larvae ofMeloidogyne graminicola, the rice root-knot nematode,Oryza@9(1), 87-91 (1972a)@No$Rao Y.S. and Israel P.@Influence of soil type on theactivity of the rice root-knot nematode@Meloidogynegraminicola Golden and Birchfield, Ind. J. Agr. Sci., 42(8),744-747 (1972b)@Yes$Soriano I. R., Schmit V., Brar D.S., Prot, J.C. andReversat, G.@Resistance to rice root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne graminicola identified in Oryzalongistaminata and O. glaberrima@Nematol., 1(4), 395-398 (1999).@Yes$Singh K.P., Gupta P.@Observations on Catenariaanguillulae parasitic on Heterodera sorghi@Adv. Biol.Res., 4, 240-250 (1986)@No$Barooti S.B., Daneshpajuk B. and Torbi M.@Twopredacious and parasitic fungi to nematodes in Iran@Iran.J. Plant. Pathol., 21, 13-16 (1985)@Yes$Gupta R.C., Singh R.K., Singh N.K., Singh K.P.@Naturalparasitism of nematodes by Catenaria anguillulae Sorokinin the rhizosphere of different fruit plants@Ind. J. Plant.Pathol., 21, 33-40 (2003)@Yes$Jaffee B.A., Phillips R., Muldoon A., Mangel M.@Densitydependenthost-pathogen dynamics in soil microcosms@Ecology, 73, 495-506 (1992)@Yes$Kerry B.R.@Biological control In Principles and practice ofnematode control in crops@R.H. Brown, B.R. Kerry (eds.)Academic Press, New York, USA, 233-263 (1987)@Yes$Oostendorp M., Dickson D.W. and Mitchell D.J.@Population development of Pasteuria penetrans onMeloidogyne arenaria@J. Nematol., 23, 58-62 (1991)@Yes$Linford M.B., Yap F. and Oliveira J.M.@Reduction of soilpopulations of root knot nematode during decompositionof organic matter@Soil. Sci., 45, 127-140 (1938)@Yes$Mcsorley R.@Host suitability of potential cover crops forroot-knot nematodes@J. Nematol., 31, 619-623 (1999)@Yes$Bridge J. and Page S.L.J.@The rice root knot nematode,Meloidogyne graminicola, on deep water rice (Oryzasativa sub. sp. indica)@Revue de Nematologie, 5, 225-232(1982)@Yes$Kinh D.N., Huong N.M. and Ut, N.V.@Root-knot diseaseof rice in the Mekong Delta@Vietnam, Int. Rice Res. New.,7, 15 (1982)@Yes$Bridge J., Luc M., Plowright R.A., Nematode parasites ofrice, In Luc, M., Sikora, R. A. and Bridge, J. (eds)@Plantparasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropical agriculture@Wallingford, UK, CAB International, 69-108 (1990)@Yes$Gaur H.S.@Integrated control of root-knot nematodes inupland irrigated rice@Nematology Group MeetingAssociation of Applied Biologists, 14 Dec. 1994, London(1994)@Yes$Garg R.N., Gaur H.S. and Singh H.@Effect of puddling andwater regimes on soil physical properties, plant parasiticnematodes and performance of rice crop@Ann. Pt. Protec.Sci., 3, 121-126 (1995)@Yes$Prot J.C., Matias D.M.@Effect of water regime on thedistribution of Meloidogyne graminicola and other rootparasiticnematodes in a rice field toposequence andPathogenicity of M. graminicola on rice cultivar UPL Ri 5@Nematologica, 11, 219-228 (1995)@Yes$Hossain, S.M.M., Mian, I.H., Islam, A.T.M.S., Haque,M.M.@Organic amendments of soil to control rice rootknot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola@J. Sci. Ind. Res.,34, 385-390 (1999)@Yes$Sitaramaiah K.@Mechanisms of reduction of plant parasiticnematodes in soils amended with organic materials@InProgress in Plant Nematology. (eds.) S.K. Saxena., M.W.Khan., A. Rashid., R.M. Khan., 12, 263-95. Delhi, India,CBS, 616 (1990)@Yes$Prot J.C., Soriano I.R., Matias D.M. and Savary S.@Use ofgreen manure crops in control of Hirschmaniellamucronata and H. oryzae in irrigated rice@J. Nematol., 24,127-132 (1992)@Yes$Kumar D. and Singh K.P.@Assessment of Predacity andeffect of Arthrobotrys dactyloidesfor biological control ofroot knot disease of tomato@J. Phytopath., 154, 1-5 (2006)@No