@Research Paper
<#LINE#>Comparative studies on the effectiveness of pesticides for aphid control in Cowpea<#LINE#>R@Radha  <#LINE#>1-7<#LINE#>1.ISCA-RJAFS-2013-036.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Zoology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, INDIA<#LINE#>10/6/2013<#LINE#>18/6/2013<#LINE#>Considering the importance of safe food globally and organic farming, the effectiveness of two biopesticides (Neem seed kernel extract and spinosad) with a synthetic pesticide (ch lorpyriphos)were evaluated against cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora and its predator the ladybird beetle, Micraspis discolor (F.). The cowpea plant was sprayed with different pesticides when the aphid population reached at economic threshold level. Among th e pesticides, Chlorpyriphos proved highly effective against aphids as compared to the rest of the pesticides. Furthermore, yield of cowpea was also higher in chlorpyriphos treatments. Thus, it is concluded that all the studied insecticides proved effect ive against the aphids but the toxicity studies of the insecticides was observed from maximum to minimum in the following order, C hlorpyriphos � Spinosad �Neem Seem Kernel Extract.<#LINE#>Ascher K R.S., Klein M & J. Meinser .@Azatidirachtin, a neemformulation, acts on nymphs of the western flower thirps@Phytoparasitica, 20, 305-306 (1992)@Yes$Ascher K.R.S.@Nonconventional insecticidal effects ofpesticides available from the Neem tree@Azadirachta indica.Arch. Insect Biochem, Physiol, 22, 433-449 (1993)@Yes$Banks C.J.@The behaviour of individual conccinellid larvae ofplants@Brit.J. Anim. Behav, 5, 12-24 (1957)@Yes$Barnby M.A. and Klocke J.A.@Effects of azadirachtin on thenutrition and development of the Tobacco Budworm@Heliothis virescens (Fabr) (Lepidotera: Noctuidae), J. InsectPhysiol, 33, 69-75 (1987)@Yes$Blaney W. M., Simmonds M.S.J., Ley S.V., Anderson J.C. andToogood P.L.@Antifeedant effects of azadirachtin andstructurally related compounds on lepidopterous larvae@Entomol. Exp. Appl, 55, 149-160 (1990)@Yes$Chapman R.F., Bernays E.A. and Simpson S.J.@Attraction andrepulsion of the aphid@Cavariella aegopodii, by plant odors, plantodors, J. Chem. Ecol, 7, 881-888 (1981)@Yes$Dadd R.H.@Feeding behaviour and nutrition in grasshoppersand Locusts@Adv. Insct. Physio, 1, 47-109 (1963)@Yes$Dixon A.F.G.@An experimental study of the searchingbehaviour of the predatory coccinellid beetle@Adaliadecempunctata (L.), J. Anim. Ecol, 28, 259-281 (1959)@Yes$Dixon A.F.G. and Wratten S.D.@Laboratory studied onaggregation, size and fecundity in the black bean aphid@Aphisfabae Scop, Bull. Ent. Res, 61, 97-111 (1971)@Yes$Dougnon T.V., Bankole H.S., Edorh A.P., Dougnon T.J.,Klotoe J.R., Loko F. and Boko M.@Cytotoxicity of Leaves andFruits of Solanum macrocarpon Linn (Solanaceae) againstshrimp larvae (Artemia salina Leach)@Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(5),6-9 (2013)@Yes$Khadgi N., Shrestha B.B. and Siwakoti M.@Resourceassessment and Habitat analysis of Daphne bholua in Bhujungof Annapurna Conservation Area@Central Nepal, Res. J.Agriculture & Forestry Sci., 1(4), 1-9 (2013)@Yes$Mondal Debashri and Mondal Tamal@A review on efficacy ofAzadirachta indica based biopesticides@An Indian perspective,Res. J.Recent Sci., 94-99 (2012)@Yes$Miller J.R. and Strickler K.L.@Finding, accepting host plants@Chemical Ecology of insects, (Eds.), Bell W.J. and Carde R.T.,127-157 (1984)@Yes$Pathak P.P. and Krishna S.S.@@Postembryonic development andreproduction in Crocyra cephalonica (station) (Lepidotera:Pyralidae) on exposure to Eucalyptus and Neem seed oilvolatiles, J. Chem. Ecol, 17, 2553-2558 (1991)@No$Schmutterer H.@Properties and potential of natural pesticidesfrom the neem tree@Azadirachta indica. Annu. Rev. Entomol,35, 271-297 (1990)@Yes$Sanya E.A., Ahouansou R.H., Bagan G., Vianou A.,Hounhouigan D.J.@Effect of some Pretreatments of AfricanLocust Bean Seeds (Parkia biglobosa) on Delivered Efficiencyof a Devised Dehuller@Res. J. Recent Sci., 2(6), 43-51 (2013)@Yes$Slanksy F. Jr. and Feeny P.P.@Stabilization of the rate ofnitrogen accumulation by larvae of the cabbage butterfly onwild and cultivated food plants@Ecol. Monogr, 47, 209-228(1977)@Yes$Stark J.D.@Comparison of the impact of a Neem seed kernelextract formulation@Margosan –O, and chlorpyrifos on nontargetinvertebrates inhabiting turf grass, Pesticide Sci, 36,293-299 (1992)@Yes$Todd G.W., Getabum A. and Cress D.C.@@Resistance barely tothe green bug, Schizaphis, graminum: Toxicity of phenolic andflavinoid compounds and related substances, Ann. Ent. Soc.Am, 64,718-722 (1971)@No$Tomer Neetu, Determination of Chlorinated Pesticide inVegetables@Cereals and Pulses by Gas Chromatography inEast National Capital Region@Delhi, India, Res. J. Agriculture& Forestry Sci., 1(1), 27-28 (2013)@Yes$Verkerk R.H.J. and Wright D.J.@Biological activity of Neemseed kernel extracts and synthetic azadirachtin against larvaeof Plutella xylostella L@Pesticide Sci, 37, 83-91 (1993)@Yes
<#LINE#>Evaluation of Fuel Wood Properties of Melia dubia at Different Age Gradation<#LINE#>Saravanan @V.,Parthiban @K.T.,Kumar @P.,Anbu @P.V.,Pandian P.@Ganesh  <#LINE#>8-11<#LINE#>2.ISCA-RJAFS-2013-037.pdf<#LINE#>Dept. of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam 641301, TN, INDIA@Dept. of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam 641301, TN, INDIA@Dept. of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam 641301, TN, INDIA@Dept. of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam 641301, TN, INDIA@Dept. of Tree Breeding, Forest College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Mettupalayam 641301, TN, INDIA<#LINE#>10/6/2013<#LINE#>21/6/2013<#LINE#>Study was carried out at Forest College and Research Institute, Mettupalayam, Tamil Nadu, India using different age gradation viz., one , two, three, four and five year of Melia dubia wood samples collected from the plantations raised at Kollegal, Samraj Nagar District, Karnataka to evaluate the fuel wood properties . Among the differ ent age gradation of Melia dubia 5 - year age old wood recorded high calorific value (3820.00 Kcal Kg - 1 ) and high Fuel wood Value Index (4125.60). The proximate analysis of 5 - year age old Melia dubia recorded lowest value for moisture content (8.00 %); volat ile matter (66.50 %) and ash content (0.50 %) and highest fixed carbon content (25.00 %). In a holistic perspective, the study identified that the 5 - year age - old Melia dubia wood exhibited superiority in all energy properties that lend support to its amen ability for energy utility.<#LINE#>Shanavas A. and Mohankumar B.@Fuelwood characteristicsof tree species in home gardens of Kerala@India,Agroforestry Systems, 58, 11-24 (2003)@Yes$Deka D., Saikia P. and Konwer D.@Ranking of fuelwoodspecies by fuel value index, Energy Sources@29, 1499-506(2007)@Yes$Osei W.Y.@@Woodfuel and deforestation-answers for asuitable environment, Journal of EnvironmentalManagement, 37, 51–62 (1993)@No$Bhattacharya B. and Nanda S.K.@Building fuelwooddemand supply scenario, Journal of Rural Development@11(6), 773–787 (1992)@Yes$Kumar N.J.I., Patel K., Rita N.K. and Rohit K.B.@Anevaluation of fuelwood properties of some aravallymountain tree and shrub species of western India@Biomassand Bioenergy, 35, 411-414 (2011)@Yes$Heltberg R., Arndt T.C. and Sekhar N.U.@FuelwoodConsumption and Forest Degradation: A Household Modelfor Domestic Energy Substitution in Rural India@LandEconomics, 76(2), 213-232 (2000)@Yes$Luna R.K.@Plantation Forestry in India@International BookDistributors, Dehra Dun, India, 320-338 (2006)@Yes$Kumaravelu G.@@The Hindu science and technology –agriculture” Co-4 grass, Melia dubia, can generatesubstantial power for Tamil Nadu, 134, (2012)@No$Haygreen G.J. and Bowger J.L.@@Forest products and woodscience – An introduction, IOWA State University Press,Ames, U.S.A (1982)@No$Bhatt B.P. and Badoni A.K.@Fuelwood characteristics ofsome mountain fuelwood shrubs and trees@Energy, 15,1069-70 (1990)11. ASTM (American society for testing and materialsstandards), Standard E711-87 (2004)@Yes$@@TAPPI test methods, Atlanta (USA): Technical Associationfor Paper and Pulp Industries (TAPPI) Publications (1992)@No$Bhatt B.P. and Todaria N.P.@Fuelwood characteristics ofsome Indian mountain tree species@Forest Ecology andManagement, 47, 363-366 (1992)@Yes$Kumar M., Patel S.K. and Mishra S.@Studies onCharacteristics of Some Shrubaceous Non-woody BiomassSpecies and Their Electricity Generation Potentials@EnergySources, 32, 786–795 (2010)@Yes$Purohit A.N. and Nautiyal A.R.@Fuelwood value index ofIndian mountain tree species@The International Tree CropsJournal, 4, 177-82 (1987)@Yes$Murphy W.K. and Cutter B.E.@Gross heat of combustion offive hardwood species of different moisture content@ForestProducts Journal, 24, 44-45 (1974)@Yes$Sekhar A.C.@@Physical properties of Indian timbers, In:Hand book of Indian woods and wood panels: Solid woods[Ranganathan V., B.K. Bakshi, A. Purshotham, A.Krishnamoorthy and A.C. Sekkar (Eds.)], OxfordUniversity Press, Delhi, India, 70-83 (1988)@No$Goel V.L. and Behl H.M.@Fuelwood quality of promisingspecies for alkaline soil sites in relation to tree age@Biomassand Bioenergy, 10(1), 57-61 (1996)@Yes$Bhatt B.P. and Tomar J.M.S.@Firewood properties of someIndian mountain tree and shrub species@Biomass andBioenergy, 23, 257-260 (2002)@Yes$Jain R.K.@Fuelwood characteristics of medium tree andshrub species of India@Bioresource Technology, 47, 81-84(1994)@Yes$Bhagwanrao S.V.@@Development and optimization of cropresidue based briquettes exclusively for gasification,M.Tech. Thesis in Bio-energy, Agricultural Engineering,Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (2010)@No
<#LINE#>Dimensional Relations and Physical Properties of Wood of Acacia saligna, an invasive tree species growing in Botswana<#LINE#>Ronnie M.@Mmolotsi,Orapeleng @Chisupo,Witness @Mojeremane,Melusi @Rampart,Ishmael @Kopong ,David @Monekwe <#LINE#>12-15<#LINE#>3.ISCA-RJAFS-2013-041.pdf<#LINE#>Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA@Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA@Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA@Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA@Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA@Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana College of Agriculture, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, BOTSWANA<#LINE#>21/6/2013<#LINE#>30/6/2013<#LINE#>A study was carried out to eva luate wood physical properties of Acacia saligna, an invasive alien species that has naturalized in Botswana. Wood samples were collected from three different trees at three different heights to study the properties. The trees showed relative change in dia meter, density, moisture content and bark thickness. This study revealed that there was a significant change in diameter, bark thickness, proportion of the heartwood and no significant differences i n wood basic density at different heights. The density of wood was average at 637 kg m - 3 . Moisture content was highest in samples collected from the top end of the stem with no significant differences between the base and the mid - height. The average moisture content of wood was 45.1%. The results showed a strong relationship between tree diameter (r 2 = 0.9964) and bark thickness (r 2 = 0.9974) at three different heights in the tree stem.<#LINE#>Midgley S.J. and Turnball J.W.@Domestication and use ofAustralian acacias: a case of five important species@Aust.Syst. Bot., 16(1), 89–102 (2003)@Yes$Van Wyk V.B. and van Wyk P.@Field Guide to Trees ofSouthren Africa@Struik publishers (2005)@Yes$Michelides E.D., Mini-monograph of Acacia cynophylla@Technical Consultation on Fast Growing PlantationBroadleaved Trees For Mediterranean and TemperateZones@Lisbon, Portugal, FAO, Rome, 16-20 (2001)@Yes$Le Maitre, van Wilgen B.W., Gelderblom C.M., Bailey C.,Chapman R.A. and Nel J.A.@@Invasive allien trees and water South Africa: case studies of cost and benefit management,For. Ecol. Manage, 160, 143–159 (2002)@No$Tamira B. and Asefa G.@Effects of different forms ofAcacia saligna leaves inclusion on feed intake@digestibilityand body weight gain in lambs fed grass hay basal diet,Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 153, 39–47 (2009)@Yes$Salem A.Z.M., Gohar Y.M., El-Adawy M.M. and SalemM.Z.M.@Growth-inhibitory effect of some antinutritionalfactors extracted from Acacia saligna leaves on intestinalbacteria activity in sheep@In: Proceedings of the 12thScientific Conference of the Egyptian Society of AnimalProduction (ESAP), Mansoura, Egypt, 283–300 (2004)@Yes$Desch H.E. and Dinwoodie J.M., Timber, structure,properties, conversion and use, 7th edition, Macmillanpress@@Hong Kong (1996)@No$Beadle C., Barry K., Hardiyanto E. Erianto R.J, JunartoMahommed C and Rimbawanto A.@Effect of PrunningAcacia magnium on growth@form and heart rot, For. Ecol.Manage 238, 261–267 (2007)@Yes$@@www.worldwidewattle.com/infogallery/projects/saligna.php. Acacia saligna (Coojong) (2013)@No$Kokutse A.D., Bailleres H., Stokes A. and Kokou K.@Proportion and quality of heartwood of Togolese teak(Tectona grandis LF)@For. Ecol. Manage, 189, 37–48(2004)@Yes$Allen P.J.@Stem profile and form factor comparisons forPinu s elliottii@P.caribaea antheir F1 hybrid, Aust. J. For.,56, 140-144 (1993)@Yes$Laasasenaho J., Melkas T. and Alden S.@Modelling barkthickness of Picea abies with taper curves@For. Ecol. Man.,206, 35–47 (2005)@Yes$Sonmez T., Keles T. and Tilki F., Effect of aspect@tree ageand tree diameter on bark thickness of Picea orientalis@Scand. J. Fort Res., 22, 193-197 (2007)@Yes$Shekholeslami A., Kazemnezhad F. and Akhshabi S.@Barkmeasurements of Beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) inTosakoti - Hyrcanian Forest@Int. J. For. Soil and Erosion,1(1), 1– 4 (2011)@Yes$Searle S.D. and Owen J.V.@Variation in basic wood densityand percentage heartwood in temperate Australian Acaciaspecies@Aust. For., 68(2), 126–136 (2005)@Yes$Chowdhury K., Iftekhar S. and Mahbubul A.@Effects of ageand height variation on physical properties of mangium(Acacia mangium Willd) wood@Department of Forestry,Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh (2006)@Yes