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Index Model Analysis Approach to Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment in Sediments of Nworie and Otamiri Rivers in Imo State of Nigeria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of pure and industrial chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, NIGERIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 2, Issue (8), Pages 1-8, August,18 (2012)

Abstract

The distribution, controlling geochemical factors and contamination status of heavy metals in sediments of Otamiri and Nworie rivers in Owerri, Imo State Nigeria, were investigated. Two groups of bed sediments samples were collected from five sample stations during February 2008 and June 2008. The sample were analyzed to determine their heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, Fe and Cr), and the results showed that the heavy metal concentrations were slightly higher in February than those sampled in June. The results also showed that metal content directly correlate to flow condition of the rivers as station 2 recorded higher values than others.. Environmental assessment of sediments pollution by heavy metal was carried out using geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI), and enrichment factors (EF). EF not only show the class of pollution status of the river bed sediments but could be an exact indicator (i.e. showing the percentage contribution) from the sources (lithogenic or anthropogenic) of the contaminant and is very simple to use. Based on these indicators for predicting the level of heavy metal of Otamiri/Nworie river sediments, the ENRICHMENT FACTOR (EFmodel was chosen as the best over other models.

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