International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Application of Super-molecules in Solar Energy Conversion- A Review

Author Affiliations

  • 1R&D Centre, Gujarat Narmada Valley Fertilizer Company Ltd. (GNFC), Narmadanagar - 392 015, Bharuch, Gujarat, INDIA
  • 2Chemistry Department, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad - 380 009, Gujarat, INDIA

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 2, Issue (1), Pages 89-102, January,18 (2012)

Abstract

As molecules are made up by atoms, super-molecules are made up by suitably arranged molecular components. The review concentrates on the recent progress in studies of modified super-molecules and their applications towards solar energy conversation are described. The comprehensive review contains 61 references.

References

  1. Lehn J.M., Supramolecular chemistry-scope and perspectives molecules, supermolecules, and molecular devices (Nobel Lecture), Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.,27, 89-112 (1988)
  2. Cram D.J., The design of molecular hosts, guests, and their complexes (Nobel Lecture), Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.,27, 1009-1020 (1988)
  3. Pedersen C.J., The discovery of crown ethers (NobleLecture), Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.,27, 1021-1027 (1988)
  4. Steed J.W. and Atwood J.L., Supramolecular Chemistry, John Wiley, New York, 169, (2000)
  5. Engeldinger E., Armspach D. and Matt D., Capped cyclodextrins, Chem. Rev.,103, 4147-4174 (2003)
  6. Citterio D., Omagari M., Kawada T., Sasaki S. I., Suzuki Y. and Suzuki K., Chromogenic betaine lariates for highly selective calcium ion sensing in aqueous environment, Anal. Chimi. Acta,504, 227-234 (2004)
  7. Atwood J.L. and Steed J.W., Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry, Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York (2004)
  8. Vicens J. and Bohmer V., (Eds.), Calixarenes, a Versatile Class of Macrocyclic Compounds, Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht(1991)
  9. Iha N.Y.M., Supramolecular photochemistry and solar cells, An. Acad. Bras. Ci., 72, 67-73 (2000)
  10. Shaheen S.E., D Ginley. S. and Jabbour G.E., Organic based photovoltaics: toward low-cost power generation, MRS Bull. 30, 10-19 (2005)
  11. Forrest S.R., The limits to organic photovoltaic cell efficiency, MRS Bull. 30, 28-32 (2005)
  12. Janssen R.A., Hummelen J.C. and Sariciftci N.S., Polymer-fullerene bulk hetero-junction solar cells, MRS Bull. 30, 33-36 (2005)
  13. Reyes-Reyes M., Kim K., Dewald J., Lo pez-Sandoval R., Avadhanula A., Curran S. and Carroll D. L., Meso-structure formation for enhanced organic photovoltaic cells, Org. Lett., 7 (26), 5749-5752 (2005)
  14. Pandey S.S., Takashima W., Nagamatsu S., Endo T., Rikukawa M. and Kaneto K., Regioregularity vs regiorandomness: effect on photo carrier transport in poly (3-hexylthiophene), Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 39, L94-L97 (2000)
  15. Padinger F., Rittberger R.S. and Sariciftci N.S., Treatments on plastic solar cells, AdV. Funct. Mater., 13, 85-88 (2003)
  16. Schilinsky P., Waldauf C. and Brabec C., Recombination and loss analysis in polythiophene based bulk heterojunction photodetectors, J.Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 3885-3888 (2002)
  17. Chirvase D., Parisi J., Hummelen J. C. and Dyakonov V.V., Influence of nanomorphology on the photovoltaic action of polymer–fullerene composites, Nanotechnology, 15, 1317-1323 (2004)
  18. Reyes-Reyes M., Kim K. and Carroll D. L., High-efficiency photovoltaic devices based on annealed poly(3-hexylthiophene) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1- phenyl-(6,6)C61 blends, App. Phys. Lett. 87, 083506-083509 (2005)
  19. Pelizzetti E. and Schiavello M., Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, Kluwer, Dordrecht, (1997)
  20. (a) Imahori H., Sakata Y., Donor-Linked Fullerenes:Photoinduced electron transfer and its potential application, Adv. Mater., 9 (7), 537-546 (1997); (b) Martin N., Sanchez L., Illescas B. and Perez I., C60based electroactive organofullerenes, Chem. Rev., 98, 2527-2548 (1998)
  21. (a) Xu C. M., Xi B., Li L. Y., Wang C., Wang S., Shi Z. Q., Fang J. H., Xiao S. X. and Zhu D. B., The self-assembly of [60]fullerene-substituted 2,2-bipyridine on the surface of Au(111) and Au nanoparticles, New J. Chem., 25, 1191-1194 (2001); (b) Saticiftci N.S., Optical and electronic properties of fullerenes and fullerene-based materials / Ed. J. Shinar, Z.V. Vardeny, Z.H. Kafafi. Marcel Dekker, Inc., N.Y., 367 (2000)
  22. Decher G., Fuzzy Nanoassemblies: Toward Layered Polymeric Multicomposites, Science, 277, 1232-1237 (1997)
  23. Guldi D.M., Zilbermann I., Anderson G., Kotov N. A., Tagmatarchise N. and Prato M., Nanosized inorganic/organic composites for solar energy conversion, J. Mater. Chem., 15, 114-118 (2005)
  24. Nogueira A.F., Fernando L., Furtado O., Formiga A. L., Nakamura M., Araki K. and Toma H. E., Sensitization of TiO2 by supramolecules containing Zinc porphyrins and ruthenium-polypyridyl complexes, Inorganic Chemistry, 43, 396-398 (2004)
  25. Bignozzi C.A., Argazzi R., Indelli M.T. and Scandola F., Design of supramolecular systems for spectral sensitization of semiconductors, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells32, 229-244 (1994)
  26. Gunter M.J. and Turner P., Metallophorphyrins as models for the cytocromes 450, Coord. Chem. Rev., 108, 115-161 (1991)
  27. Shi C. and Anson F. C., Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of Monomeric Strontium and Barium Triphenylsiloxide Compounds: Molecular Structure and Reactivity of M(OSiPh(15-crown-5)THF, M = Sr (1) and Ba (2), Inorg. Chem., 35, 7928-7931, (1996)
  28. Gust D., Moore T.A. and Moore A.L., Mimicking bacterial Photosynthesis, Pure Appl. Chem., 70, 2189-2200 (1998)
  29. Lehn J.M., Supramolecular Chemistry, VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 271 (1995)
  30. Balzani V., Credi A. and Venturi M., Photochemistry and photophysics of coordination compounds: An extended view, Coord Chem Rev., 1713-16 (1998)
  31. Schanze K.S. and Schmehl R.H., Applications of Inorganic Photochemistry in the Chemical and Biological Sciences - Contemporary Developments, J Chem Educ, 74, 633-634 (1997)
  32. Connolly J.S., Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, Academic Press, New York 444 (1981)
  33. Brown Jr G.E., Henrich V.E., Casey W.H., Clark D.L., Eggleston C., Felmy A., Goodman D.W., Grätzel M., Maciel G., McCarthy M. I., Nealson K.H., Sverjensky D.A., Toney M.F. and Zachara J.M., Metal oxide surfaces and their interactions with aqueous solutions and microbial organisms, Chem Rev.,99 (1), 77-174 (1999)
  34. Reagan B.O. and Grätzel M., A low cost, high efficiency, solar cell based on dye sensitized colloidal TiO films, Nature, 353, 737-740 (1991)
  35. Omberg K.M., Smith G.D., Kavaliunas D.A., Chen P.Y., Treadway J.A., Schoonover J.R., Palmer R.A. and Meyer T., J.Inorg Chem.,39, 951-956 (1999)
  36. Hiroshi M., Nobuaki I., Rodion V.B., Amir A.F. and Yoshiyuki K., Theoretical study of phthalocyanine–fullerene complex for a high efficiency photovoltaic device using ab initio electronic structure calculation, Synthetic Metals, 138 (1-2), 281-283 (2003)
  37. Wenzl F.P, Suess C., Pachler P., Haase A., List E.J.W., Poelt P., Somitsch D., Knoll P., Scherf U. and Leising G., Leising Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors as active layers in light-emitting electrochemical cells: vibrational spectroscopic, microscopic and electronic characterization, Solid State Ionics, 169(1-4), 161-166 (2004)
  38. (a) Changchun W., Zhi-Xin G., Shoukuan F., Wei W. and Daoben Z., Polymers containing fullerene or carbon nanotube structures, Progress in Polymer Science, 29 (11), 1079-1141 (2004)(b) Toshifumi K, Atsushi I. and Seiji S, Supramolecular design of photocurrent-generating devices using fullerenes aimed at modelling artificial photosynthesis, Tetrahedron, 61(21), 4881-4899 (2005)
  39. Jeong-hoon L., Chang S., Ju-kwang P. and Ji Ho Y., Fullerene/poly(methylphenylsilane) (PMPS) organic photovoltaic cells, Synthetic Metals, 145 (1), 11-14 (2004)
  40. Hasobe T., Kashiwagi Y., Absalom M. A., Sly J., Hosomizu K. and Crossley M. J., Supramolecular Photovoltaic Cells Using Porphyrin Dendrimers and Fullerene, Advanced Materials, 16(12), 975-979 (2004)
  41. Chengwu S., Songyuan D., Kongjia W., Xu P., Longyue Z., Linhua H., Fangtai K. and Li G., Influence of various cations on redox behavior of and I and comparison between KI complex with 18-crown -6 and 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide in dye-sensitized solar cells, Electrochimica Acta, 50(13), 2597-2602 (2005)
  42. Jean-François N., Uwe H., Teresa M.F.D., François C., Nathalie S., Mathieu E.W., Alain V.D., Haiko H., Emmanuelle L., Anne-Marie A-G., Ali T. and Mourad E., Ammonium–crown ether interactions for the construction of fullerene-containing photoactive supramolecular devices. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 9(7-8), 1022-1030 (2006)
  43. Chih-Hao H., Nathan D.M., Alexander K., Georges B. and Dario M.B., Hierarchical self-assembly of all-organic photovoltaic devices, Tetrahedron, 62(9), 2050-2059 (2006)
  44. Tomokazu U. and Hiroshi Imahori, Self-Organization of Porphyrins and Fullerenes for Molecular Photoelectrochemical Devices, Photosynthesis Research, 87(1), 63-71 (2006)
  45. Sgobba V., Giancane G., Conoci S., Casilli S., Ricciardi G., Guldi D.M., Prato M. and Valli L., Growth and characterization of films containing fullerenes and water soluble porphyrins for solar energy conversion applications, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129(11), 3148-3156 (2007)
  46. Morvillo P. and Bobeico E., Tuning the LUMO level of the acceptor to increase the open-circuit voltage of polymer-fullerene solar cells: A quantum chemical study, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, 92(10), 1192-1198 (2008)
  47. Krishnan R., Shamindri M.A., Jared R.B. and Karen J. B., Solar energy conversion using photochemical molecular devices: photo-catalytic hydrogen production from water using mixed-metal supramolecular complexes, Energy Environ. Sci., 410-419 (2009)
  48. Chen W., Gao-mai Y., Jun L., Giuseppe M., Rudolf S., Ma\ngorzata A.B., Ming-yue D., Giuseppe V., Xiongfu Z. and Feng-Xing Z., Novel meso-substituted porphyrins: Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity of their TiO-based composites , Dyes and Pigments, 80(3), 321-328 (2009)
  49. Morvillo P., Higher fullerenes as electron acceptors for polymer solar cells: A quantum chemical study, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells,93(10), 1827-1832 (2009)
  50. Barry P. R., Claudio G., Alexander M., Afshin H., Jan G. and Paul H., Photocurrent enhancement in polymer: fullerene bulk hetero-junction solar cells doped with a phosphorescent molecule, Appl. Phys. Lett., 95, 173304-173307 (2009)
  51. Mahmut D., Zekeriya B. and Halit K., Synthesis, photo-physical and photo-chemical properties of crown ether substituted zinc phthalocyanines, Synthetic Metals, 159(15-16) , 1563-1571 (2009)
  52. La S.J., Sun-Young K., Su J.K., Yong-Gun L., Moon-Sung K. and Yong S.K., Supramolecular electrolytes with multiple hydrogen bonds for solid state dye-sensitized cells,Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 212 (2-3), 88-93 (2010)
  53. Jong K. K., Joo H. K., Sung H. A., Jong H. K. and Yong S. K.,Solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells employing one-pot synthesized supramolecular electrolytes with multiple hydrogen bonding, Electrochimica Acta, 55(7), 2567-2574 (2010)
  54. Anamika R., Shrabanti B.B., Subrata C. and Sumanta B., Photo-physical investigations on supramolecular interaction of a C60 derivative with free-base and metallo-phthalocyanines, Journal of Molecular Structure, 966 (1-3), 69-78 (2010)
  55. Kuan-Chieh H., Vittal R. and Kuo-Chuan H., Effects of Crown-ethers in nano-composite silica-gel electrolytes on the performance of quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, 94(4), 675-679 (2010)
  56. Mingshan Z., Yongtao L., Yukou D., Jian L., Xiaomei W. and Ping Y., Photo-catalytic hydrogen evolution without an electron mediator using a porphyrin–pyrene conjugate functionalized Pt nanocomposite as a photocatalyst, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36 (7), 4298-4304 (2011)
  57. Jing J., Dan L., Lei L., Xiao H., Shengmei C.g, Yuxian C., and Shuyun N., Synthesis, crystal structure and surface photo-electric property of a series of Co(II) coordination polymers and supramolecules, Inorganica Chimica Acta, DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100229 (2011)
  58. Youjun H., Hsiang-Yu C., Guangjin Z., Jianhui H. and Yongfang L., biindene-C60 adducts for the application as acceptor in polymer solar cell with higher open-circuit-voltage, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, 95(3), 899-903 (2011)
  59. Aliye A. E., Mahmut D. and Mustafa B., Chromenone 12-crown-4 substituted zinc phthalocyanine complexes: Investigation of spectral, photophysical and photochemical properties, Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 81(1), 690-697 (2011)
  60. Youjun H., Hsiang-Yu C., Guangjin Z., Jianhui H. and Yongfang L., Synthesis and Photovoltaic properties of biindene-C70 mono adduct as acceptor in polymer solar cells, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, 95 (7), 1762-1766 (2011)
  61. Peishan W., Kai Y., Lie C., Yiwang C., Fan L., Hongming W. and Shuxian Y., Self-assembled mesogens modified fullerene for efficiently stable bulk hetero-junction solar cells, Solar Energy Materials and Solar cells, in press, DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.08.011 (2011)