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Development of an efficient electrochemical sensor for the determination of cyanide ions in aqueous media

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niger
  • 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niger
  • 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niger
  • 4Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niger
  • 5Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey, Niger

Res.J.chem.sci., Volume 13, Issue (1), Pages 17-28, February,18 (2023)

Abstract

The aim of this work is to develop an efficient electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode coated with a thin film of mercury for the determination of cyanide ions in aqueous media. The sensor is characterised by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV), to understand its behaviour and evaluate its performances. Cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate a "Nernst" type system with decreasing reversibility at pH 10. Impedance techniques indicate an easier charge transfer on the glassy carbon electrode modified with the mercury film compared to the bare glassy carbon electrode. The optimal parameters (Analytical and Differential pulse voltammetry) for cyanide determination are identified. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) obtained are 0.013mg.L-1 and 0.043mg.L-1 respectively. In addition, the new sensor has good linearity, good repeatability with a calculated Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) equal to 1.88%. The studied sensor was successfully employed for the analysis of cyanide ions in well water samples using the standard addition method and the results obtained are satisfactory.

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