International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Development as a two-edged sword A Case Study of Norway and Ghana

Author Affiliations

  • 1 Department Social and Institutional Development, Sri Lanka Foundation Institute, Sri Lanka

Int. Res. J. Social Sci., Volume 4, Issue (1), Pages 86-89, January,14 (2015)

Abstract

Historical evidences suggest that the dual nature of development in bringing both prosperity and destruction to society and the environment. It brings technological gains and new freedom, as well as social, cultural and ecological consequences.Therefore some analysts identify development as a two-edged sword, a creator and destroyer. Even though overexploitation of natural resources leads to environmental degradation, many countries have reached socioeconomic development, through usage of natural resources. Past international events give some indication as to how the future may treat poor countries or those rich in natural resources. By utilizing of two case studies from both the developed and developing contexts, the paper suggest that the demand from the developing countries for the protection of environment is less ethical since developed nations have exploited their natural resources to achieve development.

References

  1. Brundtland G.H., Our Common Future, World Commission on Environment and Development, Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1987)
  2. Prakash M., Role of Knowledge and Information in promoting Sustainable Development, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(2), 52-55, February (2013)
  3. GRID-Arendal, Dead Planet, Living Plane: Biodiversity and ecosystems restoration for sustainable development.A Rapid Response Assessment, United Nations Environment Program, Norway, (2010)
  4. Pullaiah C., Assessing the Economic Impact of Water Pollution – A Case Study of Musi River Hyderabad, India, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(1), 18-23, (2013)
  5. Repetto R., Balance Sheet: Incorporating Natural Resources in National Income Accounts, 34(12), 12-20, 43-45, World Resources Institute, Washington, (1992)
  6. Kamble S., Participatory Rural Appraisal: A Tool for Inclusive Growth and Participatory Development A Case Study of Village Marale, MS, INDIA, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 3(3), 48-50, (2014)
  7. World Resources, Journalist Guide to World Resources, www.wri.org/publication/world-resources-2005-wealth-poor-managing-ecosystems-fight-poverty, (2005) (Accessed on 09.01.2010)
  8. Sachs J.D. and Warner A.M., Natural Resources and Economical Development: The curse of natural resources, Centre for International Development, Harvard University, Cambridge, (2001)
  9. Jain A. and Runa P., Social Sector and Economic Reforms (With Special Reference to Public Health), International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 38-42, (2014)
  10. Humphreys M. Sachs J.D. and Stiglits J.E., Escaping The Resource Curse Colombia University Press, New York, (2007)
  11. Øyhus A.O., The environmental impact on sustainable development: Some important Issues, DM UT 504 Module 1: Mini-lecture, Kristiansand, Norway, (2010)
  12. United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Norway Country profile of human development indicators,UNDP, New York, http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/profiles /NOR.html) , (2010) (Accessed on 10.01.2011)
  13. Awudi B.K., The Role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Mining Sector of Ghana and the environment, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) , France, (2002) http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd /44/12/1819492.pdf (Accessed on 10.01.2011)
  14. Leiren T.I., Norway, Microsoft® Student [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, (2009)
  15. Ababio F. and Boon E.K., Corporate Social Responsibility in Ghana: Lessons from the Mining Sector, Ghana and Belgium. (2008) http://www.iaia.org/iaia09ghana/ documents/cs/CS4-1_BoonandAbabio_CSR_in_Ghana.pdf (Accessed on 10.01.2011)
  16. Goulet D., The Uncertain Promise, New Horizons Press, New York, (1989)
  17. Huang T. and Vu Q., The Green Revolution: Positive and Negative Impacts, Publisher, City/country, (2010) http://47091483.nhd.weebly.com/positivenegative-impact.html (Accessed on 10.01.2011)
  18. Adams W.M., Green Development: Environment and Sustainability in a Developing world, 3rd edition, Routledge, London and New York, (2009)
  19. Ricksecker D., What is the HIPC Initiative? The University of Iowa: Centre for International Finance and Development. www.uiowa.edu/ifdebook/faq/faq_docs/HIPC.shtml (2001) (Accessed on 11.01.2011)
  20. Kim A., The Effects of the U.S. Hegemony on Economic Growth in East Asia, and the Middle East and North Africa, International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 1-7, (2014)
  21. Lechner F.J. Boli J., The Globalization Reader, 2nd ed. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Cornwall, United Kingdom, (2004)
  22. World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Conservation Finance: Debt-For-Nature Swaps, WWF, Washington http://www. worldwildlife.org/initiatives/conservation-finance (2011)(Accessed on 11.01.2010 through)
  23. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Newsletter, Oil and Gas Environmental Governance Needs Assessment, 6(1), EPA, Ghana, (2010)