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In-vitro antiviral activity evaluation of Indian medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Bhavan’s College Andheri, University of Mumbai, India
  • 2Institute of Chemical technology (ICT), Mumbai, India
  • 3Spice Healthcare PVT LTD., Mumbai India
  • 4Lilac insights PVT LTD., Navi Mumbai, India
  • 5Department of Microbiology, Bhavan’s College Andheri, University of Mumbai, India
  • 6Department of Life sciences and Biochemistry, St. Xavier’s College, Mumbai, India
  • 7Department of Molecular biology, MyLab discovery solutions, Mumbai, India

Res. J. of Pharmaceutical Sci., Volume 12, Issue (1), Pages 7-16, June,30 (2023)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, the highest mortality rate virus of the 21st century, initially affects the respiratory system, evades immune system fighter cells, and later affects other organs if not eliminated from the body. In absence of any specific pharmacological treatment without adverse side effects, the need to find new therapeutic alternatives is coherent. Ethnomedicine and ‘Ayurveda’, are holistic approaches that stimulate non-specific immunity by assisting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to act against the pathogens to ward them off and remove root causes underlying a disease. Various phytochemicals from Indian medicinal herbs are known to act against viral receptors, and their target protein sites and interfere with viral reproduction, and also as potential immune cell enhancers. The current research used LCMS to identify phytochemicals in 4 Indian traditional medicinal herbs and their ayurvedic blend against SARS-CoV-2, through a pre-post treatment strategy in vitro using qRT-PCR. Herein, pre-post treatment of the extracts & their ayurvedic blend inhibited viral load significantly statistically (p<0.05), with Piper nigrum, Terminalia arjuna, and the 4 ayurvedic blend exhibiting maximum antiviral activity almost equivalent to standard drug Remdesivir, thereby confirming their anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity which was efficient similar to synthetically derived Remdesivir. Herein, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of 4 herbal extracts and their mixture was evaluated, while their brief role in stimulating the immune system in order to ward off pathogenic organisms is discussed.

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