Design of three phase power synchronizer

Abstract

Synchronization is very useful to connect a power generation to a standard grid. Without a synchronizer it is impossible to maintain a power supply in any country. It is therefore essentially required to merge the multiple sources of electrical power generation to a single system so that overall load can be handled very easily in an organized way. So, the process by which the different generating units are tied by matching line voltage, frequency, Phase angle and phase sequence with each other is called synchronization. The synchronizer works on the principle of phase matching using zero cross detector, frequency matching and voltage matching. The phase voltage of synchronous generator and grid is measured using voltage measuring circuit that uses half bridge rectifier and sampled data is taken using microcontroller and displayed through it. In the same way, frequencies of both the generator and grid is measured using frequency measuring circuit in which the time difference of pulses of full wave rectifier is recorded by microcontroller unit and it is implemented to calculate frequency. The phase difference is calculated by phase detecting circuit. When the difference of voltage, frequency and phase are within the specified limit then relay is energized to operate the contactor and grid is successfully connected to synchronous generator. The probability of incorrect synchronization decisions is reduced due to the quickness and fault detection techniques of the microcontroller methodology, which is the research main contribution. As a result, the synchronization's dependability improves. For monitoring, measuring, and paralleling synchronous generators, the developed auto synchronization unit is rapid, cost - effective, incredibly reliable, and highly accurate.