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Evaluation of specific organic and inorganic pollution indicators in a homeland river

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 9, Issue (4), Pages 45-54, October,22 (2020)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop a biannual database for selected organic and inorganic river pollution indicators. The DO, BOD and COD levels alongside TSS and TDS concentrations were determined using standard protocols. The compiled database consisted of 5 aforementioned parameters, 12 monthly variables and 5 sampling points for each month during the biannual study generating over 60 data per specific parameter with 60 data per variable, per season per annum. April/May recorded highest values of TSS at \"UT\" sampling point, which was the peak of rainy season and had maximum values of TSS at 60.38 mg/L exceeding the APHA, EU, EPA and FME discharge limits, except WHO standards. Highest TDS (68.20 mg/L) was in 2014 (Oct/NOV) at \"DS\" sampling point which exceeded FME and EPA permissible limits but well below WHO, EU and APHA standards. Observation shows that 2015 was an active DO year much more than 2014 and DO decreased significantly as water flows downstream. Moreover, the highest COD concentration was 290 mg/L at \"NB\" sampling point during Oct/Nov that was high but below APHA standard. However, the BOD levels between the seasons showed no seasonal variation within each year, which might be due to active and regular discharge of organic pollutants from abattoir source throughout the biannual study. ANOVA analyses showed that BOD and TSS data were statistically more accurate than other parameters. In conclusion, the river is unsafe, unclean and unacceptable for public consumption, recreation, sensitive fish habitation, requires pollution preventive, and control measures.

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