International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Evaluation of the characteristics of wastewater from slaughterhouses in South Eastern Nigeria for design of appropriate treatment system

Author Affiliations

  • 1Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
  • 2Agricultural Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
  • 3Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
  • 4Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
  • 5Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering Department, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 8, Issue (1), Pages 23-29, January,22 (2019)

Abstract

Wastewater from seven slaughterhouses was evaluated in terms of quality and quantity. Effluent Samples were obtained from the slaughterhouses outlet channels and analyzed for Temperature, Electrical Conductivity, pH, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Solids (TS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Ammonium Nitrogen (NH4-N), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N), Nitrite Nitrogen (NO2-N), Phosphate (PO43-). Results show that the current effluent quality from the slaughterhouses is not suitable for discharge into surface water. The physicochemical wastewater parameter values were very high such as values of 3144.8±251.07µS/cm for Electrical Conductivity, 1667.8±127.58mg/l for Total Dissolved Solids, 1049.3±235.75mg/l for Biochemical Oxygen Demand and 1698.9±291.91mg/l for Chemical Oxygen Demand. The study also revealed a serious water economy at the facilities.

References

  1. Sangodoyin A.Y. and Agbawhe O.M. (1992)., Environmental study on surface and groundwater pollutants from abattoir effluents., Bioresource Technology, 41, 193-200.
  2. World Bank (1998)., Pollution Prevention and Abatement Handbook, Toward Cleaner Production., The World Bank Group in Collaboration with UNEP and UNIDO, IBRD/The World.
  3. Coker A.O., Olugasa B.O. and Adeyemi A.O. (2001)., Abattoir wastewater quality in South Western Nigeria., Proceedings of the 27th WEDC Conference. Lusaca, Zambia, 329-331.
  4. Osibanjo O. and Adie G.U. (2007)., Impact of effluent from Bodija abattoir on the physicochemical parameters of Osunkaye stream in Ibadan City, Nigeria., Afri. J. Biotech., 6(15), 1806-1811.
  5. Ojo J.O. (2014)., Environmental impact assessment of effluents from Oko-Oba Municipal abattoir at Agege, Lagos State, Nigeria., Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(10), 317-320. (ISSN: 2315-5094).
  6. Akan J.C., Abdulrahman F.I. and Yusuf E. (2010)., Physical and chemical parameters in Abattoir wastewater sample, Maiduguri metropolis, Nigeria., The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 11(1), 640-648.
  7. Ubwa S.T., Atoo G.H., Offem J.O., Abah J. and Asemave K. (2013)., An assessment of surface water pollution status around Gboko abattoir., African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 7(3), 131-138. http://www.academic journals.org/ AJPAC.
  8. Atuanya E.I., Nwogu N.A. and Akpor E.A. (2012)., Effluent qualities of government and private abattoirs and their effects on Ikpoba River, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria., Advances in Biological Research, 6(5), 196-201.
  9. Adeyemi-Ale O.A. (2014)., Impact of Abattoir Effluent on the Physico-Chemical Parameters of Gbagi Stream (Odo-Eran), Ibadan, Nigeria., Ilorin Journal of Science, ILJS-14-022, 1(1), 100-109.
  10. Adegbola A.A. and Adewoye A.O. (2012)., On investigating pollution of groundwater from Atenda Abattoir wastes, Ogbomoso, Nigeria., International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(9), 1569-1585.
  11. Adesemoye A.O., Opere B.O. and Makinde S.C.O. (2006)., Microbial content of abattoir waste water and its contaminated soil in Lagos, Nigeria., African Journal of Biotechnology, 5(20), 1963-1968.
  12. USEPA (2016)., Approved General-Purpose Methods | CWA Methods | US EPA., Retrieved 23/05/2016.
  13. APHA (1998)., Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater., 20th edn ed. Washington DC, USA: American Public Health Association, American water Works Association and Water Environment Federation.
  14. FEPA (1991)., National interim guidelines and standards for industrial effluent, gaseous emissions and hazardous wastes., Abuja, Nigeria, 33-63.
  15. Mittal G.S. (2004)., Characterization of the effluent wastewater from abattoirs for land application., Journal of Food Reviews International, Taylor & Francis group, 20(3), 229-256.
  16. Ekanem K.V., Chukwuma G.O. and Ubah J.I. (2016)., Determination of the physicochemical characteristics of effluent discharged from Karu abattoir., International Journal of Science and Technology, 5(2).
  17. Ojo J.O. and Alamuoye O.F. (2015)., Bacteriological and physicochemical characteristics of abattoir effluents from Ado-Ekiti municipal abattoir Ekiti State, Nigeria., Sch. Acad. J. Biosci., 3(10), 838-841.
  18. Tidjanihisseine A., Kamga R. and Tchadanaye N.M. (2016)., Physicochemical evaluation of wastewater from abattoir, brewery, soap and oil factories, at Moundou City in Southern Chad., Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 6(1), (Part-2), 19-30.
  19. Tritt W.P. and Schuchardt F. (1992)., Materials flow and possibilities of treating liquid and solid wastes from slaughterhouses in Germany., Bioresource Technology, 41(3), 235-245.
  20. Noukeu N.A., Gouado I., Priso R.J., Ndongo D., Taffouo V.D., Dibong S.D. and Ekodeck G.E. (2016)., Characterization of effluent from food processing industries and stillage treatment trial with Eichhorniacrassipes (Mart.) and Panicummaximum (Jacq.)., Water Resources and Industry, 16, 1-18.
  21. Wu P.F. and Mittal G.S. (2011)., Characterization of provincial inspected slaughterhouse wastewater in Ontario, Canada., Canadian Biosystems Engineering, 54, 6.9-6.18.
  22. Johns M.R. (1995)., Developments in wastewater treatment in the meat processing industry: A review., Bioresource Technology 54, 203-216.
  23. Environment Agency (2008)., Guiding small businesses through environmental regulations., Available online at: http://www.netregs.gov.uk/netregs/sectors/ (Assessed 24/07/2015 at 15.30)
  24. Adeyemo O.K. (2002)., Unhygienic operation of a city abattoir in south western Nigeria: Environmental implication., Afri. Jour. of Envir. Ass. and Manag., 4(1), 23-28.