International E-publication: Publish Projects, Dissertation, Theses, Books, Souvenir, Conference Proceeding with ISBN.  International E-Bulletin: Information/News regarding: Academics and Research

Toxic Impacts of Sub-Chronic Inhalation of Mosquito Coil Smoke in Rabbits

    ,

Author Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore, PAKISTAN

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 3, Issue (5), Pages 86-91, May,22 (2014)

Abstract

Various Asian countries including china, Thailand, India, Malaysia Korea and Japan commonly used mosquito coils as mosquito repellent. Mosquito coils are slow-burning product which release smoke containing one or more insecticides; it burns for several hours in confine places in order to provide protection to humans against malaria, which spread due to mosquitoes. Present study was intended to examine the toxic impacts of inhaling mosquito coil smoke on male rabbits. Mosquito coils are widely used to kill mosquitoes. A total of forty rabbits were used in this study. These rabbits were divided into two major groups i.e., Control Group and Experimental Group. Experimental group was further divided into 3 sub-groups i.e., E1, E2 and E3.Each group contain 10 rabbits as shown in figure 2.1. Control Group was not exposed to mosquito coil smoke while Experimental groups were exposed to mosquito coil smoke for 3 hours/day. Exposure time remain the same but exposure days vary with each Experimental group i.e., E1 was exposed for 5 days, E2 was exposed for 10 days and E3 was exposed for 15 days. After the completion of exposure day’s blood was collected from the ear pinna of rabbits for the analysis of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells and Platelets. Blood samples were analyzed by using Hematology Analyzer. Effect of mosquito coil smoke on weight of rabbits was also observed and morphological changes due to mosquito coil smoke was also evaluated. Results were analyzed by comparing the data of Experimental groups with Control group. According to results a significant decrease was observed in weight of Group E3 rabbits. Results also demonstrated that with the increase of exposure day’s number of White Blood Cells and Platelets were also increased while the numbers of Red Blood Cells become decreased.

References

  1. Watson C., Trends in world urbanizationthe 1stInternational Conference on Insect Pests in the Urban Environment. Cambridge University, UK(1993)
  2. Peterson C., Insect repellents in urban settingsVector Ecology, 50(4), 39-43 (2003)
  3. Lucas A.O. and Gilles H.M., Arthopodin:Short textbook of public health medicine for tropicsed. Oxford University Press Inc, New York(2003)
  4. Zhang J., Liu W., Jalaludin J., Hashim Z. and B.D., Mosquito coil emmissions and health implicationsEnvironment Health Perspective,111(12),54-60 (2003)
  5. World Health Organization (WHO), Indoor air pollution and child health in Pakistan: report of seminar held at the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan (2005)
  6. Lukwa N. and Chandiwana S.K., Efficiency of mosquito coils containing 0.3% and 0.4% pyrethrins against an Gambie sensu Lola mosquito center, African journal of medicine,44(4), 41 (1998)
  7. Gopal R.N., Researchers concerned over mosquito coils, The Hindu, New Delhi, India (2003)
  8. Azizi B.H. and Henry R.L.environmental factors on respiratory illness in primary school children in Kuala Lampurepidimoilogy,20, 144-149 (1991)
  9. US EPA, Pesticides evaluation scheme, Division of Control of Tropical Diseases, guideline specifications for household insecticide products, United States Environmental Protection Agency (1998)
  10. Dworkin B., How to avoid mosquito bitesmust be used with care, Research journal of occupational toxicology,4(2), 27-35 (2002)
  11. Ayorinde A. F., Oboh B.O., Otubanjo O.A., Alimba A.C. and Odeigah P.C., Some toxicological effects of a commonly used mosquito repellent in Lagos state,Research journal of environmental toxicology, (2012)
  12. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry), Toxicological Profile for Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta (2003)
  13. Baron D.N., Wicher J.T. and Lee K.E.textbook of chemical pathology,York (1992)
  14. Dugdale D., Red Blood Cells CountEncyclopedia, 76(8), 78-79 (2012)
  15. Goodnough L.T., Brecher M.E. and Katner M.H.Transfusion medicine: Blood transfusionJournal of Medicine,340, 438-447 (1999)