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Comparative efficiency of different biological techniques in the remediation of petroleum oil polluted soil

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 704, Akure, Nigeria
  • 2Department of Biological Sciences, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, Nigeria
  • 3Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 704, Akure, Nigeria

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 12, Issue (2), Pages 13-20, July,22 (2023)

Abstract

Spillage of petroleum hydrocarbons affect soil quality with negative consequences on profitable agriculture. Among remediation techniques, bioremediation is relatively non-invasive, efficient and less expensive. Bioremediation efficiency is influenced by the applied techniques, materials, type and the amount of inoculum. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different biological techniques in the remediation of petroleum oil- contaminated soil. The identity of indigenous petroleum utilizing fungi in soil and cow fecal matter samples were determined using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Soil was spiked with crude oil (10%w/w) and treated with 5% and 10% NPK for bio-stimulation, formulated microbial consortia for bioaugmentation, combined treatments and monitored for crude oil loss for sixteen weeks using weight loss method. Autochthonous crude oil degrading fungal isolates were Meyerozyma sp. S8CF-18(KP072797.1), Penicillium citrium F14 (MG711907.1), Aspergillus tubingensis Hoba5-41(KC020122.1), A. terreus (KR704571.1) and A. tubingensis MSEF76 (KT310980.1) from cow dung and A. brunneoviolceus F9P2SF19 (MK035983.1) and A. aculeatinus NG202 (MT0237141.1) from soil sample. Results revealed crude oil removal of 27.90% in the control sample, 46.61% and 49.88% respectively for bacterial and fungal consortia and 64.76% and 72.15% for samples amended with 5% and 10% NPK respectively. Combined treatment of polluted sample with microbial consortium, NPK and cow dung showed remarkable increase of 70.74 - 89.83% and 78.38 - 94.39% crude oil removal efficiency over bioaugmentation and bio-stimulation as standalone strategy. This study showed that bioaugmentation coupled with bio-stimulation is the most promising bioremediation technique.

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