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Levels of Heavy Metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe and Cr) in Bushgreen and Roselle Irrigated with Treated and Untreated Urban Sewage Water

Author Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, NIGERIA
  • 2 Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Benin, Benin City, NIGERIA
  • 3

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 1, Issue (4), Pages 50-55, November,22 (2012)

Abstract

The content of Cu, Zn, Pb, Fe and Cr in Bushgreen and Roselle vegetable plants, soil irrigated with treated and untreated urban sewage water were evaluated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The concentration of Cu (0.078 g/ml), Zn (1.065 g/ml), Pb (1.034 g/ml), Fe (2.512 g/ml) and Cr (0.081 g/ml) in untreated sewage water were reduced by 58%, 46%, 27%, 70% and 33% respectively, after treatment with Alum. The mean concentration of Pb, Cu and Cr in treated and untreated sewage waters are above the maximum permissible values of 0.2g/ml, 0.01g/ml and 0.05g/ml respectively for irrigation waters used on all types of soils. The levels of Zn in soils irrigated with sewage water and Pb in soils irrigated with treated sewage water are above the maximum tolerable levels of 300g/g and 100g/g respectively. The contamination of Zn and Cr in leaves (unwashed), leaves (washed), stem and roots of Bushgreen irrigated with sewage water are 2.5, 1.7, 1.3, 3.2 and 2.1, 1.7, 1.9, 1.1 times respectively, higher than the maximum permissible level in plants sets by World Health Organization (WHO).

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