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Water Quality Evaluation of River Ghataprabha (India)

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, INDIA
  • 2 Department of Biotechnology, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, INDIA
  • 3 Chemical Engineering Dept., KLE Society’s Dr. M.S. Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum, Karnataka, INDIA
  • 4 Chemical Engineering Dept., KLE Society’s Dr. M.S. Sheshgiri College of Engineering and Technology, Belgaum, Karnataka, INDIA

Int. Res. J. Environment Sci., Volume 1, Issue (1), Pages 12-18, August,22 (2012)

Abstract

A study was made for evaluating the water quality of a 30 km stretch of river Ghataprabha by measuring various physico-chemical and biological water quality parameters. River Ghataprabha, a tributary of River Krishna, during its flow through Belgaum district in north Karnataka state receives untreated domestic wastes from Gokak town and three villages situated on the bank of river at the downstream of the river after Gokak town. Depending upon the location of point sources of waste discharges, seven sampling stations were selected for collecting the water samples. The parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), hardness, alkalinity, etc. were analyzed every month for two years (2006-07 and 2007-08) and presented as two year average values during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. From the results it was found that there was a significant increase, especially in the pre-monsoon season, in all the physico-chemical parameters from the downstream of Gokak town. However, all the parameters were within the prescribed limits of drinking water standards. As per the CPCB stream classification, based on the results of BOD, the river stretch up to a distance of 3 km from the upstream boundary (upstream of Gokak town) can be designated as class of stream ‘C’, whereas the stretch between 3 to 30 km can be categorized as class of stream ‘D’. In terms of DO, the river satisfied the standards of class of stream ‘C’ (> 4 mg/l) at all the places during both the seasons.

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