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Insecticidal Activity of Tinospora rumphii Plant Powder Against Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines
  • 2Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cebu Normal University, Cebu City, Philippines

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 5, Issue (4), Pages 37-44, April,10 (2016)

Abstract

The insecticidal activity of Tinospora rumphii stem powder was evaluated on corn weevil, Sitophilus zeamais M. under laboratory condition. Phytochemical analysis of the plant stem was conducted to determine the active toxic compounds. Three various concentrations (6%, 12% and 18%) of T. rumphii powder were exposed to corn grains containing the mature weevils within 120 hours. Results revealed that T. rumphii stem contain the following phytochemicals: flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and tannins. Tinospora rumphii powder showed significant insecticidal activity against maize weevil as compared to the control group at 0.05 level of significance. In addition, the mortality of maize weevil treated with the plant extract is concentration-dependent effect since the percentage of weevil’s mortality increase in relation to the increase of extract concentration. Higher concentrations of the extract had stronger insecticidal effect than the lower concentrations. The corn seeds treated with the plant extract shows the least number of holes (0.25 to 0.75 out of 10 seeds) compared to the negative control (10.25 out of 10 seeds). This indicates that the plant extract has a preventive effect against weevil from damaging the corn seeds. Makabuhay extract also showed a concentration-dependent in terms of the percentage weight loss of corn grains infected with the weevil. The significant decrease of weight loss in treatment/experimental groups as compared to the negative control could be a result of higher corn weevil’s mortality. Moreover, result also reveals a significant difference, p = 0.000 on the percentage of germination among the control groups and those treated with various concentrations of the plant extract. The lowest percentage of germination was observed in the negative control (15 %) which is extremely low than those treated with the plant extract and the positive control, on the other hand, the highest concentration of the plant extract showed the highest percentage of germination (95%). Hence, T. rumphii stem powder possess insecticidal activity against maize weevil, S. zeamais.

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