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Anti-microbial Activity of Acrylic Resins with In-Situ Generated Nanosilver on Cariogenic Planktonic and Biofilm Bacteria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
  • 2 Private practices, Tehran, Iran
  • 3 Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  • 4 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, TUMS, Tehran, Iran

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 3, Issue (4), Pages 38-46, April,10 (2014)

Abstract

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) widely used in prosthodontics and orthodontics, but there is a problem with acrylic appliances-centered dental caries, inflammation of gingival and periodontal disease. With cariogenic organisms such as Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus, there is a required for an anti-microbial delivery system with long-term anti-microbial activity. Thus, the main purpose of this work is to explore the effects of the increase in silver nanoparticles (NanoAg) concentration as well as the addition of initiator and accelerator to NanoAg in-situ in PMMA on antibacterial properties. Chemical-cure acrylic resins were used to synthesize NanoAg in-situ in PMMA using silver benzoate,benzoyl peroxide and dimethyl-p-toluidine (NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD). Antibacterial effectiveness of NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD was assessed against the cariogenic bacteria and their co-cultures by adherence inhibition as well as planktonic and biofilm bacterial cells growth inhibition. NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD reduced bacterial adherence by 61.3-99.9% (P0.05) depending on the microorganism type. Planktonic growth inhibition showed 5-7 log (99.9%; P0.05) decrease in time-dependent manner over a 28 day period. NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD inhibited the biofilm of all test bacteriaand co-cultures by 3-5 log (99.9%; P0.05), compared to PMMA. NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD maintained anti-microbial effects after the third generation of biofilm formation. The data presented here are novel in that they prove that NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD effectively inhibited adherence of cariogenic bacteria as well as strong anti-microbial activity in the planktonic phase and subsequent biofilm formation. This showed NanoAg-IS-PMMA-BD has the potential to minimize cariogenic microorganism’s colonization on denture and baseplates of orthodontic appliances.

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