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Presence of Carcinogenic compounds in Palar-Thenpennai River Basin and its Impact on increasing spurts of cancer cases in Northern Tamil Nadu, India – An evidence based fact analysis

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India
  • 2Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India
  • 3Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India
  • 4Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India
  • 5Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India
  • 6Dept of Public Health Dentistry, Public Health Forum, Ramapuram, Chennai-89, India

Int. Res. J. Biological Sci., Volume 13, Issue (1), Pages 1-14, February,10 (2024)

Abstract

Water contamination is currently one of the biggest concerns for every country as it depends directly on the nation’s economy and public health. The aim is to find if there is any association between the presence of carcinogens in Palar-Thenpennai river basin, Tamil Nadu, and increasing spurts of cancer cases in the Palar-Thenpennai supplying northern parts of Tamil Nadu namely Chennai, Thiruvallur, Kancheepuram, Thiruvannamalai, Ranipet and Cuddalore districts. The "Lists of carcinogens with cancer site" published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer were used to identify carcinogens. The cross-sectional studies included in the study are from the year 2007 to 2022. The levels of potential carcinogens, including phosphates, nickel, lead, arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and nitrite/nitrate, are tracked. Their levels were compared with the WHO standard limit for drinking water. The percentage of cancer cases was determined using data from the Tamil Nadu Cancer Registry Project Report 2021. The results show a strong association between contamination level and cancer prevalence in Chennai, Thiruvallur, and Kancheepuram districts. Evidence shows the presence of carcinogens in the fish samples collected in the Gadilam River in Cuddalore district meaning that the contamination has already entered into the human food chain.

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