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Foliar anatomical variation of Triplochiton scleroxylon k. schumin selected forest cover types in Akure Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of forestry and wood Technology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State Nigeria
  • 2Department of forestry and wood Technology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State Nigeria
  • 3Department of forestry and wood Technology, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State Nigeria

Res. J. Agriculture & Forestry Sci., Volume 12, Issue (1), Pages 6-13, January,8 (2024)

Abstract

This study assessed the foliar anatomical characteristics exhibited by Triplochiton scleroxylon from three selected forest cover types in the Akure forest reserve. The study was carried out in Queen’s Plot, Enrichment Plantation, and Disturbed forest areas in Akure Forest Reserve, Ondo State. Five Triplochiton scleroxylon trees at not less than 50 meters apart were selected randomly, and three well-expanded leaves covering up, down, and the middle were collected, making 45 leaves in total, from the three selected forest cover types, they were all preserved in formalin acetic-alcohol (FAA) prior to the study, and their GPS coordinates were recorded. The result from the three selected land use types gives a regular polygonal reticulate venation pattern with a polygonal areolation shape in all three land use types. On leaf epidermal study from the adaxial surface, all the selected land use types possess similar qualitative characteristics; epidermal papillae were present only in accessions from Queen’s plot, and stomata were absent from the three land use types, whereas on the abaxial surface, stomata type and structure are hypostomatic with paracytic stomata, possess polygonal epidermal cell shape, sparse crystal granules, and crescent guard cells for the three land use types, and the anticlinal wall is wavy in Queen’s plot but sinuous in others. Also from the transverse section of leaf microanatomy, the palisade mesophyll layer present in disturbed forest areas was thicker than others, which is an adaptation to reduce water loss since the area is open, unlike Queen’s plot, where the tree crown has covering and accession in enrichment plantation is the least. The petiole anatomy results show the presence of the uniseriate epidermis, angular collenchyma, and oval or polygonal parenchyma cells. The pith regions were all found to have specific characters as they occurred in all 45 accessions, which is considered taxon-specific. The presence of higher trichome density in all accessions may be advantageous to plants as it increases resistance against herbivory.

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