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Physiological Evaluation of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Varieties for Salt Tolerance and Amelioration for Salt Stress

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Author Affiliations

  • 1Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, INDIA
  • 2Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, INDIA
  • 3Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, INDIA
  • 4Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, INDIA
  • 5Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, INDIA

Res. J. Agriculture & Forestry Sci., Volume 1, Issue (11), Pages 1-8, December,8 (2013)

Abstract

Soil salinity and sodicity cause detrimental effects on plant activities, which are likely to alter the yielding potential of the crops. Hence to identify the physiological parameters, which get altered under salt stress conditions and measuring the quantum of damage caused by the stress is the need of the hour. To standardize the method of ameliorating the adverse effects of sodicity, the present investigations were carried out in groundnut under three conditions viz., laboratory, pot culture and field. In the laboratory screening study, ten varieties were subjected to three levels of salinity stress, viz., 50 mM, 100 mM, 125 mM NaCl and three levels of sodicity stress viz., 25 mM, 50 mM and 75 mM NaHCO. Based on mean stress tolerance index (STI) TMV7, CO5, JL24 and BSR1 recorded lesser STI of 13 to 19 under high salinity and 15 to 24 under high sodicity levels. Therefore, by rejecting these four varieties, the other six varieties were further evaluated under pot culture condition were subjected to two levels of salinity stress (50 mM and 100 mM NaCl) and two levels of sodicity stress (25 mM and 50 mM NaHCO). The groundnut variety CO4, identified as tolerant variety and ALR3, as susceptible variety, through pot culture experiment. To assess the influence of different plant growth regulating chemicals on alleviating the adverse effects of sodicity stress,field study was conducted using CO4 and ALR3 under sodic soil condition. Brassinolide 1 ppm sprayed at pre flowering, pegging and pod formation stages was highly effective in overcoming the adverse effects of salt stress through enhancing the overall physiological efficiency of the crop and in improving the pod yield even in the varieties sensitive to salt stress.

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